A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF LEXICAL COHESION AS FOUND IN FOUR OF KAHLIL GIBRAN'S POEMS.

A STYLISI'ICANALYSISOFLE ICAI- COEFJION AS I1OUND IN

FOTJR OF KAELIL CIER]$I'S POEMS

A

Thdii

S6rtd.d

ln I'wdat

Fdft^.d

to

tt *.qrnMt

IuWMse,tDaN

Bv

MIRA KERISTINA

FI(:TJSTI I'EPARIMENT , FACTJLTY OF LETTERS

Di dalm

p€nelitie

ini dib,na

hagidha

_{iEngamg mengguuru}

leugkll

kohcsi

leksikt

dalm

nenydpaikan

MloF

sasta dalam

sebul

F'hi

setu kenunculd D.@gkal kohcsi l€kikal

'€ns

dismpaikm peneamg

leNb

. Tuj@n

penelilu

ini adalai Mnr( nensebhui

basaim

ia nenssunato

prug}lt

lohet

leksikal teFebut

drlm

mcnympaikm

naha

stE

yans tedapat

dalm tuki

pLqDlascru

FrmsLr\o\6ilc\-

lal ytre

mu.u

&lm

DLni-DLi.inJr

Pdelitim

id

n€nssudko

leon sdlisdka

yde

diLdulold

oleh l€t€r Vedonk (2002)

dtr

kohsi

lekikal

ysg

dikemdeld

oleh

Hdllidat.Ln

Has

(1976)

Suber

data

didhil ddi

puisi puisi

'ss

didis

oleh Kat

il

Gibtu.

Dalm

p€neupulo

dall! p€nulis nensmbil &ra dalm b€ntut bail dai puisi'puisi

cibru.

Dalm

nensdalisis .tara pc.ulis neneeuakm nelode Efecnsial. KeDudian haril amlisis

dll!

disiike

sm

infomal seda

ncrssunak

tabd

utut

ncmbu(u

Dli

hsil

.nalisis .lapat

disinpulle

berdadtd

efek psi(ologis. Gib@

mengelcpFsike lentaq

k

indahm

t(cnllid

banva

kctu,tid

itu

mmPale

hal

ymE

tidal Dqh dn*ud

nelaint

hal

yss

ditussu

-

luggu.

Oib@ jusr

ncnympaika Dew nordl dm aeam

ditMa

ia mencelilakm

si@i

sn@i ymg m€mbutrrya IlFah.

sdih

de

guda! sna

keinsim-kei.simya

y&g

nenbur

lmbm

ne.silgat

kenbali

rltu

kckuM

SeC Pencipta. K.nudian dari haril arulisis te6.but juea

dilenuka

*mu

lipe lohesi leksilnl, ynitu:

l)

tilcNi

teiteratioh)

r,jtu:

kara

mu

_fs€,eral

,ord).

Fpetisi

(repeitior).

si^onin

6vonyn), otonin

(ahtaht,t), hipon\n (htpontm)

dd

nnnin

(hmnyn).

2)

koloksi (coltocorion)

Gib,n

endtue

ncngCud@

nillEi

lcrut na

kaIa

&!ra

mm

(46.6014, reFtisi (15.5%).

dd

kolokai

(l5.5ez)

rge

pcmbaq mcnahmi

!€mm

kohesi lekikal

ysg

dinalsld penulis

ulul

nenenula

norno

sLE

ymg

CHAITDR 2

REVIEW OF RXLATED LITERATURN

2.1.

Rdi.w

of tbe

Psiow

Studies

Meid

(2002) anslyzes about ihc p@n of Philip L5n{in s Talking in Bcd "A

srylislic an lysis

ofLdki!'s

laltins in Bcd."

ll.

ues lhc dcsdiprivc frclhods in malyzins. In his dalys's. hc follows thfte @in sieF €lated ro the tbr€e main "stylistic levels

oaa

t€xt d1,t

pmp.sd

by Finch (l9s3r 203) snch as: the "nicm", thc

"irtcm.diatc'.

od

t!€

'mrcrc"

ld.ls.

Thc

bicm lcvcl

is lnc level

of

lhe

lDen

d

a

fom

that deals wilh stud, investigating lhc ovcrall

saucu€

ol

the

poen

md gmnalical sdclurc of

thc senrcnccs

linm

a [aditional, pE fibction, &d poinl of vicw. Ibc _"inlmedialc

l.v.l'

of th.

to.m

6

a discouse derls with the difrmnt neeines oa Ae najor

ldical

irdns, llD

*mdtic

ofnesltio6. fi€ iGbn.es ofoomaly, ambislity

od

polyseny

sd

lne

us. of adjccrivc in rbc _Focn.

