By:
Suyedi Hendra Yanto 4103342011
Biology Bilingual Education
THESIS
Submitted to fulfill the requirement for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCE STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to Thanks God for His Love and mercy for blessing hence writer is able to finish this thesis with title “The effect of predict explain observe strategy (POE) on students’ activity and learning outcome on human respiratory system sub topic in grade XII science program at SMA
Negeri 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014”. This Thesis is aimed to fulfill the requirement for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan at Biology Department, Faculty
of Mathematics and Natural Science, State University of Medan.
During the process of writing the thesis, the writer realized that he had
many mistaken. Meanwhile, he has been given some suggestions, comments,
academic guidance, and moral support from his consultant and others that he
would like to express his sincere thanks.
The writer would like to express his great gratitude to Dr. Syahmi Edi,
M.Si as his consultant for his generous assistance, guidance, advices and valuable
time to read and discuss the thesis until it is completed. The writer also would like
thank profusely to Prof. Drs. Motlan, M.Sc, Ph.D., as dean of the Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural Science, State University of Medan. Prof. Dr. Herbert
Sipahutar ,M.Sc., Drs. Martina Napitupulu., Drs.Tri Harsono, M.Si as the lecturer
team examiners for their suggestion and constructive criticisms for the revision of
this thesis and for Syarifuddin, M.Sc, Ph.D as his academic supervisor who has
guided the writer during academic program.
My never ending thankfulness is fully to my beloved father Surman
Simanjuntak and my mother Marince for their everlasting love, hopeful prayers in
his life, and the entire moral and the financial support that have enabled his to
finish his study. His special thanks and admiration are also due to his sisters and
brother, Sari Simanjuntak, Mery V Simanjuntak, Ira Simanjuntak, and the last
Mario Simanjuntak. Thanks to all sisters and brothers in boarding house at
Pardamean street 15C and all family, friends are also undeniable.
The writer also thanks to the headmaster of SMA Negeri 15 Medan, Drs.
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teachers and student especially XI-2, XI-4 academic year 2013/2014 in SMA
Negeri 15 Medan who received the presence of the writer during research in these
classes.
And for all my friends in class Biology Bilingual Education 2010 who
show me the meaning of friendship. Especially for my friends, the writer would
like thank to Dewi Mentari, for her time and support as writer for suggestion and
constructive criticisms examiners team in proposal seminar of this research, and
Shelly Eka Putri that help me to accomplish this thesis especially in documented
of the research in SMA Negeri Medan and writer would also like to thank Hastika
Juliani for her support and help me to make a graph of this reseacrh by systat
program. And not forget for my special friends Evy Verawati (MyBeBi) thank for
your support, your caring and help me to accomplish this thesis.
The writer has put all efforts and time in the completion of this thesis, but
the writer is aware there are still many weaknesses in terms of content and
grammar therefore the writer is pleased to receive some suggestions and
constructive criticism from readers for the thesis being perfect. Any suggestion for
the improvements in the future will be highly appreciated.
Medan, June 2014
Writer,
Suyedi Hendra Yanto
THE EFFECT OF PREDICT OBSERVE EXPLAIN STRATEGY (POE) ON STUDENTS ACTIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOME
IN HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM SUB TOPIC FOR GRADE XI SCIENCE PROGRAM AT SMA NEGERI
15 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
SUYEDI HENDRA YANTO (4103342011) ABSTRACT
This research aims to find out: (1) the effect of POE Strategy on students’ activity, (2) the effect of POE Strategy on students’ learning outcome. This research aims to know the effect of POE Strategy in biology specifically on human respiratory sub topic in grade XI at SMA Negeri 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014. The population of this research was all of grade XI science program SMA Negeri 15 Medan. There were 2 classes chosen as the sample by applying cluster random sampling technique. It was obtained the sample 38 students for experiment class and 38 students for control class. Experimental class was taught by POE strategy while control class was taught by conventional strategy. The instruments used to obatain the data were cognitive test in form of multiple choices as test instrument and observation sheet as non-test instrument. The research result of hypothesis test for posttest showed that tcount = 8.76 > ttable = 2.38 at the level significance of 0.01, means that H0 is rejected and the Ha is accepted. It can be concluded there is a significant difference of student learning outcome between POE strategy and conventional strategy. Then, t-test of observation results showed that students’ activity in both classes is significantly different.The students in experiement class were more active than students in control class by the average score of 80.56 and 50.05 respectively. The result of hypothesis test for student activity showed that tcount = 10.31 > ttable = 2.38. It means that students’ activity in experimental class is higher than students’ activity in control class. On the whole, learning outcome in learning human respiratory sub topic that taught by POE strategy is higher than student learning outcome that taught by conventional strategy at SMA Negeri 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014.
