AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF GERUND TO THE
FOURTH
SEMESTER
STUDENTS
OF
ENGLISH
DEPARTEMENT,
FACULTY
OF
CULTURAL
STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA IN THE ACADEMIC
YEAR OF 2012/2013
A THESIS
BY
MARIYADI
REG.NO. 110721022
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF GERUND TO THE FOURTH SEMESTER STUDENTS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2012/2013
A THESIS
BY
MARIYADI
REG NO. 110721022
SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR
Dr. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL
NIP. 19570626 198303 2 001 NIP. 19570308 198403 1 004
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English.
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head, Secretary,
Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. Dr. Nurlela,M.Hum
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara on July 27th, 2013
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA
NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001
Board of Examiners
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S ...
Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M.Hum ...
Dr. Hj. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum ...
Drs. H. Chairul Husni, M.Ed.TESOL ...
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank to the Almighty God, Allah SWT for blessing and giving me strenght to accomplish this thesis.
There are many people who have supported me to accomplish this thesis. I realize that I would not finish if there is no guidances, advices, and supports from them. Therefore, in this occasion I would like to thank and grateful to:
a. My beloved parents, Saidi and Srifah for having supported me anytime and anywhere.
b. My sisters, brothers, nephews and nieces Sri Yanti, Sri Yuni, Sri Wati, Sri Yani, Susanto, Supriadi, Suparmin, Suparningsih, Sulasmi, Selamat Rahmadani, Agus, Indrawati, Ayu, Lia and Ela. I do thank for having supported me anytime and anywhere.
c. My supervisor, Dr. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum and my co-supervisor, Mr. Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL. I do thank for having guided and advised me in doing this thesis patiently.
d. The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. Syahron Lubis, MA. e. Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. as the head of English Department.
f. Dra. Redita Lubis,Dip.Appl.Ling.,M.Hum, as my lecturer that had helped me by giving her students as the object of my research, giving me many advices to be better people and also giving me a chance to help her in her office.
g. My close friends, Fendi, Ferri, Fahmi, Maya, Aida, Mazla and also all my friends in Faculty of Cultural Studies, USU.
h. All the Teater O members, USU.
Finally, the writer hopes that this thesis can be useful for the readers. He also hopes getting critic and suggestion to make this paper better.
Hopefully, this paper can be a consideration of everyone who wants to analyze this topic.
Medan, July 2013
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, MARIYADI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS
THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS
THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED
ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A
THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER
DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT
DUE TO ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS.
THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF
ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed :...
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME : MARIYADI
TITLE OF THESIS : AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF
GERUND TO THE FOURTH SEMESTER
STUDENTS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA IN THE
ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2012/2013
QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW
OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed :...
ABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul “ AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF GERUND TO THE FOURTH SEMESTER STUDENTS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2012/2013” berisi tentang analisa kesalahan yang dibuat oleh mahasiswa/i semester IV. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan jenis-jenis kesalahan, penyebab kesalahan dan kesalahan yang paling dominan yg dibuat oleh mahasiswa berdasarkan jenis-jenis kesalahannya. Dalam menyelesaikan penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan dengan menerapkan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 54 mahasiswa/i semester empat. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah dengan memberikan ujian mengenai penggunaan gerund yang disusun dalam dua bentuk, yaitu: tes melengkapi dan menuliskan paragraf pendek tentang
“shopping”. Berdasarkan fungsi gerund, kesalahan-kesalahan yang dianalisis dibatasi
hanya pada gerund as subject, gerund as (direct) object, gerund as subjective
complement, gerund after preposition, gerund after possesive, dan gerund used in the
negative adjective “no”. Sebagai hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa persentase
kesalahan berdasarkan fungsi gerund yang paling tinggi adalah gerund as (direct)
object 36,5% dan yang paling rendah adalah gerund as subjective complement 5,5%.
ABSTRACT
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements ... i
Author’s Declaration ... ii
Copyright Declaration ... iii
Abstrak ... iv
BAB II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2. 1 Gerund ... 9
2.1 1 Definition of Gerund ... 9
2.1 2 Functions of Gerund ... 10
a. Gerund as Subject ... 10
b. Gerund as (Direct) Object ... 12
c. Gerund as Subjective Complement ... 14
d. Gerund after Preposition ... 15
e. Gerund after Possesive ... 17
f. Gerund Used in the Negative Adjective “NO” ... 19
g. Gerund as Noun Compounds ... 19
2.1 3 Comparison between Gerund and Present Participle ... 20
2.1 4 Comparison between Gerund and Infinitive ... 22
2. 2 Error and Error Analysis ... 25
2.2. 1 Error ... 25
2.2. 1.1 The Source of Error Occurance ... 26
2.2. 2 Error Analysis ... 26
3. 2 Population and Sample ... 34
BAB IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING 4.1. Data Analysis ... 38
4.1.1. The Number of Errors in Using Gerund ... . 38
4.2. Analysis and Finding ... 39
4.2. 1 The Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as Subject ... 39
4.2. 2 The Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as (Direct) Object ... 45
4.2. 3 The Kinds of Error in Using Gerund as Subjective Complement ... 51
4.2. 4 The Kinds of Error in Using Gerund after Preposition ... 55
4.2. 5 The Kinds of Error in Using Gerund after Possesive ... 60
4.2. 6 The Kinds of Error in Using Gerund Used in the Negative Adjective “NO” ... 64
4.3. Classification of Error ... 67
4.3. 1Error Based on Function of Gerund ... 67
4.3. 2Kinds of Error in Using Gerund ... 70
BAB V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1.Conclusions ... 72
5.2.Suggestions ... 73 REFERENCES
APPENDICES
i. Surat Izin Penelitian
List of Tables
Table 4.1. The Number of Errors in Completion Test ... 38
Table 4.2. The Number of Errors in Writing a Short Paragraph ... 38
Table 4.3. Classification of Error per Sub-Category ... 67
Table 4.4. The Percentage of Error per Sub-Category ... 68
Table 4.5. Number of Correct abd Incorrect Sentence ... 69
Table 4.6. Frequency and Percentage of Population Error in Using Gerund ... 69
Table 4.7. Frequency and Percentage of Error Based on the Kinds of Error ... 70