Thc

iaco

lcvcl" ofthc pocn

a

comNicarion

dent

relales to the bioeraphjcal conlext

dd

_senqic

dd

olllq

lcxt extemdl spcct of lhe poem. Msnd also iwestisates this

pcn bed

on nalliday's

dory

aboui

6r

nctafiDction. th.y

er

inaecs, GolopicelmsMcc, lovc, and natur.l lexical

ell,

cohesive devicca,

e!rcsmt

tion of

ftality

(deld) md lresinviry

choims-pm*ses, FfeEnes md th€ d€ictic sub-words oflhe po€m.

I.

nk

findins. drc

lqical

itcms

e

.slabhhcd lo thc cohcsivc

clai6

md

lenFlds Mzid

avoids

&

cmolionai

linglidic

dildna

ofa

Fcoplc who

m

unallc lo colm@icare. a couple sho scd md lo b€ honesl He

tls

fnds thd in

tne Iwels of the fom md

dsuN

in $e

Fcn

mhfim

nst

ol thc lcatues

ol

rtc

comuicalion

situation

wh6

it

ws

witlc.

Thc

po.

k

hc

to its

oM

senr

md rhe authori

io

lhe

hsi6iliiy

lo which

it

bclonss. wirh ils

nininal

srmbolisd

ard

mbiguity,

ud

to

the scio-hislorical

mndilio$

where

il

@cud.d Trlis

Bcmh 6s sinile

rhdry locDss on thc usc

ofl.iiol

cohcsion usine Halliday s md

Hs

s $@ry mes*hil€

Maid

brcadens his malvsh bv

sins

llaUidly s 6€ory

focus

on the

neialudioN

Eliab.th

(2008) malyzcs

abo

Siylistic Alalvsis

ol

Snclcv

s

lcns

Eliab€th

f6Ns

her

Mlras

into slylistics darysis d€€ls with lso of Shellev s

po€n

"Ozynmdid

dd

"Englffd

in

1819

"

In

stylistcs aidvsis of

t\o

of

Shcll.y s soMcis. Eliz2b.tn besins with

m

analysis

ol

lhc coh€sivc dcvic*

popoed by Halliday md

Has's

theory such

a:

rcfdc€,

subsdndo. md

cllipsis, @njmction,

ed

l*ical

orgsization-

h

her dntvzine. EliTalElh inv.stisatcs

{'al

Shcllcy

Ns

of

Epclition sncn

s: Ged-sd.

md

Dd. Ep.tilion

ofde

devie of quolatior) 10 c@te @hesion al lhe lexicai

ldel

Sbe

concludd tnat Shelley b€giff with

d

tn

lysis of the coh*ive devices

llat

is

cxktins

hisroric.l

Bord

in a

sp€inc

My.

Eliab.t[

01s

lsd ni6

endoDhoiic

pmnal

6d dnonst

atjv. iefeEnes in rhis Do€m ([p€6oDal;

yrr

hMle.

then-legs,

j|hase

visaEe,

ite-isage.

thn-p6sio$,

m!

Otlhontlidsl

d6obljJatir..

thore-fow

thok

sr

iw,

rhes*vieadle$,

that

hdnd,

thtt

heart,

these

lttotatioh, thotjuototion,

riege,

legtl

Eliabdn

cmls

chai6 of

Mmtic

nedrquival€nls in this poem.

M.swnib,

in

"E4lad

in

lSlE

Eliabct[

mploys

tm

qophonc

EfeBnces

(E,Elu.d,1ine\

iloat

edtre

,

epeale.l

),

ed

six cndophorjc

ftf.:Mc.s

(th.ir

lirces

whFprir@'

theit

ru|erc,

thertule

rhich

erae,

o*-Englant)

B this pocm. Th. cxophonc EfcEnes

Fly

on Eaders

*no*ledge ol history Md polilic for their Esobtion.

T6*

d€ iwo inpontut

dmplcs

oI eUipsis which o@ur in line nine

ad

ten. Ovemll, lhe eniiE poeto

sccds to bc i6 a Elation

ofcxrcsio!

to thc litlc

oftn.

