Country Initiatives on

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Directorate General of Land Transportation

Ministry of Transportation

REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

17 March 2008

Country Initiatives

on

ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE

TRANSPORT IN INDONESIA

BY: DR. ELLY ADRIANI SINAGA

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Indonesia : The Archipelago Country

Population 230 m (2007)

Jakarta ,the Capital City

650km

2

_{; 8,86 m people}

(2% growth/annum)

The surrounding cities:

BODETABEK; 5789 km

2

_;

23,673 m people

(2,09% growth/annum)

JAKARTA

1. INTRODUCTION

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• Number of vehicles 6,3 m

(growth 11% /annum ) :

- Private Car: 89.45% (Motorcycle: 54.14%)

- Goods Vehs: 9.21%

- Public Transport Vehs: 1.35%

(56% share)

• 700 private cars increase/dayÆ

Need 3 km road length/day;

Road growth 0.1%).

2. CONDITIONS AND PROBLEMS

JAKARTA, the Capital City

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Portrait

of current motor cycle usage

It gives us the way to suicide

Low cost, low travelling time, high speed and

…..high RiSK

Polution

But ….. Door to door

.very cheap

.any road

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Typical Traffic Problems

CONGESTION

POLUTION

TRADITIONAL

MARKET

SMALL

PARATRANSIT

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Number of Trips (trips/day)

973.768 (2002) 1.123.396 (2007) 1.237.677 (2010) 1.293.040 (2014) 1.513.839 (2002) 1.746.452 (2007) 1.926.184 (2010) 2.012.345 (2014) 1.108.396 (2002) 1.278.709 (2007) 1.413.027 (2010) 1.476.234 (2014)

Tangerang

Bogor & Depok

Bekasi

9.468.203 (2002) 12.600.000 (2007) 13.187.391 (2010) 14.600.000 (2014)

JAKARTA

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15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

Time Series

W

id

th

(

m

ill. m

2 )

jalan

kend.

3.300 3.000 2.700 2.400 2.100 1.800 1.500 1.200 Vehicles Unit (x 1.000)

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15 ROAD WIDTH UTILIZATION BY VEHICLES GROWTH IN

JAKARTA

road

veh

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3. TRANSPORTATION POLICY

Pro-public transport.

Develop sustainable and reliable public

transport system which covers the whole

urban area, and provide service to all level of

income group.

• Cheaper Operating Cost

• Optimal use of lanes;

• The development is quick, cheap & flexible.

Bus-based Mass Transit System - BRT COST PER PASS-KM

218 135 79 0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Bus Besar Bus Sedang Angkot Kind of Transportation

Rp

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9 Peds. Facilities &

NMV

Peds. Facilities & NMV

Integrated Network for Pedestrians & NMV

Pedestrian Walkways, Curbs,

Peds-Crossing

Facilities for Diffable People & Senior People

Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)

Parking Management/ Restraint

Car free day event

Traffic Restraint Traffic Restraint TransJakarta Busway (BRT) Monorail – Light Rail Transit Waterways Mass Rapid Transit Mass Transit Mass Transit

STRATEGY FOR THE COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY

(JAKARTA)

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4.Best practices

(PUBLIC TRANSPORT REFORM)

Small

-

inefficient

paratransit

Æ

bigger, cheaper, safer

BRT system

Un

-

scheduled bunching

and leaf

frogging

Æ

regular and reliable

operation

Private

-

small ownership

Æ

more professional

management company

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Transfer Activities In “Harmoni Central

Busway Transfer Station”

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Ticket revenue

Subsidy

If surplus: Sistem development: If deficit: subsidy MANAGEMENT PT Authority

Revenue

Operating

cost

Payment

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13 1 2 3 6 7 5 4 ANCOL KP. RAMBUTAN KP. MELAYU RAGUNAN BLOK M KALIDERES PULOGADUNG PULOGEBANG HI KOTA TJ. PRIOK KUNINGAN DUKUH ATAS HARMONI 7 CORRIDORS : 1. Blok M – Kota (2004) 2. Pulogadung – Harmoni (2006) 3. Kalideres – Harmoni (2006)

4. Pulogadung - Dukuh Atas (2007)

5. Kp.Melayu – Ancol (2007) 6. Ragunan – Kuningan (2007) 7. Kp.Rambutan - Kp.Melayu

(2007)

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Mass Transportation on Road Time

Savings in Jakarta

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BUSWAY IMPACTS

1. 14% of busway user shifted from private car

(JICA)

