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t Red Dragon which are the symptoms ,the cause ,s and the effects fo .r e d r o s i d l a c i g o l o h c y s p e d y h r a l o
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h ti w s l a e d t i e s u a c e b h c a o r p p a l a c i g o l o h c y s p e h t s e s u s i s e h t s i h T e r a s e c r u o s o w T . h c r a e s e r y r a r b il s i d e y o l p m e d o h t e m e h T . s t c e p s a l a c i g o l o h c y s p ,s i s e h t s i h t n i d e s
u namely p irmaryand secondary sources .Thep irmarysourcei s ’ s ir r a H s a m o h
T Red Dragon .The secondary source sare book sof l tieratureand n i d e il p p a s e ir o e h t e m o s e r a e r e h T . s e ti s b e w n i s e l c it r a d e t a l e r d n a y g o l o h c y s p f o s e ir o e h t e h t e r a y e h T . s i s e h t s i h
t c iritca l approach , characte r and , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h
c ands chizophrenia .
t a h t s w o h s r e t c a r a h c r o j a m e h t f o s i s y l a n a e h
T heha sset so fdelusions . t s n i a g a e ri p s n o c e l p o e p r e h t o t a h t f e il e b e h t s i s e c n e ir e p x e e h s n o i s u l e d e h t f o e n O . m i
h He also ha saudtiory hallucinaiton such a sthe voice o fRed Dragon. By e d u l c n o c n a c e w , s n o it a n i c u ll a h d n a s n o i s u l e d f o s t e s s e c n e ir e p x e e h t a h t g n i w o n k a e m o c e b m i h s e k a m t a h t s g n i h t e h t f o e n O . a i n e r h p o z i h c s m o r f s r e f f u s e h t a h t g s i h m o r f y ti d e r e h e h t s i n o s r e p c i n e r h p o z i h c
s randmother .Hi sgrandmotheri sa s i h s i e s u a c r e h t o e h T . s m o t p m y s c i n e r h p o z i h c s s w o h s o s l a o h w n o s r e p y B . s e ir o m e m d o o h d li h c d a b s a h e h e r e h w s r o t c a f l a n r e t n i d n a l a c i g o l o h c y s p g n i e b , e l p o e p g n il li k e k il s g n i h t s e o d e h , a i n e r h p o z i h c s m o r f g n ir e f f u s u d e r c n
i lous ,and ifnally commtiitng suicide .Het hinks t ha tby kliilng people he . n o g a r d e h t h ti w e n o e m o c e b n a
c He also keep ssecre tabou thi s ilfe to othe r . n o s r e
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b RedDragon .Novelt ersebu tbercertiat entangFranci sDolarhyde,s eorang a ti r e d n e m a n e r a k m i z a l k a d it g n a
y schizophrenia .Diamengalam igangguans eiru s a i d , t u b e s r e t n a u g g n a g a n e r a K . a y n u k a l h a k g n it n a d , i s o m e , n a ri k i p a d a p . g n a r o a p a r e b e b h u n u b m e m i r a d g n it n e p l a h a g it i u h a t e g n e m k u t n u h a l a d a i n i i s p ir k s i r a d n a u j u T l e v o
n Red Dragon yatiu gejala ,penyebab , dan efek dar ipenyaki t psikolog i a n a m i a g a b ) 1 ( u ti a y , n a k s u m u ri d n a h a l a s a m r e p u ti k u t n U . e d y h r a l o D s i c n a r F t i k a y n e
p schizophrenia Dolarhyde digambarkan? , (2 ) bagaimana Dolarhyde t i k a y n e p i s a t a g n e
m schizophrenia?
i n i i s p ir k s a n e r a k s i g o l o k i s p n a t a k e d n e p n a k a n u g g n e m i n i i s p ir k S . a k a t s u p i d u t s h a l a d a n a k a n u g i d g n a y e d o t e M . i g o l o k i s p k e p s a n a g n e d n a ti a k r e b a m a t u r e b m u S . a u d e k n a d a m a t u r e b m u s u ti a y , n a k a n u g i d g n a y r e b m u s a u d a d A l e v o n h a l a d
a Red Dragon karangan Thomas Harirs .Sumbe rkeduaadalah buku -l e k it r a a tr e s i g o l o k i s p n a d r u t a r e ti l u k u
b -aritke lwebstie terkati .Ada beberapa n a d r e t k a r a k , l a ti ti r k n a t a k e d n e p i r o e t u ti a y , i n i i s p ir k s i d n a k a n u g i d g n a y i r o e t n a d , n a r e t k a r a k g n e
p schziophrenia. h o k o t p a d a h r e t s i s il a n
A utama menunjukkan bahwa dia mengalam i h a l a d a i m a l a a i d g n a y i s u l e d u t a s h a l a S . i s u l e d n a l u p m u k e
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h Red Dragon .Dengan mengetahu ibahwa dia a ti r e d n e m a i d a w h a b n a k l u p m i s i d t a p a d , i s a n i s u l a h n a d i s u l e d i m a l a g n e m a i n e r h p o z i h c
s .Salah satu ha lyang membua tdiamendertiaschizophrenia adalah a g u j g n a y g n a r o h a l a d a a y n k e n e N . a y n k e n e n i r a d n a n u r u t e k h e l o n a k b a b e s i d a l a j e g n a k k u j n u n e
m schizophrenia .Penyebab lain adalah fakto rinterna ldan p a d i g n e m n a g n e D . k u r u b g n a y l i c e k a s a m i k il i m e m a i d u ti a y s i g o l o k i s p a i n e r h p o z i h c
s ,dia melakukan hal-ha lsepetr imembunuh orang , itdak pernah .i ri d h u n u b n a a b o c r e p n a k u k a l e m a g u j n a d , g n a r o i a y a c r e p m e
m Dia mengria
n a g n e d u t a s i d a j n e m n a k a a i d , g n a r o h u n u b m e m n a g n e
d Red Dragon .Dia juga a i d a y n ri h k a a d a P . n i a l g n a r o i r a d a y n n a p u d i h e k g n a t n e t n a k a i s a h a r e m u l a l e s a w h a b i r a d a y n e m a k it e k n a k e tr e t a s a r e
m Red Dragon menyuruhnya membunuh n a k e t m a l a D . a y n h i s a k e
k an ini ,dia berifki runtuk mengakhri ihidupnya dengan n a g n e d i ri d n e s a y n a l a p e k k a b m e n e
ii x
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S T N E T N O C F O E L B A T
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … E G A P E L T I
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.. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … S T N E T N O C F O E L B A T
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C INTRODUCTION
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C V.ANALYSIS
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… … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … n o g a r D d e
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D Nicholla sChandra .2012 .Franci sDolarhyde’ sSchizophreniaa sSeen inThoma sHarris ’RedDragon .Yogyakatra :EngilshLanguageEducaitonStudy
, m a r g o r
P Depatrmen to f Language and A tr s Educaiton ,Facutly o f Teacher s , n o it a c u d E g n i n i a r
T SanataDharmaUniverstiy.
