Academic English:
What to write and
what not to write
HELLO!
I am Cecilia
Topics to explore
1.Why is language important?
2.Basic rules of manuscript
language
1.
“
”
Why is language important?
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Poor language quality can delay or block
publication
2.
Basic rules of manuscript language
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Manuscript language should be:
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Accurate
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Concise
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Clear
Basic rules of manuscript language
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Common language errors:
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Tenses
▸
Grammar
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Sentences
Tenses
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Present Tense:
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Facts and hypotheses
▸
The magnitude of data generated and shared by businesses, public
administrations numerous industrial and not-to-profit sectors, and
scientific research, has increased
im m ea s ura bly (Aga rwa l & Dha r,
2014). Thes e da ta
include
textua l content (i.e. s tructured, s em
Tenses
▸
Past Tense:
▸
Methods
▸
During the experiment a pre-implementation group (
N
= 1410)
Tenses
▸
Past Tense:
▸
Previous studies
▸
Hakulinen, Auvinen, and Korhonen (2013) found
tha t res ults
depend upon the ba dge type, a s well a s the us ers . Denny
(2013), on the other ha nd
, found
only pos itive effects rega rding
the level of contributions , a s well a s on the tim e a s tudent
Grammar
▸
Active voice:
▸
It is more assertive and shorter
▸
In this paper, we studied
the effects of ga m ifica tion (a
ba dge s ys tem ) on us er a ctivity in a s ha ring econom y
s ervice (a peer-topeer m a rketpla ce). NOT
▸
… the effects of ga m ifica tion (a ba dge s ys tem ) on us er
a ctivity in a s ha ring econom y s ervice (a peer-topeer
m a rketpla ce) were s tudied.
Grammar
▸
No contractions:
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it is NOT it’s
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will not NOT won’t
Grammar
▸
Eliminate redundant words:
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due to the fact that > because or since
Sentences
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Direct and short
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One piece of information per sentence
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Pay attention to word order
Paragraphs
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One main idea and supporting details
Most common errors to avoid
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Judgmental adjectives
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terrible experience > challenging experience
Most common errors to avoid
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Too many complex sentences
Most common errors to avoid
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Revision:
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Long sentences are also problematic in writing. This is true even if they
are punctuated properly since they can be hard to understand for
readers, who often want a pause while reading. Writers need to be
Most common errors to avoid
▸
Too many complex sentences
▸
Expressions of belief
▸
I
think
universities need to have support
systems for at-risk students.
Most common errors to avoid
▸
Too many complex sentences
exampe
▸
Expressions of belief
2.
The basics
▸
Make sure your Indonesian language is GOOD
Blessings
▸
Saves time (although not significantly)
Perils
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Sistem
inform a s i m a na jem en
m erupa ka n s ua tu s is tem di da la m
orga nis a s i ya ng m em pertem uka n
kebutuha n pengola ha n tra ns a ks i
ha ria n, m endukung opera s i, bers ifa t
m a na jeria l da n kegia ta n s tra tegi
da ri s ua tu orga nis a s i da n
m enyedia ka n piha k lua r tertentu
denga n la pora n-la pora n ya ng
diperluka n.
Indonesian vs English (Original Indonesian - Google Translate)
▸
Ma na gem ent inform a tion s ys tem is
a s ys tem within the orga niza tion
tha t brings da ily tra ns a ction
proces s ing needs , s upport
opera tions , m a na geria l a nd
s tra tegic a ctivities of a n
▸
Sistem
inform a s i m a na jem en
m erupa ka n s ua tu s is tem di da la m
orga nis a s i ya ng m em enuhi
kebutuha n pengola ha n tra ns a ks i
ha ria n s erta m endukung kegia ta n
opera s iona l, m a na jeria l, da n
s tra tegis s ua tu perus a ha a n. Di
s a m ping itu, s is tem inform a s i
m a na jem en m enyedia ka n berba ga i
la pora n ya ng dibutuhka n oleh piha k
lua r.