2. Number of busway passenger increase

significantly each year

3. Based on Institute for Transportation and

Development Policy (ITDP) research, each year

busway operation:

a. reduce emission 155 ton of Nox

b. reduce 23 ton of Particulate

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BRT Benefit

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-“Kota Sejuta Angkot”Æ

(“City of Paratransit”)

Private/Personal Fleet ownership

-Conventional

Management

BOGOR

- Operating Urban Mass Transport,

* as a new transport mode, * More comfortable (air conditioned buses)

- New professional management * Smart Card Ticketing System * Scheduled Services

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a. Operating Urban Mass Transport,

* as a new transport mode,

* More comfortable (air conditioned buses)

b. Operated By a Consortium Company

c. New professional management

* Smart Card On-line Ticketing System * Scheduled Services

* Public Private Partnership

* Local governments coordination

Before: Services Of Paratransit

* Private/Personal Fleet Ownership

* Conventional Management

* Non Motorized Vehicles

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5. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

A. BRT System Be Implemented in Other Big and Medium Cities, 2008 :

z

Metropolitan city : Jabodetabek

z

Big Cities:

Medan – North Sumatera;

Bandung – West Java;

Semarang – Central Java;

Surabaya – East Java;

Makassar – South Sulawesi;

Medium Cities: Pekanbaru, Surakarta, Manado

Elevated Busway on The Toll Road Network In Greater

Jakarta Æ JABODETABEK

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FUTURE JABODETABEK BUSWAY DEVELOPMENT

Koridor A (Non Tol): Cikupa-Bitung-

Tangerang-Kalideres

Koridor B (Non Tol) Serpong (BSD) -

Puspitek-Pondok Cabe-Pondok Indah

Koridor C (Non Tol) Depok

(Margonda)-Lenteng Agung-Ragunan

Koridor D (Non Tol) Cibubur (Cileungsi)

via Jl Raya Bogor-Kampung Rambutan

Koridor E (Non Tol) Cikarang-Cibitung-

Bekasi-Kalimalang/Pulo Gadung CIKUPA KALIDERES GROGOL CILEDUG PONDOK INDAH RAGUNAN KP RAMBUTAN KALIMALANG PULO GADUNG

Koridor A (Tol): Cikupa-Bitung-Tol

MerakÆJakarta-Grogol

Koridor B (Tol) Serpong (BSD) -Tol

SerpongÆJakarta-Ciledug

Koridor D (Tol) Cibubur (Cileungsi) via

Jl Tol Jagorawi-Kampung Rambutan

Koridor E (Tol) Cikarang-Tol

CikampekÆ Jakarta-Kalimalang

SERPONG

DEPOK

CIBUBUR (CILEUNGSI)

Bogor, Depok, Bekasi and Tangerang

physically

and economicaly

agglomerate to Jakarta form a

megapolitan

city of Jabodetabek.

The Transportation Masterplan

should cater all

megapolitan

areas, and public transport

operation serving to and from Jakarta to the

urban fringes.

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z

Area: Phase 1 replacing 3-in-1 scheme

Phase 2: East – West (between railway lines)

z

Charging Methods: Area Pricing

{

Target : Cars and Motorcycles

{

Operation Hours : 07:00-10:00;

16:00-19:00 Mon-Fri.

z

Benefit: Financial : IRR =23.4%, B/C=1.69, NPV=1274

billions Rps

z

Expected Impacts: pull-out 20% traffic from area

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Jakarta 3-in-1 Scheme

Only vehicles with three or more passengers were allowed to enter the

restricted road section

3 in 1 scheme will be replaced by Electronic Road Pricing in 2009

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3. Intelligent Transport System

Development

• Jakarta

• Bandung

• Surabaya

• Batam

• Tegal

• Pekanbaru

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4. Traffic Safety for Children

Helmet for Kids

School Safety Zone

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Implementation EURO Standard for new

production

EURO 2 at 2007;

EURO 4 at 2012 (plan);

EURO 5 at 2015 (plan).

Implementation Compulsory Periodical

Vehicle Inspection for Private Cars and

Motorcycle under New Road Transport and

Traffic Law

5. Improvement Of Motor Vehicle

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6. Energy Diversification

Gas for Transport (CNG):

1755 unit Converter Kit

installed on taxis

in Jakarta

Bio fuel (Bio-solar

and Bio-ethanol)

for

government vehicles;

Waste Cooking Oil

(BDF in Bogor)

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