s e s y l a n a s i s e h t s i h
T a nove lwirtten by Thoma sHarir senitlted Red n
o g a r
D .The nove ltell sabou tFranci sDolarhyde ,an unusua lman who suffer s d n a , n o it o m e , t h g u o h t n i e c n a b r u t s i d s u o ir e s a s a h e H . a i n e r h p o z i h c s m o r f . e l p o e p l a r e v e s s ll i k e h , e c n e H . r o i v a h e b o s e v it c e j b o e h
T ft he study aret o ifnd outt hree signiifcantt hing sfrom l e v o n e h
t Red Dragon which are the symptoms ,the cause ,s and the effects fo .r e d r o s i d l a c i g o l o h c y s p e d y h r a l o
D Todoso,t herearet wo problemsf ormulatedi n h ) 1 ( e r a y e h T . s i s e h t s i h
t ow i sDolarhyde’ sschizophrenia descirbed? ,and (2 ) howdoe sDolarhydecopewtihs chizophrenia?
h ti w s l a e d t i e s u a c e b h c a o r p p a l a c i g o l o h c y s p e h t s e s u s i s e h t s i h T e r a s e c r u o s o w T . h c r a e s e r y r a r b il s i d e y o l p m e d o h t e m e h T . s t c e p s a l a c i g o l o h c y s p ,s i s e h t s i h t n i d e s
u namely p irmaryand secondary sources .Thep irmarysourcei s ’ s ir r a H s a m o h
T Red Dragon .The secondary source sare book sof l tieratureand n i d e il p p a s e ir o e h t e m o s e r a e r e h T . s e ti s b e w n i s e l c it r a d e t a l e r d n a y g o l o h c y s p f o s e ir o e h t e h t e r a y e h T . s i s e h t s i h
t c iritca l approach , characte r and , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h
c ands chizophrenia .
t a h t s w o h s r e t c a r a h c r o j a m e h t f o s i s y l a n a e h
T heha sset so fdelusions . t s n i a g a e ri p s n o c e l p o e p r e h t o t a h t f e il e b e h t s i s e c n e ir e p x e e h s n o i s u l e d e h t f o e n O . m i
h He also ha saudtiory hallucinaiton such a sthe voice o fRed Dragon. By e d u l c n o c n a c e w , s n o it a n i c u ll a h d n a s n o i s u l e d f o s t e s s e c n e ir e p x e e h t a h t g n i w o n k a e m o c e b m i h s e k a m t a h t s g n i h t e h t f o e n O . a i n e r h p o z i h c s m o r f s r e f f u s e h t a h t g s i h m o r f y ti d e r e h e h t s i n o s r e p c i n e r h p o z i h c
s randmother .Hi sgrandmotheri sa s i h s i e s u a c r e h t o e h T . s m o t p m y s c i n e r h p o z i h c s s w o h s o s l a o h w n o s r e p y B . s e ir o m e m d o o h d li h c d a b s a h e h e r e h w s r o t c a f l a n r e t n i d n a l a c i g o l o h c y s p g n i e b , e l p o e p g n il li k e k il s g n i h t s e o d e h , a i n e r h p o z i h c s m o r f g n ir e f f u s u d e r c n
i lous ,and ifnally commtiitng suicide .Het hinks t ha tby kliilng people he . n o g a r d e h t h ti w e n o e m o c e b n a
c He also keep ssecre tabou thi s ilfe to othe r . n o s r e
p Atl ast ,hefeel sdepressed when her eailzest ha tthedragon want shim t o r e v o l s i h l li
k .In t his depression ,het hink sheshould end hi s ilfe by shooitng hi s h ti w d a e h n w
o ashotgun.
