PERKEMBANGAN
PERDAGANGAN DAN
ISU SAWIT DI PASAR
TIONGKOK
Beijing, 1 Mei 2021
Atase Perdagangan
KBRI Beijing
Posisi Tiongkok dalam
Perdagangan Indonesia
CHI NA CUSTO M DATA
( 2020)
Uraian
2018
Jan - Des
2019
Jan - Des
2020
Jan - Des
% Change
2020/2019
Total Perdagangan
77,428,783,729
79,676,837,176
78,484,346,639
- 1.50
Indonesia Ekspor ke RRT
37,145,185,913
33,992,798,472
37,427,572,321
10.10
Indonesia Impor dari RRT
43,283,597,816
45,684,038,704
41,056,774,372
-10.13
Trade Balance
Ni l ai Ekspor I NDONESIA di antara Negara
anggota AS E AN l ai nnya, tahun 2020
2019
2020
2019
2020
ASEAN Member States
281,670,780,750
301,451,049,758
100.00
100.00
7.02
1
Vietnam
64,078,196,422
78,844,261,271
22.75
26.15
23.04
2
Malaysia
71,629,744,069
74,746,059,179
25.43
24.80
4.35
3
Thailand
46,133,872,277
48,178,665,912
16.38
15.98
4.43
4
Indonesia
33,992,798,472
37,427,572,321
12.07
12.42
10.10
5
Singapore
35,229,864,745
31,583,132,460
12.51
10.48
-10.35
6
Philippines
20,169,722,024
19,318,553,630
7.16
6.41
-4.22
7
Myanmar
6,381,756,011
6,340,153,681
2.27
2.10
-0.65
8
Laos
2,159,564,355
2,064,186,416
0.77
0.68
-4.42
9
Cambodia
1,443,900,540
1,498,260,456
0.51
0.50
3.76
10
Brunei Darussalam
451,361,835
1,450,204,432
0.16
0.48
221.30
Source of Data: China Customs
Rank
Trade Partner
Percent Change, Dec
2020/2019 YTD
Posisi Tiongkok dalam
Perdagangan Indonesia
CHI NA CUSTO M DATA
( 2020)
Uraian
2019
Jan - Mar
2020
Jan - Mar
2021
Jan - Mar
% Change
Mar
2021/2020
Total Perdagangan
17,997,875,614 17,666,930,059 24,979,340,505
41.39
Indonesia Ekspor ke RRT
7,789,377,566
8,563,579,619
12,306,838,113
43.71
Indonesia Impor dari RRT
10,208,498,048
9,103,350,440 12,672,502,392
39.21
Trade Balance
Impor Produk
HS 1511
Tiongkok dari
Dunia (2020)
China Import Statistics
Products: 1511 (Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Whether Or Not Refined, But Not Chemically Modified) Value: Year To Date through December 2020 (January 2020 to December 2020)
2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020
World 3,394,878,874 4,108,379,708 4,123,216,549 100.00 100.00 100.00 0.36 1 Indonesia 2,259,248,576 2,851,109,604 2,404,542,874 66.55 69.40 58.32 -15.66
2 Malaysia 1,134,333,160 1,248,882,449 1,707,698,476 33.41 30.40 41.42 36.74 3 Papua New Guinea 0 5,407,564 6,851,798 0.00 0.13 0.17 26.71 4 Thailand 1,104,001 2,560,726 2,057,456 0.03 0.06 0.05 -19.65 5 Philippines 0 0 1,062,409 0.00 0.00 0.03 N/A 6 Taiwan 0 120,768 497,080 0.00 0.00 0.01 311.60 7 Netherlands 15,699 200,728 472,325 0.00 0.00 0.01 135.31 8 Japan 1,925 0 13,280 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 9 Ghana 143 1,540 7,834 0.00 0.00 0.00 408.70 10 Ecuador 101,870 91,488 6,734 0.00 0.00 0.00 -92.64 11 Germany 5,248 29 2,466 0.00 0.00 0.00 8403.45 12 Brazil 0 0 2,347 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 13 United Kingdom 0 0 816 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 14 United States 23 76 341 0.00 0.00 0.00 348.68 15 Nigeria 0 0 249 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 16 Singapore 0 0 52 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 17 Switzerland 0 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 18 Mongolia 0 67 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 19 Italy 2,645 4,510 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 20 India 0 159 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 21 Denmark 34,181 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 22 Colombia 31,385 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A 23 Belgium 18 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 N/A Source of Data: China Customs
