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English is an important foreign language that must be studied by people. People must be able to speak English, because in modern era English becomes an International language. We often face the use English in various places and technology. English is also very useful in this modern era. It means if people master English, they can speak up well and they can follow period development in modern society. That is why people have to learn English.
As we know now a lot of teachers do not use traditional method anymore. Although there is still use traditional method, now many teachers are more interested in used modern method in their learning. Generally, in senior high schools English language is a foreign language. In Teaching English there are four skills which are important to learn in English language, namely listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Harmer (1990:16) states that, in the most general way we can identify four major skills: listening and understanding, speaking, reading and
understanding, and writing.
communication, to develop students in communicate so that the students can communicate smoothly. The other benefit of language learning for student is they can improve vocabulary and use good language when communicating with other people.
Speaking is one of skill in English language. Speaking can defined as activity to deliver the idea and message to other people. According to Thornbury (2005: 1), speaking is interactive and requires the ability to cooperate in the management is speaking terms. Having few the vocabulary is one of causes of Student difficulty to speak, especially speak in English. Fauziati (2010:15) explains, the goal of teaching speaking skills, the goal of teaching speaking skills is communicative efficiency. This means that all learners should be able to make themselves understood, using their current proficiency to the fullest. They should try to avoid confusion in the message due to faulty pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary, and to observe the social and cultural rules that apply in each communication situation.
Tarigan (1990: 3-4) defines that, speaking is a language skill that is developed in child life, which is produced by listening skill, and at that period speaking skill is learned. In addition speaking determines which logical linguistic, psychological a physical rules should be applied in a given communicate situation. It means that the main objective of speaking is for communication.Teacher has to guide learners to learn speaking skill with their ability in teaching speaking, because teaching speaking demands the teacher ability to manage the learning activities.
classroom. To develop speaking ability the teacher also make the student feel comfortable and confident in teaching learning process. Many students have feeling uncomfortable and unconfident in learning process. When they make a mistake in a speaking process, the students will feel shame and fear. That is caused by the method used by the teacher in learning process.
Classroom technique is a way to teacher how to control student activities in the classroom when the study occurs. Teacher has to clearly use technique that makes students interest and active to follow the study. Classroom techniques used by the teacher influence students how they can improve the speaking skill. There are many activities that can be used by the teacher to improve the speaking skill in classroom techniques, such as: role play, games, problem-solving, discussion, and songs Fauziati, (2010: 18).
Technique is a way or tool used by the teacher to get the aims in learning process. According Anthony (in Fauziati, 2014: 13), “implementation which actually takes place in a classroom. It is a particular trick, strategy, or contrivance used to accomplish an immediate objective. Technique must be consistent with a method, and therefore in harmony with an approach as well”.
Writer observed classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop
students’ English speaking skill at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo. This research digs more about the classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop students’ English speaking skill. In this opportunity, writer is interested in doing the research at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo, because the writer interested to know about classroom techniques
used by the teacher to develop students’ English speaking skill. Writer observed the classroom techniques implemented by the teacher to develop students’ English speaking skill. The writer use observation, documentation, and interviewing method to collecting the data. Some elements writer observed there are: the classroom techniques, purpose of classroom techniques, teachers’ role, students’ role, and instructional materials.
techniques that used by the teacher are group work presentation, drama, and song. The teacher use materials from textbook, English book, and source from internet.
Based on explanation of the problems above, the writer decides to carry out a research entitled Classroom Techniques Used by the Teacher to Develop
Students’ English Speaking Skill at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo: a Naturalistic Study.
B. Problem Statements
Based on background study above, the writer formulates problem statement in this research as follows:
1. What are the types of classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop speaking skill?
2. What are the purposes of classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop speaking skill?
3. What are the teacher’s roles in each type of classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop students speaking skill?
4. What are the student’s roles in each type of classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop students speaking skill?
5. What are instructional materials to develop students English speaking skill?
C. Limitation of the Study
D. Objectives of the Study
Based on the problem statements, the objective can be stated as follows:
1. To identify the types of classroom techniques used to develop speaking skill at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo?
2. To identify the purpose classroom techniques used to develop speaking skill at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo?
3. To describe the teacher’s roles in each types of classroom techniques used to develop students speaking skill at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo?
4. To describe the student’s roles in each types of classroom techniques used to develop students speaking skill at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo?
5. To describe the instructional material to develop students English speaking skill at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo
E.Benefits of the Research 1. Theoretical Benefit
From this research, writer hopes the reader can get many information and reference about classroom techniques used by the teacher to develop speaking skill for students.
2. Practical Benefit a. To Student
In this study the students are expected be able to develop English speaking skill and motivate in teaching learning process.
b. To Teacher
This study is expected to help the teacher techniques alternative way to develop English speaking skill for their students.
c. To Writer
F. Research Paper Organization
In this research, writer conducts paper organization in order to make writer understand the content of the paper. The writer divides this paper into five chapters as follow.
Chapter 1 is introduction which consists of the Background of the Study, Problem Statements, Limitation of the Study, Objective of the Study, the Benefits of the Study, and Research Paper Organization.
Chapter II is Underlying Theory. It consists of Previous Study and Theoretical Review such as: notion of approach, method and technique, notion of speaking, notion of teaching speaking, techniques in teaching speaking, techers’ roles, students’ roles, and instructional material.
Chapter III is Research Method. It deals with type of the research, setting of the study, subject of the study, object of the study, data and data source, method of collecting data, and technique for analyzing data, and technique of checking the data credibility.
Chapter IV is discusses of research finding, discussion, and the result of the research about types of classroom techniques, purposes of classroom techniques, teachers’ roles in each type of classroom techniques, students’ roles in each type of classroom techniques, and instructional materials in teaching learning process at SMA N 2 Sukoharjo.
