136
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abdullah, W.G. 2007. Studi Komparatif Perilaku Petani Terhadap Risiko Usahatani Padi Non Organik dan Semi Organik di Kabupaten Sragen. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Adewuyi S.A., M.U. Agbonlahor, A.T. Oke. 2013. Technical efficiency analysis of cassava farmers in Ogun State Nigeria. IJAFS. 4(14): 515-522.
Adiyoga, W., R. Suherman, N. Gunadi & A. Hidayat, 2004. Aspek Nonteknis dan Indikator Efisiensi Sistem Pertanaman Tumpangsari Sayuran Dataran Tinggi. Jurnal Hortikultura. 14(3): 217-227
Adiyoga, W., R. Suherman, N. Gunadi & A. Hidayat. 2004. Karakteristik Teknis Sistem Pertanaman Polikultur Sayuran Dataran Tinggi. Jurnal Hortikutura. 14: 287-301.
Adiyoga & T.A. Soetiarso. 1999. Strategi petani dalam pengelolaan risiko pada usahatani cabai. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayur. Jurnal Hortikultura 8(4): 1299-1311.
Ahmad, M., G.M. Chaudhry & M. Iqbal. 2002. Wheat Productivity, Efficiency, and Sustainability: A Stochastic Production Frontier Analysis. The Pakistan Development Review. 41(4):643-663.
Aigner, D.J., C.A.K. Lovell & P. Schmidt. 1977. Formulation and Estimation Stochastic Frontier Production Function Model. Journal of Econometrics. 5(6): 21-37
Akanbi U.O., O.A. Omotesho & O.E. Ayinde. 2011. Analysis Of Technical Efficiency Of Rice Farms In Duku Irrigation Scheme Kwara State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal Of Agriculture, Food And Environment. 7(3):65-72.
Amri, M.K. 2011. Risiko Harga Sayuran di Indonesia. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Anderson, J.R., J.L. Dillon & J.B. Hardaker. 1977. Agricultural Decision Analysis. The Iowa State University Press. Ames. Iowa.
Anderson, J.R. & W. Griffiths. 1982. Production Risk and Efficient Allocation of Resources. Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics. 26 (3): 226-232. Argiles, J.M. dan Brown, N.D. 2010. “A Comparative of the Economic and
Environmental Performances of Conventional and Organic Farming: evidence from financial statements”, Agricultural Economics Review, 11(1), 69-86.
Astuti, A. 1992. Analisis Risiko dan Perilaku Petani Bawang Putih di Kabupaten Bantul Yogyakarta. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta
Aye, G.C. & K.O. Oji. 2004. Effect of Poverty on Risk Attitude of Farmers in Benue State Nigeria. Department of Agricultural Economics. University of Agriculture. Makurdi.
137
Ayinde, O.E., O.A. Omotesho & M.O. Adewumi. 2008. Risk Attitudes and Management Strategies of Small Scale Crop Producer in Kwara State, Nigeria: A Ranking Approach. African Journal of Business Management. 2(12): 217-221.
Barry, P.J. 1984. Risk Management in Agriculture. Iowa State University Press. Ames. Iowa.
Basnayake, B.M. J.K., and Gunaratne, L. H. P. 2002. ‘Estimation of Technical Efficiency and It’s Determinants in the Tea Small Holding Sector in the Mid Country Wet Zone of Sri Lanka’, Sri Lanka Journal of Agricultural Economics 4: 137-150.
Battese, G.E. & G.S. Corra. 1977. Estimation of A Production Frontier Model: With Application to The Pastoral Zone of Eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics. 21 (3): 169-179.
Battese, G.E. & T.J. Coelli. 1988. Prediction of Firm-Level Technical Efficiencies With a Generalized Frontier Production Function and Panel Data. Journal of Econometrics 38: 387-399.
Battese, G.E. and T.J. Coelli. 1992. Frontier Production Functions, Technical Efficiency and Panel Data: with Application to Paddy Farmers in India. The Journal of Productivity Analysis, 3(1): 153-169.
Battese, G.E., A.N. Rambaldi & G.H. Wan. 1997. A Stochastic Frontier Production Function with Flexible Risk Properties. Journal of Productivity Analysis. 8: 269-280.
Battese, G.E., T.J. Coelli & T.C. Colby. 1989. Estimation of Frontier Production Function and The Efficiencies of Indian Farms Using Panel Data from Icrasat’s Village Level Studies. ISSN 0157-0188. ISBN 085834 7970.
