âANALYSIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USER BEHAVIOR AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONâ.

(1)

“ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USER BEHAVIOR AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION”

CASE : ANDALAS UNIVERSITY PORTAL

THESIS

ThesisIsSubmittedasPartialofTheRequirementForanBachelorDegreeIn ManagementDepatment–FacultyOfEconomics

SubmittedBy: AKMALDIN

0810524042

BACHELOR DEGREE MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT ECONOMICS FACULTY OF ANDALAS UNIVERSITY

(2)

MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF ECONOMICS ANDALAS UNIVERSITY

LETTEROFTHESISAPPROVAL

Herewith,DeanofEconomicsFacultyofAndalasUniversity,HeadofDepartment,and Thesis(Skripsi)Supervisor,statedthat:

Name : Akmaldin

StudentNumber : 0810524042

Degree : S1 (Bachelor)

FieldofStudy : Management ThesisTitle :

“Analysis Of Information Technology User’s Behavior at Higher Education Institution”(CaseonAndalasUniversityPortal)

HasalreadypassedtheexamonAugust06,2012basedonproceduresandregulations, whichprevailintheFacultyofEconomics.

Padang, August 2012 Supervisor

Dr.Yulihasri,S.E.,M.B.A

NIP.196607181993031003

Approved:

Head of Management Department

Dr.HarifAmaliRivai,S.E.,M.Si. NIP.197110221997011001

Head of International Management Department

(3)

ThisbachelorthesishasalreadyexaminedandpassedonJanuary10,2012.Theabstractofresearchhasbeen

approvedbysupervisorandexaminers:

Approvedby,

Headof Management

Department Dr.HarifAmaliRivai,SE,MSi

Nip.197110221997011001

____________ Signature

AlumnushadregisteredtoFaculty/Universityandgetthealumnusnumber:

Alumnino.atUniversity: Akmaldin Alumnino.atFaculty:

a) Birth’Place/Date:SaningBakar/ f) GraduationDate:6August2012 march 28,1990 g)Grade:(SangatMemuaskan) b) Parent’Name:Musbar h)GPA:2.97

c) Faculty:Economic i) LengthofStudy:3years11months d) Major:ManagementInternational j) Parents’Address:SaningBakar e) IDNumber:0810524042

ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USER’S BEHAVIOR AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION: CASE ON ANDALAS UNIVERSITY PORTAL

BachelorThesisby:Akmaldin Supervisor:Dr.Yulihasri,SE,MBA

Abstract

This research investigates the affect of perceived ease of usePEOU, perceived usefulnesS PU, attitude toward using (AT), behavioral intention (BI) on the actual use (AU) of portal at andalas university. The data obtained through questionnaire.The total of 208 andalas university student from each faculty. The findings indicated that perceive usefulness (PU) and attitude toward using (AT) have strong negative relationship, but the perceived ease of use PEOU has a positive relationship with the attitude toward using (AT), and the attitude toward using (AT) has a posive relationship with the behavioral intention (BI), and positive relationship between behavioral intention (BI) and actual use( AU) of portal

Keywords: Perceived Ease Of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Attitude Toward Using (AT),

Behavioral Intention (BI), And Actual Use (AU)

Signature 1 2 3

Name Dr.RahmiFahmi,SE,MBA Dr.Yulihasri,SE,MBA FajriAdrianto,SE.M.Bus

StaffofFaculty/University

AlumniNo.atFaculty: Name: Signature:

(4)

LEMBARPERNYATAAN

Sayayangbertandatangandibawahinimenyatakanbahwaskripsidenganjudul:

“Analysis Of Information Technology User’s Behavior at Higher Education Institution” (Case on Andalas University Portal)

Merupakanhasilkaryasayasendiri,dantidakterdapatsebagianataukeseluruhan dari tulisanyangmemuatkalimat,ide, gagasan,ataupendapatyangberasaldari sumberlaintanpamemberikanpengakuanpadapenulisaslinya.Adapun bagian-bagian yang bersumber dari karya orang lain telah mencantumkan sumbernya sesuaidengannorma,etikadankaidahpenulisanilmiah.Apabiladikemudianhari ditemukan plagiat dalamskripsiini,sayabersediamenerimasanksipencabutan gelarakademikyangtelahsayaperoleh.

