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T CONTENTS
e g a P
E G A P E L T I
T ……… i
E G A P L A V O R P P
A ……….. ii
Y T I L A N I G I R O S ’ K R O W F O T N E M E T A T
S ……… v.. i
I S A K I L B U P N A U J U T E S R E P N A A T A Y N R E
P ……… v
T C A R T S B
A ……….. iv K
A R T S B
A ………….. iiv T
N E M E G D E L W O N K C
A S ..……… … viii
N O I T A C I D E
D ………... xi S
T N E T N O C F O E L B A
T ……… x .
N O I T C U D O R T N I .I R E T P A H
C
.
A Backgroundoft heStudy ………. 1 .. .
B Objecitveoft heStudy ………... 3 .
C ProblemFormulaiton ……… 3 .
D ProblemLimtiaiton ……… 4 .
E De ifniitono fTerms ……… 4
E R U T A R E T I L D E T A L E R F O W E I V E R . I I R E T P A H
C
.
A Reviewo fRelatedTheo ire s………. .. 7 .
1 P -ost SrtucturailsmApproach ……… 7 . .
2 Theo ire so fDeconsrtuciton ……… 8 .
i x .
B Contex toft heStudy………...………. 31 .
1 ReviewonEdga rAllanPoeandHi sPoem“Eldorado" ….…. 3.. 1 .
2 ReviewonGlobailzaitoni nEducaiton ……… 4.. 1 .
C Theoreitca lFramework ………... 51
Y G O L O D O H T E M . I I I R E T P A H
C
.
A Objec toft heStudy……… 81 .
B Approachoft heStudy……….. 91 .
C Methodoft heStudy………... 02
N O I S S U C S I D . V I R E T P A H
C
.
A TheDeconsrtucitono f“Eldorado” ………. 12 .
1 Thel tiera lMeaningo fEldorado……….. 12 .
2 TheCon rtadicitonsi n“Eldorado”and tI sSigniifcance……….. 72 .
B TheRelevanceonGlobailzaiton ………. 53
.
1 Globailzaitona tNaitona lStageandt heI nvasiono fForeign s
r e k r o
W ………... 35 .
2 Educaitont oSolveUnemploymentI ssuei nI ndonesia………… 73
.
3 TheRelevanceo f“Eldorado”t ot heConcep to fCharacte r n
o it a c u d
E ………. 24
D N A S N O I S U L C N O C . V R E T P A H
C SUGGESTIONS
.
A Conclusions ………. 44 .
ii x S
E C N E R E F E
ii i x
S E L B A T F O T S I L
e l b a
T Page
o d a r o d l E s ’ e o P n a ll A r a g d E n i s n o it c i d a rt n o C . 1 .
4 ……… 82
o d a r o d l E n i n o it it e p e R d r o W . 2 .
4 ………... 03
n o it it e p e R ’ w o d a h S ‘ f o l i a t e D . 3 .
4 ………. 23
n o it a c u d E r e t c a r a h C f o s t c e j b u S d e s o p o r P . 4 .
v i x
S E C I D N E P P A F O T S I L
e g a P .
1 X I D N E P P
A ThePorrtayo fEdga rAllanPoe ... 15 .
2 X I D N E P P
A Edga rAllanPoe’ s“Eldorado” ... 25 .
3 X I D N E P P
A ThePorrtayofJ acque sDerirda... 35 .
4 X I D N E P P
A Aritcleont heProo fo fEducaitonFaliurei nI ndonesia .... 45 .
5 X I D N E P P
A Tableo fWo lrdUnemploymen tRank. ... 65 .
6 X I D N E P P
A IndonesianUnemploymen tNumbe ront heBasi so f 3
0 0 2 r a e Y d n u o r g k c a B l a n o it a c u d
E - 2011... 5 7 .
7 X I D N E P P
A AritcleonForeignWorkersI nvasiont oI ndonesia... 85 .
8 X I D N E P P
A LessonPlanonTeachingEdga rAllanPoe’ s“Eldorado” s
s a l C y rt e o P n
1
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: y l e m a n , h c r a e s e r y r o t c u d o rt n i f o s tr a p r u o f f o s t s i s n o c r e t p a h c s i h T
d n a , n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p , y d u t s e h t f o e v it c e j b o , y d u t s e h t f o d n u o r g k c a b
.s m r e t f o n o it i n if e
d Background o fthe study present sthe lead to the study
g n i d u l c n
i , t hemosti mpo tranlty ,reasons o fselecitngt opic .Objecitvepresentst he
o t d e s i a r s n o it s e u q e h t s t n e s e r p n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r P . y d u t s s i h t f o e v e i h c a o t l a o g
. e v it c e j b o d e t n e s e r p e h t t e e
m Wh lie deifniiton of t erms present sthe meaning o f
h c a
e m ainpointi nt hiss tudy.
.
A Backgroundoft heStudy
d r o w e h
T “Eldorado” ,accordingt oMerriam-Websterdicitonary( 2012) ,i s
n i d n e g e l a o t g n ir r e f e r , ’ n e d l o G e h T ‘ r o ’ e n O d e d li G e h T ‘ r o f d r o w h s i n a p S a
. d l o g n i s a h tl a e w s u o m r o n e h ti w n o it a c o l a f o a c ir e m A n it a
L Atlhough moslty
o t e c n e r e f e r a s a e d a
m thewesternlegendthati nvolve sSpanishconquistador sand
, s r e d a v n i n a e p o r u
E “Eldorado” in t hi sstudy i sareferencet o Edga rAllan Poe’ s
m e o
p ,presenitng a tale o fa knigh tin hi sjourney ifnding the place named
o d a r o d l
E .Both ltierary work so f“Eldorado” ,a sthe ctiy o fgold and a knigh’t s
e m it f o s m r e t n i t n e r e f fi d e r a , y e n r u o
j setitng and i nterpretaiton .However ,they
e r a h
s acommon i deat hatt heplacer emain samystery .Untlit heendo fstory , stii
it s e u q a l li t
s ona sfisuchplaceindeedeve rexists. Ins hor,tt he( both)j ourneyend s
n o it a n it s e d e h t f o s t u o b a e r e h w e h t f o n o i s u l c n o c r a l u c it r a p o n n i p
“Eldorado” by Poe i sa relaitvely simple poem o ffou rstanzas ,wtih six
m e o p e h T . a z n a t s h c a e n i s e n
il alsouniquelyconvey stheongoingconversaitono f
f o h c r a e s n i t h g i n k e h t , s t c e j b u s o w
t Eldorado wtih plig irm shadow – a subjec t
d n a s e g n e ll a h c , n o it i b m A . m e o p e h t f o d n e e h t l it n u y r e t s y m a s n i a m e r
r e v o t u B . m e o p s i h n i p a r w o t s e ir t e o P s g n i h t y n a m f o w e f e r a n o it a r e p s e
d all ,tii s
g n i d n if r o f e l g g u rt s e h
t Eldoradobecomest hecente ro fatteniton.
