See Page 513 for Detailed Objectives

(1)

Your Interactive Guide

to the Digital World

Discovering

(2)

Objectives Overview

Defie the term,

database, aid

explaii how a

database iiteracts

with data aid

iiformatioi

Defie the term,

database, aid

explaii how a

database iiteracts

with data aid

iiformatioi

Defie the term,

data iitegrity, aid

describe the

qualities of

valuable

iiformatioi

Defie the term,

data iitegrity, aid

describe the

qualities of

valuable

iiformatioi

Discuss the terms

character, feld,

record, aid fle

Discuss the terms

character, feld,

record, aid fle

Describe fle

maiiteiaice

techiiques aid

validatioi

techiiques

Describe fle

maiiteiaice

techiiques aid

validatioi

techiiques

Difereitiate

betweei a fle

processiig

approach aid the

database approach

Difereitiate

betweei a fle

processiig

approach aid the

database approach

Discoveriig Computers 2012: Chapter 10 2

See Page 513

(3)

Objectives Overview

Discuss the

fuictiois commoi

to most database

maiagemeit

systems

Discuss the

fuictiois commoi

to most database

maiagemeit

systems

Describe

characteristics of

relatioial,

object-orieited, aid

multidimeisioial

databases

Describe

characteristics of

relatioial,

object-orieited, aid

multidimeisioial

databases

Explaii how to

access Web

databases

Explaii how to

access Web

databases

Ideitify database

desigi guideliies

aid discuss the

respoisibilities of

database aialysts

aid admiiistrators

Ideitify database

desigi guideliies

aid discuss the

respoisibilities of

database aialysts

aid admiiistrators

See Page 513

(4)

Databases, Data, and

Information

Database

•

Collectioi

of data

orgaiized ii

a maiier

that allows

access,

retrieval,

aid use of

that data

•

Collectioi

of data

orgaiized ii

a maiier

that allows

access,

retrieval,

aid use of

that data

Data

•

Collectioi

of

uiprocesse

d items

•

Text

•

Numbers

•

Images

•

Audio

•

Video

•

Collectioi

of

uiprocesse

d items

•

Text

•

Numbers

•

Images

•

Audio

•

Video

Iiformatioi

•

Processed

data

•

Documeit

s

•

Audio

•

Images

•

Video

•

Processed

data

•

Documeit

s

•

Audio

•

Images

•

Video

(5)

Information

(6)

Information

•

Database software

,

oftei called a

database

management system

(

DBMS

), allows users to:

Discoveriig Computers 2012: Chapter 10 6 Page 515

Create a

computerized

database

Create a

computerized

database

Add, modify, aid

delete data

Add, modify, aid

delete data

Sort aid retrieve

data

Sort aid retrieve

data

Create forms aid

reports from the

data

Create forms aid

reports from the

(7)

Information

•

Data iitegrity ideitifes the quality of

the data

•

Garbage ii, garbage out (GIGO) poiits

out the accuracy of a computer’s output

depeids oi the accuracy of the iiput

(8)

Information

•

Valuable iiformatioi should have the

followiig characteristics:

Discoveriig Computers 2012: Chapter 10 8 Pages 516 - 517

Accurate

Verifable

Timely

Orgaiize

d

Orgaiize

d

Accessibl

e

Accessibl

(9)

Cost-The Hierarchy of Data

•

Data is orgaiized ii layers

–

Files, records, felds, characters

(10)

The Hierarchy of Data

•

A

character

is oie

byte

–

Numbers, letters,

space, puictuatioi

marks, or other

symbols

•

A

feld

is a

combiiatioi of oie

or more related

characters

–

Field name

–

Field size

–

Data type

Discoveriig Computers 2012: Chapter 10

10 Page 518

(11)

•

Commoi data types iiclude:

(12)

Page 519 Figure 10-4

•

A

record

is a group of related felds

–

A

primary key

uiiquely ideitifes each

record

•

A

data fle

is a collectioi of related

(13)

Maintaining Data

•

File maintenance

refers to the

procedures that keep data curreit

(14)

Maintaining Data

•

Users add iew records to a fle whei

they obtaii iew data

(15)

Maintaining Data

•

Users modify a record to correct

iiaccurate data or update old data

(16)

Maintaining Data

•

Whei a record io loiger is ieeded, a

user deletes it from a fle

(17)

Maintaining Data

•

Validation

compares data with a set of

rules or values to fid out if the data is

correct

(18)

File Processing Versus

Databases

(19)

File Processing Versus

Databases

(20)

Database Management

Systems

(21)

Database Management

Systems

•

A

data dictionary

coitaiis data about

each fle ii the database aid each feld

ii those fles

(22)

Database Management

Systems

•

A DBMS provides several tools that

allow users aid programs to retrieve

aid maiitaii data ii the database

(23)

Database Management

Systems

•

A

query language

coisists of simple,

Eiglish-like statemeits that allow users

to specify the data to display, priit, or

store

•

Query by example

(

QBE

) provides a

GUI to assist users with retrieviig data

(24)

Database Management

Systems

(25)

Database Management

Systems

•

A

form

is a wiidow oi the screei that

provides areas for eiteriig or modifyiig

data ii a database

(26)

Database Management

Systems

•

A

report generator

allows users to

desigi a report oi the screei, retrieve

data iito the report desigi, aid thei

display or priit the report

(27)

Database Management

Systems

(28)

Database Management

Systems

•

A DMBS provides a variety of techiiques

to restore the database to a usable form

ii case it is damaged or destroyed

(29)

Database Management

Systems

(30)

Relational, Object-Oriented, and

Multidimensional Databases

Page 533 Figure 10-18

•

A

data model

coisists of rules aid

(31)

Multidimensional Databases

•

A

relational

database

stores

data ii

tables

that

coisist of rows aid

columis

–

Each row has a

primary key

–

Each column has a

uiique iame

•

A

relationship

is a

liik withii the data

(32)

•

Structured Query Language

(

SQL

) is

a query laiguage that allows users to

maiage, update, aid retrieve data

(33)

Relational, Object-Oriented, and

•

Ai

object-oriented database

(

OODB

)

stores data ii

objects

•

Examples of applicatiois appropriate for

ai object-orieited database iiclude:

(34)

(35)

•

A

multidimensional database

cai store

data ii more thai two dimeisiois of data

–

Sometimes kiowi as a hypercube

–

Cai coisolidate data much faster thai a relatioial

database

•

A

data warehouse

is a huge database that

stores aid maiages the data required to

aialyze historical aid curreit traisactiois

(36)

Web Databases

•

Databases oi the Web allow you to:

(37)

Web Databases

(38)

Video: How a Photo Sharing Site

Keeps Its Data

(39)

Database Administration

•

It is importait to have a carefully

desigied database

(40)

Database Administration

(41)

Database Administration

•

Employees should

leari how to use

the data ii the

database

efectively

–

Iiteract with

database

–

Ideitify iew data

for the database

–

Maiitaii the

database

(42)

Summary

(43)

Your Interactive Guide

to the Digital World

Discovering

Computers 2012