1
MANUSCRIPT PUBLICATION
THE INFLUENCE OF COMMUNICATION AND LEADERSHIP
TO THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEE AT ORTHOPAEDIC HOSPITAL
PROF.DR.R. SOEHARSO OF SURAKARTA
AISSA HAMED ALI AHMED P 100 120 041
MASTER OF HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
1
PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEE AT ORTHOPAEDIC HOSPITAL PROF.DR.R. SOEHARSO OFSURAKARTA
Prepared and Compiled By:
AISSA HAMED ALI AHMED P 100 120 041
Approved and Enacted by the Supervisor I and Supervisor II Maintained front of the Board of Examiners for Thesis Proposal
Master of Hospital Management Program University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Supervisor I
Dr. Amin Mustofa, MHA
October 2012
Supervisor II
Drs. Anton Agus Setyawan, S.E
1
MANUSCRIPT PUBLICATION
THE INFLUENCE OF COMMUNICATION AND LEADERSHIP TO THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEESS AT ORTHOPAEDIC HOSPITAL
PROF.DR.R. SOEHARSO OF SURAKARTA
Aissa Hamed Ali Ahmed1); Amin Mustofa2); Anton Agus Setyawan3)
1) performance, leadership on performance and communication, and leadership on performance of employee at the Orthopaedic Hospital of Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta.
This research is quantitative, by taking samples at Prof.DR.R. Soeharso of Orthopaedic at Jl. A. Yani, Pabelan, Kartasura, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, 57162. The study population and sample as many as 664 employees were taken by 70 employees. The technique of collecting data using questionnaires or questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis.
The results obtained showed that Communications positive and significant effect on employee performance at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. Leadership positive and significant effect on employee performance at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. Communication and Leadership positive and significant effect on employee performance at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta.
Introduction
Communication is the process of an idea transferred from one source to
one or multiple recipients with a view to changing their behavior.
Communication within an organization is one other factor that can improve
employee performance. Communication system is built to support the smooth
running of information that can be received and delivered by and to employees.
Communication between employees in the organization must be built either.
Communication makes us susceptible to various strategies that we can use
in our relationships to work better with others for mutual benefit.
rather than coercion (concoersive) to motivate people to achieve goals. From the
above definition it is clear that leadership involves the ability to influence. This
affects the ability to have an intention to achieve its intended purpose.
Leadership is a dynamic force that can foster motivation, aspiration, coordination
and integrity of the organization to achieve organizational goals in building a
high-performance organization headed.
Leadership is the ability of a person to influence others to work toward
goals and objectives. Leadership will become increasingly important; because
one of the most important factors that will affect the success or failure of a
group or organization to achieve goals. An effective leader is a leader who
recognizes the vital powers are contained in the individual. Expected future
leader can improve the performance of employees to work more effectively.
Performance is a condition that must be known and confirmed to a certain
party to determine the level of achievement of an agency linked to embrace the
3
impacts of an operational policy. Blanchard in his book (2007: 10) states that the
results of research Don Carew, Fay Kandarin, Eunice Parisi-Carew and Jesse
Stoner managed to formulate and identify values of high-performance
businesses. As a result of their research, created a model "SCORES" high
performing companies. "SCORES" is an abbreviation of the six elements which
are required in every high-performing companies, namely: (1) Shared
Information and Open Communication/distributed information and open
communication, (2) Compelling Vission/a convincing vision, (3) Ongoing
Learning/continuous Learning, (4) Relentless Focus on Custumor Result/relentless
focus on customer satisfaction, (5) Energizing Systems And Structures/systems
and structures that give the spirit, and (6) Shared Power and High
Involvement/power is distributed and high involvement.
In this study the authors propose the following hypothesis: 1)
Communication has positive of significant effect on employee performance
Orthopaedic Hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta; 2) Leadership has positive
of significant effect on employee performance Orthopaedic Hospital Prof.Dr.R.
Soeharso of Surakarta; 3) Communication and leadership has positive of
significant effect on employee performance Orthopaedic Hospital Prof.Dr.R.
Soeharso of Surakarta.
The purposes of this study are: 1) To analyze influence communication on
performance of employee at the Orthopaedic Hospital of Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of
Surakarta; 2) To analyze influence leadership on performance of employee at the
Orthopaedic Hospital of Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta; dan 3) To analyze
influence of communication and leadership on performance of employee at the
Research Methods
Research conducted a quantitative research, on the grounds that this is
proposed for this study. Following the researcher tries to solve the problem on
performance (quality and quantity) with communication and leadhersip in
Orthopaedic hospital Prof.DR.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. Then investigated by
describing an object of research is by concluding, constructing, analyzing and
collating the data. Design research is explanatory research, which highlights the
research roomates or effect relationship between the variables researchers with
previous hypotheses that have been formulated.