g n it c e l e s f o n o s a e r e h
T Edga rAllan Poe’ s“Eldorado” a sthe cenrte o f
y d u t s s i h t n i s i s y l a n
a i sbecause the poem depict sa t aleo fman i n asrtuggle t o
a e d i n a e v e i h c
a ,regardles sany obstacle stha tthe man ifnally encounters .The
n o r e p e e d k e e s o t r e ti r w e h t s e ri p s n i m e o p e h t n i t h g i n k e h t f o t ir i p s g n it s a
l t so ti
. e v it o
m Thewrtier’ smaini nteres to ftheconcep tEldorado si uponl ooking tit obe
f o e l p m a x e t c e f r e p
a thesrtength o faman i n ar esltes seffor tto chaseani dea ,a
. m a e r d
e c n i s r e v e , m e o p e h
T ti screaiton ,ha stirggered many i nterpretaitons and
g n i n o it s e u q s c it ir
c ti .Thi sstudy , ilkewise ,interpret sthe poem by employing a
t s o p , e r u t a r e ti l f o h c a o r p p a e u q i n
u -srtucturailsm. Barry (2009 )states tha tp -ost
e n il p i c s i d a s n a e m t x e t n o c s i h t n i h c i h w , y h p o s o li h p m o r f s e v ir e d m s il a r u t c u rt s
. s n o it a t e r p r e t n i n o s c it ir c s e z i s a h p m
e Pos t srtucturailsm approach i s an
f o t r a p e l b a r a p e s n
i it svividdeirvaitve ,thei nfamoust heoryo fdeconsrtucitonwtih
s e i d u t s n o it c u rt s n o c e D . a d ir r e D e u q c a J , t n e n o p o r p s
ti more abou tmeaning, sa
.r e t p a h c g n i w o ll o f e h t n i d e n i a l p x e r e t a
l Wherea s fo r the theory tisefl ,
deconsrtuciton ,in thi scontex t o fstudy , tire sto reshape meaning based on
l a c ir o t e h
n o it a t e r p r e t n i e z i c it ir
c by looking beyond ti ssrtucture .A sstated by Gueirn ,
, ) 1 1 0 2 ( m a h g n il li W d n a , n a m s e e R , n a g r o M , r o b a
L deconsrtucitonisr eveailngt he
c u rt s y r o t c i d a rt n o c n e d d i
h turewtihint hemeaningi nt ex.t
r e h t o n a o t tr a t s a s i m e o p e h t f o y d u t s n o it c u rt s n o c e d e h
T p atro fanalysis ,
e c n a v e l e r e h t n o y d u t s n o s ir a p m o c
a o f“Eldorado” inglobailzaiton,i nt erm so fti s
n o it u b ir t n o
c .Thisi sseena sani ntegra lpar toft hi sstudyduet ot he irsingconcern
. d lr o w l a b o l g s ’ y a d o t n
o Today’ sglobailzaiton i sso i mpo trantt ha tWater( 2001 )
d n a t s r e d n u e w h c i h w y b a e d i y e k e h t ,t p e c n o c e h t e b y a m n o it a z il a b o l g t a h t d e t a t s
. m u i n n e ll i m d ri h t e h t o t n i y t e i c o s n a m u h f o n o it i s n a rt e h
t Undert he umbrella o f
n i t a h t g n i d u l c n i , s i s y l a n a f o m r o f y n a t a h t s e v e il e b r e ti r w e h t , n o it a z il a b o l g
t p e c n o c s ti n i h t o b , n o it a z il a b o l g e t a d o m m o c c a o t e l b a e b d l u o h s , y d u t s e r u t a r e ti l
d n
a implementaiton .Thus ,the wrtie rseek sfo rrelevance between the subjec t
n
a alyzedandglobailzaiton.
.
B Objecitveo ftheStudy
s i y d u t s s i h t f o e v it c e j b o e h
T to ifnd the meaning o fEdga rAllan Poe’ s
” o d a r o d l E
“ throughdeconsrtucitons tudyand tisr elevanceonglobailzaiton.
.
C ProblemFormula iton
n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h
T si :
.
1 W t sha i the meaning o fEdga rAllan Poe’ sPoem o f“Eldorado” through
y d u t s n o it c u rt s n o c e
d ?
.
.
D ProblemLimtia iton
: e k il e p o c s r a l u c it r a p o t n i d e ti m il e r a y d u t s s i h t n i s m r e t e h t f o e m o S
.
1 “Eldorado”
“Eldorado” t in hi sstudy i s ilmtied t o only t hel tierature form o fapoema s
e h t n a h t r e h t a r , e o P n a ll A r a g d E y b n e tt ir
w moslty recognized version o flegend
m o r
f Laitn Ame irca. I ti sbecause “Eldorado” suti sthe wrtier’ sinteres tupon a
g u rt s s ’ n a m a g n it c i p e d e r u t a r e ti
l gle,r athert hant hecommonlyknownconcep to f
o d a r o d l
E .
.
2 Globailzaiton
r e t a l h c i h w , l a r e n e g n i n o it a z il a b o l G o t s r e f e r y d u t s s i h t n i n o it a z il a b o l G
s ’ r e z ti R n i s a n o it a z il a b o l g f o s e p o c s 8 n i s e il p m
i “Globailzaiton :A BasicText”
p , 0 1 0 2
( p 4 . -4 46) .Howeve ,r thi sstudy wli lonly se t ti sfocu son the scope o f
s e r a h s y l e t a m it l u t a h t y tl u c a F n o it a c u d E n o s e k a t r e ti r w e h t e c n i s n o it a c u d
E a
n r e c n o
c ont heparitcula r ifeldandsinceeducaitoni st hestaritngpoin to fal lothe r
s e p y
t . Theeducaiton ifeldr eviewedi salso ilmtiedt oonlyi nI ndonesiai nordert o
n o i s s u c s i d f o e p o c s e h t t i m
il into naitona llevel ,which i sfound to have some
. n o it a z il a b o l g f o e k a w e h t n i s e u s s i l a c it ir c
.
E De ifniitono fTerms
.
1 “Eldorado”
” o d a r o d l E
s t n i o p o w t n e e w t e b n o it a l e r r o c r o f h c r a e s y l e r e m t i s a r e l p m i s s i y d u t s n o s ir a p m o c
e h t , n o i s s u c s i d e h t n
i meaning o f“Eldorado” and globailzaiton .Moreover ,the
n o it u b ir t n o c t a h w f o m r o f e h t n i s i t h g u o s e c n a v e l e
r “Eldorado” make sto
. g n i n a e m e v e ir t e r o t n o it c u rt s n o c e d g n i o g r e d n u r e tf a y ll a i c e p s e , n o it a z il a b o l g
.
