Tricahyono, NH
Semester IV
Pendidikan Geografi FKIP
Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HAMKA
2021
Inceptisols (from Latin inceptum, "beginning") are soils that exhibit minimal horizon development.
Inceptisols are divided into 7 suborders: Aquepts, Anthrepts, Gelepts, Cryepts,
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
IKHTISAR:
1. Vegetasi : Tidak spesifik
2. Iklim: Beragam iklim, tidak termasuk arid
3. Soil moisture regime: variety of soil moisture regimes except aridic 4. Ciri penting tanah: Sedikit sifat
diagnostik
5. Diagnostic horizons: cambic but no spodic, argillic, kandic, natric, and oxic horizon
6. Epipedon: ochric, umbric, histic, or plaggen (mollic)
7. Proses utama: Pergerakan massa, erosi tanah, deposisi
8. Karakteristik: Kondisi lingkungan menghambat proses pembentukan tanah
Inceptisols
Tanah-tanah embrionik dengan sedikit saja sifat pencirinya
1. Glacial deposits
2. Recent deposits in valleys or deltas 3. Most Inceptisols occur on
geologically young sediments (e.g. alluvium, colluvium, loess)
4. Bahan induk yang sangat-berkapur atau resisten terhadap pelapukan dapat menghambat perkembangan tanah, tetapi cocok bagi
perkembangan Inceptisols
1. Bahan induk resisten
2. Acidic Till (glacial till origin with high acid
content)
3. Lereng curam atau depresi
4. Asal-usulnya Recent, seringkali post-glacial.
5. Beragam kondisi iklim
6. May succession and be moving toward a spodosol
or ultisol
KONDISI LINGKUNGAN
IKLIM -Climate
:Inceptisols berkembang pada beragam kondisi iklim, kecuali kondisi ARIDIK. Rezim lengas-tanah juga beragam, mulai dari tanah-tanah yg drainagenya buruk hingga tanah-tanah yg drainagenya bagus pada lereng-lereng curam.
By definition, Inceptisols cannot have an aridic soil moisture regime. Climate which inhibits soil development such as low temperatures or low precipitation favors the development of Inceptisols. The suborder of Aquepts requires higher soil moisture conditions compared to the other suborders of Inceptisols.
Vegetasi
Inceptisols ditemukan pada ekosistem hutan, padang rumput dan lahan pertanian. Kebanyaka Inceptisols ditemukan pada kondisi ekosistem hutan. Beberapa Inceptisols (Umbrepts) mungkin berkembang pada vegetasi prairie. Penggunaan tanah pada saat sekarang mungkin dibatasi oleh solum yang tipis (mis. Pada lereng-lereng curam) atau oleh drainage yang buruk (mis. Di daerah depresi). Inceptisols cocok untuk kehutanan atau cagar alam.
Relief:
Kebanyakan Inceptisols berkembang pada lereng-lerang curam, dimana erosi tanah telah mengangkut sebagian topsoil secara kontinyu.
Other Inceptisols are formed on convex toeslope areas where slope is level to gently rolling. These Inceptisols develop in deep colluvium where sediment has been / is deposited.
BAHAN INDUK - Parent Material:
Inceptisols banyak ditemukan di daerah-daerah deposit-glasial atau pada deposit-muda di lembah-lembah atau delta.Where they occupy upland positions on young geomorphic surfaces, both primary and secondary minerals are present.
Most Inceptisols are present on geologically young sediments (e.g. alluvium, colluvium, loess).
Bahan induk yang snagat berkapur atau resisten terhadap pelapukan dapat menghambat perkembangan tanah, tetapi kondisi ini cocok bagi perkembangan Inceptisols.
WAKTU - Time:
Kebanyakan Inceptisols berkembang pada lanskap muda (<
Holocene), dimana waktu membatasi perkembangan penciri tanah.
There are Inceptisols where the solum is permanently altered by
loss of soil particles due to erosion or by the deposition of soil
particles. These processes might be acting smooth but continuously
or sporadically in space and time
.
Di daerah tropis, laju perkembangan Inceptisols menjadi ordo
tanah lainnya , lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan di daerah
temperate dan dingin, proses perkembangan tanah ini juga
dihambat oleh lambatnya pelapukan batuan resisten.
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
PROSES PEMBENTUKAN - GENESIS
Virtually many pedogenic processes are active to some extent in Inceptisol profiles but none predominates. The genesis of Inceptisols includes multiple pathways depending on the processes occuring on a given landscape and geographic area. Environmental factors can slow down wethering (e.g. low temperatures, low precipitation, or resistant parent material) and soil development to form other soil orders is retarded or even inhibited.