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Thesis Approval i
Table of Contents ii
List of Figure iv
List of Table v
Appendix vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Research 1
1.2. The Identification of Problem 2
1.3. The Limitation of Problem 3
1.4. Research Question 3
1.5. The Objectives of the Research 3
1.6. Significance of the Research 4
1.7. Operational Definition 4
CHAPTER II THEORITICAL REVIEW 5
2.1. Theoretical Framework 5
2.1.1. Understanding Learning 5
2.1.2. Learning Activity 5
2.1.3. Learning Method 6
2.1.3.1. The advantages 6
2.1.3.2. The weakness 7
2.1.3.3. How to overcome the weaknesses of the experimental methods 7
2.1.4. Learning Outcomes 7
2.2. Strategy 11
2.3. POE (Predict-Observe-Explain) Strategy 12
2.4. Respiratory System in Human 13
2.5. Conceptual Framework 18
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 20
3.1. Location and Time of Research 20
3.2. Population and Sample of Research 20
3.2.1. Research Population 20
3.2.2. Research Sample 20
3.3. Research Variable 21
3.4. Research Instruments Before Research 21
3.5. Research Instrument at the Time of Research 21
3.6. Research Design 23
3.7. Technique of Data Collection 25
3.7.1. Validity 25
3.7.2. Reliability Test 25
3.7.3. Discrimination power 26
3.7.4. Difficulty Index 27
3.8. Research Procedures 27
3.8.1. Class which taught by POE strategy 28
3.8.2. Class which taught by lecturing strategy 29
3.9. Data Analyzing 30
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION 35
4.1. Research Result for Students Learning Outcome 35
4.2. Research Result for Students’ Activity 39
4.3. Discussion 41
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 44
5.1. Conclusion 44
5.2. Recomendation 44
REFERENCES 45
ix
LIST OF TABLE
Page
Table 3.1. Distribution of the instrument test cognitive levels 22
Tabel 3.2. Category of Student Abilities 23
Table 3.3. Test Reliability Index Criteria 26
Table 4.1. Frequency distribution of pre test scores in experiment class 35
Table 4.2. Frequency distribution of pre test scores in control class 36
Table 4.3. Frequency distribution of post test scores in experiment class 37
Table 4.4. Frequency distribution of post test scores in control class 38
Table 4.5. Result data of Normality Test 39
Table 4.6. Result data of Homogenity Test 39
Table 4.7. Result data of Hypothesis Test 40
LIST OF FIGURE
Page
Figure 2.1. Respiration system in humans 14
Figure 2.2. Gas exchange in alveoli 16
Figure 2.3. Conceptual framework 18
Figure 3.1. Research Design 24
Figure 3.2. Diagram of research procedure 31
Figure 4.1. Student’s pre test data of both class 35
x
LIST OF APPENDIX
Page
Appendix 1 Syllabus 49
Appendix 2 Lesson plan of experimental class 51
Appendix 3 Lesson plan of control class 55
Appendix 4 Questionarre result with the biology teacher 60
Appendix 5 Student’s scores of first examination 63
Appendix 6 Research instrument 67
Appendix 7 Answers of research instrument 73
Appendix 8 Analysis of the lattice question 74
Appendix 9 Student Observation sheet 75
Appendix 10 Table of individual assessment 77
Appendix 11 Student’s worksheet 1 78
Appendix 12 Student’s worksheet 2 80
Appendix 13 Calculation of validity instrument 81
Appendix 14 Instrument validity 82
Appendix 15 Table of instrument validity 83
Appendix 16 Calculation of reliability test 84
Appendix 17 Instrument reliability 85
Appendix 18 Calculation of difficulty index 86
Appendix 19 Table of difficulty index 87
Appendix 20 Calculation of discrimination power 88
Appendix 21 Table of discrimination power 89
Appendix 22 Result of research data scores of pre-test and post-test 90
Appendix 23 Calculation of average, standard deviation and 92
variance of pre-test and post-test
Appendix 24 Normality test of learning outcome 95
Appendix 25 Homogeneity test of learning outcome 97
Appendix 26 Hypothesis test I 100
Appendix 28 Calculation of average, standard deviation and 111
variance of student activity data
Appendix 29 Normality test of student activity 113
Appendix 30 Homogeneity test of student activity 114
Appendix 31 Hypothesis testing II 116
Appendix 32 Product moment table 118
Appendix 33 Liliefors table 119
Appendix 34 F-distribution table 120
Appendix 35 Table of t-distribution value 121
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1. Conclusion
Based on the result of research, it can be concluded as follow:
1. There is an effect of POE strategy on students’ activity on human
respiratory system sub topic in grade XI science program at SMA N 15
Medan academic year 2013/2014. The percentage of students’ activity in
experimental class that taught with POE strategy is higher than students in
control class that taught with lecturing strategy.
2. There is an effect of POE strategy on students’ learning outcome on
human respiratory system sub topic in grade XI science program at SMA
N 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014. Learning outcome of students in
experimental class that taught with POE strategy showed higher score than
students in control class that taught with lecturing strategy.
5.2.Suggestion
It can be proposed some suggestion as follows:
1. For students, POE strategy can improve the activity and learning outcome
of students caused its implemented in experimental or attractive lesson that
able to interest and stimulate students to being involved in the learning
process.
2. For biology teachers, POE strategy can be used as the appropriate learning strategy for the effectiveness learning process. It can enhance teachers’ awareness to develop their strategies in teaching as an alternative strategy
for improving students learning outcomes and activity.
3. To the researcher as prospective teacher in the next future, the result of
this reasearch can be used as information source to increase information
and knowledge about the benefit of implementing POE strategy in learning
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