DAFTAR LAMPIRAN 100%

(1)

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

L 1. Analisa Mutu CPO A. Asam Lemak Bebas

ALB dapat dihitung dengan rumus sebagai berikut:

ALB (%) = 𝑁 𝐾0𝐻 ×𝐵𝑀 𝐴𝑠𝑎𝑚 𝑃𝑎𝑙𝑚i𝑡𝑎𝑡 ×𝑉 𝐾0𝐻

𝐵𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙 (g𝑟)×1000 × 100%

Keterangan:

N KOH = Normalitas larutan standard KOH (0,1) V KOH = Volume larutan standard KOH yang terpakai BM= Berat molekul minyak sawit (asam palmitat = 256)

•

Ulangan I

ALB (%) = 0,1 × 256 × 1 1,010 × 1000

25,6

× 100%

ALB (%) =

× 100%

1010

ALB (%) = 2,5 %

Gambar L.1.1 Ulangan

• Ulangan II

ALB (%) = 0,1 × 256 ×1,1

1,011 ×1000 × 100%

(2)

28,16

ALB (%) =

× 100%

1011

ALB (%) = 2,7 %

Gambar L.1.2 Ulangan II

• Ulangan III

ALB (%) = 𝑁 𝐾0𝐻 ×𝐵𝑀 𝐴𝑠𝑎𝑚 𝑃𝑎𝑙𝑚i𝑡𝑎𝑡 ×𝑉 𝐾0𝐻 𝐵𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙 (g𝑟)×1000 0,1 ×256 ×1,1

ALB (%) = × 100%

1,015 × 1000 28,16

× 100%

ALB (%) =

1015 × 100%

ALB (%) = 2,7 %

Gambar L.1.3 Ulangan III

B. Analisa Kadar Air

𝐴−𝐵

Rumuskadar air (%) =

× 100%

𝐶

Dimana:

A: Berat sampel + Berat cawan kosong

B: Berat sampel + Berat yang sudah dikeringkan C: Berat sampel

(3)

• Ulangan I

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air (%) =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air (%) = (1,056+ 29,190)−(30,248) × 100%

1,050

Kadar air (%) = 30,246−30,249

1,050 × 100%

0,003

Kadar air (%) =

× 100%

1,050

Kadar air (%) = 0.28 %

• Ulangan II

Gambar L.1.4 Ulangan I

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air (%) =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air (%) = (1,021+28,350) – (29,369) × 100%

1,021

Kadar air (%) = 29,371−29,369

1,021 × 100%

0,002

Kadar air (%) =

× 100%

1,021

Kadar air (%) = 0,19 %

(4)

• Ulangan III

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air (%) =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air (%) = (1,075+42,151) – (43,223) × 100%

1,075

Kadar air (%) = 43,226−43,223 1,075 0,003

× 100%

Kadar air (%) = _1,075

× 100%

Kadar air (%) = 0,27 %

L.2Uji pH (derajat Keasaman)

Uji pH dilakukan menggunakan pH digital, hasil uji pH:

• Ulangan I

Tanpa menggunakan daun kelor (A0): 10,4

(5)

Penambahan 5 ml daun kelor (A1): 9,4

Gambar L.2.3 Ulangan I Penambahan 15 ml daun kelor: 9,3

Gambar L.2.4Ulangan I

(6)

• Ulangan II

(7)

• Ulangan III

(8)

L.3Uji Tinggi Busa

Cara menguji tinggi busa pada sabun dengan memasukkan sampel sabun cair ke dalam tabung berskala yang berisi 10 ml aquades kemudian ditutup dan tabung dikocok selama 20 detik dan ukur tinggi busa yang terbentuk.

Tanpa penambahan daun kelor (A0):

• Ulangan I: 1,9 cm = 19 mm

• Ulangan II: 1,9 cm = 19 mm

• Ulangan III: 1,9 = 19 mm

(9)

Gambar L.3.1 U I Gambar L.3.2 U II Gambar L.3.3 U III

Dengan penambahan 5 ml daun kelor (A1):

• Ulangan II: 1.6 cm = 16 mm

• Ulangan III: 1,6 cm = 16 mm

Gambar L.3.4 U I Gambar L.3.5 U III Gambar L.3.6 U III

(10)

L.4 Uji Kadar Air

Pengujian kadar air menggunakan metode gravimetri dengan menimbang 1 gram sampel pada cawan yang telah ditimbang, lalu dipanaskan pada oven dengan suhu 105^oC selama 2 jam.

𝐴−𝐵

Rumus Kadar Air =

× 100%

𝐶

Dimana:

A = Berat sampel + Berat cawan kosong

B = Berat sampel + Berat cawan kosong yang sudah dikeringkan C = Berat sampel

(11)

L.4.1 Tanpa penambahan daun kelor (A0)

• Ulangan I:

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,025−29,227)−29,742

× 100%

1,025 30,255−29,742

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,025

Kadar air = 50,04 %

Gambar L.4.1 U I

• Ulangan II:

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,024+29,576)−30,103

× 100%

1.024 30,6−30,103

Kadar air =

× 100%

1.024

Kadar air = 48,53 %

Gambar L.4.2 U II

(12)

• Ulangan III:

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,052 + 29,119) − (29,625)

× 100%

1.052 30,171−29,625

Kadar air =

× 100%

1.052

Kadar air = 51,90 %

Gambar L.4.3 U III

L.4.2 Dengan penambahan daun kelor 5 ml (A1)

• Ulangan I

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1.055+28,393)−28,926

× 100%

1.044 29,448−28,926

Kadar air =

× 100%

1.055

Kadar air = 49,47 %

Gambar L.4.4 U I

(13)

• Ulangan II

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,059+28,155)−(28,697)

× 100%

1,059 29,214−28,697

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,059

Kadar air = 48,81%

• Ulangan III

Gambar L.4.5 U II

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,036+72,572)−(73,269)

× 100%

1,036 73,608−73,269

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,036

Kadar air = 32,72 %

Gambar L.4.6 U III

(14)

• Ulangan I

Kadar air = (1,059+28,155)−(28,696)

× 100%

1,059 29,214−28,696

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,059

Kadar air = 48,91 %

• Ulangan II

Gambar L.4.7 U I

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,022+29,337)−(29,839)

× 100%

1,022 30,359−29,839

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,022

Kadar air = 50,88 %

• Ulangan III

Gambar L.4.8 U II

Kadar air = ^𝐴−𝐵

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,033+74,488)−(75,174)

× 100%

1,033

(15)

75,521−75174

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,033

Kadar air = 33,59 %

Gambar L.4.9 U III

L.4.4 Dengan penambahan daun kelor 15 ml

• Ulangan I

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,040+29,207)−(29,722)

× 100%

1,040 30,247−29,722

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,040

Kadar air = 50,48 %

Gambar L.4.10 U I

• Ulangan II

Kadar air = ^𝐴−𝐵

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1.031+29,216)−29,734

× 100%

1,031

(16)

30,247−29,734

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,031

Kadar air = 49,75 %

• Ulangan III

Gambar L.4.11 U II

𝐴−𝐵

Kadar air =

× 100%

𝐶

Kadar air = (1,031+72,259)−(72,908)

× 100%

1,031 73,29−72,908

Kadar air =

× 100%

1,031

Kadar air = 37,05 %

Gambar L.4.12. U III

L.5 Uji Asam Lemak Bebas

𝑉×𝑁×𝐵𝑀

Rumus kadar sam lemak bebas (% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000

Dimana:

V: volume titrasi KOH (ml) N: normalitas KOH (0,1 N)

(17)

BM: berat molekul asam palmitat (256 g/Mol) m: berat sampel (g)

• Ulangan I

(% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000 2,5×0,1×256

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5,044×1000 64

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5044

(% FFA) = 1,26 %

• Ulangan II

Gambar L.5.1 U I

(% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = ^2×0,1×256

5,023×1000 × 100%

51,2

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5023

(% FFA) = 1,01 %

Gambar L.5.2 U II

(18)

• Ulangan III

(% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000 1,8×0,1×256

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5,012×1000

(% FFA) = 0,91 %

Gambar L.5.2 U III

• Ulangan I

(% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = ^1×0,1×256

5,066×1000

(% FFA) = 0,50 %

× 100%

• Ulangan II

Gambar L.5.4 U II

(% FFA) = ^{𝑉×𝑁×𝐵𝑀}

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = 1,2×0,1×256

× 100%

5,010×1000

(19)