Beattie, B.R. & C.R. Taylor. 1985. The Economics of Production. John Wiley and Sons. New York.
Beets, W.C. 1982. Multiplecropping and tropical farming systems. Westview Press, Boulder. Colorado. USA.
BPS Provinsi Jawa Tengah. 2016. Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam Angka 2016. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Semarang.
BPS Provinsi Jawa Tengah. 2016. Kabupaten Semarang dalam Angka 2016. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Semarang.
BPS Provinsi Jawa Tengah. 2016. Statistik Pertanian Hortikultura Jawa Tengah 2012 -2014. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Semarang.
Basnayake, B.M.J.K. & Gunaratne. L.H.P. 2002. Estimation of Technical Efficiency and It’s Determinants in the Tea Small Holding Sector in the Mid Country Wet Zone of Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan Journal of Agricultura Economics. 4(1): 137-150.
138
Binici, T., K.O. Ali, C.R. Zulauf & A. Bayaner. 2003. Risk Attitudes of Farmers in Terms of Risk Aversion: A Case Study of Lower Seyhan Plain Farmers in Adana Province Turkey. Turkey Journal Agricultural. 27(2): 305-312.
Bozoglu and Ceyhan, V. 2007. Measuring the Technical Efficiency and Exploring the Inefficiency Determinant of Vegetable Farms in Samsung Province, Turkey. Agric. Syst. 94: 649-656
Bokusheva, R. & H. Hockmann. 2006. Production Risk and Technical Inefficiency in Russian Agriculture. European Review of Agricultural Economics. 33 (1): 93–11
Bravo-Uretra, B.E. & A.E. Pinheiro. 1997. Technical, Economic and Allocative Efficiency in Peasant Farming: Evidence from the Dominican Republic. The Developing Economies. XXXV(1):48-67.
Bravo-Ureta, B.E., D. Solis, V.H.M. Lopez, J.F. Maripani, A. Thiam & T. Rivas. 2007. Technical Efficiency in Farming: A Meta-regression Analysis. Journal of Productivity Analysis. 27(1): 57-72.
Brookfield, H. & C. Padoch. 1994. Appreciating Agrodiversity: A Look at The Dynamism and Diversity of Indigenous Farming Practices. Environment. 36(5):37-45.
Brown, M.L. 1979. Farm Budgets from Farm Income Analysis to Agricultural Project Analysis. Published for the World Bank. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore and London.
Carter, M.R. 1984. Identification of the Inverse Relationship between Farm Size and Productivity : An Empirical Analysis of Peasant Agricultural Production. Oxford Economic Papers. 36(1): 131-145.
Cavigelli, M.A., B.L. Hima, J.C. Hanson, J.R. Teasdale, A.E. Conklin & Y. Lu. 2009. Long-term economic performance of organic and conventional field crops in the mid-Atlantic region. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems. 24(2): 102–119.
Ceyhan, V. 2010. Assessing the Agricultural Sustainability of Conventional Farming System in Samsun Province of Turkey. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 5(13), pp. 1572-1583, 4 July 2010. At http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR
Coelli, T.J. 1995. Recent Development in Frontier Estimation and Efficiency Measurement. Australlian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 39(1): 219-245. Coelli, T.J. 1996. A Guide to Frontier Version 4.1.: A Computer Program for
Stochastic Frontier Production and Cost Function Estimation. Centre forEfficiency and Productivity Analysis (CEPA). Department of Econometrics. University of New England, Armidale. Australia.
Coelli, T., D.S.P. Rao & G.E. Battese. 1998. An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis. Kluwer Academic Publishers. London.
139
Cooper, D.R. & C.W. Emory. 1996. Metode Penelitian Bisnis. Jilid 1. Erlangga, Jakarta.
Dadzie, S.K.N. & I. Dasmani 2010. Gender Difference and Farm Level Efficiency: Metafrontier Production Function Approach. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics. 2(12):441-451.
Damaijati, E. 1992. Studi tentang Perilaku Petani terhadap Risiko serta Hubungannya dengan Pengambilan Kredit pada Usahatani Kedelai. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta
Darmadi, 1997. Perilaku Petani terhadap Risiko pada Usahatani Lombok (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Cangkringan Sleman). Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Daryanto, H.K.S. 2000. Analysis of Tehnical Efficiency of Rice Production in West Java Province, Indonesia: A Stochastic Frontier Production Function Approach. Phd Disertation. University New England. Armidale.
Debertin. 1986. Agricultural Production Economics. Macmillan Publisihing Company. New York.
