- SIMAK UI

ENGLISH TEST

General

Guidelines

ln.

Eiglish

T$t

vill

l$r

ysr

.bility in uid€Biandinq EnOtish sLtucluGs

.nd

Ed.g

!sxt!. h 6mploy!

a

nunbb chole

forml,

and lt takA 00

hlnolG

to do rhe

r*r.

Tn.

i.3l

@hpds

rwo iolowino

FlE:

L

PErt 1:40 numb€E ot

SlrucluE.nd

w'lltM

Etpdsior

2

P.n 2: 60 numbe6

ol\rodbul.ry.nd

R.adirg

ConpEh.n.ion

\tu

fisy

oh@

b

b€gin

wi(

on ANY

p.rl

For@ch nunbe': _tou

nayonlyohoos.ONEsnMr

Givi^O moe Uran on€

€nMrril

not giv€

you.ny

For4h

nuhb€i you _$rr

s€

bur possibre

rn.reB,

m.*.d

(4,

(B), (c) 6nd (0).

ch@. !!9

optih,

and

fl.n

on your ans@r sheet,

fnd

fl.

number of rhe

qu..llon

and

fiI

in lhe

lp€e

0Et

@riolpoid.

io the

htqoltt.an

e. y@ have

ch@n.

Fit in lh€ sp€c.

e

that the

t.ter iisil6

th. dmte

@not

b€

3sn.

ooao

lhs

quGtihs

aE gircn in 6

vai.ry

of

diildtty

t*ts,

You 3houtd try ro

ads*r

aI

ollh€m

..

heB

js _NO

PEMLTY to.

l.corcct

anse6.

oi6clioN

lor €€oh p.d of

lf€

iert wilr be

gt6

al Ihe b€giniing of €ach

p.rt.

r

you nnd a^

€ftr

i.

.ny

pnnbd

iFn

ol rh6 tEsr,

jBt

gue6! th6

ais*r

s5

b6r

a.,@

Hn

and @nljnue

-2.0.2-sEcTto

t

STRUCIUR€AND WRIIIEN

E('RESSIOII

ftB lelon

F

dsign

diotr@

E yoLr6o'ny tn re@gnte t.ngusg.

$.t

6

appipl.t€ fd slrnd.d

Mir.n

Engl'sh.

Thm

.c

@

ly@3 ot

qddl'ns

'^ his

*!ol i

h spei5

dEd;ns

ror

eqn

qpe.

pietbm:

Q6lions

_1-15

.e

_in@mptet€

3.iEne.

_Ben€arh

ech

*ds@

wu

sil

e

tour

md.

d

AdG,

mar*ed (a), {3,, rc). End

(ot

ch@so

r€

e!!

trrd

d

rhE$

rrd

bdt

6mpt€L€ or€

4^iene

'nEn, _on

tlor

aGw

_{sh6er, find he}

nuhb$

_ot

Oe

qu4ton

and

til

tn the

!ps6

tld

lo@pon&

to lh€ lederof

rh..hswyou

h

€

cr@.,

Flttn the

sp*

s

lnatth6 t€tror insld.

h.

mtcn

rb.

s*^.

Exanplet

s.npte^ftc

o@a@

.,.,.,a8

found in Mduatty €very

dnty

t.

,E

@rtd.

(A) sw.mp6 and

tu6h€s

*hrch

(B)

WEn

_{$amp6 dnd maEne.}

{C) SMmp6 and maFhes

(O)

NN

dlal

$mp.

and

ma6hs

the

seiten@

shdld

@4

'SMmp€ .nd maFhes a6 tound tn u.tualy ev€ry

@nty

in

tE mdd.,

]}r.EroE,

}!o

snoutd _{.h@ee ansrer} (c).

Exanplt

n

sotLABmr

@@oa

Milk is

Fst

uri€d

by heatiig it for hiny mhutes

€l

.b.ui

63'CendgEd., Epdry

@ting

il, and

rDn

,.,. . ir al

.

iempeBtu@ betow 10.

cenIq6d.,

Th.

$nr€ne

ihoutd

Eai,

'Milk b p€steurt ed by

hsrjng

it for

tlti!

ninuh

at

.b.ut

63!

C€ilit€d.,

Epidly

@liig

il, .nd rh€n siodng

it.t

s

tmp€Etuts

beto

10c cgndgEde,

ft6E

oB, you _shoud

N4

b.gln

s*

d

fE

q06lbns.

t,

Mo6t

suc*tulsci€ntiBb

aE

fl*dsb

llro

3.

Tne.btlty

ot@{boys in

$e

l€!

qtury

€n

s

bsy.nd th€ tucll rnd

_ about

_

a .!eer or

b@k

.

cot @utd

h..irl

0a

!e.El

pLriipl6s

ih.t

undedE

then.

sudiv.i

tor fte eany

*nl€c

i. tE

witd

weL

2.

Nol unlil

GE.dna

M@s

ihs

htuus

p€inld

z

Frnding it d n

3u1t

betwee. a

e@r

in

6l

pdmldE

arf

€ach€d

fE

ate or 76 law ard in n€dicino, F€tna m6E5d her t$o h.r !nhu6 d€pictions oi

esyday

life on

a

inl€esE

€id

d€dd6d to .tudy

toeist

(B)

ror annu.l mis Eljon

(c)

mig6tino eniually (D)

hef ainoalnig6tion

I

(A)

h.y

willsi@ 5 b€uer

petoman@

(B)

0lee *irl b€ E moE

€njoy.bl.

and anifials

_

rhey

.6

@s6ndy

(c) (E

pe.lorune

wirl bo hore

enjoysbl.

(3)

@n qreat

en*i

_as

(D) lh€

mE

@joyab e me

petomar@

(c)

islEalryrcrqned6

(A)

ar rhee

ws

$ill rshlins

(B)

bul frqhtinq sun frared

ut

(C) no flaE-ups ol lighling

l@d€d

iourbls fock lo r€ukdnhor

G.d.n l. rh.

NsfrEd5nds,

_

rls

tugnif@it

colortul

3.

Ca.adlan

9*q

_towamersourh€m

3.

Arlh@g h Ur e F ssidsnt of Mranm4 had

cgioB,

ten

dtacb*

|ne sky

i.

an

oderyV

ode.€da.i

fe,

_aton!

th.

boder

.

a,

Tho b€n6rF.ined rh€ do phim

atAnmra€,

9.

Eery spring

l@ta.@n

as hlremato.et

5

R5hlobsrs

.6in.uch

a

poturb.

otptanb

10.

_

p@vid€s a tivhg ior hattot

tle pept€

in

11 1.2!04, Ch'n€

mn

raiy_ai,wrn.dak

_{14 OudrE}

lh.

kt

b6.ge,

_{mosl ot}

NoinAturi€

.3

fus

madre by

tE

u

s.

_@s

MEd

_{by e}

w;r bbnt

_{t ol @,}

_

(a)

taieamwh

d€o@d

t'e Eani!

_ou"r

t;;;t

F;-m

(Bl

ic€muchnoE

_C5nrda

{!)

tvioaa

many

_0At

"t'eoo-orryn"a"r*Er

(o)

ire

(O

_ir

b.n

enonru!

Fshr

rEt

-(c)

,ls reisht or

'l.

eol@s

m$

or

e

i2._

oEh'd3 hare

rdg ben

a

pdebs

(Dl

_orshEh

dEsEhl is.tutl@dy

_h@v,

.rqon @mnEdit

ol lhaitEnd

(A)

l@sldngqotEbeaut

_{15. A}

b$rbelm

_ts

ii.elingt

u*d

_{h suEery}

(6)

r@er.d

bl

fw

e&ric

b€.ury

oo

n

hdusry_r,isiti

g@me

oiui;

i.

(c,

r

ney.B

E.rnng

rb

dda

Dety

_@auiEd

(o) lheks{olic

b..uty6nch

E@sur€d

(A)

sharry

(B) *he'

ds'

r3

_

fw

hamtutvirus

_{or b€ct}

Eto

(O

*nidBer

p.did€ immu.'ty ro

FrticuLr

o@$'

tDl wh@e,

{A)

Th€ pEpaatlon of

v@h€.

(B)

ln.l

w6n..

e

pEp@

(c)

\/!eh6

aE pEpaEd

(0) h

flepaniq

wqrn.e

Dia.lims:

l.

questids

16-40

e&h

senlen@ has tour und€nin€d

ed.

or

ph@'

fte

tou. und6rtin.d prrb orL''e

steje

@

mdked (a), (B), (c), and (D) rdentiry h6

!!e

u.de

hed

Frd

or

ph@

dEt mu.r

be cha.ged in

ods

tor lhe

aenle@

io be gEmmalically

@red

Th.n

on you.

arcrcr

sh6!

_{iind lhe} numbs of

fl.

qu€stion 5nd

ill

in the Bp€€

tEl

coresponds !o

tl6 LtLr

ol

the.n@r tlu

h*

chos.