n o s r e h c r a e s e r r e h tr u f r o f s n o it s e g g u s e m o s s e d i v o r p s i s e h t s i h t , y ll a n i F n o g a r D d e
R .Thist hesi salso propose sal essonplan f o rPubilcSpeaking Iwhich t f o s tr a p s e s
u henove last hemateira.l
: s d r o w y e
i x K A R T S B A , o t n a w e
D Nicholla sChandra .2012 .Franci sDolarhyde’ sSchizophreniaa sSeen inThoma sHarris ’RedDragon .Yogyakatra:Program Stud iPendidikan Bahasa u m lI n a d n a u r u g e K s a tl u k a F , i n e S n a d a s a h a B n a k i d i d n e P n a s u r u J , s ir g g n I . a m r a h D a t a n a S s a ti s r e v i n U , n a k i d i d n e p g n a y s ir r a H s a m o h T a y r a k l e v o n h a u b e s a s il a n a g n e m i n i i s p ir k S l u d u jr e
b RedDragon .Novelt ersebu tbercertiat entangFranci sDolarhyde,s eorang a ti r e d n e m a n e r a k m i z a l k a d it g n a
y schizophrenia .Diamengalam igangguans eiru s a i d , t u b e s r e t n a u g g n a g a n e r a K . a y n u k a l h a k g n it n a d , i s o m e , n a ri k i p a d a p . g n a r o a p a r e b e b h u n u b m e m i r a d g n it n e p l a h a g it i u h a t e g n e m k u t n u h a l a d a i n i i s p ir k s i r a d n a u j u T l e v o
n Red Dragon yatiu gejala ,penyebab , dan efek dar ipenyaki t psikolog i a n a m i a g a b ) 1 ( u ti a y , n a k s u m u ri d n a h a l a s a m r e p u ti k u t n U . e d y h r a l o D s i c n a r F t i k a y n e
p schizophrenia Dolarhyde digambarkan? , (2 ) bagaimana Dolarhyde t i k a y n e p i s a t a g n e
m schizophrenia?
i n i i s p ir k s a n e r a k s i g o l o k i s p n a t a k e d n e p n a k a n u g g n e m i n i i s p ir k S . a k a t s u p i d u t s h a l a d a n a k a n u g i d g n a y e d o t e M . i g o l o k i s p k e p s a n a g n e d n a ti a k r e b a m a t u r e b m u S . a u d e k n a d a m a t u r e b m u s u ti a y , n a k a n u g i d g n a y r e b m u s a u d a d A l e v o n h a l a d
a Red Dragon karangan Thomas Harirs .Sumbe rkeduaadalah buku -l e k it r a a tr e s i g o l o k i s p n a d r u t a r e ti l u k u
b -aritke lwebstie terkati .Ada beberapa n a d r e t k a r a k , l a ti ti r k n a t a k e d n e p i r o e t u ti a y , i n i i s p ir k s i d n a k a n u g i d g n a y i r o e t n a d , n a r e t k a r a k g n e
p schziophrenia. h o k o t p a d a h r e t s i s il a n
A utama menunjukkan bahwa dia mengalam i h a l a d a i m a l a a i d g n a y i s u l e d u t a s h a l a S . i s u l e d n a l u p m u k e
s dia percaya bahwa
g n a r
o -orang d isektiarnyabersekongko luntuk melawan dia .Diaj ugamengalam i i r a d a r a u s i tr e p e s a r a u s i s a n i s u l a
h Red Dragon .Dengan mengetahu ibahwa dia a ti r e d n e m a i d a w h a b n a k l u p m i s i d t a p a d , i s a n i s u l a h n a d i s u l e d i m a l a g n e m a i n e r h p o z i h c
s .Salah satu ha lyang membua tdiamendertiaschizophrenia adalah a g u j g n a y g n a r o h a l a d a a y n k e n e N . a y n k e n e n i r a d n a n u r u t e k h e l o n a k b a b e s i d a l a j e g n a k k u j n u n e
m schizophrenia .Penyebab lain adalah fakto rinterna ldan p a d i g n e m n a g n e D . k u r u b g n a y l i c e k a s a m i k il i m e m a i d u ti a y s i g o l o k i s p a i n e r h p o z i h c
s ,dia melakukan hal-ha lsepetr imembunuh orang , itdak pernah .i ri d h u n u b n a a b o c r e p n a k u k a l e m a g u j n a d , g n a r o i a y a c r e p m e
m Dia mengria
n a g n e d u t a s i d a j n e m n a k a a i d , g n a r o h u n u b m e m n a g n e
d Red Dragon .Dia juga
a i d a y n ri h k a a d a P . n i a l g n a r o i r a d a y n n a p u d i h e k g n a t n e t n a k a i s a h a r e m u l a l e s a w h a b i r a d a y n e m a k it e k n a k e tr e t a s a r e
m Red Dragon menyuruhnya membunuh n a k e t m a l a D . a y n h i s a k e
k an ini ,dia berifki runtuk mengakhri ihidupnya dengan n a g n e d i ri d n e s a y n a l a p e k k a b m e n e
ii x
it il e n e p k u t n u n a r a s a p a r e b e b n a k ir e b m e m i n i i s p ir k s , ri h k a n a i g a b i
D
i ti l e n e
p Red Dragon selanjutnya . Sk irps i in i juga menganjurkan rencana k
u t n u n a r a j a l e b m e
p Pubilc Speaking I menggunakan nove l tersebu t sebaga i .i
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T opening par to fthe whole thesi sand
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e h T . s m r e t f o n o it i n if e d d n a , y d u t s e h t f o s ti f e n e b , y d u t s e h t f o s e v it c e j b o
o s a e r c i s a b e h t t u o b a w e i v r e v o n a s e d i v o r p y d u t s e h t f o d n u o r g k c a
b nst oconduc t
e b l li w t a h t s e ir i u q n i e h t y lf e ir b s e t a t s n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h t , n e h T . y d u t s e h t
n e k a tr e d n u y d u t s e h t f o e s o p r u p e h t e t a t s y d u t s e h t f o s e v it c e j b O , t x e N . d e s s u c s i d
ti f e n e b , e r o m r e h tr u F . s n o it s e u q h c r a e s e r e h t h ti w n o it a l e r n
i s oft hestudystatet he
, t s a e l t o n t u b t s a L . m e l b o r p h c r a e s e r e h t o t n o it a l e r n i h c r a e s e r e h t f o s e g a t n a v d a
s s u c s i d s m r e t f o n o it i n if e
d e sthet ermst ha tappeari nt hediscussiont hroughoutt he
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.