This study will be carried out by taking location in Orthopaedic Hospital
Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta is located at Jalan Ahmad Yani, Pabelan,
Surakarta. The population in this study was the entire staff of the Orthopaedic
hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. The total number of employees in this
hospital is 678 people. In sampling based on the opinions Arikunto (2006:132)
which states "If the subject is less than 100, better taken all of that research is
the study population”. Furthermore, if a large number of the subject can be
taken between 10-15 % or 20-25 % or more depending at least on the ability of
researchers in terms of time.
The data required in this research is primary data and secondary data.
Primary data is information collected by researchers directly from the source, in
the form of respondents to the variable communication, leadership and
employee performance. Secondary data is information collected by others, the
general condition of the hospital environments Ortopaedic of Surakarta,
description of employees, previous performance and the achievement of others
is instruen data collection in the form of questions to be answered by
respondents to whom the questionnaire. Then the presence of the test
questionnaire with validity and reliability, to determine which statement will be
continued as a pure research.The testing process is done before the instrument
5
researchers use a portion of the population but outside the study sample, ie as
many as 30 employees. According Riduwan, Rusyana and Enas (2011: 194)
Validity is a measure of the degree of validity or the validity of an instrument.
The resulting decision will show the following results: 1) If rxy > rtabel and a
significance level of less than significant 5% (0.05), means that the item (item
questionnaire about) is valid as well have a requirement to be a research
instrument; 2) If rxy < rtabel and significance level significantly greater than 5 %
(0.05), means that the item (item questionnaire about) declared invalid at the
same time do not have the requirements to be used as research instruments. To
determine the stability of the measuring instrument reliability test. According
Riduwan, Rusyana and Enas, (2011: 194) reliability refers to a sense that
something reliable instrument to be used as a data collection tool because the
instrument is considered to be good. Assessment criteria, using a significance
test level α = 0.05. The instrument can be said to be reliable if the Alpha value is
greater than rtable (Product Moment).
While the data analysis techniques that include classical test assumptions
and multiple linear regression analysis, classical test assumptions is a
requirement prior to multiple linear regression analysis to determine the
contribution of each variable.
Multiple regression analysis is a linear regression analysis tool for more
than two variables. Multiple regression is used to determine the effect of the
dependent variable with the independent variables. In this study multiple
Discussion of Data Analysis
Based on the analysis of data, which will be discussed and then compared
with previous studies. Generate some decisions of which is that communication
and leadership contribute or positive and significant effect on performance of
employee at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. Another
decision indicates that communication contributes positive and significant effect
on performance of employee at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of
Surakarta and leadership are also positive and significant impact on performance
of employee at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. To be
more clear in the concluding results of the analysis, the following results are
more clear from the studies above:
The results of the first test of the hypothesis which states that the
communication positive and significant effect on performance of employee at
Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta, proven. This can be
evidenced by the regression coefficients of the variables is positive
communication is by 0.434, so it can be said that the positive effect of
communication variables on performance of employee. Based on t test for
leadership variables obtained tcount > ttable, that is 2.956 > 1.996 and significant
value < 0.05, that is 0.004. This suggests that there are significant means of
communication between the employee's performance at Orthopaedic hospital
Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. Based on this conclusion it can be said that the
higher the communication, the better the performance of employees, and vice
versa, the lower the communication will also lower the performance of
employees.
Based on the previous research, the first hypothesis is more likely to study
Rajhans (2012), who states that organisational communication plays a vital role
in employee motivation and performance as real changes are taking place in
7
increased workloads, longer hours and a greater emphasis on performance,
risk-taking and flexibility. Employee communications have a crucial role to play in the
management effort to reorient employees perplexed by changes, or inform and
motivate those who adapt more readily.
The results of the second test of the hypothesis which states that
leadership and significant positive effect on performance of employee at
Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta, proven. This can be
evidenced by the regression coefficients of the variables is positive leadership is
at 0.183, so it can be said that the leadership variable positive effect on
performance of employee. Based on t test for leadership variables obtained tcount
> ttable, that is 2.311 > 1.996 and significance value < 0.05, that is 0.024. This
means showing that there is a leadership influence on performance of employee
at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. Based on this
conclusion it can be said that the higher leadership, the better the performance
of employees, and vice versa, the lower the level of leadership will also lower the
performance of employees.