Diether K.B. 2009. Mean Variance Analysis A Portfolio of Three Risky Assets. Fisher College of Business. http://fisher.osu.edu/~diether_1/b822/mv_
analysis_2up.pdf. Diunduh 6 Agustus 2011
de Janvry, A. 1972. The Generalized Power Production Function. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 54 (2) :234-237
de Vaus, D.A. 2002. Survey in Social Research, 5th Edition. Allen&Unwin, New
South Wales. p. 259.
Dillon, J.L. & P.L. Scandizzo. 1978. Risk Attitude of Subsistence Farmers in North East Brazil: A Sampling Approach. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 60(3): 425-435
Doll, J.P. & F, Orazem. 1984. Production Economics, Theory With Application. John Willey and Sons Inc. New York.
Dumsday, R.G., Midmore, D.J. & Kobayashi, H. 1991. Sustainability of Vegetable Production Systems. Production Systems Program. AVRDC. Taiwan.
Edi, S. & Bobihoe, J. 2010. Budidaya Tanaman Sayuran. BPTP Jambi. jambi.litbang.pertanian.go.id/ind/images/PDF/bookletsayuran10.pdf
Ellis, F. 1988. Peasant Economics: Farm Households and Agrarian Development. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
Essilfie, L.E. 2011. Estimation of Farm level Technical Efficiency in Small Scale Maize Production in the Mfantseman Municipality in the Central Region of Ghana: A stochastic frontier approach. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 3(14), 645-654.
140
Fariyanti, A. 2008. Perilaku Ekonomi Rumahtangga Petani Sayuran dalam Menghadapi Risiko Produksi dan Harga Produk di Kecamatan Pangalengan Kabupaten Bandung. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Fauziyah, E. 2010. Pengaruh Perilaku Risiko Produksi Petani Terhadap Alokasi Input Usahatani Tembakau: Pendekatan Fungsi Produksi Frontir Stokastik. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Fergiawan, A.R. 2015. Analisis Profitabilitas Usahatani Pertanian Organik: Kasus Pertanian Kecamatan Getasan Kabupaten Semarang. Skripsi. Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang.
Fleisher, B. 1990. Agricultural Risk Management. Lynne Rienner Publishers, USA. Francis, C.A. & J.H. Sanders. 1978. Economic Analysis of Bean and Maize
Systems: Mono-cultures versus Associated Cropping. Field Crop Research. 1:319-325.
Ghozali, I. & D. Ratmono. 2013. Analisis Multivariat dan Ekonometrika. Teori, Konsep, dan Aplikasi dengan Eviews 8. Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang. 504 p.
Gorton, M. & Davidora, S. 2004. Farm Productivity and Efficiency in CEE Applicant Countries: A Synthesis of Results. Agricultural Economics. (30): 1-16.
Guan, Z. & F. Wu. 2009. Specification and Estimation of Heterogeneous Risk Preference. Paper. Prepared for Presentation at the 27th International Conference of Agricultural Economists (IAAE 2009). Beijing.
Gultom, L., R. Winandi, S. Jahroh. 2014. Analisis Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Padi Semi Organik di Kecamatan Cigombong, Bogor. Jurnal Informatika Pertanian. 23(1): 7-18
Guttormsen, A.G. dan K.H. Roll. 2013. Production risk in a subsistence agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension. 2013:1-13.
Greene, W. H., 2003. Econometric Analysis. Fifth Eds. Pearson Education., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
Hanson, J.C., R. Dismukes, W. Chambers, C. Greene & A. Kremen. 2004. Risk and Risk Management In Organic Agriculture: View of Organic Farmers. Departement of Agricultural and Resource Economics. The University of Maryland. College Park.
Hartono, S. 2011. Efisiensi Produksi Tebu Dan Gula Indonesia. Makalah Seminar pada Simposium Gula Nasional, Pascasarjana UPN Vetrean. Jawa Timur. Herawati, H. 2008. Mekanisme dan Kinerja pada Sistem Perontokan Padi [Prosiding
Seminar Nasional]. Jurusan Teknik Pertanian. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Herawati, N.K., J. Hendrani & S. Nugraheni. 2014. Viabilitas Pertanian Organik Dibandingkan dengan Pertanian Konvensional. Lembaga Penelitian dan
141
Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat. Universitas Katolik Parahyangan. Bandung.
Heriani N., W.A. Zakaria, A. Soelaiman. 2013. Analisis Keuntungan dan Risiko Usahatani Tomat di Kecamatan Sumberejo Kabupaten Tanggamus. JIIA. 1(2): 169-173.