A Backgroundoft heStudy
r a l u p o p e r a y r fl e b d n a , e n a s n i , y tt u n , y z a r
C term sused fo rrefer irng to
e n o e m o
s who i s suffeirng from psychologica l disorder . Those terms are
t u o h ti w d e s u y l n o m m o
c understanding the actua l meaning . Wha t we can
d n a t s r e d n
u when people use such term si sthat the term srefer to abnorma l
. y g o l o h c y s p l a m r o n b a r o r o i v a h e b
Psychologically ,a person who ha san abnorma lbehavio ri sa person
.s s e n ll i l a t n e m m o r f g n ir e f f u
s eT h person suffeirng from menta lillnes smay do
l a n o s r e p d n a l a i c o s , y ti l a e r h ti w h c u o t f o s s o l , s e it i v it c a l a c i h t e n u h c u s
d e t s u j d a l a
m ,anitsocia lo rpsychopathbehavior ,o ranyothe runcommonbehavior .
e s e h
T abnorma lbehavior so rabnorma lpsychologies ea lr cassiifed into large
. a i n e r h p o z i h c s s i m e h t f o e n o s i h c i h w r e b m u n
6 9 9 1 ( e l a e N d n a n o s i v a
D )havestudiedandr esearchedschizophreniaand
e b ir c s e
d d tha tSchizophreniai sa group o fpsycho itc disorder . tIi scharacte irzed
m e , t h g u o h t n i s e c n a b r u t s i d r o j a m y
b oiton ,and behavior .A schizophrenicperson
e v a h l li
w disordered thinking in which idea sare no tlogically related, fautly
n o it n e tt a d n a n o it p e c r e
p , bizarre disturbance s in moto r acitvtiy, and lfa t o r
a n
i ppropriateaffect( pa . ra 389 .)
s r e f f u s o h w n o s r e p
A schizophrenia wli lhaveseirou sdisturbancei n hi s
e m o c e b n e v e r o s e e s n e tf o e h , t h g u o h t s i h n I . r o i v a h e b d n a , n o it o m e , t h g u o h t
a o t n i n o it o m e s i h t c e f f a l li w t h g u o h t s i h T . y ti l a e r n i t s i x e t o n s e o d t a h t g n i h t e m o s
t a
lf and mysteirou scharacter .However ,behindt ha tcharacte rhewli ldo anything
r o d ir t e g o
t tobecomet heghos theseesi nhist hought .Thus ,kliilngi sacommon
. a i n e r h p o z i h c s r e f f u s o h w s n o s r e p y b e n o d g n i h t
n i r e t c a r a h c
A RedDragon, namedFranci sDolarhyde, doe ssucht hings .
e h n e h
W i sa ch lid, he ilve swtih hi sgrandmother .Hi sgrandmothe ro tfen rteats
m i
h wrong, whichmakes hims uffer mfro schizophrenia .Jus tilket hedeifniitono f
, a i n e r h p o z i h c s e h
t h e feel s ilke being pursued by a ifgure tha tdoesno texist i n
e h T . y ti l a e
r ifgureonhisi maginary i saghosto fRed Dragon ow h persuadeshim
e h , n o s r e p e h t g n il li k y B . n o s r e p n i a tr e c a l li k o
t feel s ilkebeing t heRed Dragon
. fl e s m i h s e if s it a s d n a
l e v o n e h t t a h t s i l e v o n s i h t f o t r a p g n it s e r e t n i r e h t o n
A presentssome o f
s ’ e k a l B m a il li
s i h r o
f w iritng sand picture sabout hsc izophrenia .He wrote some poems abou t
o s l a e H . a i n e r h p o z i h c
s d wre a picture o fa ghos to f lfea .Thi sghost i salso
k o o b s ’ e l a e N d n a n o s i v a D n i d e n o it n e
m Abnorma lPsychology. Jus t ilke the
k n i h t o s l a e d y h r a l o D s i c n a r F , a e lf f o t s o h g a f o e r u t c i
p s tha thei sbeing pursued
. n o g a r D d e R f o t s o h g a y b
y r o t s e h
T RedDragon tell sabou tapoilcem annamedWli lGraham, who
. e d y h r a l o D s i c n a r F d e m a n r e ll i k l a ir e s a h c t a c o t y t u d a s a
h Hei schosent ocatch
s a h e h e s u a c e b e d y h r a l o
D anexpe irencecatchingakille rwhodoest hes amething
s
a rF anci sDolarhyde .Thestory i sdivided i nto t wo patrs .Thefris tpatri sabou t
e h
t lfieo fWli lGrahamandt hes econdpa tri saboutt hel fieo fFranci sDolarhyde .
r
F anci sDolarhydei sacharacte rwho ha samiserablechlidhood l fiewhich leads
f o r e b m u n a s ll i k o h w r e ll i k a o t n i m i
h people .A tfe ranalyzings omehomevideos ,
s d n if y ll a n if m a h a r
G Franci sDolarhydeands top shimfromk liilngpeople .
g n i z y l a n
A Dolarhyde’ sbehaviordisorde rtha tmake shimbecomeas eira l
r e ll i
k and relaitng i twtih schizophrenia a re a cu irou smatter .Thus ,this study
s e s o o h
c h beis haviordisorde rast het opicbecause tii si nteresitng t o analyzet he
, s m o t p m y
s thecauses ,andtheeffects fo h isbehaviordisorder.