D.cn. Ii is Mincn N onc

contiruou senter'@, a garden pal!, witn a grcai rveGal of

neeing

in th.laqr

CHA?TER 4

ARer &a]'zins $e daq

d.

Miter finds oul thal the

msing

of d€

tod

m

b. disovecd by

raltzing

the laical @hesion

d

loud

in fod ol Gibmis _!o€ms. T!€ !s,cc

ofde

iqical

@llesion hclps th€ read€r to calch th€ messss d€l is conlcycd 6y tn€ poel.

In

qpEssi.g

his

id.a

tn

p@t tc.ds

to norc

u$

Fp.ri!'on md collocdtion

$d

olhd tlT€s of lexical cohesion. By uing rcpclition md

oleolio!.

il

shows how fa!

Gibtu

infoms his

id6

aboul his imasimtion

$d

is

b.i4

a

qiDinal. _{nis vishes thal}

e

b€ing thc spnfts Mtnoul troublc

dd

so on. Tnc

wril.r

co.cludes that thc Base ofrep€dtion

ad

collocalon

ce

crealc psychologi€ql

eil&t

to thc r€ad€r. To 6nd oul the cfect, lhe irtuilioB play imponet rcle in @tchins

llE

ness€c

of litcErr

so*s.

Srylislically,

6ibm

s

pods

hrvc

chucldistics

s

subjdt

loin

of view in shich he telh aloul his

n6eges

ahour noElity

ud

3lso

Tne

wi1f

6!ds thal all tinds of

l.iicd

mn.sion

m sad.l

mrds (46.617'), Ep€lition ( I 5.5%), onocation (15.5olt,

elontn

(6 6vo). symryb (6.67t,

ntuDan

(a.470 md h}Tlrn)m (3.3%).ln otner sid€. the role ofrcpelition

dd

@ll@ation

e

very

inponet

b.€u*

by uiog bo$

oflh.s wr&,

tn. €add

d

6nd thc

p!r!os.

BIBLIOGRAPEY

Brown. cillian and Csr8e

Yule

1981.

D,r.o,

e

lerrte.

Gmt

Bnbin.

Cambridge Univenity PE$.

Cdgr,

Rotuld and Brumri! Chrisropher 1982- Lit

dw

ad

L

_AwSe

?.,.rtJ,'

Oxfor'l: (Xford UniveNiry Piesr

Collin.

Fod.

1990.

71t Colli4:

Pdperhuk

Dds,!z!.

S6ond Edition. Harpcrcollins Publishe6

Cosl,

David dd P. Davy. t969.

Idurldt

s,nsln,

&1.. London: l-oignan

tlalliday. M.A.K md Ruqaiya

HNn.

1916. Cnltosion

in

,,l,lr.

Lr.don

.

19a5. An

ldtuIrction

to

F

rct!'itl

C.(anar S*.ad

Edirion.

hltot/}w.1mdti.lovcs4ret.co6/bcButv-dcathsUine-@mi gDta!.bE!l. Rebieved o. Junc grh.2009 ar 10.10 AM

Dliabe$. 2003. sheLy

.nl

Sttlislid

ntubsn

ol

hi\ PoeN

.,id

lhilosopht

of

k"a1ut!..

Available:

]&pLd.alaniali|ejatml conDal76tu'l

Rebiev€d on

Mfth

l3th,

Jacobson.

Romd.

\960.

An

,lnltsn

af

Fiction

nEorr.

A\ai|ah],c: lnt p

!

/an b s _em h i t h lo _{ss rd.} c o

nl

2 0 A 9 /A 7 /IE o ry<f

MU

si s

j,

lite.au hhl. Rexle\ed on S€ptemb€r I

l$

2009

Leech,

C6fiid'.

1931. ,tsrarrl.r: TXe Sluar olMeaniq

Nq

Z.alsd. Pengoin

Muid, Bah@ Eddin M. 20m. A

S'lisft

Tmbns

.roumai ol

Lusudae

o[

Ldkin|fa]kins

jn Be.l .

rssN

h,

p :

//wv

s ho ke spe

R.

rk nt ttj

ow

llj I ljll

l

Retieled on March I ?' . 2009 rt 10.21 AM.

Mich&l S. Clark. 1987.

7

,/zt

t:

A S\'listn amllsis

2002

9t

htpl

ewv mLa orE nry/Ef/I937/Min9.*hl

Nursiyanloo, Burnu. 1q97. Teoi Penslaji. F)l:i. voEyakan . Cajah Mala