Herviyani, N. 2009. Risiko Harga Kubis dan Bawang Merah di Indonesia. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
hortikultura.deptan.co.id. Diunduh 27 Januari 2012.
Horwith, B. 1985. A role of intercropping in modern agriculture. Bioscience. 35(5):285-291.
Insukindro. 1998. Sindrum R2 dalam Analisis Regresi Linier Runtun Waktu. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia. 13(4):1-11
Jamison, D. T. & Lau, L. J. 1982. Farmer Education And Farm Efficiency. A World Bank Research Publication. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore. jateng.bps.go.id. Diunduh 12 Juni 2012.
Jatileksono, T. 1993. Ketimpangan Pendapatan di Pedesaan: Kasus Daerah Padi di Lampung. Jurnal Ekonomi Indonesia. Vol. 2 No. 1, Oktober 1993
Jondrow, J., C.A.K. Lovell, I.S. Materov & P. Schmidt. 1982. On the Estimation of Technical Inefficiency in the Stochastic Frontier Production Function Model. Journal of Econometrics. 19(1): 233-238.
Juarini. 2003. Perilaku Ekonomi Petani Terhadap Risiko Usahatani Di Lahan Pantai Kulon Progo. Disertasi. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Junaedi. 2013. Efisiensi Produksi, Perilaku Petani, dan Daya Saing Usahatani Kapas Rakyat di Sulawesi Selatan. Disertasi. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Just, R.E. 1975. Risk Aversion under Profit Maximization. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 57 (2) : 347-352.
Just, R.E. & R.D. Pope. 1979. Production Function Estimation and Related Risk Consideration. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 6(2): 276-284. Kalijaran, K.P. 1991. The Importance of Efficient Use in the Adoption of
Technology: A Micro Panel Data Analysis. Journal of Productivity Analysis. 2: 113-126.
Kasperczyk, N. & Knickel, K. 2006. Environmental Impacts of Organic Farming. In: Kristiansen P. (ed) Organic agriculture: a global perspective. CSIRO. p 259-282.
142
Kawasaki J. & A. Fujimoto, 2009. Economic and Technical Assessment of Organic Vegetable Farming in Comparison with Other Production Systems in Chiang Mai Thailand. J. ISSAAS. 15(1): 144-169
Kebede, T.A. 2001. Farm Household Technical Efficiency: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis. A Study of Rice Producers in Mardi Watershed in the Western Development Region of Nepal. Master Thesis. University of Norway. Norwey. Kirschenman, F. 1989. Low Input Farming in Practice:Putting A System Together
and Making It Work. Amer. J.Alternative Agric. 4(3):106-110.
Kumbhakar, S.C. & E. Tsionas. 2009. Nonparametric Estimation of Production Risk and Risk Preference Functions. Advances in Econometrics. 25: 223-262. Kumbhakar, S.C. 2002. Specification and Estimation of Production Risk, Risk
Preferences and Technical Efficiency. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 84(1): 8-22.
Kumbhakar, S.C. & K. Lovell, 2000. Stochastic Frontier Analysis. Cambridge University Press.
Kusnadi, N., N. Tinaprilla, S.R. Susilowati, & A. Purwoto. 2011. Analisis Efisiensi Usahatani Padi di Beberapa Sentra Produksi Padi di Indonesia. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi. 29(1): 25-48.
Kodde, D.A. & F.C. Palm. 1986. Wald Criteria for Jointly Testing Equality and Inequality Restrictions. Econometrica. 54: 1243-1248.
Koutsoyiannis, A. 1977. Theory of Econometrics: An Introductory of Econometric Methods. Second Edition. Harper & Row Publishers, Inc. New York.
Koutsoyiannis, A. 1979. Modern Microeconomics. Second Edition. English Language Book Society. Macmillan. Hongkong.
Las, I., K. Subagyono & A.P. Setiyanto. 2006. Issu dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan dalam Revitalisasi Pertanian. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian 25 (3).
Lawalata, M. 2013. Analisis Efisiensi Relatif dan Perilaku Petani Terhadap Risiko Usahatani Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Bantul. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Lestari, Y.K. 2013. Analisis Komparasi Efisiensi Teknis Padi Semi Organik dan Konvensional di Kota Bogor (Kasus Kelurahan Situ Gede dan Sindang Barang). Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Lien, G., O. Flaten, A. Koraeth, K.D. Schumann, J.W. Richardson & R. Eltun. 2002 Are Organic Crop Farming More Risky than Integrated and Conventional Crop Farming? Norwegian Agricultural Economics Research Institute (NILF), Oslo.