4 Globailzaiton
n o it a z il a b o l
G can…bedeifnedast hei ntensiifcaitono fwo lrd-widesocia l s g n i n e p p a h l a c o l t a h t y a w a h c u s n i s e it il a c o l t n a t s i d k n il h c i h w s n o it a l e r
a s i s i h T . a s r e v e c i v d n a y a w a s e li m y n a m g n ir r u c c o s t n e v e y b d e p a h s e r a
b o n a n i e v o m y a m s g n i n e p p a h l a c o l h c u s e s u a c e b s s e c o r p l a c it c e l a i
d verse
l a c o L . m e h t e p a h s t a h t s n o it a l e r d e t a i c n a t s i d y r e v e h t m o r f n o it c e ri d
f o n o i s n e t x e l a r e t a l e h t s a n o it a z il a b o l g f o t r a p a h c u m s a s i n o it a m r o f s n a rt
o c l a i c o
s nneciton sacros sitmeands pace. s n e d d i G
( , 1990 ,a sctiedi nWaters ,2001 ,p .4)
o it a z il a b o l
G n in thi scontex to fstudy ,referirng to Giddens ’de ifniiton a s
s ’r e t a W m l o c l a M n i d e ti
c “Globailzaiton” (2001) ,i sa concep to fwo lrd-wide
l a i c o
s relaitonst hati sgrowingextensivelysince1980’ sandnowi safundamenta l
e h T . d lr o w g n i c n a v d a e h t n i tr a
p wrtie rsee sglobailzaiton i n t he contex tof t hi s
f o t x e t n o c g n ir r u c e r d n a l a b o l g a s a y d u t
s interconnectedness ,o fwhich should be
. d lr o w g n i g n a h c t n a t s n o c e h t h ti w p u p e e k o t y lr e p o r p d e t a d o m m o c c
7
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, s e ir o e h t d e t a l e r f o w e i v e r y l e m a n , s tr a p e e r h t f o s t s i s n o c r e t p a h c s i h T
. k r o w e m a r f l a c it e r o e h t d n a y d u t s e h t f o t x e t n o
c Review o frelated ltierature
y d u t s s i h t n i d e y o l p m e h c a o r p p a d n a s e ir o e h t s t n e s e r
p .Contex to fthe study
. r e tt a m t c e j b u s f o w e i v e r e h t s t n e s e r
p Theoreitcalf rameworkpresentst hi sstudy’ s
t c u d n o c f o k r o w e m a r
f .
.
A Reviewo fRelatedTheories
s i h t n
O par to fthe chapter ,the wrtie rexplain sabou tthe undelrying
t s i h t n i d e y o l p m e s e ir o e h t d n a h c a o r p p
a hesis . There are post-srtucturailsm
. n o it a z il a b o l g f o s e ir o e h t d n a n o it c u rt s n o c e d f o s e ir o e h t , h c a o r p p a
.
1 P -ostStructura ilsmApproach
t s o p e h t , c i s a b s ti t a , d e y o l p m e y d u t s s i h
T -srtucturailsmapproach .Before
t s o p g n i o g r e d n
u -srtucturailsmast heapproacho fthi sstudy ,aclea runderstanding
s i , m s il a r u t c u rt s ,r o s s e c e d e r p s ti n o p
u necessary.I niitally,s rtucturailsmwasf rislty
o t d e c u d o rt n
i accommodatet hestudyont extua lsrtucture .“ tI idenit ife ssrtuctures ,
. g . e ( s n g i s w o d n e h c i h w , s p i h s n o it a l e r f o s m e t s y
s ,words )o r tiem s(e.g. ,clothes ,
s w o h s d n a , s g n i n a e m d n a s e it it n e d i h ti w ) s l a u ti r ,s r e n n a m e l b a t ,s r a
c ust heway s
k n i h t e w h c i h w n
i ” (Wiflred e ta.l ,2011 ,p .169) .In sho tr ,srtucturailsm focuse s
h w n o s e z i s a h p m e t I . k r o w y r a r e ti l f o s i s y l a n a l a u t x e t n
o ati svisiblei nt hef rame
g n i n a e m f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u n a o t g n i d a e l , e r u t c u rt s l a u t x e t a f
e h t n a h t e r o m s e h c r a e s y d u t s s i h t n i d e y o l p m e h c a o r p p a e h t , y r a rt n o c n I
t s o P . t x e t a f o m r o f l a r u t c u rt
s -srtucturails,tt ot hi sexten,tr egardst het ex tasonlya
g n a l f o t c u rt s n o c a h c u s w o h f o n o it s e u q e h t s e s o p t a h t m e t s y
s uagecan contain
1 1 0 2 ,. l a t e d e r fl i W ( s u r o f g n i n a e
m ) .Therefore tii scleart ha tboth srtucturailsm
t s o p d n
a -srtucturailsmaim t o l ook meaning .Wha tdfiferst hoseapproachesi son
p w o
h o -stsrtucturailsm see sthe tex ta sa mere vesse lto contain a bigge ridea ,
. e v it o m s a o s l a n w o n k
P to -s srtucturailsm seek smeaning o rphliosophicali deai mpiled wtihint he
b t a h t g n i y a s y b t i t u o b a e r o m s n i a l p x e ) 9 0 0 2 ( y r r a B . t x e t a f o m r o f l a r u t c u rt
s y
t n o
c rast ,pos tsrtucturailsm de irve sulitmately from phliosophy .Phliosophy i sa
g n i v e i h c a f o y tl u c if fi d e h t e z i s a h p m e o t d e d n e t s y a w l a s a h h c i h w e n il p i c s i d
s ’ e h c s z t e i N n i d e t a l u s p a c n e s i w e i v f o t n i o p s i h T . s g n i h t t u o b a e g d e l w o n k e r u c e s
a e r e h T ‘ k r a m e r s u o m a
f reno facts ,only i nterpretaitons ’(Barry ,2009 ,p .59 .) tI
t s o p t a h t s e d u l c n o
c -srtucturailsmstandsf o rabiast hough to fmeaning ssincethi s
l a n o s r e p e d i w e h t f o s m r e t n i , s e it il i b i s s o p s s e lt i m il s r e f f o h c a o r p p a
a h w s s e l d r a g e r ,l li t s t u B . s n o it a t e r p r e t n
i tmeaning smigh tbeconveyed ou toft he
e b d l u o h s f l e s ti t x e t e h t s d r a w o t n o it c e n n o c a , e r u t a r e ti l a f o m r o f l a u t x e t
. n o it a c if it s u j s a d e h s il b a t s e
.
2 Theorie so fDeconstruciton
t s o
P -srtucturailsmi n t hi sstudy emphasize s ti sfocu so fanalysi supon t he
y r o e h
t o fdeconsrtuciton by Jacque sDerirda .Wiflrede tal .menitoned both t o be
e k il d n a s u o m y n o n y
s srtucturailsm ,deconsrtuciton i denit ifest extualf eature sbut ,
e h t n o s e t a rt n e c n o c , m s il a r u t c u rt s e k il n
p ir n o it c u rt s n o c e d , s k r o w y r o e h t e h t w o h n o n o it s e u q e h t r o f s
A sapar ta
d n o y e b s e il t a h w f o h c r a e s n i r e h tr u f d e z y l a n a r e t a l e b o t s g n i n a e m o t n i t x e t
. s g n i n a e m e c a f r u
s Deconsrtuciton ,in ti simplementaiton ,involve staking apar t
o t c i d a rt n o c l a e v e r o t ” g n i n a e m “ y n
a ry srtucture shidden wtihin bu tsincetherei s
s s o p o
n ib litiy o f absolute rtuth , deconsrtucitonist s seek to undermine al l
ti r o h t u a o t s n o i s n e t e r
p y ,o rpowe rsystem in language (Wiflred e ta.l ,2011 ,p .