.
B ProblemFormula iton
s
A having been menitoned i n t he previou sseciton ,the researcher ifnd s
r e d r o s i d l a c i g o l o h c y s p a s i e r e h t t a h
t tha tFranci sDolarhydehas .Inr elaitont ot he
e h t ,r e d r o s i d l a c i g o l o h c y s
p researcherf ormulatesthef ollowingproblems:
.
1 Howi sDolarhyde’ss chizophreniadescirbed?
.
.
C Objecitve soft heStudy
l e v o n e h t m o r f s g n i h t t n a c if i n g i s e e r h t t u o d n if o t t u o b a s i y d u t s s i h
T Red
n o g a r
D which are the symptoms , the cause ,s and the effects fo Franci s
e d y h r a l o
D ’ s psychologica l disorder . Fri , st the wrtie r wli l explain how h is
s y a l p t i e s u a c e b , y r o t s e h t n i d e b ir c s e d a i n e r h p o z i h c
s na impo trantr ulei nt heway
w o h e z y l a n a l li w r e ti r w e h t , t a h t r e tf A . g n o l a s e o g y r o t s e h
t h e copes wtih
t a h t s g n i h t c i n e r h p o z i h c s n i a l p x e l li w t r a p s i h T . a i n e r h p o z i h c
s h e doe sa nd the
. s t c e f f
e By ifnding ou tthose signi ifcan tthings ,peoplewho read thi sstudy wli l
a i n e r h p o z i h c s t a h w d n a t s r e d n
u si .Deepe,rt hey wli lalso beablet oge t ird oft hi s
. m e l b o r p f o d n i k
.
D Benefti soft heStudy
, l e v o n e h t g n i y d u t s y
B the researcher hope stha tt his study iwl lgive
e s u n a c y e h T . s t n e d u t s m a r g o r P y d u t S n o it a c u d E e g a u g n a L h s il g n E r o f s ti f e n e b
g n i z y l a n a n i e l p m a x e n a s a y d u t s s i h
t altierallywork.Theotherbeneftii st hatt hi s
r e f f u s o h w e l p o e p t u o b a e g d e l w o n k s r e d a e r e h t s e v i g y d u t
s from schizophrenia .
e r e h
T ader swli lunderstand wha tthe symptoms, cause ,s and effects o f thi s
m e l b o r p l a c i g o l o h c y s
p a re. By understanding those aspects et h reader swli lbe
. m e l b o r p l a c i g o l o h c y s p s i h t f o d ir t e g o t e l b a
.
E De ifniitono fTerms
n i s m r e t t n a c if i n g i s e m o s s e s u r e h c r a e s e r e h
T t he research. In thi s
n o it c e
s ,the researcher would ilke to quote the de ifniitons fo those signiifcan t
.
1 Psychos is
, ) 5 6 9 1 ( e g n a rt S o t g n i d r o c c
A psychosisi sapsychologicalt ermr eferirng
l a t n e m s u o ir e s t s o m o
t illnesse .s eT h word psychosi smean slos so ftouch wtih
a tr o p m i e m o
s n taspec to f realtiy a sshown in such symptom sa s delusions ,
n a b r u t s i d n i a r b m o r f t l u s e r y a M . n o i s u f n o c d n a , s n o it a n i c u ll a
h ce o rfrom poo r
.) 0 1 . p ( g n i n r a e l l a i c o s
.
2 Schizophrenia
, ) 6 7 9 1 ( n a m e l o C o t g n i d r o c c
A schizophreniai st hedescirp itvet ermf o r
; y ti l a e r f o n o it r o t s i d s s o r g y b d e z ir e t c a r a h c r e d r o s i d c it o h c y s p f o p u o r g a
z i n a g r o s i d e h t d n a , n o it c a r e t n i l a i c o s m o r f l a w a r d h ti
w aiton and fragmentaiton o f
( n o it o m e d n a , t h g u o h t , n o it p e c r e
p p .292) .Expetr sconside rschizophreniaa sone
a i n e r h p o z i h c S . g n il f f a b t s o m e h t s a l l e w s a r e d r o s i d c it o h c y s p s u o ir e s t s o m e h t f o
ti l a n o s r e p e l p it l u m r o y ti l a n o s r e p t il p s h ti w e m a s e h t ll a t o n s
i y t ha tpeopleo tfen
I
I
R
E
T
P
A
H
C
E
R
U
T
A
R
E
T
I
L
D
E
T
A
L
E
R
F
O
W
E
I
V
E
R
s i tr a p t s ri f e h T . s tr a p o w t o t n i d e d i v i d s i r e t p a h c s i h
T reviewo frelated
s e ir o e h
t tha tcontainsl tieraturet heoryandt heoryo fciritca lapproach .Thesecond
t r a
p contains theoreitcal framework which explain those theo ire s appiled in
s i s y l a n
a .
.
A Reviewo fRelatedTheories
, n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t , r e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t f o s t s i s n o c t r a p s i h T
. a i n e r h p o z i h c s f o y r o e h t d n a , h c a o r p p a l a c it ir c
.
