Bab 4
Aplikasi
pada Pemilik dan Kontraktor
• Pengenalan Proyek
• Diagram Proses
• Perancangan Alat
• Keutuhan fungsi sistim,
• Keselamatan kerja dan lingkungan
• Lingkup Tambahan
FEASIBILITY STUDY FEED DETAIL DESIGN CONSTRUCTION OPERATION & MAINTENANCE
PEMILIK
PERANCANG
PEMBUAT BARANG
KONSTRUKTOR
TAHAPAN PEKERJAAN
PERAN
PENGGUNAAN STANDARD
INSPEKTOR
PROJECT POSITIONS & FUNCTIONS
• Project Manager
• Engineering/ Field Manager
• Project Engineer
• Lead Engineer
• Discipline/ Field Engineer
• Field Engineer
• Designer
• Design
• QA/QC
• Construction
• Inspection
• Start Up &
Commisioning
• Operation &
Maintanance
PROJECT ORGANIZATION CHART- OVERALL
CLIENT'S PROJECT MANAGER PROJECT MANAGER DEPUTY PROJECT MANAGER PROJECT SPONSOR/ DIRECTOR PROJECT CONTROL &MONITORING QUALITY AND SAFETY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM COMMITTEE
PROJECT ADMINISTRATOR
CONTRACT & SCOPE MANAGER
PROJECT MANAGEMENT OFFICE
PLANNING AND SCHEDULING MANAGER
SHE MANAGER COST ADMINISTRATOR
QA MANAGER
ENGINEERING MANAGER PROCUREMENT MANAGER FIELD MANAGER
CORPORATE MANAGEMENT CORPORATE MANAGEMENT
GENERAL METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART
Design Packages
Regulation, Code
& Standard Scope & COMPANY'srequirement Data
Discipline Kick Off Meeting
Objective & Criteria
Design Basis & Preliminary Design
Philosophy Specification
Design Philosophy
Design Activities (See Design Methodology Chart)
"Fit for Purpose" Design Check
(Operability, Constructability, Maintainability, Interdiscipline, etc)
Cost Estimation
Option Study
DESIGN METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART
DESIGN AND COORDINATION
DATA & INFORMATION - Design Basis
- Survey Data - Study Report - Inter-discipline Data & Requirement
MODELING & DESIGN
ANALYZE - Strength Capability - Constructability - Operability/Serviceability - Maintainability - Life Cycle Cost
INTER-DISCIPLINE/ INTEROFFICE CHECK COMPANY APPROVAL RE-DESIGN & RE-ANALYZE OUTPUT - Report - Drawing - Procedure - Boom
Clarify to Experts all the associated project scope, schedule, and project goal. 8
Establish format to prepare Addendum on Company's supplied specification 7
Establish specification development priority for long lead equipment 6
stated in bid addendum, minutes etc.
Guide Lead Engineer to incorporate any additional clarification or requirements 5
Reconfirm applicable Company's supplied specification c/w revision number 4
Establish Specification Interdiscipline Distribution Matrix 3
Establish clear assignment what discipline to prepare which specification 2
Construction Specification (Discipline) c
Technical Specification (Discipline) b
General Specification (Multi discipline) a
Establish Specification Grouping 1 Engineering Manager 1 Distributed ** File in DC Completed Initial/Date Description No .