.) 6 7
1 Incompairson ,ass tatedbyWiddowsonandBrooker( 1997 ,)t heeasies tway
n o it c u rt s n o c e d d n a t s r e d n u o
t i sdeconsrtuciton begin swhen t he t ex tviolatest he
s e t a l o i v t a h t n o it c i d a rt n o c a r e v e n e h w e r o f e r e h T . fl e s ti r o f p u t e s o t s r a e p p a t i a e d i
. n i g e b n a c s s e c o r p n o it c u rt s n o c e d , s r a e p p a t x e t a f o a e d i l a it i n i e h t
a e h t n i n o it c u rt s n o c e d , s p e t s s ti f o g n i k a e p
S nalysi s look s fo r
con rtadiciton s /paradoxes ,shi tf s /breaksi n tone ,viewpoin,t t ense , itme ,person
d n
a atttiude ,confilcts ,absence s /omissions,l inguisitcquriks ,appo ira ,andt hel as t
t c e f f e , t s a e l t o n t u
b showi ng textua ldisuntiy (Barry ,2009, p .71). Moreover ,
c iritc son post-srtucturailsm ,especiallyi ndeconsrtuciton t heory,f ocu sonsevera l
s g n i h
t asf ollow:
.
a R dea ing t het ex tagains t tisel fto expose wha tmigh tbe t hough to fast he
e b y a m h c i h w d e s s e r p x e e r a s g n i n a e m e r e h w , ’ s u o i c s n o c b u s l a u t x e t‘
. g n i n a e m e c a f r u s e h t o t y r a rt n o c y lt c e ri d
.
b F xi gi n upont hes urfacef eature soft heword s– simliairite ,sr oo tmeanings ,
r o h p a t e
m – and b irnging these to the foreground ,so tha tthey become
e f o d l e if e h t n i y ll a i c e p s e , d lr o w e h t o
t ducaiton .Seeking t herelevance between
a o d a r o d l E d e t c u rt s n o c e d h t o
b nd globailzaiton mean s to seek i f there i s
l a b o l g t n e r r u c e h t d n a k r o w y r a r e ti l s ’ e o P f o g n i n a e m e h t n e e w t e b n o it a l e r r o c
. d lr o w
.
B Contex to ft heStudy
s i h t n
O par to fthe chapter ,the wrtie rreview sthe contex to fthe study .
n a ll A r a g d E n o w e i v e r e r a e r e h
T Poeand“Eldorado”,r eviewJ acque sDerirdaand
. n o it a c u d e n i n o it a z il a b o l g n o w e i v e r d n a n o it c u rt s n o c e D f o y r o e h t
.
1 ReviewonEdgarAllanPoeand“Eldorado”
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ll e w s i e h , ll a e v o b a , t u
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lt n e u q e r f s r e h p a r g o i B
“ y supplemen tthe avaliable histo irca linformaiton wtih
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s i h f o t l u s e r e h t e r o m e r a s g n it ir w s ’ e o P t a h t t c a f e h t s e r o n g i t a h t n o it a r e p s e d
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m t h . g o i b e o p / o f n i n e g / g r o . e o p a e . w w w // : p tt
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o thati mpulseofi denit ifcaiton whichi si ndispensable
n i d e ti c d n a d e t a l s n a rt s a ( ” g n i d a e r r o
f Attirdge ,1992) .Thi sctiaiton drove the
. e c n e r e f e r p d n o y e b r e h tr u f e r o l p x e o t r e ti r w
.
3 ReviewonGlobailza iton inEduca iton
a o t t u o d e h c a e r s a h d lr o w l a b o l g e h
T l lcorner soft heuniverse .Thefac t
t a h
t among7bliilonpeopleoneatrh, eachha sagraspont hedus to fglobailzaiton
y l g n i s a e r c n i g n it t e g s
i visible .Rtize r(2011 )menitoned along the 8 type so f
a r u tl u c t a s i s e l p m a x e t s e l p m i s e h t f o e n O . n o it a z il a b o l
g lglobailzaiton,i nvolving
n o it a z il a b o l G . e b o l g e ri t n e e h t n i d l a n o D c M f o s s e n i s u b e s i h c n a r f f o d a e r p s e h t
f o d l e if e h t n i y ll a i c e p s e , s n r e c n o c e m o s s r e g g ir t m u i n n e ll i m e h t r e tf a e c a p d i p a r
. n o it a c u d E
n o it a n g n i p o l e v e d n i y ll a i c e p s e , n o it a c u d e f o g n i k a e p
S ilke Indonesia ,i t
f o l e v e l e h t f o s m r e t n i d lr o w l a b o l g t n e r r u c f o y ti s s e c e n e h t r e v o c o t s li a f
h t u o S n i e c a p y m o n o c e g n i m o o b e h t h ti w p u p e e k o t s li a f n e v e t I . n o it a c u d
e -Eas t
f o e n o N “ , 2 1 0 2 t s u g u A f o d n e e h t t a e b o l G a tr a k a J e h t m o r f g n it o u Q . a i s A
n o d n
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f o s e c r u o s e v it a ti r o h t u a t s o m s ’ d lr o w e h t f o e n o s a n e e s , s g n i k n a r n o it a c u d E
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.
C Theoreitcal Framework
g n it c u d n o c n o p
U thi sstudy,t hewrtie remployeddeconsrtucitontheorya s
e h
t operaitona lconcept .The theory presente d the nature o fp -ostsrtucturailsm
h c a o r p p
a , sa ti shighe rdomain, in analyzing ltierary works .P -ostsrtucturailsm
y d u t s s i h t f o k r o w e m a r f e h t n i h c a o r p p
a funcitoned to b irdge the wrtie rinto
s i s y l a n a s i h t f o n o it r o p l a u t x e t e h t g n i d n a t s r e d n
u – no tto be confused wtih
e h t s i h c i h w , y d u t s s i h t f o e c n e s s e e h t b a r g o t r e ti r w e h t d e l t I . m s il a r u t c u rt s
n i s g n i n a e m e h t n a h t r e h t a r ,t x e t n o c n i s g n i n a e m r o f h c r a e
s tex.t
t s o p d e y o l p m e y d u t s s i h t t a h t t n e v e e h t n i , r e v e w o
H -srtucturailsm
e m o s e c it o n o t d a h y d u t s e h t , n o it c u rt s n o c e d f o y r o e h t e h t h ti w h c a o r p p a
y r o e h t c i s a b e h T . s i s y l a n a f o s n m u l o c l a t n e m a d n u
f o fdeconsrtuciton ,proposedby
a d ir r e
D a sctiedinBarryandWiflrede tal, staitngt ha ttil ooksf o rconrtadicitoni n
s g n i n a e
m became t he frist t hing t o noitcei n t hi sstudy .Asi n ti soperaiton ,s t he
n o it a c il p m i s ti d n a g n i n a e m f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u e h t d e y o l p m e r e ti r
w o fsurfaceand
.s g n i n a e m r e p e e d
r a e l c g n i v a h r e tf
A paramete ronwha tmeaning sshould bei nferred,t hese t
s p e t s n o it c u rt s n o c e d f
o a sproposedbyBarryweret henconducted. Conrtadiciton s
. t x e t e h t t u o h g u o r h t d e h c r a e s n e h t e r
a Sincet hes tudyt ookonpoertya stiss ubjec t
, r e tt a
m Shklovsky and Stocwel lidea on deconsrtucitng poerty wa salso se ta s
f o g n i n a e m d e t c u rt s n o c e d f o t l u s e r e h t o t d e l ll a t I . n o it a r e d i s n o
c “Eldorado”.