1 Character
a n I . e r u t a r e ti l f o d n i k a s i l e v o
N nove,l wecannoti gnoret hecharacter s
o s l a s i t I . l e v o n e h t n i s e l o r t n a tr o p m i e v a h s r e t c a r a h C . s e t a e r c r o h t u a e h t t a h t
. y r o t s e h t t u o b a d n a t s r e d n u s r e d a e r e k a m o t t n a tr o p m i y r e
v Abrams(1971) says
o h w k r o w e v it a r r a n r o c it a m a r d a n i d e t n e s e r p s n o s r e p e h t e r a s r e t c a r a h C “ t a h t
s e it il a u q l a n o it i s o p s i d l a r o m h ti w d e w o d n e g n i e b s a s r e d a e r e h t y b d e t e r p r e t n i e r a
e h t( o d y e h t t a h w d n a ) s e u g o l a i d e h t( y a s y e h t t a h w n i d e s s e r p x e e r a t a h t
( ” ) s n o it c
a p .20) .Therefore, i n awork of l tieratureacharacte rcan bei denitifed
. o d y e h t t a h w d n a y a s y e h t t a h w m o r f
s tr e p x e r e h t
O ,Rohrberge rand Woods ,J.r (1971)deifneacharacte ra sa
e c a l p d n a e m it r a l u c it r a p a n i t u o s t c a o h w n o s r e
p (p.20) .They divide characte r
e s o h t s d n i k o w t o t n
i are lfa tcharacte ro r o -nesided character and rounded
y n a m r o r e t c a r a h
c -sidedcharacter.
a n
I characte ,rwe ifnd t hei deaoft hemora lup irghtnes sand t hesimple r
t r a n i e r u t a e r c f o e c n e s e r p e h t f o n o it o
n which seems to beahumanbeingo fone
c A . r e h t o n a r o t r o
s haracteri nastorycan beakindo fcreature ,which i mtiates a
t a h t o s , g n i e b n a m u
h heo rsheexist sa sar ea lcharacter .Insidet hecharacte,r we
. y ti l a r o m n a m u h f o a e d i e h t d n
if Abram s (1971) ( p 0p . -5 56 ) d fiferenitates
characteri ntot wocatego ires, namelymajo randmino rcharacter .
t n a tr o p m i t s o m e h t s i e h s r o e H . y r o t s e h t f o r e t n e c e h t s i r e t c a r a h c r o j a M
s n o it c a r i e h T . g n it t e s n i a tr e c n i s r a e p p a r e t c a r a h c r o n i m e h T . y r o t s e h t n i r e t c a r a h c
s e l o r ri e h t d n a s r e t c a r a h c d e p o l e v e d y ll u f t o n e r a y e h t e s u a c e b t n a tr o p m i s s e l e r a
r a y r o t s f
o ej ustt os uppo trt hedevelopmen toft hemaincharacters.
.
2 Characteriza iton
d n a r e g r e b r h o
R Woods , J.r (1971) deifne characte irzaiton a s “The
y ti l a n o s r e p r a l u c it r a p s a h h c i h w , r e t c a r a h c a s e t a e r c r o h t u a n a h c i h w y b s s e c o r p
( ” r e h t o n a m o r f r e t c a r a h c h c a e h s i u g n it s i d t a h t s e t u b ir tt a l a c i s y h p d n
a p .120) .The
s ir e t c a r a h c n w o r e h r o s i h s a h r e t c a r a h c h c a e s e k a m r o h t u
a it s c so tha teach
r e h t o m o r f t n e r e f fi d s i r e t c a r a h
c s .Murphy(1972) p( p .161-173)state snineway s
: s w o ll o f s a e r a s y a w e s o h T . n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c t u o b a d n a t s r e d n u o t
.
a Persona lDescirpiton
n a c r e d a e r e h
T imagine the descirpiton o f the characte r through a
o s r e
p n’ sappearanceandclothe .s
.
s i
tI anothe rwayt odescirbeacharactert hrought heeye sandopinion so f
.l e v o n e h t n i e l p o e p r e h t o
.
c Speech
n i n o s r e p e h t f o c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t o t n i t h g i s n i n a e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h t e r e H
r h t l e v o n e h
t oughwhatt hepersonsays .Wheneve rapersonspeaks ,wheneve rhe
.r e t c a r a h c s i h o t s e u l c e m o s s u g n i v i g s i e h , n o i n i p o n a d r a w r o f s t u p
.
d Pas tLfie
e h t t a h t e u l c a e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h t e fi l t s a p s ’ n o s r e p a t u o b a g n i n r a e l y B
p a e p a h s o t d e p l e h e v a h t a h t s t n e v
e erson’ scharacter .Theautho rgive scommen t
h t r o n o it a s r e v n o c d n a t h g u o h t s ’ n o s r e p e h t h g u o r h
t roughanothe rperson .
.
e ConversaitonbyOthers
c it s ir e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p a o t s e u l c s r e d a e r e h t s e v i g r o h t u a e h t y a w e h t s i tI
r e h t o e h t f o n o it a s r e v n o c e h t h g u o r h
t person soft hestoryandt het hingst heysay
.r o t c a e h t t u o b a
.f Reacitons
n o s r e p e h t w o h t a g n i e e s y b r e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p e h t w o n k l li w s r e d a e r e h T
. e fi l s i h n i s t n e v e d n a n o it a u ti s s u o ir a v o t s t c a e r
.
g Driec tComments
e h
T autho rdescirbe sand comment son the characters tha the create s
. y lt c e ri d
.
e v it c e p s r e p s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t f o s e it il a n o s r e p e h t w o h s o t s t n a w r o h t u a e h T
s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t n i d e v l o v n i y l e v it c e j b u s e r a s r e d a e r e h t f I . y a
w thought ,stheycan
e h t n e v E . y r o t s e h t n i n o it i s o p d n a s e it il a n o s r e p s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t d n a t s r e d n u
.s e v l e s m e h t r e t c a r a h c e h t e r e w y e h t fi s a l e e f n a c s r e d a e r
.i Manneirsms
h c i h w , s ti b a h d n a s m s ir e n n a m s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t s e b ir c s e d n a c r o h t u a e h T
r e h r o s i h t u o b a s u l l e t y a
m characte.r
.
