i
WOMEN
‟S
REBELLION IN
KHALED HOSSEINI‟
S
A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS:
A MARXIST APPROACH
THESIS
Submitted to the Department of Language Studies Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
in Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for Degree of Master of Education
Arranged by:
PITOYO MEIYONO ID No. S 200140065
DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE STUDIES
GRADUATE PROGRAM
ii
NOTE OF PRIMARY SUPERVISOR
Dear
The Director of the Graduate Program of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh,
The students submits the thesis for examination: Name : Pitoyo Meiyono
ID Number : S200140065 Department : Language Studies Focus : Literature
Title : “WOMEN‟S REBELLION IN KHALED HOSSEINI‟S A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS: A MARXIST APPROACH”
Supervisor’s Approval
I confirm that the thesis written by the above-named students meets the scholarly standards for the degree and is therefore eligible to proceed to an examination by
the board of examiners of the Department of Language Studies, the Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta, October 4th, 2016 Primary Supervisor
iii
NOTE OF CO-SUPERVISOR
Dear
The Director of the Graduate Program of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh,
The students submits the thesis for examination: Name : Pitoyo Meiyono
ID Number : S200140065 Department : Language Studies Focus : Literature
Title : “WOMEN‟S REBELLION IN KHALED HOSSEINI‟S A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS: A MARXIST APPROACH”
Supervisor’s Approval
I confirm that the thesis written by the above-named students meets the scholarly standards for the degree and is therefore eligible to proceed to an examination by
the board of examiners of the Department of Language Studies, the Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta, October 4th, 2016 Co-supervisor
iv
A THESIS
WOMEN
‟S
REBELLION IN
KHALED HOSSEINI‟S
S
A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS:
A MARXIST APPROACH
Arranged by:
Pitoyo Meiyono
ID No. S 200140065
Approved to be examined by
Primary Supervisor Co-supervisor
v
APPROVAL OF THESIS FOR SUBMISSION
THE WOMEN REBELLION IN
KHALED HOSSEINI „S
A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS:
A MARXIST APPROACH
presented by
Pitoyo Meiyono S200140065
has been examined for all revisions and corrections recommended by the board of examiners on July …, 2016
and is certified to be accepted for submission
THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS
Examiner I : Dr. M. Thoyibi, MS. _______________________
Examiner II : Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum. _______________________
Examiner III : Prof. Dr. M. Thoyibi, MS. _______________________
Surakarta, July …, 2016
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta The Graduate School Director,
vi
STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP
I hereby confirm that the thesis entitled “WOMEN‟S REBELLION IN A
THOUSAND SPLENDID SUN: A MARXIST APPROACH” is an original and
authentic work written by myself and it has satisfied the rules and regulations of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta with respect to plagiarism. I certify that all quotations and the sources of information have been fully referred and
acknowledged accordingly.
I confirm that this thesis has not been submitted for the award of any previous degree in any tertiary institutions in Indonesia or abroad.
Name : PITOYO MEIYONO ID Number : S 200140065
Department : Language Studies Field of Study : Literature
Date : October 4th, 2016
Signed :
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MOTTO
Glory be to YOU, we have no knowledge except what YOU have
taught us. Verily, it is to YOU, the All Knower, the All Wise
(QS 2: 32)
To infinity and beyond !!!
(Buzz LIghtyear; Toy Story the Movie)
Please Manage Yourself!!
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DEDICATION
I dedicate this thesis whole heartedly to:
o
My beloved family, especially for my son;
Wiphi Nashat Akram and My Wife; Dewi
Retnowati
o
My beloved partners in SMK Negeri 2
Sragen
o
My beloved collegemates and everyone
who always feels that s/he still needs
ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil‟alamin, first and foremost, I bend my knees to praise
my Lord, Allah SWT for giving me blessing, health, power, inspiration, and
leading me to the completion of this thesis.
There were many parties who were involved in this research. In this
opportunity, I would like to express my gratitude to all parties who have helped
me in finishing this research.
1. Prof. Dr. Bambang Setiaji., the rector of Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta,
2. Prof. Dr. H. Khuzaifah Dimyati., the director of the Graduate Program of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3. Prof. Dr. Markhamah., the head of the Graduate Program of Language
Studies of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
4. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S., the Primary supervisor, and Dr. Abdillah Nugroho,
M. Hum, the co-supervisor, and also Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum,
M.Ed, the third examiner who gave their time for guidance and assistance
in completing this thesis,
5. All lecturers of the Graduate Program of the English Language Studies of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who cannot be mentioned one by
x
6. My beloved parents and family, especially my wife; Dewi Retnowati and
my son; Wiphi Nashat Akram who always give me love, support, and pray
for me,
7. My beloved workmates in SMK Negeri 2 Sragen, especially for the
English Team and the Admin Team
8. All of my friends from Class A of English Language Studies of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta 2015, especially for Akh Luqman
and Mbak Nurma and also for Sragentina Crews: Ali Sofyan, Lelly, Tyas,
Azizah and Amin.