e h t f o n o it a r e d i s n o c l a it i n i e h t h ti w , e c a l p k o o t n e h t h c r a e s e r y r a d n o c e S
a b o l g o t e t u b ir t n o c o t e l b a e b t s u m s e i d u t s l l a t a h t r e ti r
w ilzaiton today ,a
d e t c u d n o c s a w e c n a v e l e r f o y d u t s n o s ir a p m o
n o it a z il a b o l g n o p
u by Rtize rand Waters .Fo llowing wast hecompairsonstudy o f
d u t s e h T . n o it a z il a b o l g d n a n o it c u rt s n o c e d f o t l u s e r e h t n e e w t e b e c n a v e l e r e h
t y
d l e if n o it a c u d e o t y ll a i c e p s e , n o it a z il a b o l g f o s d l e if 8 s ’ r e z ti R o t d r a g e r n i s a w
. y tl u c a F n o it a c u d E n o s e k a t r e ti r w e h t e c n i
s At l as,t t he wrtie rexpected t o ifnd
, n o it a z il a b o l g o t n r e c n o c s e r a h s d e t c u rt s n o c e d s a w t i s a o d a r o d l E m e o p e h t t a h t
ll a i c e p s
8 1
I
I
I
R
E
T
P
A
H
C
Y
G
O
L
O
D
O
H
T
E
M
, r e tt a m t c e j b u s f o w e i v e r y l e m a n , s tr a p e e r h t f o s t s i s n o c r e t p a h c s i h T
d n a h c a o r p p
a procedure .Subjec tmatte rpresentst hes ubjec tbeinganalyzedi nt hi s
.r e w s n a e h t n i a t b o o t d e y o l p m e h c a o r p p a y r a r e ti l e h t s t n e s e r p h c a o r p p A . y d u t s
. d e t c u d n o c s a w y d u t s s i h t w o h s t n e s e r p e r u d e c o r p e li h
W
.
A Objec to fStudy
s i y d u t s s i h t f o n r e c n o c n i a m e h t d n a t s ri f e h
T “Eldorado” ,a poem ,the
h g u o h T . e o P n a ll A r a g d E , s t e o p n a c ir e m A t s e t a e r g e h t f o e n o f o n o it a e r c y r e v
n e i c n a e h t o t g n ir r e f e r y ll a r e n e
g tlegend oft hectiyo fgold i n LaitnAmeirca,t he
n i t h g i n k a f o e l g g u rt s a s ll e t m e o p e h t ,t r o h s n I . e n il y r o t s t n e r e f fi d a s r e f f o m e o p
d e m a n e c a l p h c u s f o h c r a e
s Eldorado .Du irng hisj ourney ,hemeet sup t o many
t y ll a u t n e v e t a h t s e l c a t s b o d n a s e g n e ll a h
c he land i sseemingly nowhere to be
. d n u o
f “Eldorado” int hi sstudy i sa ssubjec tmatte rtobeanalyzed byemploying
t s o p e h
t -srtucturailsmapproachandt heundelryingt heoryo fdeconsrtuciton.
n o it a z il a b o l g f o a e d i e h
T in thi sstudy i sposiitoned a sa globa land
. t p e c n o c g n ir r u c e
r The stance o fglobailzaiton funciton sto make compairson to
s d r a w o t n o it c u rt s n o c e d f o t l u s e r e h
t “Eldorado” . tIi sconsiderednecessaryf ort he
n e e w t e b e c n a v e l e r g n i k e e s f o y a w a n i , e r a p m o c o t r e ti r
w Eldorado and
. n o it a z il a b o l
g Moreover ,globailzaiton in thi sstudy impile sto 8 majo rtype so f
o t d e ti m il s i s i s y l a n a s i h t n i n o it a z il a b o l g , r e v e w o H . ) n o it a c u d e , tr o p s , e n i c i d e m
n o it a c u d e n o s u c o f y l n
o ifeld ,wtih the concern tha tthi sstudy i staken unde r
. y tl u c a F n o it a c u d E
.
B Approacho fStudy
p s y o l p m e y d u t s s i h
T o -stsrtucturailsm approach a s ti s basi s ltierary
t s o P . n o it c u d n
i -srtucturailsm approach emphasize son phliosophica laspec to fa
n a e m l a u t x e t n o
c ing ,rathe rthan searching the impilci ttextua lmeaning .I tlook s
s i t x e t n o c s i h t n i h c i h w , t x e t y r a r e ti l a f o g n i n a e m l a r u t c u rt s e h t d n o y e b
“Eldorado” .A sfo r tis i mplementaiton i n t hi sstudy ,post-srtucturailsm approach
o c e d f o y r o e h t e h t s y o l p m e r e h tr u
f nsrtuciton ,a sproposed by Jacque sDerirda ,a
.r e h p o s o li h p h c n e r
F Deconsrtuciton i s a theory undelrying the search fo r
. g n i n a e m d n o y e b n o it c i d a rt n o
c I t seek s fo r con rtadiciton s wtihin a textua l
a n i m a t n o c ‘ , s y a s a d ir r e D s a , t h g i m t a h w r o f g n i k o o l , k r o w e m a r
f te’t hemeaning .
e h t s e s s e s s o p t i e c n i s e z y l a n a o t t c e j b u s e r a t x e t a n i s n o it c i d a rt n o c e h T
. g n i n a e m r e p e e d r o e v it o m o t s r e f e r h c i h w f o , n o it n e t n i f o n r e tt a p s u o i c s n o c b u s
y d u t s s i h t ,r e v o e r o
M also employs t heo ire so fglobailzaiton ,mainly from
d n a r e z ti
R Waters , to complete the analysis . The funciton o f theo ire s o f
n o it a z il a b o l g f o y c n e g r u d n a e c n a tr o p m i e h t e v o r p o t s i y d u t s s i h t n i n o it a z il a b o l g
.t i e t a d o m m o c c a o t e l b a e b d l u o h s y d u t s e r u t a r e ti l s i h t t a h
t tIi st ha tglobailzaiton
a it n e s s e h c u m o s s e m o c e
b li nt oday’sl fiet ha ttii mpactst oalmos teveryno itono f
.
C Methodo fStudy
y r a r b il e s o h c r e ti r w e h t , y d u t s e h t f o e r u t a n y r a r e ti l e h t o t g n ir r e f e R
n a g e b r e ti r w e h T . d o h t e m c i s a b e h t s a h c r a e s e
r wtih collecitng data a sthe
y ll a i c e p s e , e r u t a r e ti l o t d e t a l e r s k o o b e m o s f o n e k a t s a w a t a d e h T . d n u o r g k c a b
t s o
p -srtucturailsm approach on deconsrtuciton ) and globailzaiton study .