Erosi tanah pada lereng curam dapat mengubah topsoil secara ekstrim. Kalau erosi telah meratakan lereng, laju erosi menjadi lambat dan ciri pedogenik lebih tampak seperti horison argilik. Biasanya Inceptisols berkembang pada bahan induk yang ada di bagian bawahnya, karena erosi telah mengikis bentang lahan dan mengangkut material tanah.
Periode waktu yang panjang dan laju erosi yang intensif diperlukan bagi perkembangan Inceptisol pada lereng yg curam (tanah tipis, horison AC) untuk berkembang lebih lanjut (profil tanah yang dalam, horison ABC).
PROSES GENESIS
Inceptisols juga berkembang pada material colluvium di bagian bawah
dari lereng-lereng yang curam. Proses-proses yang membentuk material
koluvium adalah pergerakan massa, soil creep (peregrakan massa tanah),
dan deposisi. Karena proses-proses “hillslope” dan pelapukan, ciri-ciri
mofologis terbentuk dan rusak secara terus-menerus.
Inceptisols may be also found on alluvial deposits where temporary
flooding alters the soil profile due to the deposition of soil particles on the
soil surface and the soil profile becomes saturated. For example,
Inceptisols in the southern Mississippi River Valey are developed on
alluvial deposits.
Tabel-air yang dekat dengan permukaan mendorong proses-proses
reduksi oksida besi dan oksida aluminium.
PROSES GENESIS
Pada zone depresi atau dasar-dasar lembah ditemukan inceptisols yg drainagenya buruk dimana proses gleizasi menghasilkan ciri redoximorphic. Di lokasi-lokasi yang pencucian lebih intensif, tetapi proses lessivage dan perkembangan horison argilik agak terhambat, mungkin karena tanah tidak sering mengalami pengeringan. Di daerah batuan masam, tanah-tanah yg berkembang pada depresi lanskap cenderung lebih tercuci dan kandungan basanya lebih rendah dibandingkan dnegan tanah-tanah di sekitarnya.
In landscapes of high base status soils, the associated poorly drained Inceptisols in depression areas usually have higher base status than the surrounding soils. This can be attributed to the enrichment of the low-lying parts of the landscape by lateral processes such as transport of bases attached to soil particles, in surface runoff, or lateral subsurface flow. In some materials saturated with brackish water sulfides may accumulate and sulfuric horizons may be formed. Kalau mengalami oksidasi, biasanya oleh adanya drainage buatan, terbentuklah asam sulfat. Tanah-tanah Inceptisols yang unik ini lazim dikenal sebagai
'cat-clays'.
PROSES GENESIS
Dekomposisi, humifikasi, dan mineralisasi menghasilkan akumulasi
bahan organik.
Kandungan bahan organik tanah lebih tinggi pada
subordo
Umbrepts dan Aquepts dibandingkan dengan Ochrepts.
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
CIRI-CIRI - Properties
Horison pencirinya KAMBIK bawah-permukaan, terdiri atas pasir sangat halus, pasir halus berlempung atau tekstur yg lebih halus, dengan beberapa indikasi lemah horison argilik atau spodik, tetapi belum memenuhi kriteria argilik atau spodik.
Typically, these soils have an ochric or umbric epipedon over a cambic horizon. The ochric epipedon is generally a light-colored, low organic matter horizon. The umbric epipedon is similar to the mollic epipedon except for having a base saturation less than 50 %. Some poorly drained Inceptisols have a histic epipedon where organic matter content is high.
Soils with mollic epipedons are Inceptisols when base saturation at pH 7 is less than 50 % in some horizon between the mollic epipedon and a depth of 180 cm or a lithic or paralithic contact if shallower.
Inceptisols tipis/dangkal , hanya sedikti horison, mis. AC, AR atau ABC. Perkembangan struktur tanah lemah karena adanya erosi.
1.
Bahan induknya bermacam-macam
2.
Occur on any slope or land form
3.
From flood plains to mountain tops
4.
Any soil moisture regime except aridic
and torric
5.
Any soil temperature regime except
permafrost
6.