Padang, 14 September 2012

Yang memberipernyataan,

(5)

PREFACE

Bis illaahi ah aa i ahii ……

I the a e of Allah “WT the Most Me iful, the Most G a ious….

Alha dulillaahi a il’aala ii , all p aises to Allah “WT fo gi i g esea he

ha e, guideli e, k o ledge, a ilities, a d eage ess to fi ish this thesis ith the title

A al sis Of I fo atio Te h olog Use ’s Beha io at Highe Edu atio I stitutio

Case o A dalas U i e sit Po tal .

This thesis as o du ted i o de to fulfill o e of e ui e e t fo a

U de g aduate Deg ee i Ma age e t Depa t e t – E o o i s Fa ult of A dalas

U i e sit fo getti g a Ba helo deg ee. This thesis has ee p epa ed as ell as the

apa ilit of esea he .

The esea he ealizes that this thesis a ot e fi ished ithout suppo ted a d

helped f o su h pa ties ho a ot e e tio ed all. O this o u e e, I ould like

to e p ess the g atitude to those ho ha e suppo ted, fa ilitated a d e ou aged e i

life, espe iall i a ade i s.

Resea he u de sta ds that this thesis still eeds i p o e e t due to fe

li itatio s. I the efo e, it ould gladl el o e suggestio s a d iti s to i p o e its

ualit . Resea he hopes that this thesis ill ake alua le o t i utio to

a ade i ia s, stude ts a d eade s i ge e al. A i .

Pada g, “epte e

Resea he

AKMALDIN

(6)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Onthisoccurrence,writerwouldliketoexpressthegratitudeto

those who have supported, facilitated and encouraged writer in life,

especiallyinacademics,theseare:

1. Mybelovedfamilyespeciallyformyparents,myfather(Musbar)

and my mother (Armis) who always give me love, support and

inspiredme.Who alwaysguideme,teaching mewhichonethe

right and wrong in life. For my brothers and sisters (Megawati,

MeliaKontesa,MikeEmilda,RoniDefitril,Novrianto,MiraDiana,

Wilmi Ramadhan, Alfaizah,S.E, Hamdani, Hidayatullah, Rafiq

Rizqullah),thankyouforallofyoursupport,andIhopewecan

make our parentsbeproudofusandmake our parentsalways

happyhavingchildrenlikeus.

2. Prof.Dr.TafdilHusni,P.H.D,astheDeanofEconomicFacultyand

Dr. Harif Amali Rivai, SE, M.Si as the Head of Management Department.

3. Dr.Yulihasri,SE,MBAasmythesissupervisors.Thankyouforthe

timeyouspared,knowledgeyoushared,andmorallessonsyou

gaveduringthesis-writingprocess.

4. AllLecturersofInternationalProgram,Thankyouverymuchfor

teachingandeducatingus.

5. Allofmyseniors,friendsandjuniorsinInternationalManagement,

Accounting and Economics 08`, especially for “M-Int 08” my

belovedfriendsinuniversity.PurboJadmiko,SE.,M.RidhoMulia

Putra, SE., Rendi Jenesa, SE., Rina Safitri, SE., Amalia Rahayu Irdam, SE., Remiza Ivona Erman, SE., Fadhilla Irwandi, SE.,

NurhidayatiPritama,SE., ErichaMutiara,SE.,FitriaRahman,SE.,

Feni Hardi,SE., Zefnita Angraini, SE., Kurnia Rizka, SE., Utari Frinelfa, SE., Wellya Gunawan, SE., Gesti Permata Sari, SE., Lili Dwi Fatimah, SE., Leily Rosa, SE., Khori Efrial, Rahmad Fauzi

Hadinata, Yudi Sandy, Fitri Indriani, Imlinar Zurmayanti, Dinil

Islamy,KhairrunNisaNasution,VickyFadhendiPutri,RahmiEka

Witri,EmiSusnawati.Thankyouforhelpingandsupportingme.I

wishforyouwhohavenotgraduateyetcangraduateassoonand I

wishfor allofour happinessandallthebestthingsinour life.