n r e c n o c l a n o it a c u d e o t d e t a l e r s e s a c e m o s p u d e k o o l o s l a r e ti r w e h t ,r e v o e r o
M in
, d e c if f u s g n i v a h r e tf A . n o it a ti m il d e t c e p x e e h t t e e m o t m u i n n e ll i m d ri h t e h t
. y r o e h t d n a h c a o r p p a , s r e tt a m t c e j b u s o t d e t n i o p t i s a d e t c e l e s s a w a t a d y r a m ir p
. n o it c u rt s n o c e d s e g a t s o w t t c u d n o c o t s a w s i s y l a n a e h t n i n e k a t s p e t s e h T
n e w e g a t s t s ri f e h
T ton to look fo rthe poem’ sltiera lo rsurface interpretaiton ,
r o f k o o l o t s a w e g a t s d n o c e s e h t s a e r e h
w conrtadiciton wtihin the ilne s o r
d e t c u rt s n o c e d e h t g n i v e i h c a r e tf A . n o it a t e r p r e t n i d e r u t c u rt
s meaningoft hepoem ,
a e s e r y r a d n o c e s d e t c u d n o c r e ti r w e h
t rch on the study o fcompa irson through
h ti w d e d u l c n o c t I . n o it a z il a b o l g d n a g n i n a e m w e n e h t n e e w t e b e c n a v e l e r g n i k e e s
r e t n i c if i c e p
s -relaiton between the meaning o f“Eldorado” and Globailzaiton in
1 2
V
I
R
E
T
P
A
H
C
N
O
I
S
S
U
C
S
I
D
n o i s s u c s i d f o s tr a p r o j a m o w t s s u c s i d l li w r e t p a h c s i h
T a smenitoned i n t he k
r o w e m a r
f .Frislty,i tdiscussest he deconsrtucitonstudyonEdga rAllanPoe’ spoem e h t n e e w t e b e c n a v e l e r f o y d u t s n o s ir a p m o c e h t s e s s u c s i d t i , y l d n o c e S . o d a r o d l E
. n o it a c u d e f o d l e if n i n o it a z il a b o l g d n a o d a r o d l E d e t c u rt s n o c e d f o g n i n a e m
.
A TheDeconstruc itono f“Eldorado”
r e ti r w e h t ,r e t p a h c e h t f o t r a p s i h t n
O conductedananalysi son“Eldorado”by s
i tI . a d ir r e D y b d e s o p o r p s e ir o e h t e h t g n i s u t i g n it c u rt s n o c e
d then divided into t he n i s n o it c i d a rt n o c e h t n o s i s y l a n a e h t d n a ” o d a r o d l E “ f o g n i n a e m l a r e ti l e h t n o s i s y l a n a
e c n a c if i n g i s s ti d n a ” o d a r o d l E
“ .
.
1 TheLtiera lMeaningo f“Eldorado”
“Eldorado” ha sbeen a subjec tfo rplenty studie sas i twa sw irtten by one o f o t y lt s o m n w o n k s i e o P . e o P n a ll A r a g d E , y t e i c o s n r e t s e W e h t n i s t e o p t s e t a e r g e h t
. d e t a e r c k r o w y r a r e ti l y r e v e d n a h c a e n i s s e n k r a d f o e s n e s e h t e t a v e l
e Bu tunilke t he
t a h t g n i y a s n o it p m u s e r
p the poem vividly wrap sthe edgy side o fPoe ,Eldorado i s 6 f o g n it s i s n o c , m e o p f o m r o f c i s s a l c e n o s i m e o p e h T . y h p o s o li h p c i s s a l c h ti w d e ll if
t e r o l p x e o t y ti li b i s s o p s s e lt i m il s r e f f o t I . y d u t s s i h t f o e n il g a t e h t s e m o c e b n e h t ) 9
5 he
s w e i v e s a c s i h t n i t x e t n o C . t x e t n o c e l b a li a v a y n a r e d n u t x e
t “Eldorado” a sat ex talone d n if o t r e d r o n i s e c e i p n i d e t e r p r e t n i e b n a c h c i h w s d r o w f o h c n u b a y l n o d n a
f o n o it c i d a rt n o
c disuntiy( seeBarry ,2009 .)
B t a h t s p e t s e h t d e w o ll o f r e ti r w e h t ,s u h
T arry proposed on deconsrtucitng a s a n o it c i d a rt n o c f o h c r a e s n i n o it a t e r p r e t n i f o m o d e e r f e h t o t n o s ir a p m o c a n e h T . t x e t
l a t e d e r fl i W y b d e s o p o r
p and wa smade .The proces sresutls i n t he wrtie r ifnding s l
a r e v e
s conrtadicitons in the tex to f“Eldorado” .The ‘gaps ’are a sdesc irbed in the :
e l b a t g n i w o ll o f
. 1 . 4 e l b a
T : Contradic itonsi nEAP’ sEldorado
. o
N Contradic iton Reasons Example
.
1 Raitonaltiy I ti sa sexplained above in the t i t a h t m e o p e h t f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u
l a c i g o ll i e m o s g n o l a s e ir r a
c
-t a h w e m o
s -metapho irc ilne .s
g n il l e v a rt t h g i n k f o a e d i e h T
l a e r e b o t ti u s t o n s e o d g n o l a
f i n e v e , l a c i g o ll i s m e e s d n a
r a l u c it r a p e h t n i d e il p p a s i ti
. m e o p e h t n i e m it f o g n it t e s
.
2 Ambigutiy Some words i n t he poemend up o n d n a n o it i n if e d r a e l c o n h ti w
t h g i m s i h T . n o i s u l c n o c r a e l c
t e r p r e t n i o t r e d a e r e h t t c i d a rt n o c
t i t a h w d n o y e b r a f m e o p e h
t i s
. d e t c e p x e y l n o m m o c
r a e l c o n s i e r e h T
m ir g li P ‘ f o n o it a n a l p x e
t i f i n o it n e m o t s a ’ w o d a h S
g n i e b a s
i o rnot .Moreover ,
t o n s i f l e s ti o d a r o d l E
o d a r o d l E s ’ P A E n i s n o it c i d a r t n o C . 1 . 4 e l b a
T (Con ’td)
. o
N Contradic iton Reasons Example
.
3 Word n o it it e p e R
e h t , o d a r o d l E e lt it e h t w o ll o f o T
e b d l u o h s m e o p e h t f o s u c o f
e h t , r e v e w o H . fl e s ti o d a r o d l E
y l n o s i ’ o d a r o d l E ‘ d r o w
s e m it ) r u o f ( 4 d e n o it n e m
h ti w n u rt u o , m e o p e h t t u o h g u o r h t
s i h c i h w ’ w o d a h s ‘ d r o w e h t
s e m it ) e v if ( 5 d n o it n e m
s i ’ o d a r o d l E ‘ d r o w e h T
e n o it n e
m d in ilne 6 ,12 ,
e h t t s li h W . 4 2 d n a , 8 1
s i ’ w o d a h s ‘ d r o w
, 9 , 3 e n il n i d e n o it n e m
. 1 2 d n a , 6 1 , 5 1
.
