SPEAKING ABILITY
OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA 1 GEBOG
TAUGHT BY USING INFORMATION GAP TECHNIQUE
IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
By
Andhika Sahara
2010-32-193
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
SPEAKING ABILITY
OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA 1 GEBOG
TAUGHT BY USING INFORMATION GAP TECHNIQUE
IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
SKRIPSI
Presented to the Muria Kudus University
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program In English Education
By
Andhika Sahara NIM 201032193
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2014
iv
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO:
A beautiful process is part of life
Just trust Allah will give an appropriate we need, not we want
Always thanks Allah whatever happned
This final project is dedicated to:
The writer’s beloved father and mother
The writer’s beloved brothers and sister
The writer’s beloved friends
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirrobbil’alamin. There will never be another greatest thank except to Allah SWT, the Almighty for the remarkable blessing and mercy to me, so that this skripsi entitled “The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in Academic Year 2013/2014” is able to be accomplished.
This skripsi is not merely the writer’s own work because of having been greatly improved by some great people around her who suggested and guided her by giving comments and advises to make it better. One point is this skripsi is arranged to fulfill the one or requirements for completing the sarjana program. Therefore I would like to express her great gratitude to the:
1. Dr. SlametUtomo, M.Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty and also the second advisor who is very helpful in giving corrections and suggestions in arranging this skripsi.
2. DiahKurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd, the Head of English Education Department.
3. Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, Mpd, the first advisor who is willing to spend a lot of time to guide some advises to make this skripsi.
4. Supriyono, S.Pd., M.Pd as headmaster and Artisha Pratiwi Umi Dewi, S.Pd., as a teacher of SMA 1 Gebog who has given permission and opportunity to the writer by doing the research
5. All of the English lecturers of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
6. The writer’s beloved father and mother thank you for the way you have been caring her with your love and affection.
7. The writer’s beloved brother and sisters.
8. All the writer’s beloved friends who always help and support her.
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The writer always waits critics and suggestion from the readers which will be fully appreciated. The writer do expects that this research will be useful for those, especially who are in the field of education.
Last but not least, thanks for everyone who involved finishing making this skripsi better.
Kudus, April 2014
ix ABSTRACT
Sahara, Andhika. 2014. Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in the Acadeic Year 2013/2014.Skripsi.English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (1) Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, Mpd. ,(2) Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.
Key words: Speaking Ability and Information Gap Technique
Teaching speaking should achieve the goal of curriculum, which is mastering spoken and written English language in daily life. Speaking is a skill in producing oral language which occurs when two or more people interact with each other aiming at maintaining social relationship between them. Some of the tenth grade students in SMA 1 Gebog are not brave enough to speak up. They are not confident themselves and afraid of making mistake to speak English in front of the class. The speaking ability of students is not being achieved yet. It is proved by the percentage of students; only 35 % of students get high score and 65 % gets score under passing grade (KKM), it is 75 in English and speaking. The writer assumes that using good technique can solve the problem. One of the techniques that can be used in teaching speaking is information gap technique. Because this technique is used to force them speak English for getting information.
The purpose of the writer is to find out: (1) To find out the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog before being taught by using information gap technique in academic year 2013/2014. (2) To find out the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog in after being taught by using information gap technique the academic year 2013/2014. (3) To describe if there is a significant difference between the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog before and after being taught by using information gap technique in academic year 2013/2014.
In this research the writer uses quasi experimental research design. There are two variables; Information Gap Technique as independent variable and the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog in academic year 2013/2014 as dependent variable. The writer determines tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog in academic year 2013/2014 as the population. The writer takes samples in X7 as class of experiment.
After conducting the treatment of the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog taught by using Information Gap Technique in the academic year2013/2014, The result of the experiment can be seen that the calculation of t-test, with the level of significance 5%, the Degree of Freedom (Df) is 31, and t-table (tt)
2.042, the t- obtained (to) 4.87. In the other words, t-obtained is higher than t-table.
The speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog after being taught by using Information Gap Technique in the academic year2013/2014 is “good”. It is showed by the mean is 75.2 and the standard deviation is 5.5. It is higher than the mean of the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog before being taught by using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 which the
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mean 69 and standard deviation is 6.25. It is categorized as “sufficient”. It means that the Null Hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is confirmed.
Based on the research result above, the writer concludes that Information Gap Technique is effective to be used in teaching sepaking of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog in academic year 2013/2014. For the teacher and the other researcher, Information Gap Technique can be useful as the reference for further research and teaching learning especially in teaching speaking.
xi ABSTRAKSI
Sahara, Andhika. 2014. Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa Kelas X SMA 1 Gebog Diajar
Menggunakan Teknik Information Gap Tahun Ajaran
2013/2014.Skripsi.Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Penguji: (1) Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, Mpd. ,(2) Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.
Kata Kunci: Kemampuan berbicara dan Teknik Information Gap
Pengajaran berbicara harus mencapai tujuan kurikulum, yang meliputi penguasaan Bahasa Inggris secara lisan sehari – hari. Berbicara adalah suatu kemampuan untuk menghasilkan bahasa lisan yang terjadi ketika dua orang atau lebih saling berinteraksi untuk mempertahankan hubungan diantara mereka. Beberapa siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog kurang begitu berani untuk berbicara Bahas Inggris. Mereka tidak percaya diri dan takut jika membuat kesalaha dalam berbicara di depan kelas menggunakan Bahasa Inggris. Kemampuan berbicara oleh siswa belum tercapai. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari prosentase hasil belajar siswa, hanya 35% siswa yang memperoleh nilai tinggi dan 65% siswa memperoleh nilai di bawah KKM dalam berbicara. Penulis berasumsi bahwa meggunakan tenik yang bagus dapat menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Salah satu teknik yang dapt digunakan untuk menghadapi masalah tersebut adalah teknik information gap. Ini karena teknik tersebut digunakan untuk memicu siswa berbicara bahasa Inggris untuk memperoleh informasi.