ThankyousomuchandIpraythatweabletoachieveourdreams.

(7)

6. For those who included in Faculty Of Economics big-family,

management bureau staffs, dean`s office staffs, International

programstudents,andmanyothers.Thankyouverymuch.

7. My beloved Kopma Unand family, especially for “Auric Eka

Harianja,EfriEkaPutra,NugrahaEsa,ReniKoja,DewiWahyuni,

MeliaFransiska,S.Km.,AzuraMarjuliana,AndNoraWithLaskar

Akters (Mutia Anggina, Sinta Milatina, Mutiara Mayang Sari,

Anne, Hafiz), my secret friend Gidratul Hari, Dira, Jey, Abeng,

Mulat,Dika,zul, Ari,Bgharis,BgPutra,Lila,Afrizon,Deni,Suci,

Nur,andallKopmaUnandmemberswhocannotbementioned.

Thankyouforhelpingandsupportingme,andthanksforallstory

thatalreadywrittendowninmylife.

8. MybelovedfriendsinmybelovedrenthouseespeciallyforWindra

Kurniawan, SH., Helgi Kurniadi and Sandy. Thank for your

supporting and teaching me and make me feel having a truly

brotherlikeyou.

9. Greatthankstootherpartieswhocannotbementionedabove,allof

yourhelpsareverymeaningfulforme.MayGodwillreplybetter.

Amin.

(8)

TABLE OF CONTENT

Page ABSTRACT

PREFACE i

ACKNOWLADGEMENT ii

TABLEOFCONTENT iv

LISTOFFIGURES vi

LISTOFTABLE vii

Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION

1.1BackgroundtotheResearch 1

1.2ResearchQuestions 3

1.3PurposeoftheResearch 4

1.4SignificantofTheResearch 4

1.5OrganizationofTheChapters 5

Chapter 2 : LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1Definingandstudyingacceptance 7

2.1.1 Characteristicsofacceptabletechnology 8

2.1.2 Characteristicsofacceptingusers 9

2.2TechnologyAcceptanceModel 11

2.3ResearchHypothesis 14

2.3.1 Perceivedusefulness 14

2.3.2 Perceivedeaseofuse 15

2.3.3 Students’Attitude 16

2.3.4 BehaviorIntention 16

2.3.5 TheoriticalFramework 17

Chapter 3 : RESEARCH METHOD

3.1ResearchDesign 18

3.2Population&Sample

3.2.1 Population 18

3.2.2 Sample 19

3.3DataCollectionMethod 19

3.4VariablesandMeasurement 21

3.5OperationalDefinition 22

3.6DataAnalysisMethod 23

3.6.1 ValidityTesting 23

3.6.2 ReliabilityTesting 23

(9)

3.6.3 Normalitytest 24

3.6.4 StructuralEquationModel(SEM) 24

Chapter 4 : RESULT AND ANALYSIS

4.1DescriptionofRespondentCharacteristics 27

4.2DataAnalysis 29

4.2.1 TestofValidity 29

4.2.2 TestingofReliability 31

4.2.3 TestingofNormality 32

4.3DescriptiveofItemsRespondforEachVariable 32

4.4MeasurementofModelFit 35

4.5HypothesisTesting 36

4.6DiscussionoftheResearchFindings 40

4.6.1Therelationshipbetweenperceivedusefulnessand

attitudetowardusingportal. 40

4.6.2Therelationshipbetweenperceivedeaseofuseand

attitudetowardusingportal. 41

4.6.3The relationship between attitude toward using

portalandbehavioralintention 42

4.6.4Therelationshipbetweenbehavioralintentionand

actualusedportal. 43

Chapter 5 : CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH

5.1ConclusionofResearch 44

5.2Limitation,RecommendationandImplication 45 5.2.1 LimitationandRecommendationoftheResearch 45