Rank Trade Partner United States Dollars % Share
Percent Change, Dec 2020/2019
Impor Produk
HS 1511
Tiongkok dari
Dunia (Jan-Mar
2021)
China Import Statistics
Products: 1511 (Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Whether Or Not Refined, But Not Chemically Modified)
Value: Year To Date through March 2021 (January 2021 to March 2021)
2019
2020
2021
2019
2020
2021
World
927,654,846 788,839,770 1,158,885,014 100.00 100.00 100.00
46.91
1
Indonesia
608,795,527 396,276,821
902,418,795
65.63
50.24
77.87
127.72
2
Malaysia
318,385,045 388,258,719
251,801,843
34.32
49.22
21.73
-35.15
3
Ghana
0
0
2,425,004
0.00
0.00
0.21
N/A
4
Cote d Ivoire
0
0
1,607,452
0.00
0.00
0.14
N/A
5
Philippines
0
0
360,777
0.00
0.00
0.03
N/A
6
Thailand
465,177
0
130,578
0.05
0.00
0.01
N/A
7
Taiwan
0
149,464
119,136
0.00
0.02
0.01
-20.29
8
Japan
0
0
10,672
0.00
0.00
0.00
N/A
9
Netherlands
3,356
460,756
4,038
0.00
0.06
0.00
-99.12
10
Ecuador
1,194
1,910
3,582
0.00
0.00
0.00
87.54
11
Brazil
0
1,668
2,273
0.00
0.00
0.00
36.27
12
Singapore
0
52
696
0.00
0.00
0.00
1238.46
13
United States
37
68
168
0.00
0.00
0.00
147.06
14
Switzerland
0
12
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
N/A
15
Papua New Guinea
0
3,690,300
0
0.00
0.47
0.00
N/A
16
Italy
4,510
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
N/A
Source of Data: China Customs
Rank
Trade Partner
United States Dollars
% Share
Percent Change, Mar 2021/2020
UNIT PRICE/KG
(2020)
China Import Statistics
Products: 1511
Unit Price: Year To Date January 2020 to December 2020
2018 2019 2020
World KG 0.64 0.54 0.64 17.30
1 Singapore KG 0 0 52.00 N/A
2 United States KG 11.50 25.33 42.63 68.26 3 United Kingdom KG 0 0 23.31 N/A 4 Nigeria KG 0 0 16.60 N/A 5 Ecuador KG 1.55 2.26 9.43 316.46 6 Germany KG 3.64 0 3.43 N/A 7 Japan KG 20.05 0 3.32 N/A 8 Brazil KG 0 0 3.26 N/A 9 Ghana KG 2.38 1.83 1.95 6.56 10 Netherlands KG 3.88 1.92 1.93 0.37 11 Taiwan KG 0 1.04 1.04 -0.04 12 Thailand KG 0.83 0.80 0.98 23.54 13 Indonesia KG 0.64 0.54 0.64 18.25 14 Malaysia KG 0.64 0.55 0.63 15.74 15 Papua New Guinea KG 0 0.50 0.61 22.98 16 Philippines KG 0 0 0.54 N/A 17 Switzerland KG 0 0 0 N/A 18 Mongolia KG 0 0 0 N/A 19 Italy KG 1.40 1.37 0 N/A 20 India KG 0 79.50 0 N/A 21 Denmark KG 1.60 0 0 N/A 22 Colombia KG 1.44 0 0 N/A 23 Belgium KG 0 0 0 N/A
Source of Data: China Customs
Rank Trade Partner Unit Unit Value (USD)
Percent Change, Dec 2020/2019 YTD
UNIT PRICE/KG
(JAN-MAR 2021)
China Import Statistics
Products: 1511
Unit Price: Year To Date January 2021 to March 2021
2019
2020
2021
World
KG
0.54
0.66
0.78
18.07
1 Singapore
KG
0 52.00 38.67
-25.64
2 United States
KG
18.50 34.00 33.60
-1.18
3 Brazil
KG
0
3.09 12.63
308.81
4 Ecuador
KG
9.33
9.36
9.35
-0.11
5 Netherlands
KG
3.73
1.90
5.76
203.97
6 Japan
KG
0
0
3.34
N/A
7 Thailand
KG
0.71
0
1.59
N/A
8 Taiwan
KG
0
1.05
1.10
4.62
9 Ghana
KG
0
0
0.80
N/A
10 Cote d Ivoire
KG
0
0
0.80
N/A
11 Malaysia
KG
0.53
0.67
0.80
19.44
12 Indonesia
KG
0.54
0.66
0.78
18.19
13 Philippines
KG
0
0
0.78
N/A
14 Switzerland
KG
0
0
0
N/A
15 Papua New Guinea
KG
0
0.63
0
N/A
16 Italy
KG
1.37
0
0
N/A
Source of Data: China Customs
Rank
Trade Partner
Unit
Unit Value (USD)
Percent Change, Mar 2021/2020
PALING BANYAK DI IMPOR TIONGKOK:
◆
Dari Dunia (2020):
➢
Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Refined But Not Chemically Modified (HS 151190) →
USD 4,1 Miliar →
meningkat 0.8%
➢
Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Crude, Not Chemically Modified (HS 151110) → USD 9,3
juta. →
menurun -64.3%
◆
Dari Dunia (Jan-Mar 2021):
➢
Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Refined But Not Chemically Modified (HS 151190) →
USD 1,1 Miliar →
meningkat 47.8%
➢
Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Crude, Not Chemically Modified (HS 151110) → USD
DI IMPOR TIONGKOK:
◆
Dari Indonesia (2020):
➢
Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Refined But Not Chemically Modified (HS 151190) →
USD 2,4 Miliar →
menurun 15.5%
➢
Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Crude, Not Chemically Modified (HS 151110) → USD 2,3
juta. →
menurun -72.1%
◆
Dari Indonesia (Jan-Mar 2021):
➢
Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Refined But Not Chemically Modified (HS 151190) →
USD 902,4 juta →
meningkat 128.3%
➢
Palm Oil And Its Fractions, Crude, Not Chemically Modified (HS 151110) → belum
PERKEMBANGAN DI TIONGKOK:
◆
Tiongkok konsumen biji minyak dan minyak goreng terbesar di dunia → sekitar 150 –
160 juta ton/tahun (60% impor):
soybean 42%, rapeseed 25%, minyak sawit 14%
◆
Tiongkok konsumen kelapa sawit terbesar ke-4 di dunia setelah Indonesia, India dan Uni
Eropa
◆
Tiongkok importir minyak sawit terbesar ke-3 di dunia setelah India dan Uni Eropa →
rata-rata mengimpor 5,5 juta ton/tahun sejak tahun 2000
◆
Konsumsi meningkat diantaranya karena beberapa faktor:
1.
harga yang lebih rendah dibandingkan kedelai atau minyak rapeseed;
2.
tumbuhnya berbagai aplikasi dari makanan olahan hingga industri oleokimia;
3.
peningkatan populasi dan tingkat urbanisasi;
4.
peningkatan pemanfaatan untuk industri;
5.
daya saing minyak sawit vs minyak lainnya;
6.
terbatasnya stok dan ketersediaan minyak nabati di RRT
TRADING, MANUFACTURING DAN RETAILING DI TIONGKOK:
◆
Perdagangan terkonsentrasi dalam jumlah kecil dan besar perusahaan agrifood
yang terintegrasi secara vertikal (tidak hanya mengimpor namun juga mengolah
menjadi barang bernilai tambah) →
terbesar masuk lewat Pelabuhan di Propinsi
Guangdong dan Tianjin
◆
Investasi asing berperan penting dalam pertumbuhan minyak sawit impor
◆
Sekitar 30% impor dilakukan private sector dan sekitar 10% dilakukan oleh
perusahaan BUMN
◆
The leader among Chinese companies is COFCO (China National Cereals, Oils
and Foodstuffs Corporation), kemudian Sinograin Oils Corporation
◆
Manufacturers memiliki konsentrasi bisnis yang beragam: (i) packaged vegetable
oil producers (Yihai Kerry dan COFCO); (ii) palm oil processing companies (Tianjin
Julong Group)
PERUSAHAAN
INVESTASI RRT
DI INDONESIA:
SUSTAINABILITY OF PALM OIL IN CHINA
◆
Minyak sawit berkelanjutan menjadi faktor yang dipertimbangkan dalam strategi
bisnis perusahaan
◆
COFCO memposisikan dirinya untuk menjadi salah satu pemimpin Tiongkok
dalam minyak sawit berkelanjutan
◆
Pertumbuhan pesat keanggotaan RSPO Cina →167 anggota
◆
Minyak sawit sering dilabeli sebagai "minyak nabati" → rata-rata konsumen
China hanya tahu sedikit tentang minyak sawit
◆
Perusahaan lokal fokus pada kinerja biaya bahan mentah, dengan sedikit
perhatian pada sumber aslinya
◆
Konsumen China mulai menuntut produk berkualitas lebih tinggi, menyediakan
PROMOTING SUSTAINABILITY OF PALM OIL IN CHINA
◆
Pemerintah RRT telah merumuskan strategi rencana
pengembangan berfokus pada kemajuan manusia, peradaban
sosial dan pembangunan berkelanjutan → mitigasi perubahan
iklim, melindungi keanekaragaman hayati, dll
◆
China hosted the Fifteenth Conference of Parties (COP15) on Biodiversity
in 2020.
◆
From the Government’s perspective business associations is a key
players, such as the CFNA and CCFA → both under the Ministry of
Commerce of China (MOFCOM)
THANK YOU
www.kemlu.go.id/beijing @kbribeijin
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