S.npl.AI9€

oa@@

Mead

h*s.E.bout

tE

$h.

siz6

h.n

Eb n5.

-

-t)

'Ih.

_{sontdco should €3d.}

'ltaddladc

ae

_{aboul u1e}

sne

_sl2.

.s

_{Ebr'N, blt}

tl.y

_havo

h€vier

bodi.s, shon6 iail6, and lonqs brll6.'

nDEfoE,

yoo _shoud

cno@

ansr

(a).

when

MEll

Nori.

€Ged

lm6tu

. 6unw

sld

--r

----

---S mons WeiL, a E@ich exisienlialist

viiei

lhll@phy

e4l&I

her

cl.

ty in wdfng.

o@ao

Tns

snlsoe

should

@d,

'When

@Ell qpois ereed

imporE, s @unty is s.ld ti. haE a

tbde

suDloe.'ThercfoB, you ahould

choo* ansar

(C).

Nw

begin

wd.

on lhe queslons.

16.

Sck{ins.are

thal

uibn

n

c

can r€due

in. *ver

lv of colds bui nol

pB€rtion

o'e1@r.s

'e

_

---€hptu3ied

by slakeholdeE

orjF

tuc€live

p\amaceuii€l

businss.

17. was rcspeled as much

&lbcr

som&hal

1a ,ttdrd

ng lo tl'€

l4E!gd.hhent

rcgulalon. p6ple

{ho

ac

silr LsFs old,

€r.lv€rsumhs

''---

---19. Regord lune.up€ and

orrchang*.8

rmpoftnr ior

gc

p.fomane

of a car a.

!la!!!l

ro

1tsia.@

mav

'dne

bno tun

b

n*.iv.lu

.n.dr

$e

€r

3 €ng

r

20.

WIrlpg!

by 516.9

wlnd.

ih€ ulrdfiB

@ed

on $e mou.taln .lope.

!b!ed w[h

small vllages

AB

21

FsEd

0'lmnsEirnsinoo

_---r

-

oricsand

$eMv

,-_

h hamessino wind enercv

22.

h

a po l

el

ere.rion, the ooliticia n s adven sement on

p

me-lime (el4lsion is a _c!,]!jel

hctor

lhal

deremnho rhe oulcome ol lhe e e.rion for [recandidale

--eanomles, Eu@p€an

Union@untr6

are

26. Th 6 shipwreok or a BiiiGh sh ip

vqsbs!

ii

the hy walec ol canada s

No.lhred

PasaOe I 40

te3!!

ago, aas iound enrombed bene.lh sewn-toot-deep

$l

d ioe.

ta!l!e.1!l1894,

the exploitalon of shale

s.3

on y a ftaclion or i!9 boom l6vs s.

b st a standstill

b€€us.

pric.B h€v. drcpp€d lo

a!91o5r

or.r-e

bid<r5d

nj/

soJr\ra

ds

losaret

'esions belo€ w

{Er

*h

ir, pigeorsar€ also

abre

i'

odei l

llcIlqlv€s

in lhe sky by €ading lhe pGilion of lh€ 3u n .nd

lh.

slaB.

sedous y hju red by

!!!,2!

Malala, only fin€6n y6€B old, b€@m o ih€

svplel

or

@u896

and

mnvioton

*

a youns champion fdhund ror lhe ighl to €ducalion for all gids in Pakisbn.

BudaDest sllrid on bofl b. nks of _!19 Danu be River ls lamou6 lor !hCi! 6 p.s which d

w

Gl€ r

knM

AB

for iE nedidi^a p6pedi.3 from undercrcundlhermal6pdngs

AltroroF

-T

fie i*o

ol

her

rerorl!

casLal

---r

adr.hEd

.1

h€t

-

slml.

lh€y

rec

dsligtEd at€n

lh€/

une:oededrvm.r€.chorh€ron@mpusallhesame

uiteFryln

London.

bes w th

rsdd

6k n

-

_---rcrioious ntualE .nd fesl v l es

i.

lhe old oity of Lhasa

!!

23

Su riu. dioxrde _@4lsirEq in

tE

po uled an of lh€ cdnlry's nonh€rn rcsion

!

@Ni.tenlly

4e!t!re!

le n lim€s lhe level con sid€red €eE by inlemal

o.a

sla ndad.

ihbuohoutAd.

re€

mmorainino about

-

-?-24

rn ih6 l6re 20F cenrury GeneEl

rh€ ditrcully of

fulrq

qualil5ed

33.

OoclrB olrh€

f!tuE

wi lb€ sble

b

ce

lnslrum.nlel

g9!e!!analy.btrd$nh.lpul.n

AB

di.gnq* tD

di..ae

m@

a4lcts

and d4iid6 on the

t@ttno.t.

jlne€d.

@m

sh.lbw 5nd

gdelEe!€d

eqwaEl

wfFu!

Elt

sc

3..

roday

como'n*

dFt

5E

n:rkTrla

oi advdc€d toch.oLsy

4ssl

.!Fdm.i6 EjSe

tuuE

@nput€E

!l$!odt!!

to a 6n96 ol 3pok6n

wrd'

35. lt is

r'dl

nad

!h4

ihpGibb,

b$tla

bn

du

ls

!r.

rush

+E

or

rE

d.t

bolh mominss

!!-e!9!i!!9.

36.

geEE!!

2005

io

20 r 0, U.S. 3h61. _9a6 p@ucdon srcw .n

lllqli9iilq

a5%

.

rEr !I!!e!l cBtao

AB

tob€ diEdly

o

idir*lly

by lne hundr€& of

tp$g!!E

37

Sr?'ns

oftubenlosis hal ae

aes!!a!!.lb:

a

!!9{4

TB druss

'@nlly

t!4@

nd'e cbrd€d

srum6 of rndi., .nd

€used

s@ar aram io,

a!i+q!y

ootbEak or Ihe ord

dkeas

33. The rons*r oil pip.llne in

tE

turld

bes ins _!!t!hs oil fi.lds of

B.ka

n Azed.ijan 3 nd

!{BffE

to

tF

aouh

$&ras

cayhan,

ajgB

in

Tu*ay

CD

39,

Not.rl

--

of rh6 sun s u[€violei 6d]aijon

€n

r€ach the Eadh s

suftce

be€u*

lh6

@n.lay€r

n the anrosphee

&89.

p6lE

iion

sc@n

,10.

lllllEr

_h€Ew

pEs$efo!!.nimal-dghE

oQa.tsauons,

many26

saE

lr.n5tom€d

n

m

lEcno[

2

VOCAAULARYAI{D READING COXPREI{EII3IOX

Dhdon.:

l.thb6.cijon

you

litt@d

*veEtp8s.€g€s.

_Each

pasosi.lol

_{Ed byque6tDn6 about}

il

ch*€

rh€ one b€6t

an.rer,

(A), (3), (c), of (D), ro.

soh

que.tion, Then,

o

your

snsw

lheet,

i.d

th€ numb€r ol lh€

q@lion

and

fll

ln lhe

dal

lhat

@sponds

to

1. leter ot your

an*r

chois.

AnMr

3ll

qu$lioB

b.sed on what b stated or lmptisd in th3

p#g6.

R..d

lh.

loll4ing

9.eag..

An€wh€a

ngddi€isn

.v.ihble

forse

headngjmpaired peopl€. This

ddi€

u6.

naonel lo hold

tE

debchable

eund-pt@ssing

ponion in

plae.

Like oths sids, it

@Mdr

wnd

inio v b6rlons. Bot it is u iique in lhat it

dn

tEnsmit lh€ vibEoons dnedy io

tle

magnet and

tlei

L,r€

b

lh€ in n€r

€.r

Thi. produces a cleaEr soond.

Ihe

n4

ddice

w

i

nor h€lp all

O

heating-imp€n€d p@pl€, only

lh$.sith

a

h..

n9l€

caused by inf€.tbn

d

eo@otherprcbtem

in lne hiddle

€r

lr wil prob.bly h€lp no

mm

rh.n 20 pe@nt ot att p€opt€ _{wih h@nng pobt€me.}

ftd.

p6pr6 hower,

wno

h*

peGtsient

€r

_iinedions shoutd find €tiei

&d e.toEd

henng

E

dat:

whsr

isu€

€urhofs h6in

puDoB6?

o a o o

{4loda*

be 3

ns

c!€

tu

e..

inrecljon6 {B) lo inrom

it6

r.ads

ol

. n4

d€vie

(C) to urge dock'rs io use a

n*

deVG

(o) io axplaln lhe use ol

.

magiel

The

€ldDls

main

pury.*

is lo inlom tho

Bsdd

of.

n€w d6vle lor h@ri.g,impsircd

pepl6

Ir'eeroe,

you 6hould

.h@*

EnMr

(B).