30,72

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5010

(% FFA) = 0,61 %

Gambar L.5.5 U II

•

Ulangan III

(% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = ^1,2×0,256

5,005×1000 × 100%

30,72

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5005

(% FFA) = 0,61 %

Gambar L.5.6 U III

• Ulangan I

(% FFA) = ^{𝑉×𝑁×𝐵𝑀}

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = 1.4×0,1×256

× 100%

5,058×1000

(20)

35,84

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5058

(% FFA) = 0,70 %

Gambar L.5.7 U I

• Ulangan II

(% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = ^2×0,1×256

5,025×1000 × 100%

51,2

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5025

(% FFA) = 1,01%

Gambar L.5.8 U II

•

Ulangan III

(% FFA) = ^{𝑉×𝑁×𝐵𝑀}

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = 1,6×0,1×256

× 100%

5,059×1000

(% FFA) = ^40,96

× 100%

5059

(% FFA) = 0,80 %

(21)

Gambar L.5.9 U III

L.5.4 Dengan penambahan 15 ml (A3)

• Ulangan I

(% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = ^2×0,1×256

5,058×1000 × 100%

51,2

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5058

(% FFA) = 1,01 %

Gambar L.5.10 U I

•

Ulangan II

(% FFA) = ^{𝑉×𝑁×𝐵𝑀}

× 100%

𝑚×1000

(% FFA) = 2,5×0,1×256

× 100%

5,022×1000 64

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5022

(% FFA) = 1,27 %

(22)

Gambar L.5.11 U II

•

Ulangan III

(% FFA) =

× 100%

𝑚×1000 2,2×0,1×256

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5,009×1000 56,32

(% FFA) =

× 100%

5009

(% FFA) = 1,12 %

Gambar L.5.12 U III

L.6 Uji Alkali Bebas

𝑉×𝑁×0,056

Rumus kadar alkali bebas =

× 100%

𝖶

Dimana:

V: Volume HCl yang digunakan dalam titrasi (ml) N: Normalitas HCl (N)

W: Bobot sampel (gr)

(23)

• Ulangan I

𝑉×𝑁×0,056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

1×0,1×0,056 𝖶

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,030 0,0056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,030

Alkali Bebas = 0,11

• Ulangan II

Gambar L.6.1 U I

𝑉×𝑁×0,056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

0,6×0,1×0,056 𝖶

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,011

Alkali Bebas = 0,00336×0,1×0,056

× 100%

5,011

Alkali Bebas = 0,06 %

• Ulangan III

Gambar L.6.2 U II

Alkali Bebas = ^{𝑉×𝑁×0,056}

× 100%

𝖶

(24)

0,8×0,1×0,056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,017 0,00448

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,017

Gambar L.6.3 U III

L.6.2 Dengan penambahan 5 ml daun kelor (A1)

•

^{Ulangan I}

𝑉×𝑁×0,056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

0,4×0,1×0,056 𝖶

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,017 0,00224

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,017

•

Ulangan II

Gambar L.6,4 U I

× 100%

𝖶

Alkali Bebas = 0,8×0,1×0,056

× 100%

5,042

(25)

0,00448

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,042

Gambar L.6.5 U II

•

Ulangan III

𝑉×𝑁×0,056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

0,6×0,1×0,056 𝖶

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,050 0,00336

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,050

Gambar L.6.6 U III

• Ulangan I

× 100%

𝖶

Alkali Bebas = 1×0,1×0,056

× 100%

5,050

Alkali Bebas = ^0,0056

× 100%

5,050

(26)

•

Ulangan II

Gambar L.6.7 U I

𝑉×𝑁×0,056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

1,2×0,1×0,056 𝖶

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,048 0,00672

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,048

Gambar L.6.8 U II

•

Ulangan III

× 100%

𝖶

Alkali Bebas = 0,8×0,1×0,056

× 100%

5,058

× 100%

5,058

Alkali Bebas = 0,08%

(27)

Gambar L.6.9U III

L.6.4 Dengam penambahan daun kelor 15 ml (A3)

• Ulangan I

𝑉×𝑁×0,056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

1×0,1×0,056 𝖶

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,022 0,0056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,022

•

^{Ulangan II}

Gambar L.6.10 U I

× 100%

𝖶

Alkali Bebas = 0,7×0,1×0,056

× 100%

5,010

× 100%

5,010

(28)

Gambar L.6.11 U II

•

Ulangan III

𝑉×𝑁×0,056

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

0,9×0,1×0,056 𝖶

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,032 0,00504

Alkali Bebas =

× 100%

5,032

Gambar L.6.12 U III

L.7 Uji Kadar Vitamin C Daun Kelor

ml iodium × 0,01 N×0,88 × 10

Rumus kadar vitamin C:

×100%

Berat Sampel

• Ulangan I

Vit. C = ml iodium × 0,01 N×0,88 × 10

×100%

Berat Sampel

Vit. C = 0,5 × 0,01 N×0,88 × 10

×100%

10,005 0,044

Vit. C =

×100%

10,005

Vit. C = 0,43 %

(29)

• Ulangan II

Vit. C = ml iodium × 0,01 N×0,88 × 10

×100%

Berat Sampel

Vit. C = 0,6 × 0,01 N×0,88 × 10

×100%

10,027 0,0528

Vit. C =

×100%

10,027

Vit. C = 0,52%

• Ulangan III

Vit.C = ml iodium × 0,01 N×0,88 × 10

×100%

Berat Sampel

Vit.C = 0,8 × 0,01 N×0,88 × 10

×100%

10,018

Vit. C = ^0,0704

×100%

10,018

Vit. C = 0,70%

(30)

L.8 Uji Organoleptik

FORMULIR UJI ORGANOLEPTIK Tanggal Pengujian:

Nama Panelis:

Tanda Tangan:

Nama Produk: Pengaruh Konsentrasi Daun Kelor Terhadap Mutu Sabun Cair Berbasis Crude Palm Oil (CPO).

Instruksi:

Berikan penilaian saudara terhadap tekstur,Warna,dan Aroma berdasarkan kriteria penilaian sebagai berikut :

( 1 ) Sangat Tidak Disukai ( 4 ) Disukai

( 2 ) Tidak Disukai ( 5 ) Sangat Disukai ( 3 ) Biasa

Kode Sampel Tekstur Warna Aroma

A0 A1 A2 A3 Keterangan:

A0 = Tanpa Penambahan Daun Kelor.

A1 = Dengan Penambahan Daun Kelor 5 ml.

(31)

L.9 Tabel Uji Organoleptik Warna

Tekstur

Sangat Disukai

(Point 10)

Disukai

(Point 8)

Biasa

(Point 6)

Tidak Disukai

(Point 4)

Sangat Tidak Disukai (Point

2)

Jumlah Penalis

Jumlah Point

A0 12 7 2 1 0 20

Penalis

192

% 60 35 10 5 0 100%

A1 14 4 2 0 0 20

Penalis

184

% 70 20 10 0 0 100%

A2 10 6 4 0 0 20

Penalis

172

% 50 30 20 0 0 100%

A3 8 7 3 2 0 20

Penalis

162

% 40 35 15 10 0 100%

(32)

L.10 Tabel Uji Organoleptik Tekstur

Tekstur

Sangat Disukai

(Point 10)

Disukai

(Point 8)

Biasa

(Point 6)

Tidak Disukai

(Point 4)

2)

Jumlah Penalis

Jumlah Point

A0 7 8 4 1 0 20

Penalis

154

% 35 40 20 5 0 100%

A1 10 6 3 1 0 20

Penalis

170

% 50 30 15 5 0 100%

A2 9 4 6 1 0 20

Penalis

150

% 45 20 30 5 0 100%

A3 7 9 3 1 0 20

Penalis

164

% 35 45 15 5 0 100%

(33)

33

L.11 Tabel Uji Organoleptik Aroma

Tekstur

Sangat Disukai

(Point 10)

Disukai

(Point 8)

Biasa

(Point 6)

Tidak Disukai

(Point 4)

2)

Jumlah Penalis

Jumlah Point

A0 8 5 5 2 0 20

Penalis

158

% 40 40 25 10 0 100%

A1 13 5 2 0 0 20

Penalis

186

% 50 30 20 0 0 100%

A2 10 5 5 1 0 20

Penalis

174

% 50 25 25 5 0 100%

A3 9 6 4 1 0 20

Penalis

166

% 45 30 20 5 0 100%

L.12 Tabel Uji Organoleptik Keseluruhan

Perlakuan Warna Tekstur Aroma Jumlah Point

A0 192 154 158 504

A1 184 170 186 540

A2 172 150 174 496

A3 162 164 166 492