9. And everyone who cannot be mentioned one by one for their help and
contribution in finishing this long hard work. Hopefully, God gives his
blessing to them. Amin.
I hope that the current study can give additional information for further
researchers who are interested in conducting a research concerning with
translation studies field.
Surakarta, October 4th, 2016
xi
ABSTRACT
Pitoyo Meiyono. (2016). “THE WOMEN‟S REBELLION IN KHALED HOSSEINI‟S A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS: A MARXIST APPROACH”. Thesis. Graduate Program of Language Studies. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
As one of the literary works, Khaled Hosseini‟s A Thousand Splendid Suns can be seen as the means to deliver the certain message to the society. The message
can be considered as the author‟s struggle to find equality. Therefore this research
investigates how the women rebellion is described in the novel and what indicators are stated as the women rebellion. This research belongs to a qualitative study, which uses two data sources. The primary data source is the novel A Thousand Splendid Suns itself meanwhile the secondary data sources are any literatures or previous studies related to the novel. The data from the data sources are collected in a sort of document as evidence. The findings show that; first, Hosseini describes the rebellion through the women characters that are subordinated by the men characters to show the oppression relationship. Second, the novel tells of the
women‟s rebellion actions which are divided into the common rebellion and the
radical one which can be analyzed in the frame of Marxist theory. The last,
Hosseini writes the story from the women‟s point of view in order to raise the
sympathy of the Afghan women.
Keywords:
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INTISARI
Pitoyo Meiyono. (2016). “THE WOMEN‟S REBELLION IN KHALED HOSSEINI„S A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS: A MARXIST APPROACH”. Tesis. Program Pascasarjana Magister Pengkajian Bahasa Inggris. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Sebagai salah satu karya sastra, novel A Thousand Splendid Suns karya Khaled Hosseini bisa dilihat sebagai sarana untuk menyampaikan pesan tertentu
kepada masyarakat. Pesan tersebut bisa diangggap sebagai „perjuangan penulis‟
untuk memperoleh kesetaraan. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini mencari bagaimana pemberontakan kaum wanita dijabarkan didalam nobel tersebut dan indicator apa saja yang dinyatakan sebagai pemberontakan tersebut. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan dua sumber data. Sumber data primer adalah novel A Thousand Splendid Suns itu sendiri sedangkan data sekunderr adalah berbagai buku atau penelitian – penelitian sebelumnya terhadap novel tersebut. Berbagai data baik dari data primer maupun sekunder di kumpulkan dalam bentuk dokumen sebagai bagian pembuktian.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hal – hal sebagai berikut; pertama, Hosseini menjabarkan adanya pemberontakan melalui tokoh – tokoh wanita yang diperbudak oleh tokoh lelaki. Kedua, novel tersebut bercerita tentang tindakan pemberontakan kaum wanita yang terbagi menjadi pemberontakan biasa dan pemberontakan radikal (keras) yang bisa dianalisa berdasarkan teori Marxist. Terakhir, Hosseini menulis cerita berdasarkan sudut pandang wanita dengan tujuan agar bisa menarik simpati bagi kaum wanita di Afghanistan.
Kata Kunci:
xiii
E. Research Paper Organization ... 7
CHAPTER II LITERARY REVIEW... 8
xiv
B. Underlying Theory ... 11
1. The Principles of Marxism ... 11
a. Dialectical Materialism ... 11
b. Historical Materialism ... 12
c. Alienation ... 12
d. Class Struggle: Class Stratification, Class Consciousness and Rebellion ... 13
1) Class Stratification ... 13
2) Class Consciousness ... 14
3) Rebellion and the Women‟s Rebellion ... 15
e. Revolution: A Classless Society ... 17
xv
b. Mariam ... 25
c. Laila ... 27
2. Characters, Diction and Style ... 28
3. Indicators of the Rebellion against Patriarchal Culture ... 30
xvi
3) Dismissal of Mobility ... 49
4) Eviction of Employment ... 50
C. Discussion ... 51
D. Khaled Hosseini‟s Concern of Women Rebellion ... 52
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION ... 56
A. Conclusion ... 56
B. Suggestion ... 57
C. Pedagogical Implication ... 58
BIBLIOGRAPHIES ... 59