Umurnya beragam, mulai dari muda
hingga sangat tua
1. Lapisan horisonnya
belum berkembang
dengan baik
2. Perkembangan
horison masih minim
3. Tanah-tanah muda
Inceptisol adalah tanah muda dan mulai berkembang. Profilnya mempunyai horizon yang pembentukannya agak lambat sebagai hasil alterasi bahan induk. Horizon-horizonnya tidak memperlihatkan hasil pelapukan yang intensif. Horizon akumulasi liat dan oksida-oksida besi & aluminium yang jelas tidak ada pada tanah ini. Profil nya lebih berkembang dibandingkan dengan entisol. Tanah-tanah yang dulunya dikelaskan sebagai hutan coklat, andosol dan tanah coklat dapat dimasukkan ke dalam Inceptisol
Kebanyakan Inceptisol memiliki kambik. Horizon B yang mengalami proses- proses genesis tanah seperti fisik, biologi, kimia dan proses pelapukan mineral. Perubahan ini menghasilkan struktur kubus atau gumpal bersudut.
Diunduh dari: http://blog.ub.ac.id/setiajunior/2012/04/28/tanah-inseptisol/ ………….. 27/2/2013
Four major concentration settings
1. Daerah-daerah dingin
2. Daerah-daerah kering
(ustik dan terik)
3. Lahan-basah =
Wetlands
4. Geographically young
surfaces (floodplains,
glacial deposits, steep
or highly erosive
slopes, volcanic
deposits)
Diunduh dari: http://blog.ub.ac.id/setiajunior/2012/04/28/tanah-inseptisol/ ………….. 27/2/2013Inceptisol dapat berkembang dari bahan induk batuan beku, sedimen, metamorf. Karena Inceptisol merupakan tanah yang baru berkembang biasanya mempunyai tekstur yang beragam dari kasar hingga halus, dalam hal ini dapat tergantung pada tingkat pelapukan bahan induknya. Bentuk wilayah beragam dari berombak hingga bergunung. Kesuburan tanahnya rendah, jeluk efektifnya beragam dari dari dangkal hingga dalam. Di dataran rendah pada umumnya tebal, sedangkan pada daerah-daerah lereng curam solumnya tipis.
Pada tanah berlereng cocok untuk tanaman tahunan atau untuk menjaga kelestarian tanah.
Inceptisols are young soils that are more developed than entisols.
These soils are found in arctic tundra environments, glacial
deposits, and relatively recent deposits of stream alluvium.
Common characteristics of recognition include immature
development of eluviation in the A horizon and illuviation in the B
horizon.
Diunduh dari: http://www.chacha.com/question/what-characteristic-is-shared-by-both-inceptisols-and-entails-,-the-soils-of-food-plains ………….. 25/2/2013
Inceptisols:
Dicirikan oleh epipedon okhrik dan “incipient” perkembangan
horison B (Kambik - Bw)
Subordo:
Aquepts - menunjukkan ciri-ciri basah
Anthrepts – epipedon anthropic atau plaggen
Cryepts – rezim suhu tanah cryic
Ustepts - rezim lengas tanah USTIK
Xerepts - rezim lenga stanah XERIK
Udepts - Inceptisols lainnya (mis. Rezim lengas tanah UDIK).
SUB-ORDO pada INCEPTISOLS
wet
Aquepts
Udepts
Xerepts
Ustepts
Cryepts
Anthrepts
cold
Man-made
Subordo yang dominan
1.
Anthrepts adalah inceptisols yang drainagenya bagus, yang
mempunyai epipedon anthropik atau plaggen.
2.
Aquepts adalah Inceptisols yang basah. Drainage alamiahnya jelek
atau sangat jelek, dan , kalau tanah tidak mengalami drainage
buatan, groundwater berada dekat permukaan selama periode
tertentu selama setahun , tetapi tidak sepanjang musim. Banyak
tanah ini berkembang pada vegetasi hutan, tetapi juga ditemukan
pada beragam vegetasi. Aquepts digunakan untuk lahan pertanian,
pasture, hutan atau cagar alam.
3.
Cryepts are the cold Inceptisols of high mountains or high latitudes.
They are mostly in the high mountains of the West as well as
southern Alaska. The vegetation is mostly conifers or mixed conifers
and hardwoods. Most are used as forest or wildlife habitat. Some of
the soils, mostly those in Alaska, are used as cropland
.
1. Udepts are mainly freely drained Inceptisols that have a udic or perudic
moisture regime. They are most extensive in the Appalachian Mountains, on the Allegheny Plateau, in northeastern Minnesota, and in Oregon. Most of the soils currently support or formerly supported forest vegetation, but some support shrub or grass vegetation. Vegetasinya kebanyakan hutan konifer dan hutan campuran kayu-keras. Kebanyakan tanah ini dikelola sebagai hutan atau telah dibuka untuk lahan pertanian atau pasture.