5.2.2 ImplicationoftheResearch 46

REFERENCES 46

APPENDIX

Appendix1:Questionaire 51

Appendix2:QuestionareTranslate 54

Appendix3:FrequencyOfRespondentCharacteristics 57 Appendix4:Validity,Realibility,AndNormalityTesting 59 Appendix5:DescriptiveOfItemsRespondEachVariable 66

(10)

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure2.1TechnologyAcceptanceModel 14

Figure2.2Researchtheoriticalframework 17

Figure4.1PathDiagramfortheInitialTheoreticalModel 37

(11)

LIST OF TABLES

Table3.1Likert’sScale 22

Table3.2OperationalDefenition 22

Table4.1SurveyResults 27

Table4.2DescriptionofRespondentCharacteristics 28

Table4.3PerceivedEaseofUse(PEOU) 29

Table4.4PerceivedUsefulness(PU) 29

Table4.5AttitudetowardUsing(AT) 30

Table4.6BehavioralIntention(BI) 30

Table4.7ActualUse(AU) 31

Table4.8ReliabilityTesting 31

Table4.9One-SampleKolmogorov-SmirnovTest 32

Table4.10PerceivedEaseofUse(PEOU) 33

Table4.11PerceivedUsefulness(PU) 33

Table4.12AttitudetowardUsing(AT) 34

Table4.13BehavioralIntention(BI) 34

Table4.14ActualUse(AU) 34

Table4.15MeasureofGoodness-Fit-Model 35

Table4.16RegressionWeight 37

Table4.17RegressionWeightH1 38

Table4.21SummaryofHypothesis 39

(12)

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.6BackgroundtotheResearch

In recent years, computer technology has become a new type of

technologyinnovationwiththeaimtoprovideastrategytoimprovethequalityof

teaching and learning. Teaching and learning are two mutually dependent

elementsofateachingprocess(Ana,2010).Fromtraditionaluptothepresent

forms of teaching where Information, Communication and Technology (ICT)

plays an important role, the focus on the process of teaching has changed

(Ana,2010). NowICTandInternethavebecomeanintegralpartoftheentire

educationalsystemasdescribedbyLiaw(2007)thattheuseofICTandInternet

asateachingandlearningtoolsisrapidlyexpandingintoeducationalsystem. The

useoftechnologyasatoolorasupportforlearningwithothersallowslearnersto

playanactiveratherthanapassiveroleofrecipientofinformationtransmittedby

alecturer,textbookorbroadcast(Tarmizi,2010)

However, e-learning is commonly referred to the intentional use of

networkedICTinteachingandlearning. Anumberoftermshavebeenusedto

describe this mode of teaching such as web based learning, virtual learning,

distributedlearning,webbasedlearningandothers. However,allthistermrefers

toeducationalprocessesinanonlineenvironmentthatutilizealearningportalto

mediateasynchronousaswellassynchronousinteachingandlearningactivities.

Nowadays,ICTtechnologieshavebecomemoreimportantforstudent

(13)

InnovationsatmostUniversityinIndonesiaweredirectedtowardsstrongnetwork

infrastructuresandup-to-datewithamediumspeedinternetconnection. Local

AreaNetworkat Universityhas been provided to all offices, teaching rooms,

lectures room and also libraries. In addition, the wireless connection is also

providedforstaffandstudentssothatanonlinelearningenvironment canbe

implemented.

More universities have started initiatives on using information

managementtooltodelivereducationtostudent,AndalasUniversitydevelopan

informationsystemthatcanenableallacademicsocietyhasthechancetousethe

technologysysteminordertoreachtheirobjectives.Theinformationtechnology

systembuiltisapartoftheorganizationalcomponent,eachinteracting,wherein

theinteractionprocess,theprocesseffectsthatmayoccur,thesystembecame

optimalandperformanceeffectiveandefficientorsystembecamenotoptimal

becausethehumanuserofthesystemrefusetoutilizeit.