From the results above can be attributed to a previous study, based on
research results Abbas and Yaqoob (2009), this research shows that, training
development that are part of leadership can be used to effectively increase the
learning and make use of developed skills during problem solving. Therefore it
can be analyzed that all the factors precede or succeed each other. Training and
development of leadership as combined effect that can influences the employee
performance and if they are properly planned then these factors can results into
high performance by the employees and collectively resulting into organizational
performance.
The results of testing the third hypothesis, that communication and
leadership positive and significant impact on performance of employee at
Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta, proven. In accordance
simultaneous or F test, it is known that the value of Fcount > Ftable, that is 20.809 >
3.134 and significance value < 0.05, that is 0.000. This means, there is the
contribution of communication and leadership to employee performance. Based
on this conclusion it can be said that the trend of increase in variable
combination of communication and leadership will be followed by an increase in
employee performance, otherwise if there is a downward trend variable
combination of communication and leadership will be followed by a decrease in
employee performance.
The results of this study can not be separated from the problems that
existed before, Orthopaedic Hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta as
healthcare organizations must have a commitment to provide quality healthcare
for the community. Hospitals should be able to keep going financially, in a cost
effective and sensitive to the needs of its customers. In carrying out its function
as a referral hospital and specialty hospitals owned Central Government are
included in the category of type A Specialized Orthopaedic Hospital of
Prof.Dr.R.Soeharso of Surakarta implement required services to all walks of life
quality, effective and efficient.
Conclusion
Communications positive and significant effect on employee performance
at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta, it is proved by the
results of the analysis have been obtained. Namely the influence of
communication on employee performance at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R.
Soeharso of Surakarta, the presence of these effects indicates that
communication also includes things that are very important in improving the
performance of employees. While the second result is obtained that leadership
and significant positive effect on performance of employee at Orthopaedic
hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta. Based on the latest analysis shows
9
employee at Orthopaedic hospital Prof.Dr.R. Soeharso of Surakarta, it is proved
that the communication and leadership simultaneously influence on employee
References
Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2003. Manajemen Penelitian. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2006. Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktek.
Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Ariyoso. 2009. “Statistik 4 Life-Beta – Korelasi Parsial”. http: //statistik4life.
blogspot. com/ 2009/ 11/ korelasi-parsial-adalah-pengukuran. html.
Accessed on 10th Descember 2013 at 22.01 p.m.
Byars, LL and L. W. Rue. 2008. Human Resource Management. Boston:
McGraw-Hill.
Dessler, Gray. 2000. Human Resource Management. 8th Edition. New Jersey:
Prentice Hall, Inc.
Flippo, Edwin B. 2005. Manajemen Personalia. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Gibson, James., L. John M, Ivancevich dan James H. Donnelly, Jr. 2005.
Organization. 8th ed. Boston, Massachusetts: Irwin, Inc.
Ishak, Arep and Tanjung, Hendri. 2003. Manajemen Motivasi. Jakarta:
Widiasarana Indonesia.
Ivancevich, J., Konopaske, R., Matteson, M. 2007. Organizational Behavior and
Management. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Kuncoro, Mudrajat. 2001. Metode Kuantitatif: Teori dan Aplikasi untuk Bisnis
dan Ekonomi. Yogyakarta: UPP STIM YKPN.
McShane, Steven L. & Marry Ann Van Glinow. 2008. Organizational Behavior:
Emerging Knowledge & Practice for the Real World. Boston: The
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Neneng Komariah. 2009. “Komunikasi Interpersonal bagi Pustakawan”. Karya
Tulis. Bandung: Fakultas Ilmu Ekonomi Universitas Padjajaran.
Theodore J. Kowalski, Thomas J. Lasley II, James W. Mahoney. 2008.
Data-driven decisions and school leadership: best practices for school
11
Thoha, Miftah. 2003. Perilaku Organisasi Konsep Dasar dan Aplikasinya.
Jakarta: Rajawali Press.
Riduwan; Rusyana, Adun dan Enas. 2011. Cara Mudah Belajar SPSS 17.0 dan
Aplikasi Statistik Penelitian. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Setiaji, Bambang. 2006. Panduan Riset dengan Pendekatan Kuantitatif.
Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press.
Siagian, S. P. 2008. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara
Indonesia.
Sugiyono. 2012. Metode Penelitian Kombinasi (Mixed Methods). Bandung: CV
Alfabeta.
Surya, Dharma and Haedar, Akib. 2005. The Influence of job Satisfaction on
Work Performance: a Theoretical Approach. Usahawan No. 2, TH
XXXIV.
Translate by http://translate.google.com
Wursanto. 2004. Motivasi dan Pemotivasian dalam Manajemen. Jakarta: PT.
Raja Grafindo Persada.
Yukl, G. 2005. Leadership in Organizations: National Collage for School