3 Criitca lApproach
. e r u t a r e ti l f o d n i k e n o s i l e v o
N tI i sw irtten ni beautfiull anguageby t he
a f o y t u a e b e h T . d a e r y e h t l e v o n e h t n i d e t s e r e t n i e r o m s r e d a e r e h t e k a m o t r o h t u a
l li w e r u t a r e ti l f o k r o w a s a l e v o
n airsetheappreciaitonoft her eaders ,so t heywli l
.l e v o n e h t g n i d a e r y o j n e
d n a r e g r e b r h o
R Woods ,J.r (1971 )state ifvekind so fc iritca lapproaches ,
( e r u t a r e ti l f o k r o w a o t s e s n o p s e r ri e h t e t a l u m r o f s r e d a e r e h t p l e h h c i h
w p .p 6-15) .
t e r a s e h c a o r p p a e h
T h fe ormails tapproach, t h be iographica lapproach, t h s oe o -ci
histo irca lapproach ,th me ythopoeic approach ,and the psychologica lapproach .
. e u l a v c it e h t s e a s ti n o d e s a b k r o w e h t n o y l n o s e h c r a e s h c a o r p p a t s il a m r o f e h T
f o k r o w a g n i d n a t s r e d n u n i h c a o r p p a n a s i h c a o r p p a l a c i h p a r g o i b e h
T atrt hrough
o i c o s e h T . y h p a r g o i b r o h t u a e h
t -histo irca lapproach see sa work o fltierature
o i c o s n o d e c n e r e f e r s i h c i h
w -histo irca lbackground .Themythopoeicapproach i s
e h T . e c n e r e f e r e h t s a t r a f o k r o w e h t d n o y e b h t y m s e s u t a h t h c a o r p p a n a
l a c i g o l o h c y s
s i h t n
I study,t heapproacht hati sgoingt obeusedt oanalyzet henoveli s
. h c a o r p p a l a c i g o l o h c y s p e h
t Thi sapproach involve sthe effor tto locate and
tI . s n r e tt a p t n e r r u c e r n i a tr e c e t a rt s n o m e
d draw sdfiferen tbody o fknowledge on
. r o i v a h e b d n a y ti l a n o s r e p s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t n i a l p x e o t y g o l o h c y s
p Thepsychologica l
l a t n e m f o c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t e z y l a n a o t r e h c r a e s e r e h t e l b a n e l li w h c a o r p p a
d i s n i g n i y l s t c il f n o c e h t d n a r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t f o r e d r o s i
d e da n ifnd ou thow he
. e v il s i h n i s t c il f n o c e h t ll a h ti w s e p o
c By using thepsychologica lapproach, t he
e p , t h g u o h t r e t c a r a h c e h t e z y l a n a n a c r e h c r a e s e
r rsonaltiy ,andbehavio rdeeply.
.
4 Schizophrenia
o t n i d e d i v i d s i tr a p s i h T . a i n e r h p o z i h c s f o y r o e h t e h t h ti w s l a e d t r a p s i h T
b u s o w
t -pa trs . They are the symptom s o f schizophrenia and the type o f
. a i n e r h p o z i h c s
( n a m e l o C o t g n i d r o c c
A 1976) ,schizophreniai st hedescirpitvet ermf o ra
i d c it o h c y s p f o p u o r
g sorde r characteirzed by gros s distoriton o f realtiy ;
f o n o it a t n e m g a r f d n a n o it a z i n a g r o s i d e h t d n a , n o it c a r e t n i l a i c o s m o r f l a w a r d h ti w
. n o it o m e d n a , t h g u o h t , n o it p e c r e
p Schizophrenia i s no t a s ea r firendly a s
r e h t o r o h t a p o h c y s
p psychological disorder (p 2 . 9 .2) However ,expe tr sconside r
r e d r o s i d c it o h c y s p s u o ir e s t s o m e h t f o e n o s a a i n e r h p o z i h c
s .Expe tr salsoconside r
n a i n e r h p o z i h c
s o tonlya sthemos tse irous ,b outa sls a themos tbaffilngpsychoitc
.r e d r o s i d
. y ti l a n o s r e p l a i c o s it n a r o c i h t a p o h c y s p m o r f t n e r e f fi d s i a i n e r h p o z i h c S
) 6 7 9 1 ( n a m e l o
C h as descirbed psychopathic and anitsocia l personaltiy a s
w o ll o f o t y ti li b a n i d n a l a c i h t e f o k c a l h ti w y ti l a n o s r e
. r o i v a h e
b Paitent swho sufferf rompsychopathicdisorde rwli lhavedfi ifculitesi n
h ti w t c il f n o c d e t a e p e r o t n i l a u d i v i d n i e h t g n ir b h c i h w s p i h s n o it a l e r l a n o s r e p r e t n i
o t y tl a y o l t n a c if i n g i s f o e l b a p a c n i d n a d e z il a i c o s n u e r a y e h t , y ll a c i s a B . y t e i c o s
p ( s e u l a v l a i c o s r o , s p u o r g , s n o s r e p r e h t
o ara.370 .)