Manyresearchshowsthatthebiggestcauseforfailureintheinformation

system of an organization is not due to technical quality or information it

produces,butsystemapplicationfailureiscausedmostlybybehavioralaspect

(Jodiyanto, 2007). Boodnar and Hopwood (1995) stated that IT development

needs carefulplanning and implementation toavoid denial towardthe system

developedanditisrelatedtotheindividualbehaviorchangeinconductingtheir

work.Thebehaviortowardinformationsystemdevelopedcanimpactonthelow

usageofinformationsystemcontinuallyandintheendlowertheorganizational

(14)

orderfortheinformationtechnologysystemcanbewellaccepted,thebehavior

mustbechangedorthesystemispreparedﬁrst.

Changingthebehaviorcannotbedirectedatthebehavior,butmusttake

intoaccountthecauseofthebehavior.Identifyingdeterminantfactor/information

technologyadoptionbecameveryimportantindevelopinginformationsystem,so

highinvestmentonITfacilitywillbeacceptedandcreatesorganizationalvalue.

The research is conducted to measure the prediction of information

technology acceptance and adoption of information technology mainly

informationcommunicationtechnologyoraswecallportal,tostudentatAndalas

University with the Technology Acceptance Model or TAM approach that

constructwhichareperceivedusefulnessandperceivedeaseofuse.

Based on the description of the background that have been outlined

above, researcher interested in conducting research with the heading

“ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USER BEHAVIOR AT

HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION” Case Study at Andalas University

Portal.

1.7 Research Problem

1. Perceivedusefulnessandperceivedeaseofuseinfluencethestudent’s

attitudetowardusingportalatAndalasUniversity.

2. The student’s attitudes toward using portal influence the student’s

behavioralintentiontousingportalatAndalasUniversity.

3. Thestudent’sbehavioralintentioninfluencetheactualuseportalat

(15)

1.8 Research Questions

Questionsthatguidethisresearchinclude:

1. Howdoesperceivedusefulnessandperceivedeaseofuseinfluencethe

student’sattitudestowardusingportalatAndalasUniversity?

2. How does the student’s attitudes toward using portal influence the

student’sbehavioralintentiontousingportalatAndalasUniversity?

3. Howdoesthestudent’sbehavioralintentioninfluencetheactualuse

portalatAndalasUniversity?

1.9 Purpose of the Research

Theobjectiveofthis research is to obtain description on information

communication technology (ICT) acceptance especially in term of portal and

testingthePortalacceptancemodelwithTechnologyAcceptanceModel(TAM)

approachandmeasuretherelationsamongthevariablesinTAMtopredictICT

technologyacceptanceandStudent’sbehavioronAndalasUniversity.First,this

researchgivetheinformationinfluenceperceivedofeaseofuseandusefulnesson

students’attitudetowardusingportal.Second,thisresearchgivetheinformation

influencestudents’attitudetowardusingonsudents’behavioralintention.Finally,

this research give the information influence students’ behavioral intention on

actualuseofportal.

1.10 Significant of The Research

Venkateshetal.(2003)suggestedfutureresearchto“addressthelink

betweenuseracceptanceandindividualororganizationalusageoutcomes”.This

(16)

1) Andalas University uses this studyas a material considerat ion in the

questtoimproveportalsystem.

2) Thisresearchcanincreaseknowledgeandbroadenhorizons,e specially

relatingtothefactorsinfluencestudentusedportal.

1.11 Organization of The Chapters

Inordertomakeiteasierandmakemoderatetheforwarding ofcontent,

thisresearchisdividedintofivechapters,theyare:

CHAPTERI: Introduction

Elaborating on the background of the problem, formulation of th e problem,

limitingtheproblem,researchobjectives,thebenefitsofresearch,and systematic

thesis.

CHAPTERII:LiteratureReview

Thischaptercontainsdescriptionsoftheoreticalvariablesthatinclude thetheories

thatsupportandunderliethevariablesusedintheresearchandframew ork.

CHAPTERIII:ResearchMethods

Inthischapterputforwardabouttheresearchdesign, populatio a d s a ple data

(17)

anddataanalysistechniques.

CHAPTERIV:ResearchFindingsandDiscussion

Thischapterpresenttheresultsofresearch,statisticalanalysis,hypote sistesting,

andthediscussion.

CHAPTERV:Conclusion

In this chapter contains the conclusions, limitation and recommen dation and

âANALYSIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USER BEHAVIOR AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONâ.