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An Undergraduate Thesis

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for

Sarjana Sastra Degree of the English Department Faculty of Cultural Sciences

Sebelas Maret University

By:

Ekarista Rahmawati P. C0309027

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

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iii

PRONOUNCEMENT

Name : Ekarista Rahmawati Putri Number : C0309027

I sincerely certify that this thesis entitled The Construction of Tris as a Female

Hero in Divergent is my original work. It is not a plagiarism nor written by others. Any materials and previous studies used as reference are written in direct quotation or

in paraphrase and cited properly. I am fully responsible for the pronouncement. If it is

proven to be wrong, I am willing to take any responsible actions given by Faculty of

Social Sciences, Sebelas Maret University.

Surakarta, 25 July 2016

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iv

MOTTOS

The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.

- Eleanor Roosevelt

"Imagination is more important than knowledge. "

~ Albert Einstein

"Hope sees the invisible, feels the intangible and achieves the impossible."

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v

DEDICATION

I sincerely dedicate this thesis to inspiring and

self-empoweredfemale heroes in my life;

My beloved mother

My dearest sister

My dearest grandmothers

The very thought of them is the courage to keep going and

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vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All praises to God for the life, the love, the chance and the guidance which

always been accompanying my way of accomplishing this thesis. I could never have

the strength to go on and finish this thesis without keeping my faith in His help and

blessing.

I would like to thank Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D, the Dean of Faculty

of Cultural Sciences, and Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D., the Head of English

Department, for giving me permission in conducting this research. I would also like

to express my gratitude for all of my lecturers in English Department, especially all of

American Studies lecturers for giving me all of the knowledge, assistance, and

experience during all the years of study.

I also want to express my greatest gratitude to my thesis advisor, Dra. Sri

Kusumo Habsari, M.Hum., Ph.D, for her endless patience in assisting and supervising

me during the process of finishing this thesis. She has supported my efforts in writing

this, giving her expertise generously and kindly. Without her guidance, this thesis would not

finish correctly. I thank you for all of the best judgments, understanding

encouragement, enlightenment, trust, and support, so I could always have courage,

confidence and power to write and finish this thesis as soon as possible. I am also

very thankful for all the interesting discussion to improve my critical thinking. I

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vii

My deepest gratitude I dedicate to my family, especially my mother for her

unconditional love, her support and her prayer. In this chance I would like to give

special gratitude to my mother, for all her support, encouragement, patience and trust.

I have received an endless love that never paid off. With the entire burden that you

had been through, you are the most magnificent and strongest female hero I have ever

known in my life. I am sincerely sorry if I ever let you down. I also dedicate my

special gratitude to my grandmothers who always cheer and encourage me to finish

this thesis no matter what. I would like to send my gratitude for my father and my

annoying sister, also for all support and patience.

I would like to say thank you to my best friends: Ayu and Devina for all the

love, and support. You guys are the sweet distraction of my strenuous life. Our sweet

times and memories is surely lifted me up through days and nights of my writing

process. Though we have different activities, you always make time to cheer and

support me. Thank you for being there when I need you, girls.

I would like to express my special thanks to the one and only man I love and

trust, for his endlessly supporting and patience, for the food you share to cheer me up,

for the laptop I borrow, and for your time accompanying me through it all. The time

we spent together is such wonderful time. Thank you for your kindness and loyalty.

And I thank you for loving me sincerely.

My appreciation goes to all of my friends in English Department 2009 that I

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viii

thanks to American Studies 2009 fellows; Desi, Tya, Lita and Debora thank you for

the discussions and helpful insights throughout the study.

Surakarta, July 24, 2016

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ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ... i

THE APPROVAL OF THESIS CONSULTANT ... ii

THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ... iii

PRONOUNCEMENT ... iv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A.Research Background ... 1

B. Scope of the study ... 7

C. Research Question ... 8

D. Objective of the Study ... 8

E. Benefit of the Study ... 8

F. Research Methodology ... 9

G. Theoretical Approach ... 12

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x CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Gender Concept ... 19

B. The Idea of Masculinities and Femininities ... 24

C. Semiotic Film Theory ... 27

D. Female Heroes as the Role Model of American Women in the 21st Century ... 32

C. Not “Hard” enough: Constructing Tris’ fighting body... 55

D. Vulnerable Female Hero ... 64

E. New Image of Action Chick in Divergent ... 66

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION A. Conclusion ... 74

C. Recommendation ... 76

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xi Abstract

Ekarista Rahmawati P. C0309027. 2016. The Construction of Tris as a Female Hero in the Film Divergent. Undergraduate Thesis, Surakarta. English Department.Faculty of Cultural Sciences.SebelasMaret University.

This research is conducted to describe the construction of female hero in the film Divergent in the context of 21st century America. This thesis explores the hidden ideologies of Western gender norms in popular film text.

This research is a descriptive qualitative research under the framework of American Studies. Since American Studies is interdisciplinary, this research uses various theories and disciplines. The source data of this research is a 2014’s film entitled Divergent. Thus, semiotics film theory is used to analyze the movie’s elements. As the topic is related to gender issues, feminist theories are applied in this research. And I also use feminist scholarly writing on the textual and filmic representations of women hero, such as Sherrie A. Inness’ Tough Girls and Action Chicks and Dawn Heinecken’s The Warrior Women of Television. Socio-cultural approach is applied to support the contextual findings in the relation of the construction of female hero in the movie with the reality of American women.

By examining the construction of female action hero in film Divergent, this thesis investigates how the construction challenges the gender norms of American society. I argue that the female action hero in this movie is able to perform masculinity and femininity. I also examine several recent films texts to understand the construction of the female hero. Finally I find that the construction of female hero in

Divergent both challenge and persist traditional gender norms and expectations of Western society.

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