Love, H.A. & Burcola, S.T.,1991. Joint Risk Preference Technology Estimation with Primal System. American Journal of Agricultural Economics.73(3):765-774
143
Lynam, J.K., J.H. Sanders & S.C. Mason. 1986. Economics and Risk in Multiple Cropping. In Multiple Cropping Systems. C.A. Francis (Ed.). Macmillan. New York. 250-266.
Madau, F.A. 2005. Technical Efficiency in Organic Farming: An Application on Italian Cereal Farms Using a Parametric Approach. Paper. Prepared for Presentation at the XIth Congress of the Eroupean Association of Agricultural
Economists. The Future of Rural Europe I the Global Agri-Food System, Copenhagen.
Machmuddin, N. 2016. Analisis Efisiensi Ekonomi Usahatani Padi Organik dan Konvensional. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Madau, F.A. 2007. Technical Efficiency in Organic and Conventional Farming: Evidence form Italian Cereal Farms. Agricultural Economic Review. 8(1): 5-22.
Mardliyah, A. & Supriadi. 2013. Perilaku Petani Terhadap Resiko Usahatani Cabai Merah di Kabupaten Tanggamus. J. Wacana Pertanian. 12 (1) :1-4
Mayrowani, H. 2012. Pengembangan Pertanian Organik di Indonesia. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi. 30(2): 91-108.
Medina, F. & A. Inglesias. 2008. Economic Feasibility of Organic Farms an Risk Management Strategies. Paper. Prepared for Presentation at 12th Congress of the European Association of Agriculture Economists-EAAE. Madrid.
Meeusen, W. & J.V.D. Broeck. 1977. Efficiency Estimation from Cobb-Douglas Production Function with Composed Error. International Economic Review. 18: 435-444.
Moscardi, E. & A. de Janvry. 1977. Attitudes toward Risk among Peasants: An Econometric Approach: American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 59(4):710-716
Mosnier C., A. Reynaud, A. Thomas, M. Lherm & J. Agabriel. 2009. Estimating a Production Function under Production and Output Price Risks: An Application to Beef Cattle in France. TSE Working Paper Series. 09-046, May 2009. Toulouse School of Economics.
Msuya, EE. Hisano, S and Nariu, T. 2008. Explaining Productivity Variation among Smallholder Maize Farmers in Tanzania. MPRA Paper No. 14626, posted 17. April 2009 /15:03. Online at http://mpra.ub.unimuenchen. de/14626/
Murniati, K., J.H. Mulyo, Irham & S. Hartono. 2014. Efisiensi Teknis Usaha Tani Padi Organik Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan di Kabupaten Tanggamus Provinsi Lampung. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian terapan 14(1): 31-38
Nahraeni, W. 2012. Efisiensi dan Nilai Keberlanjutan Usahatani Sayuran Dataran Tinggi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor. Nasir,M. 1988. Metode Ilmiah. Ghalia, Jakarta.
144
Neera,P., M. Katano & T. Hasegawa. 1999. Comparison of Rice Yield after Various Years of Cultivation by Natural Farming. Plant Production Science. 2(1): 58- 64.
Newman, S.M. 1986. A Pear and Vegetable Interculture System: Land Equivalent Ratio, Light Use Efficiency and Productivity. Exploratory Agric. 22:383-392. Nicholson, 1999. Teori Ekonomi Mikro. PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta.
Nkang, M.O & I.E. Ele. 2014. Technical Efficiency of cassava producers in ikom agricultural zone of Cross River State Nigeria. Journal of Research in Agricultural and Animal Science. 2(10): 09-15.
Novianti, T. 2003. Analisis Dampak Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap Daya Saing Komoditas Unggulan Sayuran. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Novizan. 2004. Petunjuk Pemupukan yang Efektif. Agromedia Pustaka. Jakarta. Nurhapsa. 2013. Analisis Efisiensi Teknis dan Perilaku Risiko Petani serta
Pengaruhnya terhadap Penerapan Varietas Unggul pada Usahatani Kentang di Kabupaten Enrekang Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Officer, R.R. & A.N. Halter. 1968. Utility Analysis in a Practical Setting. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 50(2):257-277
Ogada, M., W. Nyangena & M. Yusuf. 2010. Production Risk and Farm Technology Adoption In The Rain-Fed Semi-Arid Lands of Kenya. AfJARE. 4:159-174. Ogundari, K. & S.O. Ojo. 2006. An Examinition of Technical, Economic and
Allocative Efficiency of Small Farm: The Case Study of Cassava Farmers in Osun State of Nigeria. Journal Central European Agricultural. 7(3):423-432. Ogundari K. & Ojo S.O. 2007. An Examination of Technical, Economic and
Allocative Efficiency of Small Farm: The Case Study of Cassava Farmers in Osun State of Nigeria. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 13: 185-195. Olarinde, L.O., V.M. Manyong & J.O. Akintola. 2007. Attitude Towards Risk Among
Maize Farmer in The Dry Savana Zone of Nigeria: some respective policies for Improving food production. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 2 (8): 399-408
Ogunniyi L.T. & J.A. Oladejo. 2011. Technical efficiency of tomato production in Oyo State Nigeria. Agricultural Science Research Journal 1(4):84-91.
Oni, 2004. Fungsi Produksi dan Efisiensi Penggunaan Faktor Produksi Usahatani Padi dan Sayuran Di Kecamatan Konda Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Organic Farming Research Foundation, 1998. Frequently Asked Questions About Organic Farming. Available at http://www.ofrf.org/about_organic/ index.html. (diakses 25 Oktober 2012).
145
Padel, S. 2001. Conversion to Organic Farming A Typical Example of the Diffusion of an Innovation? Sociologia Ruralis. European Society for Rural Sociology. 41(1).
Pazek, K. & C. Rozman. 2007. The Simulation Model For Cost-Benefit Analysis on Organic Farms. Agronomski Glasnik. 3: 209-222.
Perrin, R.M. 1977. Pest Management in Multiple Cropping Systems. Agro-Ecosystems. 3:93-118
Philpott, T. 2015. Study: Organic Farming Is More Profitable Than Conventional. http://www.motherjones.com/tom-philpott/2015/06/organic-farming-more-profitable-conventional (diakses 17 Agustus 2016).
Pindyck, R.S. & D.L Rubinfeld, 2001. Microeconomics. Fifth Edition. Prentice Hall International, Inc. London.
Prayoga, A. 2010. Produktivitas dan Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Padi Organik Lahan Sawah. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 28(1) : 1 -16.
Prihtanti, T.M. 2014. Analisis Risiko Berbagai Luas Pengusahaan Lahan Pada Usahatani Padi Organik dan Konvensional. Agric 26(1&2): 29-36.
Prospek Pertanian Organik di Indonesia. http://www.litbang.deptan.go.id/berita /one/17/ (diakses 27 Oktober 2012).
Poerwanto, R. 2005. Pengembangan Hortikultura dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi. Poudel, D.D., D. J. Midmore and L. T. West. 2000. Farmer participatory research to
minimize soil erosion steepland vegetable systems in the Philippines. Agric. Ecosystems and Environment. 79:113-127.
Poudel, K.L., T.G. Johnson, N. Yamamoto, S. Gautam & B. Mishra. 2015. Comparing technical efficiency of organic and conventional coffee farms in rural hill region of Nepal using data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. Organic Agriculture 5(4):263-275
Pujiharto. 2013. Produktivitas, Pendapatan dan Perilaku Petani terhadap Risiko Usahatani Kentang Varietas Granola dan Atlantic di Sentra Produksi Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Disertasi. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta. Qomaria, N. 2011. Analisis Preferensi Risiko dan Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Talas
di Kota Bogor. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Rahayu, R.B. 2011. Preferensi Risiko Petani Pada Usahatani Padi Organik di Kabupaten Sragen. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Ranaweera, N., J. M. Dixon and N. S. Jodha. 1993. Sustainability and agricultural development: A farming system approach. J. Asian Farming Systems Asso.2(1):1-15.
Robison, L.J. & P.J. Barry. 1987. The Competitive Firm’s Response To Risk. Macmillan Publishing Company. New York.
146
Roger, T.T. & A. Engler. 2008. Risk Preferences Estimation for Small Rasberry Producers in the Bio-Bio Region Chile. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research. 68(4) : 175-182
Roumasset, J.A., J.M. Boussard, I. Singh. 1979. Risk< Uncertainty, and Agricultural Development. SEARCA and ADC.
Rubinos, R., A. Theresa & P. Bayacag. 2007. Comparative Economic Study of Organic and Conventional Rice Farming in Magsaysay, Davao Del Sur. Paper Prepared for Presentation at the 10th National Convention on Statistics (NCS). EDSA Shangri-La Hotel. Manila.
Ruka, H., Buhaerah & Sunaryo. 2006. Hubungan Karakteristik Petani Dengan Respon Petani Terhadap Penggunaan Pupuk Organik pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.). Jurnal Agrisistem. 2: 23-31.
Sabrani, M. 1989. Perilaku Petani Ternak Domba dalam Alokasi Sumberdaya. Disertasi. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Saha, A. & J. Stroud. 1994. A Household Model of On-Farm Storage Under Price Risk. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 76 (3) : 522-534.
Saptana. 2012. Konsep Efisiensi Usahatani Pangan dan Implikasinya bagi peningkatan produktivitas. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi. 30(2): 109-128. Saptana. 2011. Efisiensi Produksi dan Perilaku Petani Terhadap Risiko
Produktivitas Cabai Merah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Saptana, I.W. Rusastra & P. Simatupang. no date. Diversifikasi Usahatani Lahan Sawah di Kabupaten Klaten dan Kediri: Kinerja, Kendala dan Prospek. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, Bogor
Saran, S. 1993. Integrated Farming Systems Methodology for High-risk Ecological Zones. J. Asian Farming Systems Asso. 1(4):463-477.
Scott, J.C. 1977. The Economy of Peasant rebellion and Subsistence in Sutheast Asia. Yale University Press. London.
Serra, T., D. Zilberman & J.M. Gil. 2009. Differential Uncertainties and Risk Attitudes Between Conventional and Organic Producers: The Case of Spanish Arable Corp Farmers. Centre de Recerca en Economia I Desenvolupament Agroalimentaris (CREDA). Barkeley.
Setiawati & Ashandi. 2003. Pengaruh sistem pertanaman monokultur dan tumpangsari sayuran cruciferae dan solanaceae terhadap hasil dan struktur dan komunitas antropoda. Balai Penelitian Sayuran. Lembang.
Setiawati W., R. Murtiningsih, G.A. Sopha, T. Handayani. 2007. Petunjuk Teknis Budidaya Tanaman Sayuran. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran. Lembang. Seufert, V., Ramakutty, N., & Foley, J.A. 2012. Comparing the yields of organic and
147
Seyoum, E.T., G.E. Battese & E.M. Fleming. 1996. Technical Efficiency and Productivity of Maize Producers in Eastern Ethiopia: A Study of Farmers Within and Outside The Sasakawa-Global 2000 Project. CEPA Working paper, No. 06/96. University of New England. Armidale.
Sharma, A.N. & Sharma, V.K. 1981. Elements of Farm Management. Prentice-hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi.
Singh, I.J., 1980. Farm Decision Under Uncertainty. Improving Farm Management Teaching in Asia. The Agricultural Development Council Inc. Bangkok. Soekartawi, J.L. Dillon, J.B. Hardaker & A. Soeharjo. 1985. Ilmu Usahatani dan
Penelitian Untuk Perkembangan Petani Kecil. Universitas Indonesia Press, Jakarta.
Soekartawi, 1990. Teori Produksi dengan Pokok Analisis Fungsi Cobb-Douglas. Rajawali Press, Jakarta.
Soekartawi, 1994. Teori Ekonomi Produksi dengan Pokok Bahasan Analisis Fungsi Produksi Cobb-Douglas. Rajawali. Jakarta.
Soekartawi, Rusmadi & Effi Damaijati. 1993. Risiko dan Ketidakpastian dalam Agribisnis, Teori dan Aplikasi. PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta.
Souri, S. 2001. Penggunaan Pupuk Kandang Meningkatkan Produksi Padi. Instalasi Penelitian dan Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian, Mataram.
Sriyadi. 2009. Efisiensi Relatif dan Perilaku Petani Terhadap Risiko Usahatani Bawang Putih dan Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Disertasi. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Stehr, DW. 1982. The integrated control concept. Hilgardia 29(2): 81-101
Steiner, K.G. 1984. Intercropping in tropical smallholder agriculture with special reference to West Africa. GTZ Eschborn, West Germany.
Statistics Indonesia. http://www.bps.go.id/menutab.php?tabel=1&kat=3&id_subyek= 55 (diakses 17 Juni 2012).
