INDONESIAN-ENGLISH CODE SWITCHING BY FACEBOOKERS A Case Study at Student Association of English Education Program
(SAE2P) Members of FKIP University of Mataram Academic Year 2017/2018
A JOURNAL
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Sarjana Segree in English Department Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
University of Mataram
By
SEVIN FEBRIAZDA A E1D013046
ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MATARAM
1 INDONESIAN-ENGLISH CODE SWITCHING BY FACEBOOKERS A Case Study at Student Association of English Education Prgram (SAE2P)
Members of FKIP University of Mataram Academic Year 2017/2018
By:
SEVIN FEBRIAZDA AZHAR Sevinfebriazda5@gmail.com
University of Mataram
ABSTRAK
Studi ini berjudul “INDONESIAN-ENGLISH CODE SWITCHING BY FACEBOOKERS. A Case Study at Student Association of English Education Program (SAE2P) Members of FKIP University of Mataram Academic Year 2017/2018” yang bertujuan untuk (1) menggambarkan tipe alih kode yang digunakan oleh SAE2P, dan (2) menemukan alasan mengapa SAE2P melakukan alihkode. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, yang dimana sampelnya meliputi 40 anggota dari asosiasi mahasiswa pendidikan bahasa Inggris, FKIP, Universitas Mataram yang aktif di Facebook. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi tidak langsung pada status-status dan komentar-komentar anggota SAE2P di Facebook. Setelah mencatat dan menerjemahkannya, data tersebut lalu di identifikasi berdasarkan alihkode untuk menganalisa tipe dan alasan alihkode. Peneliti menemukan tiga tipe alihkode oleh pengguna Facebook dari komunitas SAE2P, yaitu, inter-sentential code switching yang muncul sebanyak 28 kali atau 37.84%, intra-sentential code switching yang muncul sebanyak 45 kali atau 60.81%, dan tag switching yang muncul sebanyak 1 kali atau 1.35%. Ada 5 alasan untuk menggunakan alihkode oleh pengguna Facebook dari komunitas SAE2P, antara lain (a) membicarakan topic tertentu, (b) mengutip orang lain, (c) menggunakan kata seru (menyisipkan pengisi kalimat atau penyambung kalimat), d) bersikap empati terhadap suatu hal, dan (e) menggunakan pengulangan untuk klarifikasi.
2 ABSTRACT
This study entitled “INDONESIAN-ENGLISH CODESWITCHING BY FACEBOOKERS. A Case Study at Student Association of English Education Program (SAE2P) Members of FKIP, University of Mataram, Academic Year 2017/2018” aims at (1) describing the type of codeswitching used by SAE2P Facebookers, and (2) finding out the reasons why SAE2P Facebookers do codeswitching. This research uses descriptive qualitative method, in which the samples involves 40 members of Student Association of English Education Program (SAE2P), FKIP, University of Mataram who are active on Facebook. Data were collected using unparticipated observation of the SAE2P members in the Facebook statuses and their comments on Facebook. Having been transcribed and translated, the data were identified based on codeswitching in order to analyze the types and the reasons for codeswitching. The researcher found out three types of codeswitching by SAE2P Facebookers, namely inter-sentential code switching that occurs 28 times or 37.84%, intra-sentential codeswitching that occurs 45 times or 60.81%, and tag switching in which occurs 1 time or 1.35%. There are five reasons for doing codeswitching by SAE2P Facebookers such as (a) talking about particular topic, (b) quoting somebody else, (c) using interjection (inserting sentence fillers or sentence connectors), (d) being emphatic about something, and (e) using repetition used for clarification.
3 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
These days, in a bilingual community, people switch codes in daily
conversation to achieve interactional goals with other speakers. Platt and Weber
(1985:221) argued that people can use code when they want to stress the use of
language or language variety in a particular community. Some people like to
communicate with each other using one code or language interchanged with another
code or another language. Developing communicative competence in two or more
languages gives individuals the opportunity to express their feelings and thoughts
and shape their identity.
In a bilingual or multilingual society, it is normal for people to be in a
situation when the change of language occurs within the continuous conversation. It
is called code switching. Code switching occurs in the syntactic structure within a
sentence. It appears in phrase, clause or sentence when part is spoken in language A
and the rest in language (Rizal, 2011).
Nowadays, Indonesian people use code switching through social media
services. One of the most popular asynchronous computer mediated
communication methods on the internet, where occurrences of code switching are
frequent, is Facebook. It allows people to interact and correspond with each other
in all parts of the world as well as share their feelings and thoughts in a fraction of
a second (Khadim 2014). Facebook users have the tendency of switching from one
code to another while communicating.