Indonesian vs English (Better Indonesian
– Google Translate)
▸
Ma na gem ent inform a tion s ys tem is
a s ys tem within the orga niza tion
tha t m eets the needs of da ily
tra ns a ction proces s ing a nd s upport
the opera tiona l, m a na geria l, a nd
s tra tegic a ctivities of a com pa ny. In
a ddition, the m a na gem ent
inform a tion s ys tem provides the
va rious reports required by
Cecilia’s version
▸
Management information system is a system within the
organization that meets the needs of daily transaction
processing and supports the operational, managerial, as
well as strategic activities of a company. In addition,
▸
Management information system is
a s ys tem within the orga niza tion
tha t m eets the needs of da ily
tra ns a ction proces s ing a nd
s upports the opera tiona l,
m a na geria l, a s well a s s tra tegic
a ctivities of a com pa ny. In a ddition,
m a na gem ent inform a tion s ys tem
provides va rious reports required by
externa l pa rties .
Cecilia version vs Google Translate version (bad Indonesian)
▸
Ma na gem ent inform a tion s ys tem is
a s ys tem within the orga niza tion
tha t brings da ily tra ns a ction
proces s ing needs , s upport
opera tions , m a na geria l a nd
s tra tegic a ctivities of a n
▸
Koperasi s ina r m ulya m erupa ka n kopera s i kecil ya ng a nggota nyapengus a ha kecil rum a ha n ya ng s uda h berdiri ha m pir 10 ta hun lebih, kopera s i ini inis ia tif da ri us a ha - us a ha kecil ya ng ingin punya perkum pula n a ta u na unga n tem pa t berba gi penga la m a n a nta r pengus a ha ya ng bergera k pa da bida ng peterna ka n a ya m da la m
m a na jem en penyim pa na n da ta nya m a s ih belum terorga nis ir a ta u m a s ih m engguna ka n m edia konvens iona l s eperti buku, ba ik buku untuk da ta na m a peterna k, da ta oba t, da ta
ra ns um (pa ka n), a ta upun da ta a ya m .
Indonesian vs English (Original Indonesian - Google Translate)
▸
Mulya Coopera tive is a s m a ll coopera tive whos e m em bers a re s m a ll bus ines s▸
Koperasi Sina r Mulya m erupa ka n kopera s i kecil ya ng a nggota nya m erupa ka n peterna k a ya m kecil. Didirika n pa da 10 ta hun ya ng la lu, kopera s i ini m erupa ka n inis ia tif peterna k a ya m kecil ya ng inginm em punya i perkum pula n a ta u pa yung dim a na m ereka bis a berba gi
penga la m a n denga n peterna k a ya m la in. Kopera s i ini belum m em punya i penyim pa na n da ta ya ng ra pi da n m a s ih m engguna ka n m etode konvens iona l s eperti buku untuk m enda ta na m a peterna k, oba t, pa ka n terna k, a ta upun da ta ya ng berka ita n denga n a ya m .
Indonesian vs English (Better Indonesian
– Google Translate)
▸
Sina r Mulya Coopera tive is a s m a ll coopera tive whos e m em bers cons is t of s m a ll poultry fa rm ers . Founded 10 yea rs a go, this coopera tive is a s m a ll chicken breeder initia tive tha t wa nts to ha ve clubs or orga niza tions where they ca n s ha re experiences with other chicken fa rm ers . This coopera tive ha s not ha d a nea t da ta s tora ge a nd s till us eCecilia’s version
▸
Sinar Mulya Coopera tive is a s m a ll coopera tive whos e m em bers cons is t of s m a ll poultry fa rm ers . Founded 10 yea rs a go, this coopera tive wa sform ed a s a n initia tive of s m a ll poultry fa rm ers who felt the needs to ha ve a n a s s ocia tion or a n orga niza tion in
which they ca n s ha re experiences with other fa rm ers . This coopera tive ha s not ha d a good da ta s tora ge. It s till us es conventiona l m ethods s uch a s books to record the na m e of fa rm ers , drugs , a nim a l feed, or a ny other da ta rela ted to poultry.
Cecilia version vs Google Translate version (bad Indonesian)
▸
Mulya Coopera tive is a s m a ll coopera tive whos e m em bers a re s m a ll bus ines s▸
Edit:
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Punctua tion
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SIMPLE gra m m a r
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Subject – Verb Agreem ent
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Plura ls
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Spelling
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Linguistic Feedback Tool (
LiFT) to s om e
extent is us eful, but the key to a good
THANKS!
Any questions?