Sukiyono, K. 2005. Faktor Penentu Tingkat Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Cabai Merah di Kecamatan Selupu Rejang Lebong. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi. 23(2): 176-190 Sumaryanto, 2001. Estimasi Tingkat Efisiensi Usahatani Padi Dengan Fungsi
Produksi Frontier Stokastik. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi. 19(1): 65-84
Sumaryanto, S., M. Siregar & W. Wahidah. 2003. Determinan Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Padi di Lahan Sawah Irigasi. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 21(1) :72 – 96. Susila, A.D. 2006. Panduan Budidaya Tanaman Sayuran. https://vtechworks. lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/67069/2595_PEDOMAN_BUDIDAYA_TAN AMAN_SAYURAN.pdf?sequence=1 (diakses 8 Juni 2016)
148
Sutanto, R. 2002. Pertanian Organik: Menuju Pertanian Alternatif dan Berkelanjutan. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
Sutanto, R. 2002. Penerapan Pertanian Organik, Pemasyarakatan dan Pengembangannya. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
Suwarta. 2011. Produktivitas, Efisiensi dan Risiko Usaha Ternak Ayam Broiler Pola Kemitraan Inti Plasma dan Mandiri di Kabupaten Sleman. Disertasi. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Tahir, A.G. 2011. Analisis Efisiensi Usahatani dan Risiko Produksi Kedelai di Sulawesi Selatan. Disertasi. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Tahir, A.G., D.H. Darwanto, J.H. Mulyo & Jamhari. 2011. Analisis Risiko Produksi Usahatani Kedelai pada Berbagai Tipe Lahan di Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian. 8(1): 1-15.
Tchale H. & J. Sauer. 2007. The Efficiency of Maize Farming in Malawi: A Bootstrapped Translog Frontier, Cahiers d’economie et sociologie rurales. (82-83): 33-56.
Thamrin, S. 2013. Efisiensi Produksi, Perilaku Petani terhadap Risiko dan Keberlanjutan Usahatani Kopi Arabika di Kabupaten Enrekang. Disertasi. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Tiedemann T and Uwe L. 2012. Production risk and tecnical efficiency in organic and conventional agriculture-the case of arable farms in Germany. JAE. 64(2):73-96.
Tohir, K.A. 1983. Seuntai Pengetahuan Usahatani Indonesia. Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.
Vandermeer, J. 1998. Maximizing crop yield in alley crops. Agroforestry Systems. 40:199-206.
Verbeek M. 2000. A Guide to Modern Econometrics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. England.
Villano, R. A., C. J. O’Donnell & G. E. Battese. 2005. An Investigation of Production Risk, Risk Preferences and Technical Efficiency: Evidence from Rainfed Lowland Rice Farms in the Philippines. Working Paper Series in Agricultural and Resource Economics. 1: 1-24.
Villano, R. & E. Fleming. 2006. Technical Inefficiency and Production Risk in Rice Farming: Evidence from Central Luzon Philippines. Asian Economic Journal. 20(1): 29-49.
Wahida. 2005. Estimasi Tingkat Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Padi dan Palawija di Perairan Sungai Brantas: Aplikasi Pendekatan Stochastic Production
149
Waibel, H. and S. Setboonsarng. 1993. Resource degradation due to chemical inputs in vegetable-based farming systems in Thailand. J. Asian Farming Systems Asso. 2(1):107-120.
Widiyanto, A. 2001. Perilaku Petani Terhadap Risiko Pilihan Pola Tanam di Desa Wukirsari Kecamatan Cangkringan Kabupaten Sleman. Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta
Widodo, S., 1986. An Econometric Study of Rice Production Efficiency Among Rice Farmers in Irrigation Lowland Villages in Java Indonesia. Disertasi. Tokyo University of Agriculture.
Widodo, S. 1998. Farming System Approach For Sustainable Agriculture. Agro Ekonomi. V (1): 1-6.
Wiley, R.W. 1985. Evaluation and Presentation of Intercropping Advantages. Exploratory Agric. 21:119-133.
Winarno, W.W. 2015. Analisis Ekonometrika dan Statistika dengan Eviews Edisi 4. UPP STIM YKPN. Yogyakarta.
Winarso, S. 2005. Kesuburan Tanah. Dasar Kesehatan dan Kualitas Tanah. Gava Media. Yogyakarta.
Wolgin, J.M., 1975. Resource Allocation and Risk: A Case Study of Smallholder Agriculture in Kenya. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 57(4): 622-630
Wollni, M. 2007. Productive Efficiency of Specialty and Conventional Coffee Farmers in Costa Rica: Accounting for the Use of Different Technologies and Self Selection. Paper Presented at the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting. July 2 - August 1, 2007. Portland.
Yotopoulus, P.A. & J.B. Nugent. 1976. Economic of Development. Empirical Investigations. Harper and Row Publishers. New York.
