DESIGNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM STUDENTS OF AKADEMI PARIWISATA MEDAN.

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DESIGNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM STUDENTS OF

AKADEMI PARIWISATA MEDAN

A THESIS

Submitted to the English Applied Linguistics Study Program in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

Magister Humaniora

BY

KURNIAULFA

Registration Number: 8106111018

ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS PROGRAM

POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

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DESIGNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM STUDENTS OF

AKADEMI PARIWISATA MEDAN

A THESIS

Submitted to the English Applied Linguistics Study Program in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

Magister Humaniora

BY

KURNIAULFA

Registration Number: 8106111018

ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS PROGRAM

POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

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ABSTRACT

Kurnia Ulfa. Registration Number: 8106111018. Designing ESP Materials for Tourism Students of Akademi Pariwisata Medan. A Thesis. English Apllied Linguistics Study Program, Postgraduate School, State University of Medan 2014

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ABSTRAK

Kurnia Ulfa. NIM: 8106111018. Designing ESP Materials for Tourism Students of Akademi Pariwisata Medan. Tesis. Program Studi Linguistik Terapan Bahasa Inggris, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Negeri Medan 2014

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DEDICATION

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First and foremost, the writer would like to thank Allah for his help and guidance throughout my life to accomplish this thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requiremens for the Master of Humaniora at English Applied Linguistics Program, State University of Medan. My gratitude is extended to my parents; H. Awaluddin, Hj. Fauziah for their continuous prayers, encouragement, and patience.

In writing this thesis, she has encountered as lot of difficulties since the beginning to the last; many people have directly helped her in finishing this thesis. She would like to acknowledge her deep gratitude for all of them for their generous guidance and assistance.

She would like acknowledge with gratitude the time and effort extended on the thesis by the respective first and the second advisers, Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed., TESP and Prof. Dr. Sumarsih, M.Pd. for their understanding, efforts and willingness to share their valuable time especially for comments, advice, corrections, and suggestions.

She would like to thank the reviewers and examiners, Prof. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd., Dr. Didik Santoso, M.Pd. to share the valuable time and suggestion, Prof. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd. for her valuable input to furnish this thesis.

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welcome and friendly, help to administered and the best cooperation while doing research at Akademi Pariwisata Medan.

She gratitude to her classmates and friends, Putri Ramadhani, M.Hum., Sulinda, Nazriani, Fauziah Nur, all XVIII, especially class A-II.

Overall, the writer hopes this thesis can be applied and give a bit contribution to the language education, especially English for tourism, and further pedagogical research.

Medan, March 2014. The writer,

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vi

4.1.2 The Result Analysis of Existing Syllabus for Middle Class Students of Manajemen Usaha Perjalanan (MUP) ……… 59 4.1.3 The Result Analysis of Existing Materials for Middle Class Students of Manajemen Usaha Perjalanan (MUP) ……… 64 4.1.4 The Theoritical Model of English Material for Tourism Students’ of Akademi Pariwisata Medan ………... 69 4.1.4.1 The Components of Accelerated Learning (layer 1) ... 70

4.1.4.2 The Components of Integrated Skills (layer 2) ... 74

4.1.4.3 The Language Components of English Materials (layer 3) 77

4.1.5 Developing Product Planning and Designing of English Materials

textbook for Middle Class Students of Manajemen Usaha Perjalanan

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ix

4.1.6 Validating New English Materials for Middle Class Students of

Manajemen Usaha Perjalanan (MUP) to the Experts …...

86

4.1.7 Revising New English Materials for Middle Class Students of

Manajemen Usaha Perjalanan (MUP) as Suggested by the Experts …...

87

4.1.6 Producing the Final Product ...…... 87

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 88

5.1 Conclusions ... 89

5.2 Suggestions ... 92

REFERENCES... 90

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x

LIST OF TABLES

2.1 Necessities, Lack and Wants (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987; 58) …….. 2.2 Communicative Competence (Canale and Swain, 1980) ……….

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xi

LIST OF FIGURES

2.1 Material Design Model (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987; 109) ……...….. 2.2 ESP Competence for Tourism Students ………...………….

3.1 The Research Procedures ……….………....…….

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix – I (Needs Analysis Quiestionnaire for Learner) ...

Appendix – II (Needs Analysis Quiestionnaire for Lecturer) ...

Appendix – III (Needs Analysis Quiestionnaire for User/Alumni) ...

Appendix – IV (Transcript Interview of Lecturer) ...

Appendix – V (Transcript Interview of Learner) ...

Appendix – VI (Transcript Interview of User/Alumnii)...

Appendix – VII (Existing Syllabus) ...

Appendix – VIII (Existing Material) ...

Appendix - IX (New Syllabus (Rancangan Program Pembelajaran)) ...

Appendix – X (The New Materials for Tourism) ...

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

For a relatively long time, students studying for different professions

were taught more or less General English, which was not always very helpful

when applied inreal-life situations of different areas of specialism, such as

engineering, tourism, science and technology, medicine, and so on. With time,

developments in language theory indicated the need to pay more attention to

individual learners. This realization together with a growing demand for English

courses tailored to students’specific needs led to the emergence of English for

Specific Purposes (ESP) in the late1960s (Hutchinson and Waters, 1994). This

area proved to be fertile ground, and so ESP has undergone rapid development in

recent decades.

The tourism sector represents a significant part of a country’s economy.