Tujuan dari penulis ialah: (1) Untuk menemukan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog sebelum diajar menggunakan teknik information gap tahun ajaran 2013/2014. (2) Untuk menemukan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog setelah diajar menggunakan teknik information gap tahun ajaran 2013/2014. (3) Untuk menjelaskan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog sebelum dan setelah diajar menggunakan teknik information gap tahun ajaran 2013/2014.
Dlam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan design penelitian quasi experimental. Terdapat dua variable; Teknik Information Gap sebagai variabel bebas dan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog tahun jaran 2013/2014 sebagai variabel terikat. Penulis menentukan siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog tahun ajaran 2013/2014 sebagai populasi. Penulis menggambil kelas X7 sebagai sample penelitian.
Setelah selesai melakukan pengajaran dalam kemampuan berbicara dari siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog menggunakan teknik information gap tahun ajaran 2013/21014, hasil dari penelitian dapat dilihat dalam perhitungan t-test dengan tingkat keabsahan 5%, degree of freedom (Df) 31, t-tatble 2,042, dan t-obtained (t0) 4,87.
Dengan kata lain t-obtained lebih besar daripada t-table. Kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog setelah diajar menggunakan teknik information gap tahun jaara 2013/2014 dikategorikan bagus. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh rata – rata yaitu 75,2 dan dengan standar deviasi 5,5. Data tersebut lebih tinggi dari rata – rata kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog sebelum diajar menggunakan teknik infrmation gap tahun jaran 2013/2104 yaitu 69 dan standar deviasi 6,25. Dan hasil tersebut dikategorikan cukup. Dari data diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipotesis nol ditoalk dan hipotesis pilihan diterima.
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Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa teknik information gap efektif untuk digunakan dalam pengajaran berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog tahun ajaran 2013/2104. Bagi guru dan peneliti lainnya, teknik information gap dapat digunakan sebagai referensi penelitian selanjutnya khususnya dalam pengajaran berbicara.
xiii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page COVER ... i LOGO ... ii TITLE ... iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ... v
EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vii
ABSTRACT ... viii
ABSTRAKSI ... x
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... xii
LIST OF TABLES ... xv
LIST OF FIGURES ... xvii
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xvii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research ... 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ... 4
1.3 Objectives of the Research ... 5
1.4 Significance of the Research ... 5
1.5 Scope of the Research ... 6
1.6 Operational Definition ... 6
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE AND HYPHOTHESIS 2.1.1Teaching English in SMA 1 Gebog ... 8
2.1.2Curriculum and Purpose of Teaching English in SMA 1 Gebog ... 9
2.1.3Material and Technique of Teaching English in SMA 1 Gebog... 10
2.2 Speaking as One of Language Skills in Teaching English ... 11
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2.3.1 Concept of Information Gap Technique ... 16
2.3.2 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Information Gap Technique ... 17
2.3.3 The Implementation of Information Gap Technique in Teaching Speaking ... ... 19
2.4 Reviews of Previous Research ... 21
2.5 Theoretical Framework... 23
2.6 Hypothesis ... 25
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1 Design of the Research ... 26
3.2 Population and Sample ... 27
3.3 Research Instrument ... 29
3.4 Data Collection ... 32
3.5 Data Analysis ... 32
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 Finding of The Research... 36
4.1.1 The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 36
4.1.2 The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 39
4.2 Hypothesis Testing ... 41
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1 The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog before being Taught by using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 42
5.2 The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog after being Taught by using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 44
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5.3 The Significant Difference of Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog before and after being Taught by using
Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 46
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion ... 48 6.2 Suggestion ... 49 BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 50 APPENDICES ... 52 STATEMENT CURICULUM VITAE DOCUMENTATION
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LIST OF TABLE
Table Page
3.1 Data of the Number of the Students of SMA 1 Gebog 2013/2014 ... 28 3.2 Scoring Scale of Speaking Ability... 30 3.3 Range of the Score ... 31 3.4 The Criteria of The Reading Comprehension of Eighth Grade Students
in academic year 2013/2014 ... 32 4.1 The Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog
before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 37 4.2 Frequency Distribution of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade
Students of SMA 1 Gebog before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 38 4.3 The Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog
after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 39 4.4 Frequency Distribution of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade
Students of SMA 1 Gebog after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 40 4.5 The Summary of the Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of
SMA 1 Gebog befor and after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014... 42
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
2.1 Theoretical Framework of the Research ... 25 4.1 The Pie Diagram of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of
SMA 1 Gebog before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 38 4.2 The Pie Diagram of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of
SMA 1 Gebog after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 41
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page 1. The Syllabus of Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog in academic
year 2013/2014 ... 52 2. Lesson Plan of Teaching by Information Gap Technique ... 63 3. Instrument of Test ... 80 4. Score the of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1
Gebog before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 83 5. The Calculation of Mean, median, mode and Standard Deviation of
Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 84 6. Score the of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1
Gebog after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014... 86 7. The Calculation of Mean, median, mode and Standard Deviation of
Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ... 88 8. T-test Calculation of Pre-test and Post-test of the Tenth Grade Students
of SMA 1 Gebog ... 90 9. The Calculation of t-test of Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students
of SMA 1 Gebog taught bu Using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014... 91 10.Critical Value of t-table ... 93