WORK INSTRUCTION FOR SPECIFICATION DEVELOPMENT ENG-04-03
LANGKAH PELAKSANAAN
•
Baca Lingkup Kerja pada Kontrak
•
Basic Philosophy dan Design criteria
•
Kenalilah PFD dan PID lingkup kerja
•
Kenali sifat materi yang diproses
•
Kumpulkan Design Specification, Common Practice Pemilik
•
Kumpulkan data lingkup kerja lainnya
•
Kumpulkan Standard & Code yang terkait
•
Baca Peraturan Lembaga Pemerintah yang berlaku
•
Perhatikan pola cuaca, gempa dan sifat alam lainnya yang terkait
•
Kenali peta dan tataletak peralatan dalam lokasi kerja
•
Kumpulkan Data Vendor, teknis, dokumen dan pengadaanya
•
Lakukan perancangan alat dan sistim beserta perhitungannya
•
Pemilihan jenis, kapasitas dan materialnya
•
Perhatikan keterkaitannya pada Disiplin lainnya
•
Kumpulkan Gambar Vendor dan Gambar instalasinya
•
Perhatikan penanganan material (beracun, pekat dlsb) dan keadaan tidak
normal pada saat instalasi maupun oprasi
•
Perhatikan faktor biaya, operability dan constructability dari rancangan
•
Siapkan bill of Material dan jalankan proses pembeliannya
DIAGRAM PROSES
• PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
• PROCESS & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM
• Peralatan utama dan fungsinya dalam proses
• Pipa penghubung utama beserta komposisi aliran dan besaran fisisnya
• Tabel material balance
• Merupakan diagram yang disederhanakan (Tanpa Utility dan detail
Instrumentasi)
• Diagram peralatan lebih rinci, termasuk unit pelengkapnya
dengan penjelasan spesifikasinya
• Setiap peralatan lengkap dengan setiap pipa pemasok dan pipa
produknya, disertai nomor pipanya
• Dilengkapi dengan berbagai keterangan lainnya seperti tag
number, set point, pressure rating dlsb
• Loop utama kontrol proces lengkap dengan jenis instrumen
maupun aktuatornya
DIAGRAM PROSES
Scrubber
Pump 1
Separator
Pump 2
Heat Exchanger
Mixer
Kebutuhan Perancangan
• Bejana tempat terjadinya reaksi
• Pipa proces ataupun utilitasnya
• Pengaduk, motor beserta kontrolnya
• Indikator dan kontrol process
• Pompa dan Pertukaran Panas
• Struktur penyangga Peralatan
• Pengecatan
PARAMETER PERANCANGAN
• Design Philosophy
• Design Basis
• Design Criteria
• Regulations
• Codes
• Standard
• Recommended Practice
• Guidelines
• Company Specification
• Company Standard Practice
• Company Guide
• Project Specification
• Contractor Specification
Standard Alat
• Standard Instrumentasi Industri
• Standar Keamanan : Intrinsically
Safe, Explosion Proof
• Standard Kelistrikan : UL
• Standard Mekanikal/Piping
•
ROTATING AND RECIPROCATING MACHINERY
•
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT AND PACKAGE SYSTEMS
•VESSEL DESIGN
•
HEAT EXCHANGERS
•MACHINE DESIGN
•
PIPING DESIGN/STRESS ANALYSIS
•
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STUDIES
•MATERIAL ENGINEERING
MECHANICAL SCOPE
Work scope:
1. Furnish complete design and drafting of code pressure vessels. API tanks, stacks, and like equipment.
2. Check vendor supplied drawings and calculations.
3. Maintain design trend and fabrication method awareness. 4. Recommend alternate constructions or design conditions. 5. Select or evaluate construction materials.
6. Erectability and fabricability studies / evaluations. 7. Analyses of vendor supplied extras.
Equipment Fields:
1. Pressure Vessel
2. Fractionation Columns, Absorbers, etc.
3. Storage Tanks - Atmospheric and Pressurized 4. Reactors
5. Steam Drums 6. Stacks
Usual Design Standards:
1. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2. American Petroleum Institute (API)
VESSEL DESIGN
Work Scope:
1. Provide planning, mechanical design, cost estimating, heat exchanger rating and checking as required for heat transfer equipment.
2. Determine materials, requirements, and fabrication methods for heat transfer equipment.
Type Equipment:
1. Shell and tube heat exchangers 2. Air - cooled heat exchangers 3. Double pipe heat exchangers
Usual Design Standards:
1. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 2. Tubular Exchanger manufacturers Association (TEMA) 3. Heat Exchanger Institute (HEI)
4. American Petroleum Institute (API)