Employees in tourism (tourism organisations, travel agencies, hotels and other

accommodation facilities) need to be fully prepared to meet all kinds of demands

made by their clients. That is the main reason why communication in tourism is

more sensitive than in other branches (Blažević & Blažević 2007) and knowledge

of different languages has no alternative.

Tourism in Indonesia is an important component of

the Indonesian economy, it could be increased benefit of the country from the

visitor. Indonesia has archipelago that could be offered; from natural beauty,

historical heritage to cultural diversity, and English is a foreign language in

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slowly. More and over, only few of education centers that provide good

performance of English when they introduce the language to their students. Many

factors behind the unsatisfied result of Indonesian students in learning English.

One of them is because the education institutions do not offer what the students

need in studying English such as the text book. Palmer and Mackay (1981) say

“that language program must be focus on the students’ needs”.

1.1 The Background of the Study

From the explanation above, Indonesian government has decided to

explore tourism product start from tourism education to help economic system.

The arrangement of curriculum of learning program must indicate the type of

English that is necessary for students. It is necessary to get what the student needs

and to explore their skill.

There are many tourism academy in Indonesia under controled of the

Ministry of Tourism and the Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia that

focused on education and training in tourism. The students of tourism should have

specific English of tourism in education, so they can apply their skill especially in

English for Tourism at work.

The students of Akademi Pariwisata Medan has their icon as the

institution with good quality and skilled graduation. All of the students can learn

English totally. The students start to learn English from lower class to the upper

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because on that semester they will start for job training program in tourism

industry.

Most of the students studied and wanted to explore their hobby or ability,

for example; as guide, travel officer, cook, room boy, etc. By the research

observation from the existing material of English book in travel class or

Manajemen Usaha Perjalanan(MUP) it is not full related with the student needs to support on their training program, the material is not discussed about Indonesia

tourism.

As Palmer and Mackey said that language program must be focus on the

students’ needs.

Do ESP textbooks really exist? This is central question Johns (1990: 91)

addresses. One of the core dilemmas he presents is that "ESP teachers find

themselves in a situation where they are expected to produce a course that exactly

matches the needs of a group of learners, but are expected to do so with no, or

very limited, preparation time".

From the above point the researcher concluded that needs analysis is

needed in order to provide development of a good ESP Material for Tourism and

it will be known how to design ESP Material for Tourism based on the curriculum

and syllabus requirement, but its not only those things, it could be the components

and development of ESP Competence for Tourism and it could be created a model

for the developmental of ESP Material for Tourism of Akademi Pariwisata Medan

and the theoritical model of English Material textbooks for Tourism of Akademi

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1.2 The Problem of the Study

The problem of this study are the following:

1. What are the students’ needs of English Material for Tourism of

Akademi Pariwisata Medan?

2. How is the theoritical model of English Material text books for Tourism

of Akademi Pariwisata Medan?

3. How are the English Materials textbook designed for Tourism of

Akademi Pariwisata Medan?

1.3 The Objectives of the Study

The objectives of this study:

1. to find out the students’ needs of English Material for Tourism of

Akademi Pariwisata Medan

2. to find out the theoritical model of English Material text books for

Tourism of Akademi Pariwisata Medan

3. design English Materials textbook for Tourism of Akademi Pariwisata

Medan

1.4 The Significance of this Study

After finishing this study, hopefully, this study is expected to provide

information which may have practical as well as theoritical value for English

teachers. The goal of the research is to study the efficiency of the English

language learning and to develop ESP Material for Tourism especially about

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students need, and introduce into the studies, created on the model and conducted

empirical reseach could be elaborated suggestion for the development of ESP

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

5.1 Conclusions

After analyzing the data, the conclusions were described as follows:

1. The existing material were used is good and related to the students need,

but the materials should be up dating and the subject matter should be

discussed about the tourism in Indonesia, it can be helped the students to

understand more about tourism work in their country, and not about

foreign country as shown as the existing materials. Thus, it was changed

into more related and suitable topic based on the needs of students to

prepare themselves on doing job trainning program or tourism work in

future.

2. The new English syllabus (Rancangan Program Pembelajaran dan Kontrak

Perkuliahan (see Appendix X)) and English materials should be designed

through Accelerated Learning. The new English materials should be

related with the students need on job training program, and the materials

should be related to another subject such as; tourism geography, guiding,

ticketing, accomodation, etc. Means, that all subjects can be thought in

English materials, it can be helped the students learn to easy in another

subject and can be explored their experience in the class.

3. The new English materials should be validated by the experts’ view points

by conducting the questionnaire to the experts. The questionnaire has

components of product/content, method, language, and layout. The result

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for tourism students especially in middle class of Manajemen Usaha

Perjalanan, and this process can be followed to another study program.

5.2 Suggestions

Related to the conclusions, it is suggested that:

1. The English lecturer of Manajemen Usaha Perjalanan (MUP) study

program should provide the English materials which are match with the

needs of the students on job training programme.

2. The English lecturer can use Accelerated Learning as his/her approach in

teaching English for the students of Manajemen Usaha Perjalanan (MUP).

3. The English materials for tourism should be validated to the experts in

order to provide a suitable materials for the students especially Manajemen

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DESIGNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM STUDENTS OF AKADEMI PARIWISATA MEDAN.

DESIGNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM STUDENTS OF

AKADEMI PARIWISATA MEDAN

ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS PROGRAM

POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

DESIGNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM STUDENTS OF

AKADEMI PARIWISATA MEDAN

ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS PROGRAM

POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF APPENDICES