4 Rhyme There are perfec t rhyming in e h t n i g n it l u s e r , a z n a t s h c a e
d r o w e h t f o g n ir a e p p a t n a t s n o c
n i d r o w t s a l e h t s a n i ’ w o d a h s ‘
t s h c a e f o e n il d ri h t y r e v
e anza
e h t s a n i ’ o d a r o d l E ‘ d r o w e h t d n a
f o e n il h t x i s y r e v e n i d r o w t s a l
e m o s t u B . a z n a t s h c a e
e h t t a h t s r a e p p a y c n e t s i s n o c n i
o d h t x i s d n a h tr u o f , d n o c e s , t s ri f
. g n o l a e m o c t o n
1stStanza
.t h g il d e B : 1 e n i L
t h g i n K . 2 e n i L
: 3 e n i
L Shadow
g n o L : 4 e n i L
: 5 e n i
L Song
: 6 e n i
L Eldorado
2ndStanza
h t g n e rt S : 1 e n i L
h t g n e L . 2 e n i L
: 3 e n i
L Shadow
d n u o F : 4 e n i L
d n u o r G : 5 e n i L
: 6 e n i
, e c a l p f o t u o e b o t r a e p p a s n o it c i d a rt n o c e s e h
T thoughi tmigh tseem t o be a e
c n i s n o it a t e r p r e t n i e h t n o g n i d n e p e d n i a g a s i t I . tr a f o e s n e
s meaning i salway s
e
d ferred a sDer irda himsel fonce stated .The poin ti stha tthe conrtadiciton sa spu t t
a h T . g n i h t y n a n a e m d l u o c e v o b
a word sarealway scontaminated( Be trens ,2003)and r
a v g n i n a e
m ie s from one reade r to another (Stockwell , 2002) are the perfec t o
t n o it a d n u o
f conitnue the research on deconsrtuciton .A tferall ,the conrtadiciton s f o y d u t s e h t d e r e d r o b s a , m e o p e h t f o k r o w e m a r f l a u t x e t e h t n i h ti w r a e p p a
. n o it c u rt s n o c e d
n n o p
U arrowi ngdownt hisr esearch,t hewrtierl ookst oanalyzeonlyt heword y ll a it i n i r e ti r w e h t e s u a c e b r e ti r w e h t s e t a v it p a c t I . m e o p e h t n i h ti w n o it it e p e r
i t I . ” o d a r o d l E “ d n o y e b s e il t a h w o t n o it a t e r p r e t n i e h t d n e b n a c t i t a h t d e v e il e
b s
s i , e lt it s ’ m e o p e h t o s l a s i h c i h w , ’ o d a r o d l E ‘ d r o w e h t t a h t e e s o t , h g u o h t g n i s ir p r u s
y lt h g il s n a h t l a e d r e t a e r g a s w o h s t I . m e o p e h t n i h ti w d r o w r e h t o n a y b n u r r e v o
s d n a t s f l e s ti ’ w o d a h s ‘ f o g n i n a e m e h t , y ll a u t c a t a h t s w o h s t I . e o P y b g n it ir w d e d n e t n i
fo ra way more essenita lmeaning than Eldorado the subject .To a more complete s ’ e o P n a ll A r a g d E n i n o it it e p e r s d r o w t n e u q e r f t s o m e h t f o t s il e h t s i w o l e b , li a t e d
: o d a r o d l E
o d a r o d l E n i n o it it e p e R d r o W : . 2 . 4 e l b a T
. o
N Word Numbero fRepe it iton Func iton
.
1 Shadow 5 Noun ,Adjecitve .
o d a r o d l E n i n o it it e p e R d r o W : . 2 . 4 e l b a
T (Con ’td)
.
3 H e 3 Pronoun
.
4 Knight 3 Noun
.
5 I n 3 Preposiiton
, s e m it ) e v if ( 5 s a y n a m s a m e o p e h t n i d e n o it n e m t p e k s i w o d a h s ‘ d r o w e h T
f o t e s t n e r e f fi d a n i h g u o h
t context .Thi si st irvia lphenomena tha tare no to tfen ) r u o f ( 4 d e n o it n e m y l n o s i ’ o d a r o d l E ‘ d r o w e h t t a h t t c a f e h t s s e l d r a g e r , d e s s u c s i d
s ti s t e s o s l a , o d a r o d l E r o f g n i m i a e d i s a , m e o p e h t t a h t s e d u l c n o c s i h T . s e m it
l a , r e v o e r o M . fl e s ti w o d a h s o t r e t e m a r a
p ine in the poem ,“and ove rhi shea tr ,a .t
e r g e r o t e c n e r e f e r t c e ri d a n e v e s i , ” w o d a h
s A simliartiyt ha t‘shadow’ make swtih e h t g n i w o ll o f , e t a l e m o c h t o b t a h t s i t e r g e r f o g n il e e f d e n o it n e m y l s u o i v e r p e h t
n a m e h t , m e o p e h t n I . a e d i r o n o s r e p a f o p e t s t o o
f in t he story,t he knigh,ti s t old t o e h t , d n e e h t o t t e Y . o d a r o d l E e c a l p e h t d n if o t ) 3 e n il ( s t h g i n d n a s y a d t n e p s e v a h
.) a z n a t s t s a l( s u o u g i b m a s n i a m e r s i y ll a u t c a e c a l p e h t e r e h w f o n o it p ir c s e d
’ w o d a h s ‘ d r o w e h t y b n o it it e p e r f o s r e b m u n g n ir e g g a t s e h
T infilct sto a s
. t n e m ll if l u f e m y h r e r o m s e ir r a c t i t a h t g n i y a
s tI ,a scla ir ifedabove ,desc irbe stha tunit l t o n f o t r a e h s i h r e v o g n il e e f y w o d a h s e h t s a h l li t s t h g i n k e h t , m e o p e h t f o d n e e h t
y l d a o r B . ” o d a r o d l E “ g n i d n
if speaking ,“Eldorado” i s commonly viewed a sa man’ s e
h t d n if o t e l g g u rt
s place .On t he othe rhand ,upon employing deconsrtuciton as t he ,
y r o e h t g n i y lr e d n
t s i w t a e ti u q d e e d n I . e l g g u rt s s s e lt s e r r e d n u e n o g g n i v a
h tha ta poemend sup saying b
i s s o p s i t i l li t s t u b , m a e r d s i h e v e i h c a o t s li a f n a m e h t t a h
t l .e There are o fcourse e h T . s s e c c u s n a h t r e h t a r e r u li a f n i p u s d n e m e o p e h t f o a e d i s i h t y h w s n o it o n l a r e v e s
m s i ” o d a r o d l E “ f o t u o b a e r e h w e h t f o e s p m il g a h g u o h t t a h t e n o t s ri
f enitonedby t he
e n il t c a x e o n s i e r e h t , m e o p e h t f o d n
e saying tha tthe knigh tseek sfo rsuch place t c a x e e h t f o n o it p ir c s e d e h t s i t x e N . w o d a h s m ir g li P o t r i a p s e d g n it a t s s i h r e tf a
f o s n i a t n u o m e h t r e v o s e il t i t a h t d r u s b a s n i a m e r ” o d a r o d l E “ f o t u o b a e r e h
w themoon
. d n if o t e g n e ll a h c r e h t o n a e b l li w e s r u o c f o h c i h w , w o d a h s f o y e ll a v e h t n w o d d n a
l a r e n e g e h t s t c i d a rt n o c t i w o h d n a ’ w o d a h s ‘ s d r o w e h t t a e r o m g n i k o o L
, e l g g u rt s s ’ n a m a s a ” o d a r o d l E “ f o n o it a t e r p r e t n
i belowaret hecompletedetalis:
: . 3 . 4 e l b a
T Detai lof‘ Shadow ’Repe it itons
. o
N L ine LtieralMeaning Contradic iton
.
1 In sunshine and w
o d a h s
s t h g i n d n a s y a
D I ti simpossible tha tthe knigh t , t h g i n d n a y a d t u o h g u o r h t s l e v a rt
f o e m it e m o s g n i v a h t u o h ti w
. k a e r b .