E

anFbn:

s

pr.Anl*r

a@oo

(o)

E.E

ion

The pnEse

"le$

distess" is slmila. in m@nhg

io'EIer

h tltb

sn!e@.

ThefoE

'€u

shou d

choee

.nM,(A)

It rs the naturc ol yodh io neke a €cket. Th s happeB reltabty in

Nry

Yod ctty

*ry

rekd.y

b€rw€€n rwo .nd th E6 in rh€

.n

moon L wh€n *hoor ret6 oul T€en€g.B

sp

o.to the

sid*.tk

and

d.sid

b.low gbund into th€

subw.,

wh.E

having ro@^ed lheir unitoms

aid

sh€d

d@rum.

r,,r

d16y

@py

ths

siBMs+houl

ng, nill ng, 5.gulng,

ejoring

cn&king in, cheking out They.ing th6 ,nl 6ons ol

th.m$lv6s,

loudly'

jubibnl[

lo

.

'h/tlm

flal

onry mey

€n

ho.r

ln r,h€ coming d5ys, th6

rb.&

.nd

l

n s n _{.nd @u} nd the

oit

witl

.xpeiene

a

stfiita

MsiElion, fom p€dodielci@da.. For

8w€ncrn

ye.6, juvenlres _{of th@ sp€ci.s}

oftE

_{genus Magicisd€ hav.} be6n undeBbuid, 6lpphg on

@!eb

and quiety g@ing. when th€

$ir@ches

tts

nghnampeEtuF

A4 d6g@s F, measurcd eighl indEs

drlhey

wil

€m.lg.

in dsa.r,sh,rg numb€c, mo[, c imb into ltol th€

l@s,

.nd, lor lhe cmsining

rh@

reeks or

$

of rh€ir

liv*,

sl|s

a.

exckeleiln-Gning

chotos. P.riodtc€l oi@d5s

a6

distinct lFm lhe

sp*i€s

lh8t emaE.

.nnualt,

ii

tar

6s.

numb€B, and ring

in

lh.

dog days ol

sudher

_OheE aG

*ven

Magioi€d5

sp4i4

in all, iour ot rhioh

s6lg6,

€rery

$inen

FEB,

in lh€ SoutEm .nd MidresGm

sbts)

fte

e.on

l

ihe loig life cycla b

tl.

subj€ct

.l

d€hate, bur the poinr ot the din b

cle.r

to

6od

.nd maie and

e

slad th. p6dod

an

.

(t5)

The €ck€r @mea fEm rhe m.l€€. Each

sin$

by Eptd ry cllckiig E ponion ol h b abdomen

i. aid

aol, as

o.e

mlght dick

.nd

unclick an emply soda

€n,

He

a(e6

i6

sh€p6 and

pelioi

io make

fic

feqlency

fl*

and f.n, and

b€€u*

hir abdomen i. moslt

hollo{

ir €ciE

s

5

Gson.ne

chanberthat

.mp

tfie

rho sound €nd

brc.d€.G

it ior som€ dist nce.

(credas

can rclax and

d4en6itre

their audilory organs,

$

lhcy don t deat€n

tr€msolvs.)

Th€ qu.lily or

th.

song

wdes

amonq 3p€cie.j

(?olsom€ _{d@das ln Sodhea6trcia prcdue'sp€olacularly musi€l sons. Wrh moe r!@ ton€s}

emdd

ftecuencies, snd

ham6i6,'

David Ma6hall. a

ci€da

E*rch€r.t

rhe unrveGity of connstiout, in Slors, told de. ' rheE a@

ede

01at sound like _bnds *lreEas ou 6 .r€ moE Octinq, arthoug h

$m.

nake a plea$nt 5!rupy drcne.'

Ne* York

.

.4enieen

y@r brood, kn@n

b

scle.tists as BEod ll, exl€n& nom conneclicul io

i25)

G{rsia

and has beei eoeainq soulh ol he@ for a @upl€ ot

reks

5

€.dJ.

M.Ehan was on his

c.ll

phone. in rhe passenqs seat ol a

€r

ii

Erkin, Nor$ caDlina.

ne4lie

south€m llmit

doE

eme€en€;

John coo ey,. correago.,

ms

davhg.

v/er6

ddving

a6hd lith ourwi.dM

open tislening,'Ma€ha 8.id. The

$Be seveniseFy*r speci*

.en

t €quarry ,Drrdant everyvyhec, and lh€ €3earche6

ae

inle€sied in, among oiner

fin$,

chaninq their

e.pe.tive

distribulions,

b

r.sl

id€$

about

cl€da

l30J

@logy

and dolulion. Ov€. lh€

p..i

l€n

y€.6,

M.tsh.n and his

rile,

Kadry Hill, haw

E6ded

mcl

olthe ci€das ol €a.iem Nonh Ameica,

6

ren a. maiy south-vestem sp€cies, and mad. ue 6ong5 availabLe od $6n web .he,

iiseldng6c.@m

'we

e

using

tDh

souid3 to ltill u5 shlch speoies a@

plent,

8nd senins

.ut o@eioiallx

tuking @rrecl ons ior DNAseqlencing,'ha &rd. slidying pedodi@r oi@des $und€d a lor like

.

rcad 135)up, m nos rhe 61

3iem.

v/6 €jusl

dnving .rcund in in.

er

a rol p@tly much arl day trcm nine in

rh.

momino

untilfl.

sun gooB

ddn,' M.Eh.llsd.

Th6n

re

will

.E6h

at a

€mpgound

and hav6

dinn.r

P€iodics

.i@ds

don t hsr all lhat long *hsn lh€y @mE ouq _,ou onry hare a rew

@k5

to

salh€r

sl

dre _{infomation )ou}

€n.'

4l

AMding

to

lh.

p8ssag., whal i5 NOT

tuo

8b.ut Nry Yod C lY voulh?

(a)

rhey

cEv..n€nton

5.d @mplimsnE

fomlheirsurcuidings

(B)

when $ey

a€

ioo.rher lney iend rc m.k€

. g@l

din.

(c)

Th€y I ks ro flin

lih

oi6

anoth€i and lalk (D) rhey

iede

.nd ch.ner

in.

m.nner ihar

o.ly

'lsy

can und.ctand.

42.

A@dins

to th€

p*ss€,

*h.r

is rh€ simiradlv

bet*cen

N4Yo

clly leenageB and

(A)

TlDy bo$ lik€ lo m6k. nois6.

(B) In.y cr€le

a @nprex !€t fielodiols din.

(c)

only lhe males in _{bolh sroops make} a

a3, which ol!1o

fol

ing

Mrds

@utd b.Bt

substitulE rhe

rod

'.sto.6hino'

'n

I ne 9?

(4

suDisns

/14.

mat

_{b he} pu@o5€ _of

tE

pe

odictci*d..'

(4

Io

!nl.*h

the 6neEy k€pi dudiq

(B)

To allbct the oppositE

3d

ln order lE

{C) To night€n predatoE and keop

lhfl

ai (D) To ler ouler oicada6

ki

lhetreEcr

45,

Adq

ae

chsEciedsti6 of ledodimt

cleds.. ExcEPt

(a)

They

gw

bd@

_lhe grcund tor

veG.

{3)

Ihey _9o our on Ine gEund h

i.r!€

(C) They go out

dory

y€ar in the

summr

to

(o)

They dte afrer abour

hE.

@ks

on the

/ta. _whEt

en

_{bo inlered aboul}

gde

ctcad*

_in

Soutestrs:a

and lhose in

Nk

yodc

{4

tne

bmff

atay _{und€Abund tongd}

hai

(B)

Boln

pbdue

.qualy lood and

pt6a$.t

(c)

rhe

romd

nake

froE

nejodious

.nd

(D)

Nerlher of the Mo sDectes

en

3o!rd tika

a?.

wltlch ot lh€

eds

bdq

h6

_{th. opposib}

tEhho

to

lto

rc.d

.sbundant" _{in tiie 23?}

,13. _lr

on

b.

_{inlerod fiom pa€sEph}

tou,

rh.t

(A)

the

t

ro.

€.earche6

ac

n

Nodl

Cabrin5bsus€

Ittheorgha

tocation _{ol peiodi@t c@das.}

(B)

_{MaEha[, HiI} End cootgy hare b€en

lollowing lho tib of

p€ndi€t

cisd..

lor moE than a

d@de.

(c)

tE

sote pu'pose ot rhe

c*arch

is io

map Ihe disfibltions ot pe.iodi€t

oi*da6

in Notfi

Andic.

(o)

De

G€archec

h€ve been iravetins

&ulh

of

N@to

!o und*rEnd lhe poriodtc.t

ciedas

b€n€r

40

w

h sh ch of

fE

rolosng

6!abh.nb

_@utd

hs

surhor _{pEb€bty aO@?}

(A)

Pedod@rdedas slay unde'srcund _ior

ifi*n

y..ts

beroe lh€y

.krt

mErno.

(a)

Reguar non,p€n d

€lci€das

aDF.i

aniually md

tEdue

their

$ngs

in lhe (C)

Sortho..tAda.i6das

_{can atso b6 iound}

hlbenadns

h

N

york _{in the}

sinbr

(D)

Nw

Yo* peiodt€tcicadas _make s@eter end moE

trupy

enss

in.n

U@ €bedEm

50

Acadhg

to rhe

p€ei.ge

khydo Mauhau

and his spouse @ttcd v.nous

ci*das

(A) Io

idenljt and m.p ihe

prcsei€

or a

sFcle.

ol

ciedas

(3)

To

!u6ue

a hobby

aid

ro sh@

tEn

bv.

foi the

iEect

(c)

To id.n0ry

ci*dar'

DNA rhbush rhe songs lhey @ord€d

(D) To smnge

h$e

&ngs io. difioEht

nusid

ihstlmenb

h his hauqu6l

addc$

in 1949 H.rry S. Ttomai .aid

thal'noe

than haltlhe peop e

ii

n€

rcdd

.E

living in oondltions

app@chhq

nBery

For lhe

fict

lime in history, hum.nity

p.s*s

ft6

knod.dge and skilL to

clie€

the sui'eriio ol those

peple.'

h has

Lk6.

much longer lh.n TrumEn

rrE

hop.d, but lhe

srld

has lately

ben

maklns

€naodinary prcgre*

in lning

psple

out of

exlEm.

(5)

poverlr Belv@n 1990 and 201 0 $en nu mber fel by h8lf 5s a sh.E of th€ totsl popul.rion in d€v. oping

@u.ltles, lrcm ,13% _{io 21ed-a} reduclion of a most

I

billion p€ople.

Nw

!.e

w.rd

has a

sious

chsnce to red€.m Trum.n's p edge ro m tne

le4l

iotunale.

ol

the 7

billion

pepls

alive

oi

ihe planer 1 .1 billion subsEr

bdM

fE

inrenadonany

aepted

exlreme-poveny

lii6

ol0S$1.25

s

datr Sading lhls

w*k

and @ntiiunO over

$e

^exl

yeror

so, pol(ici.ns and

tlo)

offcrab

lEm

gffimmsnls a.d

hiemrtonal

agencis wi I meet lo

dr*

up

.

n*

isl of

taaob

b

FprG

rh€ Mill.nd

ud

D4elopnent Go.b (MDcs), rlrr/cn

reE

*t

in s.piEmbd 2000 and expiE n 2015.

Gftmm€ds

should adopr

.r

lheir m.in

n4

go.r rh€

.im

ot rcducing by another b llion lhe numbd ol

pffple

in exteme poredy by 2030.

Nobody in the ddeloped

mnd

6m.s

rcmotely cose lo lho

p@ny ldel

that US$1.25 a day

lr)

Ep@€nb

turei€

s p@rty llne is

ust63 .

d.y

bl

5 hmily of four

li

rh€ dch€r

FlE

ol fle emerging

eoddUSl,1€dayisthep.wrtybarderBulpoveny3surcebn€dstb€l

USi1.25

P@pebdd

(hat r€vel

ii€

lt6

lhal are

pm':

nasty, brutsh and ehor. 'Iney

l#k

not jusr

.dueiion,

healtl

€8,

prcpd clotin g and shelie': Mllch most people ln most ot lhe

w

d take tor gEnt€d, bul

den

enough tood tor physi€l and menial he.llh. Raising

pspl6 5b@ th.l ld€l

of relch€dness is nol a suUtclent l?oJ .m bilion lor a prcs peous planel but il b a ne@ssa _ry

o.e.

PNny

€les

staded !o collrpse lowads

lh.

€nd ol the 20lh @ntury laEely beeuse

dewloping-6unfy g@rh a@le€led,

lrd

an

a€Ege.nnu.l

Eie

of 4.3% in 1960-2000 io 6% in 2000-10. A@und nvo-lhids ol powny €ductioi

filhin

a cdu^lry

6m*

nom gbMn. GEaiE.€qually

6l$

he ps, @ntribuling lhe olhs lh rd. Ch na is respons ble forth€e-quadeF ol be qlob.lachid€menl in povedy

i25) reduclion, ll3

@nomy

h6s

bsn srwins

so tast lhal, ewn

tDuqh

nequa ily is rising

bsl

enrcmo

Dovedy rs

dr*pp€.

ng.chlnapuled630nill6npeopleoulormlseryin1931-20r0,.ndrcducedits

exteme-pov.riy Et6 frcm 3!% in 19€o ro 10%

nd.

Thal

.

on€ rc5.on why it

fill

be hader to l?ke a binbn moE

ped€

out ol exlreme poveny n

fie

nen20ye6Elhsnilmsiotakeal6clabrllionoutlnlhepagl20

PooErgoreman@ nlndiaand t3o)Arde, rh. nan nvo largels, neans t]1al china3 exp€ en@ is unlik€ly

l!

b€

*ifrly

replicated the@.

Anoher

rc$on

s lhat lho bae a.hlryemenl ol pu Ling

psple

Nr

lhe

us$1.2tajay

llne

hd

been

El.liv€ly €.sy in

tlo

past

ts

yeats

b*aus.

$

many

p6ple

re@ just below

il

when gb$'lh

make

rhem

d€n

slighlly be$e. ol1, n hau rs lh€m d€ r ih€ I ne. wilh terer peop e r !61

bdd

the

ofEia

tis.ry

limit,itwillbemo@dtfrc![iopGhl.tgenumbeGover

t.

l35l

lfdewlopiis euntr

$

m.inbin fi€

ihpcsiv.

Or@th lhey haw m€mgad sin€ 2000r ir d1e

p.o@t

@unlries ae nol en b.hind by fasle.-g@ino middie-iiom€

on6i

8nd if inequalily dGs notwlde^ 3o

fiar lhe

ii.h

rap

!p

.rr the

crem

ol

srorlh-lhen

d€veloing @unti6s wou d cut exteme povedy trom

16% ol b€ir popularions

nd

lo 3% by 2030.

Thatrcdd

rcduoe lne absolole numbeG by 1 bi rion. Thal

is a lot ol rs. Bur msking rhose thi.ss happen 6 not.s dimcu[ as cyr ca prciess. The wodd

nM

knM

t0Jh

to educe poveny.

51

Why doe. lh€ sufior open the passage with

.

quolEr on

fbm

Hary s. Ttoman?

(A)

To

intoduce.€deE b

ine bpio ot the

(B)

lo

sh5€ Truhan s vlslon

lo.Edi€ts

dreme

pryeny.

{c)

ro halp rc3d6F uid€Eland

M

€nnium Developm.nl

Gsls.

(D) To

shde*

Ihe

bd

anl ide. ol th6 tomEr U s Pregid€nt HsrY S

52.

A@dinq

!r lhe p.ss.g6, th€

toll*ins

statemenrs .bou! .xlr€m6 povedy are lrue

{a) Aolnd

r 5% ol lh€ wodd s populalions v€ eith l€ss th.n US$1.25 a daY

(a)

Within two deades, lhe

soid

h.s

decGas€d rh€ Er€ ot gxlrcde

pdedy

by

noE

than 2o%.

(c)

Extremg

pd€.ly

is alnost non'dlBl€nt

h

de@lop ng @ont

4.

53. The

@d

\hich

inrinell

rct6B to

(A)

pollicrans End offcia

s

(c)

iniendronsras€ncres

(D)

Mil.nnluh

D*lopment

G@ts 5a. Wn€re in

$6 pa.eoe

doe!

lh€.ulror

de{nbe

fte

liv$

led by peopts tiving

i.

55.

A@ding

ic

tle

passage, renucing exirem. pow,ty in rhe

Bt

lko

rt@d.s

6 gotio ro be

(A) tle

mdd!

@nony

has not

b6n

ortuho

a3 h3t

.s

in tirle

Esl

l*!

(B)

lleE

EE

fw

peopr6 _{who tiE} ju6r _und.r

lhe extrcm. povedy tine.

(C) the _ddeloping

mdd

do*

rct

he

tE

Eeures

ied€d

io b€Se .xlr€m6 {O} lndi€ .nd

entrGs

and

Afde

ME

ac@unr.bl€ govehmenrs.

56.

Th6Mrd'iere

i.

tin. 16

6utd

best b6

EPI@d

by ehtch ol ihe

follding?

Ac@ding io lh6

pas*ge,

chins

(A)

hEs.n lmporEnt rcle

ii

redlcins the

Bh

of

eneme

poveny in

'ls

wid

(a)

needB io

tur'ls

ihp@

is

efortr to eEdicate

e{refi6 pdeiy

tn

tE

(c)

h*

man6

{@s.tut

effolE

b

redo.o

dle@

ituome

iieq@lil]l

(0)

h:s Irken

ooB

han one nittion p.opte

out ol dtreme poredy In

le$

thsn

.

The

icllwng aeques[ons

l.luep€s*g6

(A)

Wly has

chin.

been

su@*tuI

in Educhg ih€ r.re of exfioms

pov.iy

in Wh€n

do6

the

srtd

s

exirso

pd€ny

cte

sl.n

b de@s€ signifeniy?

whal is th6 poverty rab

fd

a

t

hly

or four Vlho ie lhe

!6pn

Ind insp Es lhe

edd

lo sel Minennium _{Oevelopn€nr Goat!?}

5S. Whi.h or

tle

mds

adry

has the opposit€

m€aninO

b

Ine

md

'mtse4a in tire 33?

60 The auhofs arnMe

rd.rd

the @dds g@t tr,

Edue

powty

's geneEly

(B)

(c)

(D)

On Msrch 11

2011,.

m.gnltud€ 9.0

lndsea

eanhquake

@ured

43

mtts

ofi the shore ot

Jap6n. The eannquake geneEied

a.

unexp&ledly m5ssiv€ iEunaml lhal Mshed ryer essrem Jspan

rcuqhly 30

mhlies laiei

k

iiq

noe

than 15,300 p€ople and inllnng

ture

'ran

6,100. MoG

fEn

t/@ 2,600

peple

ae

sdll una@unled

for

Nov(

Mpubr

simul.rions by dantord $ientisls

rewd

that

19

eund

waves ln th€

&€n

prcdu@d by

fie

€nhqu*6

pEbably Eached laid

tss

or minutes b€lbE

tE

lsu.ami. It corectly iitsDreied, ther

6uld

h.ve ofie€d

.

wamrng lhat a

lalle

lsunami was on lh€

Although vadous syslefrs

€i

decclunde665

€.nhquak6,

oey @n t €riab y lerlwhich

wi fom

acun.miorprcdic{flesizeoilheware

Th€€.8

@an-based ddlce6 that @n

sei*

an on@ming

ato)

ilon.mi,

but ihey typielly pbv de only a

f4

minuEs of adwnca Mmlng. Be€use

tE

sound nbm a

sismic

erent

rill r€ch

la.d

{el

beftre

tle Mter

ilself, lhe

Gwrch€E

sugg€sr rh.r rd€n0tlng rhe

speilic

acoustic siqnatuc ol

tsu.anl{eiedl

i9

.adhquEkes

edd

led

io s

hst.F.cling

wamlno

sFt3d

for ffsssive &unamis.

'The

fidiig

Ms

_{sonethlng ot a}

sulp

_{se. The 4dhquak6 5}

€pic.niE

_had

bsh

_{lEced to lhe}

(5/

undeMtd

J6p.n T€nch,

.

sobduclioi zoi6 sboul 40

mil$

€53t of Tohoku, r,he nonheasle

h

eglon

ofJapan'a l.Eer island. Based on €xisling

kn

l€dgeof*nhquak6lnlhisa€a,*i.nologislspuzrdd

der

why lhe eadquake rupturg p6p6gried lrom rhe unde4ound hult all the @y up to lh€ s€ail@i

@fis

a masslve upMrd thrust

rh.t

esolr€d

h

bo tsunani. Di€ot obs€frslions ot lh€ fau r

reE

s@r@.

e

Erlc ounh.m, an

.s.larrnr

pbf6sr

ol geophtsics in dls school ol Eadh sc

€n*s,

and

40J JeBmy Kozdon,

.

pmidocror.l

r*earchersolklng

wlth

ounhan,

b€gan

usng

th€ clusr€r of supe@mputeE at stanlod

.

c€nler lor

cdputaiiond

Eanh and EnviEnm€nLl sc €nc. (cEEs) io sinLlaE h@ t5e trenoG noved UrcLglll^€

ctoi

end

Mar.

The

res€rhets

built a

high+$Lutio.

node lhat inoolpo€iEd lh6

kndn

g€ologic l€.ru E3 of lh€

J6p€n TBnoh and used CEES slmulatiois !o idediry possibls €anhquak€ ruptuB hbtod€e @mprtiD/€

frs) vith lh€ €vailable

dslr.

Rel@ctivet, the dod€ls

aqEldy

prediorsd th6 s6anoor

uplifi.6.n

in ihe

eadhquake, yhich is

dr€c[y

rcrared tn r.udami

w

heighE, and arso simulstod sound

we

lh.t

ptupag.ied w hh

tE

oean. rn addldon L v.ru.ble nsEhr rnro lhe

eishid

senlE as they

likely@umd

dudng tne 2011

€.ftquake,

lhe

€*rche6

identired in€ specrllr 1laurt@nditids neGsary rbr ruptur€s

t

reach in 6

s.aflor

and

c€.t

laEe isun.mls. Th€ mod€r abo qene€led actuslic dala: an inEresling

l30l Bvelalion of rhe simr lalion w.s th.t l3u ndmigen ic

auliae-b€hnq

tuptuE.,

ike

tE

2ol1 €dhquskE prcdue hiqhd 6mp1[ude

ocsn

aco$rlc

wav$

th.n

t\M

rh.l do dol The noder .ho@d h@ thoss

sound saves

Mdd

h

e r€veled rhotrqh th6 Mrer and indi@led

tlat

they eached shore

15lo20

mlnur*

befo€ rh€ Eun.mi.

Dunh.m

.nd Kddon

polnt€d out rh6t idenltfying € Eunam sig.atuG doesnlmmplsis th€

w.mho

rr5) sysl€F.

UteMt€'m'@phore

@lled hydlphones

@dd

re€d lo be deployed

ol

th€ s6aioor or o1

buoys to d€rEct rte

sgnal whcSmuld

'ten

ne.d to be analrzed io

@1fT

a tt'eat, bolt

o'wicn

could b€

Giy'

PolLcym6ke6 muld also ieed lo

wl

wih scieilisls to

eule

on

fie

d€g@ ot @dainly n€€d€d b€toc pulling lhe alam. ll

tlse

pohls can be

Mded

out, thouqh, lhe G<bnique could helF

pEvide pEcious

dinut*

tor

a.

ewcoat

o..

61

whidh oi ihe f.lowlno

Muld

tMl

lik.ly b€ the

msin id€a ot lhe snliE pasage?

(A)

CEES shurallon.

ilu.lraE

lh€

fom.tion

ot

.

m$siv€ tsunsmi

ii

J.P6n.

(B)

Earthquake

aoust

c

€n

Jddicaie ll a m..eive teunami iF .bout lo h.ppen.

(c) ocsn-b.s.d

dovic6s

Ec

io

roiger

.*d€d

b doiaclondec€

@rdiq0rk*.

(D)

sLnfod

scl€ntists inwsrigal€d why E

g@l

bu namr ha ppen€d ln

J.pa.

rn

62.

Aed

ng lo lhe

pasgo,

whilh ol ih€

lollw

n9 ie TRuE .bout lhe 2011 e.nhquak€ in Japan?

(A)

rt

oeurcd

isr

lh€ shoG ol J.p€n.

(B)

lt happ.n.d in the middlo ol rhe nighl.

(c)

MoE than 20,000

pspre

be€me vlcllms,

66.

lhe

hd

'thry'h

line 6

€fe€

lo

Adding

iD the passsg€, *hioh ol lh€

folNinq

ls NOT the shortcofring

of

other

und€B€.

(A)

Ihey

ac extere

y

erp.nsirc

_and

drffdrt

(B)

Thsy

*n

ont

_siw

sdminui..

or

*dy

Which

of lhe

tolldig

b€Bt

expEs$s

th6 oppo.ite

menliq

ol

tE

Nrd

'@mpaubte' in

line21?

Tne aolhor

suld

probably u.e oa ihe

follohg

Mds

to

d@ib€

CEES elmuralons

Th€

pE*g.

muld

pobabv

bc.

prd or

ai

a5.ign6d

F.ding

ln rhlch ot the iolbwing

A@ding

io lne

pasOe,

ehich ot h€

fottod.!

is NOT n€6d.d io @mpleie n€

Mmhg

syEr.m?

(A)

ln.rarrrentothrdDphoE

on

tE

ear@t

(B)

a @naboatioi

b.twM

policyn.GF

aid

(C)

€dyeeadon

rEinins rorrh.

b€rpepre

(D)

.n.lyslsol.lgnalslbnnlehydbphoe.

(c)

(D)

They

.c

un.b € lo p@ide

infomlio.

aboul

tl.

!'i4

0f th€

wEE'

They €nnot

@uEtdy

pEdld wnich

e.lhquake6 wl I

€@

Lu.amb.

Th6

rcrd 'puzl6d'

in

lin€ 16

i.

clo.€.i

in

rl

en

b€ hiened nom p€6q6ph 4 that

eond

(A)

_se@Flly each

tF

shore as

l6t

as

(B)

_do

mrtavd

@iinolsh

Mi$

in he

o@n.

(C) w lr b6 slo*6r ir $r.

und.@.

_@nhquake.

(O) give valu.bl€ d.ia lor

d&uation if

aial'2ed and

u*d rell.

,

A numbs ol studl€s have

Ev4

ed thst

wha

re

suff€r

fbm

edain

psychotogis

.i meils_

ld6liress.ecia'isolslion s.lfdoubl

nelau€trodd

srdll€r*t'.alrtLtisdcani

tssjosbto:

*n

ad a5 a @pins

r€.n.1Em.

srcF .nmerb

e.

eus6 trE m'nd lo s'fr rhEush ,B

€ci€

oi

returi;

!h.sunrcinguphosowlh.p.dcrl$rr.lwsiglaluc.R€sset^eGadEedhundrc&otnosbtoi.

{t

'th.

adunir

and

fout

tral lley lyp

e

y

€atuedrbm'}.nd

raendr a

Toheito,s.,elr

o.

orel

bo'fl.

padicipant

d@

bing th€ memory was

ahost

al*€ys lhe prchgonisr, and the

iamtive

arc

!s

g€r€E

v

or

ot

rcdemplor

d

nBr. cond'ions

ray

h€v..eetred

_snF or

hope'*,

bJr €vertJalv thhgs

*rc

's

red

r

.

lavorabte

end'.q

-1ou9h .oststgE,

tt

164rrB

cta

reo,

re

bl 10 b6ci

io

th.

suta@ evldene ol

p6l li!frphs

and c os6 rolaiomh _Ds I hos when

oq

tives t€tr sare and To irruniiale ioslalgia s ole asar

e

oiionalbufft, clay Rou0edge,3 psychotogist and nGhrgta

G6Ede.at

Norih oakoh slale uilve6ily, and

or\€rc4Ghe6

atemphd !o d4lrbitzetheksubjecb

s€ns.

of$f.

Psdioip€nlsi@k t€sts th€t@uH b€ oll€ctivery cha€otedzed Es p€rlhotog

€tt

disbolbd,l

p./om

ng

n6lt

in orblic cad'ng

€n€*ydegn€dbprcwred

{€1u.ta^giL

ar

be

Tbtd

thar

i'5)

$ff

sns@E01.p.Mn.lityBuru.y

ndr.redrh.r'@Lrdrikety.norpatorea;ouid€d

ti.oreor

ue

€xpenmenb,

tE

subirb

who had been made to

l*l

insignilicant or

dstin€d

ior abandonment

epoied

lee h0

srq.n€dt

moE nosialgic than ftoso vho h.dn L rn oth$

studi*,

panbtpaiE

re€

pbmpied io €vok€ a nosra gic m.mory bero€ or just an€r h.ving their

sens

of se I assaited.

Th.

subj€oc sho indu g€d

in.

nostrgic

Emhr@nce €p.nen tu.Ing

sto.ilt€nlt

€sa

6lr6*d,

toss

l2r)

d€tgnsi€

and

noB

s@i€lly suppod.d . nd @nt.nt than iheir non-nosta _{b ic}

@unlsa.ds

Thar nosralgi€ @uld b€ € 3ourc€ of m€ntat

Elienoe

and moliv.0on

diredt

ch.I.noee oeftain

cr

t6'

noion ot

tE

sentjmmt 3s paE[z ng,

.

hatbr.ger of

4huEl

srag naljon, ,tt is _exac y in€ oppo.ite," Conslsntine Sedikidss, s psychologist and noairlgia expen al

$e

Unive6iv of Souhamoron, .aid, 'Wh€n )ou

bemo

n6rdgic, you dont b€com€

past{

enGd. You mnr to go _{out t5ere and do rhtn$."}

125) ll dr€E is s

pcr€r

popu sdon ior norElgi. B $lf-rcguratory erects, ir is China'e pGt+iohties

sholl

Ag lho nal on s

f6t

genoEtion of only chi

dBn-Chin.

jmiitiled [s

one{h ld po]icy tn

1s79-tE

p*t-eiqhies are p€d sposed lo loneliness They Qmo of 5ge in L ndeh qith c hina! tEns I on to a morc ma*er

ba*d

econonx a raielLr sto<e or [m 19 hrcugh

wr'cl rh.r

wT

enli.Gd

*

'nhtlnt

ry

f.llbdea

bslcd

sih

defn'Iwla!

rears b

b€ boh modem and cFinese

wr'b

rher

preli

(30/

@ived sLl...ppoint

_{d faclorytobs and} gdemfieit-subsidlz6d houeino

tleyreE

en@u;qed lo

puEue lhen dE.ms amidei 3 iuclualno

$t

al sttuctuG with f€w dsfined paths.

\N

m

fref

rare Menr es or

4rry $id

s

he

posl€ight

4

.rc ry

1q lo ravisare

.

deeotate _lob

mad\el

ofr..

as

$e

sle

nda.<

6

prfr _{dets LJ}

bof

hen

cnidGl

ard

hen

parcr

(.s

'i

ct-'fu s

cu.ion)

Many len

,]er tod

honeioris

torho more pEsp€rcus cilre. only lo lboe ytcjols 6mp€tition

p5/ lq

srce

vhlie{ond

job6.

Io

vre ior

sart

podoliois,

lh6y

ml{

E €ven-hou days and

€.g.ge

in

brurar

ofre

pol(ics. _Add

b

an of

hb

_udan

orercwd

ng, unpr@dgnt d

polrlion

and a

barc!€

of f@da€f€ry

*nd5b

€nd

fl.

Esu[ing

stE* p@nb

an o.staught of nBElgta s

ktlM

pstrhobgiet

rrigg€E. xinyue

zhou,.

psychologist.r sun

Y.t-*h

LhteFily,

in Guangzhou, whose rcseardl has

d€mn.rr.Ed nsblgia

s ability lo bol5iEr

.

$nsa

of .@ht

coi.edednss

€hong a

divek

crcss-1i0)

wionofCh

rs.cit@m

ssd 'Th6rncec'nry,$e ackol@1lrc.oe-oL.t'v.s

6mostutsEd.

io lh€

p..r*

ghrcs,

$ m

h.v.

lo

sek enl'maron

lroh lhe p€5t.

71. What is rh6 m.in rd€. ol the p65.ag€?

(A)

NGtag a imp€dds dd€lopmonl and

cr€lae

4rlural slagiaiion.

(B)

R$*rh

h.s

shNn

rhat noeiarsra is an indulgenoe torlhe lbeblo fr inded.

(c)

rhe@

ae

a vadety ot rcasons wlrich

m€k€ nostdg

.

b.n€fci.r ro

hlmais

(D) vadous {ruotu ral changes h99€@d a

s€n96 of lon€lin.Bs ln posr€ighi€8

72.

A@rdhg

lo rh€

p3*ge,

Ue

iottaing

elalements aboul nosl€lgi€

.E

iru€ ExcEPT

(A)

P€ople i.nd io be norc nosElgic when th€y

p.Gire

themserves as

(B)

Wh€n p€opl.

ae

reh nlso.s,

th.y

alwdys

$€

lh€mserv* a6 lhe Ml

ai.s

(c) whe.

peopls _{€B ndialgic,}

I

d*s

n€mssadly

m*n

lhat lhey

aE

(D)

Noslalgia @n

cEst.3

s.me ol

oder

eGty

in people

lilh @n

n

Vlhich ol lhe rolltuing @rds cou d

bst

subsrrtuI.rheMrd'diabori€r

inrin.r3,

vvhat is the fnding of Roudedge and

coll*gue6

6ludy oh nosirlgia?

(A)

Noslalsicemlnlsei@wirlonlyb

no pos liy€ €ft€cL on qedatrics.

(B)

Peop e

*ho

und€rcodEbollcal

exPe ence l€.d to tue insignifi@nt

(C)

P€opl. who

*@

abandon€d ss ohildEn

lEnd to €void Emini$inq ihe

r

(D) subjeotsvho nduls€dln.6ratgiB crahed to teel

b€rd

'lan

those who

75.

r'rsding

io the passaqe, S€dikldee

bett*s

(A)

Nosta gia cou d norer be

a.ou@ ot

6mbn

and nolivalion for many

(B)

Peopre who are nostElgic do not th nk IhEt

ihe pasl s b.fi€r han the

tuluc.

(C) The inablllty lo go

out.id

lo be adive is th6 side ef,bct ot nNlatgia.

(D) Nostalgia @dd

cau*

frenla paEty5is in

76.

Aedins

lo ihe passaqe, China!

!6t-(A)

aG

nd

in their roiles and iifiieg.

(B) ae

seff-disclplln6d and hiqhly fioliv.ted.