c i h t a p o h c y s p d n a l a i c o s it n a m o r f s r e f f u s o h w n o s r e p
A personaltiy wli l
o t e l b a e b t o
n behave approp irately .He wli lno tbe able to behave normally a s
e h t y b d e v o r p p
a society .Coleman also men itonsacilnica lpicturei shi sbookt ha t
s ’ d n e ir f s i h e k o r b y ti l a n o s r e p c i h t a p o h c y s p r o l a i c o s it n a m o r f s r e f f u s n o s r e p a
r o f y l n o t e s n o i s i v e l e
T aj oke .Hecanno tdfiferenitateaciton swhichi sacceptable
u s o h w n o s r e p a , s u h T . y t e i c o s s i h n i e l b a t p e c c a t o n r
o ffer sfrom anitsocia land
. y t e i c o s h ti w t c il f n o c d e t a e p e r s a h y ti l a n o s r e p c i h t a p o h c y s p
.
a Symptoms
g n ir e f f u s s i e n o e m o s t a h t e t a c i d n i o
T from schizophrenia t here are ifve
l a c i p y
t symptom stha tmus tbe eviden tfo ra tleas tsix month sand have some
e v if e s o h T . s t c e f f e d e k r a
m typical symptom s are delusions , hallucinaitons ,
e v if e s e h T . s m o t p m y s e v it a g e n d n a , r o i v a h e b c i n o t a t a c , h c e e p s d e z i n a g r o s i d
d n a e v it i s o p e r a y e h T . s e ir o g e t a c d a o r b o w t o t n i d e z ir o g e t a c e r a s m o t p m y s
s m o t p m y s e v it i s o p e h T . e v it a g e
n are delusions , hallucinaitons , disorganized
. r o i v a h e b c i n o t a t a c d n a , h c e e p
s The symptom stha tare catego irzed a snegaitve
e v it i s o p e s o h T . t c e f f e t n u l b r o t a lf d n a , e v ir d f o k c a l , h c e e p s e lt ti l e r a s m o t p m y s
d a b r o d o o g o t r e f e r t o n o d s m o t p m y s e v it a g e n d n
a symptoms .The posiitve
o t r e f e r s m o t p m y s e v it a g e n e li h w , t n e s e r p g n i e b s m o t p m y s o t r e f e r s m o t p m y s
)
1 Posi itveSymptoms
o t g n i d r o c c
A Wlison e . ( tal 1996), P“ osiitvesymptomsr efert osymptom s
n s e c i o v g n ir a e h s a h c u s , t n e s e r p g n i e
b o theard by other s(hallucinaitons)” (p .
) 7 1
4 .There arefou rtypical symptoms t ha tbelong t o i t sbroad catego ires .Those
e r a s m o t p m y
s delusions , hallucinaitons , disorganized speech , and catatonic
e r a s m o t p m y s e s o h t r o n o it a n a l p x e e h T . r o i v a h e
b asf ollows:
)
a Delusions
l a t e n o s li W , y d u t s r i e h t n
I . (1996 )statetha t“Delusion saref alsebeilef s
, e c n a m o r , n o it u c e s r e p f o n o i s u l e d s a h c u s , y ti l a e r f o n o it a t n e s e r p e r s i m l a u s u n u r o
” l o rt n o c r o , r u e d n a r
g (p .417) .Person swtih schizophreniao tfenexpres sunusua l
. e r u tl u c r i e h t n i s r e h t o y b d e r a h s t o n e r a t a h t s f e il e b
)
b Hallucinaiton
e l a e N d n a n o s i v a
D (1996 )s et at tha t“The mos tdramaitc o fpercepiton
( ” n o it a n i c u ll a h d e ll a c e r
a p .392) .Hallucinaiton sarealsosensoryexpe irencest ha t
e r a y e h T . n o it a l u m it s l a t n e m n o ri v n e l a n r e t x e y n a f o e c n e s b a e h t n i r u c c o
. s r e h t o y b d e c n e ir e p x e t o n e r a t u b l a u d i v i d n i y b d e c n e ir e p x e e r a t a h t s n o it a s n e s
)
c DisorganizedSpeech
o t g n i d r o c c
A Wlisone ta.l( 1996) ,anothersymptomofs chizophreniai sa
s y a w f o y t e ir a v a n i d e z i n a g r o s i d s i t a h t h c e e p
s (p.417) .In thi scase ,a person
a , s e m it e m o S . s n o it i s n a rt l a r u t a n y n a t u o h ti w r e h t o n a o t n i c i p o t e n o m o r f s e v o m
o t d e t a l e r t o n s m e e s t a h t r e n n a m a n i n o it s e u q a r e w s n a l li w t n e it a p a i n e r h p o z i h c s
)
d CatatonicBehavior
o c c
A rding t o Wlison e tal .(1996 )“Catatonic behavio rrefersto marked
d n a , s r o i v a h e b r o t o m e v i s s e c x e , y ti li b o m m i r o t o m g n i d u l c n i ,s e it il a m r o n b a r o t o m
( ” e m it f o d o ir e p g n o l r e v o s e r u t s o p d e x if f o e c n a n e t n i a m e h
t p .420) .A person
e k il y d o b r i e h t f o s tr a p l o rt n o c o t e l b a e b t o n y a m r e d r o s i d r o i v a h e b c i n o t a t a c h ti w
.r e h t o n a r o , t e e f ,s r e g n if , s d n a h
)
2 Nega itveSymptoms
e r a y e h T . s m o t p m y s e e r h t e d u l c n i a i n e r h p o z i h c s f o s m o t p m y s e v it a g e N
a l d n a , h c e e p s e lt ti l ,t c e f f a t n u l b r o t a
lf cko fd irve .Thef la taffectr eferst ol acko f
e lt ti L . e n o t e c i o v d n a , n o i s s e r p x e l a i c a f , e r u t s e g n i s s e n e v i