2 And o’e rhi shear t ashadow
s i
H havingadoubt The ilne oppose s the iniita l e h h c i h w n i ,t h g i n k e h t f o e c n a t s
s i h g n i h c a e r f o s e v e il e b y l m ri f
s n o it it e p e R ’ w o d a h S ‘ f o l i a t e D : . 3 . 4 e l b a
T (Con ’td)
.
3 He me ta Plig irm w
o d a h S
a o t s k a e p s e H
g n i e b e v it a r u g if
f o y ti t n e d i e h
T ifguraitvePlig irm y lt i c il p m i r e v e n s i w o d a h S
t i g n i k a m , m e o p e h t n i d e l a e v e r
.s e n il e h t f o t s e r e h t o t t n a v e l e r ri .
4 “Shadow”,s aidhe Aquesitont os efl The word ‘Shadow ’ sta tr s to n a m e h t r o d o G r e h ti e o t r e f e r
y r o ir p r e v e n s g n i h t o w t , fl e s m i h
. d e n o it n e m .
5 Down the Valley f
o Shadow
o s e c a l p a o T
. h c a e r o t tl u c if fi d
l a e r o s s i o d a r o d l E f o y r o t s e h T
e r e h T . s e v e il e b t h g i n k e h t t a h t
t c n it s i d d n a r a e l c t s u m
.t u o b a e r e h w s ti f o n o it a n a l p x e
e h t n i h ti w e l o r f o t n u o m a t a e r g a s e t u b ir t n o c d e e d n i ’ w o d a h s ‘ d r o w e h t ,s u h T
t c e ri d a t o n y ll a u t n e v e s i w o d a h s t u B . s d r o w f o r e b m u n e h t f o m r o f n i y l n o t o n , t x e t
a h S . e v a h o t d e m u s e r p s i t h g i n k e h t t a h t t e r g e r o t e c n e r e f e
r dow stand sfo rsevera l f o n o it a t e r p r e t n i w e n a e t a e r c y e h t h c i h w n i , e v o b a d e n o it n e m s a s n o i x e l p m o c
e h t d e t n a w f l e s m i h e o P t a h t r a e l c t i s e k a m ’ w o d a h S ‘ h c a e f o y ti n u s i d e h T . w o d a h s
p o p a t s u j t o n s i ti t a h t a e d i e h t p s a r g o t r e d a e
’ w o d a h S ‘ d r o w e h t d e t p e c n
i though they do no tactually if tto the srtucture o fthe m
e o
p - in t erm so fcoherence .A ilne containing shadow even opposes t he previou s .
4 e l b a T ( e d a m d a h e o P t a h t e c n a t
s 3 .No .2) .Anothe reven l eaves t he poem t o have .
4 e l b a T ( y t n i a tr e c n u f o g n i d n
e 3 .No .5 .)
r a l u c it r a p a h ti w n o it p e c n i l a n o s r e p h g u o r h t d e m r o f s i , n e h t , w o d a h S
e c a l p e h t t u o b a r e v e n s i o d a r o d l E m e o p e h t t a h t r e il r a e d e n o it n e m s a s i tI . n o it n e t n i
. ” e c a l p t a h t o t n i g n it t e g “ f o t p e c n o c e h t r e h t a r t u b , o d a r o d l
E Impilcilty ,Poewrapst he o
d l E f o a e d
i rado t o be a preciou splace or t hing t ha ta man would spend a j ourney ti
r o f g n i k o o
l ;a mere t easer whatsoever .There are va irous t hings i n t hi swo lrd t ha t d n a h tl a e w , e m a f , y o j s a h c u s , o d a r o d l E f o n o it a t e r p r e t n i l a r e ti l e h t n i a l p x e d l u o c
. e s l e y n a
m The knighthood statu sof t he knigh tmakes i talmost i mpossible t hat t he t u B . o w t e s o h t f o n o i s s e s s o p n i y d a e rl a e h e c n i s , e m a f d n a h tl a e w g n it n a w e b t h g i n k
a e b o t d e z i n g o c e r s y a w l a s i t h g i n k A . t x e t n o c t n e r e f fi d y l e ri t n e n a t n e s e r p t h g i m y o j
s u o m a f d n a y h tl a e
w ifgurei nt hes ociety ,butt hoseonlydono tguaranteehi spersona l h g u o h t , y li m a f e h t y b d e ti r e h n i g n i h t a t o n s i y o J . y o j f o g n il e e f e h t n i s a , n o it c a f s it a s
, d n a s e c n e ir e p x e h g u o r h t , d e c a r b m e s i y o J . y o j f o g n il e e f s ’ e n o t r o p p u s n a c y li m a f
m i t s o
m po tranlty ,ti sconrtary,s orrow– ors hadowi nt het extualf rame. fl
e s ti w o d a h s s d r o w e h
T ,mos timpo tranlty ,stand sto create o rprecisely to f
o y ti r u c s b o f o t u o g n i n a e m , e z i s a h p m
e “Eldorado” n .I thi scase ,the metapho ro f d
e s i m o r
p -landEldorado canr efe robsessiono rsome migh tcalli tdream .Thef acti s , .
m a e r d e v e i h c a o t li a f s e m it e m o s n a
s b r e v o r p e k a m n e v e y e h t , e r u li a f m o r f n r a e l e l p o e P . d n i k n a m n i n o it o n l a it n e s s e n a
.t i f o t u o
t a h t s e d u l c n o c t
I that t he knigh’t sfaliure t o get t o “Eldorado” t eache shim a , e v it a g e n t a h w e m o s e b o t s m e e s e r u li a f h g u o h t , r e h tr u f n o it n e m o T . n o s s e l y h tr o w
f o s y a d r e tf a t s r u b y ll a u t n e v e l li w r e t h g u a l ll A . ti g n i w o ll o f s e m o c s y a w l a s s e n d o o g
e d i s n i s n i a m e r n i a p e h t h g u o h t , w o r r o
s wtihin t he verycore o ffeeilng. The analogy t
a h t g n i y a s y b s e o
g aperson shal lnotf ee lanyj oywtihou texpe irencingsorrow . tI i s t
t a h t g n i y a s a e k
il here i sno darkness ,only the absence o f ilght .A person canno t c
n e r e f e r g n i k a m t u o h ti w s s e n k r a d e n if e
d e to the ilght .The more disitnc ti tis ,the .
e b l li w n o it i n if e d e h t r e r a e l
c Atl as,ts tli,lt hemos tulitmatej oyi st heref ort heperson e
fi l n i y r e s i m t s e p e e d e h t d e c n e ir e p x e s a h o h
w ,f aliure.
.
B TheRelevanceonGlobailza iton
r e ti r w e h t , r e t p a h c e h t f o t r a p s i h t n
O looked upon the concern o f f
o e c n a v e l e r a p u t e s o t d e t p m e tt a t s li h w n o it a z il a b o l
g “Eldorado” in the wake o f n
o it a z il a b o l
g . Thereares evera lcir itca lconcern sdiscussedi nt hi spa tr ,namelyr elated r
e t n i ” o d a r o d l E “ w o h d n a a i s e n o d n I n i n o it a c u d e , e t a r t n e m y o l p m e n u o
t -relate t o al l
. d e n o it n e m e h t f o
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