(c)

a€

mcl

y _{I'vins ouEride thetr honetbwnE.}

(o)

EGdb@lEoed tom

puBulnsftn

z.

Why aB lhe

chi.es

p€ople who

rec

bom

after ls73 sus@ptible to toneltne6s?

(A)

Beause ihey

@B

bom

wtDut

any

broths

and eisteF

(B)

3...u*

ih€y h.ve io

conpd€

feEciously ror a b€n€r tuinO @ndirion.

(c)

B@us€ lh€y .@

Gponsibr.

ror

fie

pr@pedly and h€alth ot th6ir paEnts,

(D) B€€us.lhey

have ro siagote for

th.t

deams €mid the chaor c slrlciural

73,

Wtl

which of rh€

bnding

_{sEr.me.ts @uld} Ih€ _rulhor probably

.gEe?

(A)

chi.a s

pcl-€ishti€.

cohon is €n

ex@led

eFmde

ot a

g.n.Elion

that

beoelns

lom

nelatgia

(E)

Zhou bo l€ves thEt po.t e ghtiss Chinese

aG nstatgic b€euse rhoy

.c

s€.tttig

(C)

lt is

io

longq a Chin$e cusloh for the

oldesl ch ld in a

fafity

ro lake

e6

oa

(O) lt is Elalivery easy for China s

pos!

eighlies cohon

b

ijnd white

6

hrjobs

79, Which of the

@ds

botow

h6

the opposile

meaning

b

ln6 sord 'vioious' in tine 34?

'Ihe _{srmpre chidcn s €gg has long baen}

kndn

*

_{a 3yfrbol of}

nw

_tifie.

H@ei

_{tess w€n knoM}

is

tiat

esgs

€n

be tuhed into incub.iors io

prcdue

a rafr ot orh€r motecules inctuding agents ro @fr bat nlbotio d The h um.n im m une

sydd

r€spondr to lbEign subeEnes by prod*ing

anibodi6,

U,D wnich are s peoializ€d prcEins th.t bind to inEding oEai lsds an d toxim, bi@k |,londdiviv aid ta G er

15)

heh

for dGtruction by other momb€re of ihe immune inladty Anlibodcr at6o cir@t6t€

tu

exteided pedods

ii

tE

_{blood, prcvlding long-r€m prcEction agahst any oi th€ same bugs th.r might i'y 1o}

make € comeback, and mothec prciecl theh otrsrang by siphon ng olf

sme

ot then

.M

aniibodies

and addin g

tFn

lo lhe foeta clrculallon du dnq lhe latler p€n of pEs nancv. The sams is a

l$

tue

of

ch ckens. but w[h lne dilte@i@ lhat they add tleir

anlibodi*

io rhe yorks of Me

eg$

they ay.

(t0)

The@in I

4

a lhe€peutic opponui ty

be€u*

exposur. io specific

vito*

or bactetu ffggeG

chickens to pbdu@ adibodies

agaii$

these organisms. lf a ch cken rs rnjecied

lith

$mpt*

ol the

sme

pahoge.s, this also aohi4es the

eme efed.

ln facl, ailhin jusl a

rs

wks,

Mry

€gg

Le

dricken laysrill@nirin high lerels of aniibodies

sp€cife

y EQeling

tD*

vitu*s

d

bacEda.

Mole@i

lhs*

gnfbod €s o€n b€ pudi€d frcm lh€

yolk

to prcduce wnal b a hosl

anlibodi*

oFiap.

(131

G v ng

prejomed

.ntibodi€s ro peopre trho hare beei

exposd

io 6

padjcul

_{/rteotbuo sgent} has long b€en

lsgnrzed

€. a wry or linllrng dis€se. H slDr €lly, th€se anlibodies have been obl3lned

hom

hotgorhumans,

bllhoEeantrbodresa€

sky, and hum5n.ntibodies have lim red avaiabitittr 1l6n€, chick€n €gg anljbodr4 mlght be a varuabre addnion lo our medicat

,reeral

Eggs ar6 pt.nfllut

and

.$i

y haBgst d. Jusr four €ggs

c.n

prcdoce as much anribody

.s

an

enie

gui.ea pig. MoE {?o/

impoi.ntlt

lh€ hu m. n m m une sFiem toraErsd chrcken aitibod ies m uch befter lhan adibodi.s frcm

It h as b€6n almosi teanry

y€.6

sine

i e flret srudres using ess anribody to t eat vna

disess

in

animdb waB pu blish6d. B.ck h 1 994,

.

r€am of J.panese scre'ni$s tirst

sh

ed that _catves @utd b6

prot4isd sqainst bov n€ oiavnus using chick€i egg andbodres. rn the pa$ de.ad€ there ha€ been a

i25)

h.ndfulot.linic6lll.s

invosrig.tng

[ia lse

ol egg antrbodes ror

int*rious

disBas€

t€atne

in

humans Srudies

s€

also

ourentt

und.N€y

lo €xploE t1e efiectjveness ol egg-antibodle. ln ihe lcaiment ot

lre

nfeoiions eu sed by lh€ bacte u m

P66rdond.s

*doire.

whlch has now Eached phase ll olinioallria s thar arc due to bo oonpleted ln S€pl€mbd 2014. Thrs meens it ts on6 sEp sway fton being 9

€il€d

a0 grova by med

i*

govem ing bodies, b

$

beomrno rhe frst eqg

ait

body to be

FO used

ii c

nl@lpracli@.

Overa I, it looks Liket that lhe

ficr

mainslream lheBpeulic egg anribodres wrt make r into the tridges of hosp rd pharmac

6

_w lhin a lbw

y€G.

Most I k€ly ih

6*

.ntibodres

lrr

be used against ju5l

ahandruofintuotiousdi*aseagentsloslanwifrl.butmanymoreexpemenlallals,wilhmanymoe

prcple ln many more oountries will

Fe

lhis nu m ber increase s g _niicantry d€ r lhe de@d€s to com6.

31.

lhe

iollding

aE

qu$fons

lh5t lh€ p5ssrge ti6s lo EddEss EXCEPT

(4

Why a@ chicl(€. €gg antibodles supedor

to olher

anlbodl*?

(a)

How

en

ohicken egg-yolk-aniibod es be

u*d

to

lr€t

iifeclidis?

(C)

Wlal

.€

th€ posBibl. drng€B ol

$ing

inGcton-fighling.hic*en egg

(D) How

crose.E

re

io usins chicken ess

antibodies roi hunan

dl*ase

The

srd

'heia

in

ine4

re,b6io

{c)

iivadi.g o4anisms and loxins.

€)

mgmb6E orlhe hmune

hraiin

A@odhg lo lhe passage, whioh

ofh.

tollowing

b NoT TRUE about anibodles?

(A) They

en

b6

pas€d

on by molheG io

(B)Th€ycircul.t

h

the brood ior a lono

(c) Nono

prcdu*d

by..imal6

€n

be

ttre€lsd

(D) Th€y €E prcduc.d by

!E

body lo counl6r

8,4.

Wich

ofihe 6tl@ins.htEme.ts

about.hklcn

.!95

en

bo

inbrcd

fron

hs

Dagd.7

{Al

They.EnoEusotutbr

maE-trEn mo.r

(B)

Scbnb.r6

a6

nor y.ry

mF6ied

_rn

u,m

t

niocure

disa$.

(C) AnihodiE _obrrin.d

lrch

hen

a6

b.n.fEi.t

tu tretho

dicken inf

.ctiM.

(Dt

TIEEteati

'led sbc* otchE*en.sss rirttr

eiblte

y.lk

n.€d€d by

$€ntuE.

35, The

sd

.int€clidd

in tins 15

m€ns

3i5

Ae..dtig

to the

p€.raoe,

Enlders lnat

en

!r!e

.ntjbodi.s lor

hum,rr

rF

(A)

hoB.

dd

_ohickens.

(a)

chick.is

€nd

etres

(c)

€rree

and _{su'n.a pE}

(D)

hok.nd!u

_nea

lrss

37

Which

ol

th6

to[8'ng

besr

€rpesss

lh6

@ing

ot fie

sod

,aenaf

n

ine 1s?

FEn

pEECEph4 _it

€n

_{be iniered}

hatstudt6

(A) @iBnh.at6 on tndino cu€s lor

@

(B)

h#.nM

h@6h9ry

_prcmi!ru

'eb

tu)

.E

und€r suNeinsrce

orFnw;k.B

(D)

_h.ve

n@

_{b€€i onduclird h}

^s,r

netuthohalrtudol

.rdlneh€@di:s.

.ndbdlin

rs

g@€[y

(3)

(c)

{o)

6nt&l

0r. anlib.di€s obtained

trm

humaru

ad

rho*

rrom _animab

htom

dEl

heE

aE v.riou3 3tud

..

_on

inr€di4.

dis*

hdnFr

@Nin@ bat

anlbon's

€E

FnEubft

imponafl

tu

rohl na

dis€a*

dlucldai.

tl.t

_{chicken €gos}

en

_be

tumed inlo a

re.00n

io teal

dtsd$s

Ou€.llon. ,1

- 10o

wmout a common anguage lo speak, sl. augusriie wrcre, .a man

rcutd

be morc

oherfut

vnh his dog for @frpany then

with.

toregner'For

eght

)€a6,

sunnat,.

_{si*een rearctd} uzb6k @ptued ri Alqhaiisrai

ii

2001,

did.l

ewn have rhat in 2002, he

@s

tEnspolied ro Guaithnamo,

Ln,

{'le@

he did not

knN the houe

l€i€e.

E.glish snd ABbic. For

aI

$e

ratk he head

tom

his

lsl

@llmat6 every day, he mrghl as @rr

hde

been in solitrry

onfinemeit.

unrit h s El€ase, in 2010.

h.

sas

in the

erds

of Peter J

ai

Honigsberg a prcl€ssor

ol

raw at the u n iy€city

ol

sa n Franoisco,

'alone in a

*

or

wi@s.'

Every

froni.g.

sunnat lold Honig.be€, he

amke

ro a crushiig

sensijon

ol loneliness. His

ont

@ping sbstegy: 'l cd€d, €nd lh€n I

€lt beltel'

Sunn€r w€s, in m€nyeaF, simply unlucky. H. spoke a tdnguag€ rh.twas ra€ at GuantSn5mo.

lr0)

Th. €m p h5d only slx uzb.k

sp.ak€q

non€

eq.

ho6ed

n€

r h lm H.

me

hetd _{roreight r€ars not}

b6*u.6

ha

w$

d€ng€Eus but

b€e$.

no @unrry. not even his native Uzbekietan, Mutd

s@pl

h m

.a

a Guanlansmo d€porr€6. (Th€ milir.ry

M3

equired to hold him unril

.

nat

o

ag@d to tak€ him.)

ln tucr, hb

hrffird

i3olaiad him fudh€. once h€ _@6 no tonger deemed

.

th€at, he

@s6d

m€.ling

wrti an u2bek

ni.neler

and an inlenogaior The. he

vas

d€nied maiedats io

tean

Engtish and 115) A6brc, becaus€ lhe delen0on cenler has a polioy againsr h€lping rhe preslhsd-dang.rcus derahe.s

@mnunioate

*ith oie

another

Depdvins a prisoner ol lnguistic @mpany

*n

be a st€legy: il

en

incEase a

p

$ne/s

dependen@ on an idenogalor, naking him moE lkelyro r5rk, or

r!€i

preMl

prison€B lroh organizing

e.i.tance. Moe

9pl€lly

c4.

ike sunnats

m

unbnunarE

onseqos*

ofpo cy.nd circumskn@.

€0r

whalever lhe cau5e, Holiosberg

arsu6

in his paper,

'49!siEseegl@!qesB9!9$E!!@uE!

Fom of rsoraijon bv t?ndMde BanjeE. or Linouistic l$lsrion

'

the p6yohDlogi€t

.f,hcL

ot sotit!ry oonfnere.t brough li.€uistjo

islalbn

aE larc€ly

fE

s.me as bose Ma t@* and k€y impaied imputso oonlrcl, an inabitry

b

oon@ntEG or r.hink cl6aiy, @nfusion.

obss

ve b6tuviors, pa€noia, and

evei

a slate resembling

cat5bni..

A

gding

body ol evideice suggesls rhat

.

'€w

aeek6 or

$

Ery

i25) oonfinement ror a pdsoner _amounts to

bnuE.

'lsor€tion by radlilaqe beaieB,' Honis3berc

w.

e;

"shou d be e@gnrzed as a dbtinct human .ishls abuso.'

Honi$bee

@e

.urp'Jed

lo

lind

itde @n sid€€lio n of the

tsue

ot ting uistc isolalon in (he l69a lit.EluG, €nd

$€6

b no €lialle dala on lhe numbq of pn$neE ih the

edd

wtD a€ tinguisr@Iy

in soliLry mniin€m€nl. P€anap5 it .hould be €xpected,

hMver

Actua sotilary coninsm€nl s

tiqhtt

130) Eg ulated in

b.

u. s., fof .xam pre, il

€ tri6 tE

neuha Lsou nding lab€ ot

,adhi.isfafvs

sgregd0itn,'

.nd ls l.Eoly l€fi lo th€

di&6tiM

ol

tl.

p@ple who run

p

sons.nd

j.it..

Sk€ptics might

sy

that

pn&.e6

@n s mpty l€ah

tE

bnguage ot

tDn

guads and

t Le

inmal4. ln hcr, und€r rhe clime Cootol

rst

ol 1990,

Gded

pnsons

ae

requicd ro

rdch

Enotj.h lo

orsor€6*hodonrsp..k'l

sut

nn'l'laryF s irTig€tond6t€nt6lenre6

arondlysEr€lac't'rtss

/Jrr

Tar€Tls

for l€am nS lanSuaSes

aF

Lndva'laol.. A

I

plsneE

othe6, ika su nn ar, 6urd not (sunnats u6k riially c5anged ln July, 2010, wh en he was

frsd

a nd

*

nt

i!

L€tvia, wh.G h6 gEE by wilh

.

6m.n€nng ol Ru.sian. H€ has managed rrcjoin a mosqu6. find

M*,

91. The tb

lfli.g

st

GmenbEboutSunn.l.Elrue,

(A)

He6haed noconmon languagesith his

(3)

86 was rw€nty-frre when he wa3 Freased

(C) Hsres

impihon€d

b*u.e

he was tirund

(o)

F*

people speak his lanouaoe in

Guanlinamo

ldron

92

Theautholspurpos. in Mitins lhis passaoo i3

(4

demonsr.ate the physi€l5nd emoljona

de[y

lhat happ€n.d in G0.niana6o.

(B)

shd

lhe hamtul@ns6qu.nes or rol(ary

impd$inent

lhrcug h lingu i6 c istat on.

(C)

toll.bod

Ue untodurctE €xp.dence of

suiiatduring

his@nfrnenentin

93. Which

ol

lhe follo{ing .l.lements

about

(A

lt s 6

iedda

p'ison lhat ie ton bt nE Unil€d

{3)

ll pbvidgs Engl6h l€ssons lo nmat€s

{tF

do nol speak lhe language

(C)

ll6t

pienoG

in thls

dae

sp€ak

eltler

EnllL6horAEbic

(D) TnEuthoul

s

hElory

rhasohlyhad.ir

hroteslrcm

Uzb€kista.

04. Whicn

ot0Emds

bel

h.slheopposliE

tuanin!

lo tle

wrd

"inn@.oe"

I ne 13?

€5.

g€hw are the sid€

eff*ls

of linguistic

(A) difr4lty

h locus'ng on. s mind

(B)

eehg

or hear nq lh ngs shhh are not {C) tuiLu@ lo @iBl the u€e lhal may

ham

(D)

eressiG

susp ciousness and

dislrusfuhess of otheE

96.

A.@d

n9 to the

p.*59e,

I nsoi.tic

l$l€tioi

ls all ol lhe

tbll4ing

EXCEPI

(A)

rr

ei

be legany

u*d

lo

paclt

.

pnsoner wih a.ger issu6s.

(B)

li

ls.

slrElegy

d*igned

b.nEct

infodation

rbm

pl

sets

(c)

rt

en

be a technique lo

inoreas.

dertinee s

e

iane

on an

inl€.mg.tol

(D)

h is lhe act or sepa€tins a

d€bind nlm

sPeakeE of lhe same l.nguaga

97. Wh ch of

|le

lollowing

Mds

@uLd b€3t b€t

$le

_lhe

Epd

tesEsal

on" in lme 3q?

93. The

eb.d'di.qe[on'

n lins 31

tou

@uld besl

b.

cdaoed by rhich ol rh. lbllwing?

(c)

Acbe.t

€9

ll

en

b€ inturcd fton

la€qEph

fiw

hal

(A)

are p.ds ol lhe iedeGl

p

&n.yst€m

on

(B)

opeEie

cro*ly

wlrh immig€lion delanlion (C) do nol hav€ io sdhere lo

tE

Cdc

contElActoll999

(D) do not

p.ss*s

Esou@s need€d for

la.4uaqel4ming.

100.Wfl which ot ,1e loll@inq

st

Erenls Kuld

$e .uthor probEbly agrce?

(A)

Soliiary

@.f.ement

lhbugh linglistjo isolario. has nany negaive imp€cts.

(B)

_{Denyiig Pdsone6} (ne _{nsht to}

@mmuni@le wllh olheB is

not:

(C)

Llnguistio

i$hton

has b€en rcgulaEd by

rhB

u.s

law since 1990.

(D) Th€E h8ve been bo manyAEb pdsone6