In doing this research, the researcher is interested in choosing the members
of Student Association of English Education Program (SAE2P) of Faculty of
Teacher Training and Education Program who actively communicate through
Facebook. Most of the students in English Education Program, including SAE2P
members have learned English since they were in 4th grade of Elementary School.
4 unconsciously. This bilingual behavior is further enriched when they enter the
English Department at the University of Mataram where the medium of instruction
is English. Furthermore, lecturers, books, subjects and friends help them in
developing bilingual characteristics. This kind of large scale input has affected the
language choice of the students. Consequently they use another language along
with their mother tongue out of habit. Thus, the researcher is interested in
conducting research on Indonesian-English code switching by SAE2P
Facebookers, as well as the reasons that motivate them to switch from Indonesian
into English.
RESEARCH METHOD
This study applies descriptive qualitative method. The researcher takes the
members of SAE2P in which about 371 members. However, the researcher only take
10% percent of the population, that is, 40 Facebookers out of 371 members in SAE2P.
The data analyses are carried out by identifying data from observation of the
statuses and replies of SAE2P Facebookers. Next, the researcher make transcript of the
data as well as translate them into English. After identifying the data collected, the
researcher classifies code switching based on question being raised involving the types
of code switching and the reasons that motivate code switching by SAE2P
Facebookers. Finally, after identifying and classifying the data, the researcher then
explains the data in some description following the types and the reasons that motivate
5 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
In this study, the researcher found that there are three types of code switching
used by SAE2P Facebookers on their statuses and comments. Those are inter-sentential
code switching, intra-sentential code switching, and tag switching. There are 5 reasons
of doing code switching by SAE2P Facebookers, such as, talking about a particular
topic, being empathy about something, quoting somebody else, using interjection
(inserting sentence fillers or sentence connectors), and using repetition for clarification.
1. Types of Code Switching
According to the data, inter-sentential code switching occurs 28 times
(37.84%), followed by intra-sentential code switching which occurs 45
times (60.81%), and tag switching as the fewest type of code switching
which occurs 1 time (1.35%).
The status below (17) is other example for inter-sentential
codewitching which is to promote a seminar about going abroad.
17)JB: Ayo argUMenter!!! It‟s your chance to improve your leadership, plus you‟ll have
JB: Let‟s argUMenter!!! It‟s your chance to improve your leadership, plus you‟ll have
a lot of funnn… a lot of funnn
JB: “Come on argumenters! It is your chance to Improve your leadership, plus you‟ll have a lot of funnn
Inter-sentential code switching is shown in the status above, where the
6 2. Reasons for Code Switching
There are five reasons why SAE2P Facebookers used code switching.
Those are talking about a particular topic, quoting somebody else, being
emphatic about something, using interjection (inserting sentence fillers or
sentence connectors), and using repetition used for clarification. In
addition, the reason that commonly occurs in the data is being emphatic
about something.
To quote someone‟s opinion, all people use the original language of speaker quoted. It is because quotation must be in the original language used
by the speaker. If the people quote by using their own language by
considering only the idea, it will be called paraphrase. That is why quoting someone‟s opinion or statement cannot be avoided from language use by speakers. Therefore, quotation results the use of more than one language in
language contact. In other words, quoting somebody else‟s opinion is one of the reasons why someone switched from one language to another language.
This reason can be shown in the following example:
92)ANH: Wise man said, “only fool rush in”.Lirik lagu. Cocok ni.
ANH: Wise man said, “only fool rush in”. Lyric song match this.
ANH: “Wise man said “ only fool rush in” a song lyric. It is match”
From the statuses above, the Facebooker quoted the English
statement directly that results code switching or the speaker switches his
7 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
This study demonstrates that many of the SAE2P Facebook users employed
code switching in their interaction on Facebook. The researcher finds out that the
SAE2P Facebookers use code switching when they are posting statuses or giving
comements on Facebook.
There are three types of code switching used by SE2P Facebookers in academic
year 2017/2018. Those types are inter-sentential code switching occurs 28 times
(37.84%) , followed by intra-sentential code switching in which occurs 45 times
(60.81%), and tag switching as the fewest type of code switching in which occurs 1
times (1.35%). The study also showed that there are many reasons why SAE2P
Facebookers code switched, including quoting somebody else, talking about particular
topic, using interjection (inserting sentence fillers or sentence connectors), showing
empathy about something, and using repetition for clarification.
Then, based on the research findings the researcher aims that This thesis
discusses only on code switching on statuses and comments of SAE2P Facebookers on
Facebook. It is hoped that the next researcher can explore and investigate other
phenomenon of code switching in social media such as, the differences between
written and oral code switching and codeswitching that occurs in social media among
teenagers.
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