2. Ustepts adalah inceptisols yang drainagenya bagus mempunyai rezim air-tanah Ustik. Vegetasi alamiahnya biasanya berupa rumput, tetapi beberapa
atanah didukung oleh vegetasi pohon. Kebanyakan Ustepts dikelola sebagai lahan pertanian atau pasture.
3. Xerepts are mainly freely drained Inceptisols that have a xeric moisture
regime. They are in the western part of the United States, mostly in California, Oregon, and Washington. The native vegetation commonly was coniferous forest on the soils with a frigid or mesic temperature regime and shrubs, grasses, and widely spaced trees on the soils with a thermic temperature regime. Most Xerepts are used as forest, cropland, or pasture. Some are used as rangeland or wildlife habitat.
KLASIFIKASI - Classification
Persyaratan untuk memenuhi kriteria Inceptisol adalah:
1. Biasanya ada horison penciri KAMBIK, tetapi tidak ada horison
spodic, argillic, kandic, natric, atau oksik.
2. Subsoilnya kurang berkembang, tetapi mempunyai epipedon
umbric, histic, atau plaggen
3. Tekstur tanah: tanah-tanah mineral berlempung atau lebih halus
4. They exhibit profile development sufficient to exclude them from
Entisols but lack features though to represent mature soil
formation
5. Tidak ada ciri-ciri ANDIK dalam lapisan lebih tebal 35 cm di
dalam 60 cm zone permukaan.
6. Rezim air-tanah ARIDIK biasanya tidak ada
7. Subordo dalam Inceptisols dibedakan oleh rezim lengas tanah,
epipedon, dan rezim suhu tanah.
Aquepts
They show redoximorphic features and are saturated with water at some period in the year. Aquepts usually have cambic horizons and commonly in the US, they have fragipans. Aquepts are found in the Flood Plains of the Mississippi River Valley, the lacustrine regions in the Midwest, and the lower Coastal Plain along the Atlantic and Gulf Coast.
Plaggepts
They have dark brown or black plaggen epipedons. Plaggepts were formed by anthropic activity mainly in Europe and are of small extent.
Tropepts
Tanah-tanah ini berkembang pada kondisi resim suhu tanah ISOMESIK atau ISO yang lebih hangat.
Ochrepts
They have an ochric epipedon or if their soil temperature regime is mesic or warmer they have thin (< 25 cm) mollic or umbric epipedons. Their soil organic matter content is low.
Umbrepts
Tanah ini mempunyai epipedon umbric, mollic, atau anthropik. Tanah ini drainagenya bagus, masam, kemerahan gelap atau kecoklatan, dan kaya bahan organik..
Ciri tanah, resim suh dan rezim air, membedakan great groups dan subgroups yang ada dalam Inceptisols.
Contoh-contoh yang ada pada Ordo Inceptisol adalah: suhu tanah Cryic atau pergelic (mis. Cryaquepts), rezim air-tanah USTIK (mis. Ustochrepts, Ustic Humitropepts), dan rezim air-tanah ARIDIK (mis. Aridic Ustochrepts).
A sulfuric horizon is considered on the great group (e.g. Sulfaquepts) and subgroup level (e.g. Sulfic Cryaquepts).
The presence of a fragipan (e.g. Fragiaquepts, Fragic Epiaquepts, or Fragic Xerochrepts), a duripan (e.g. Durochrepts), or plinthite (e.g. Plinthaquepts) are considered.
Carbonates within the soil profile of Inceptisols or a high base status define the Eutrochrepts.
Inceptisols low in bases are common on the great group level (e.g. Dystropepts) and on the subgroup level (e.g. Dystric Eutrochrepts, Dystric Xerochrepts).
Shallow soil profiles are found in several subgroups, for instance, Lithic Ustochrepts, Lithic Cryaquepts, and Lithic Endoquepts.
Karakteristik VERTIK , seperti retakan dan sifat mengembang dati komponen mineral-tanah mendefinisikan beberapa subgroups dari Inceptisols (mis. Vertic Ustochrepts, Vertic Eutrochrepts, atau Vertic Humitropepts).
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Bahan induk Fluvial ditemukan pada beberapa subgroups,
misalnya, Fluventic Humitropepts, Fluventic Ustochrepts, atau
Fluventic Xerumbrepts.
Inceptisols terbentuk pada bahan induk volcanik (mis. volcanic
glass) yang tidak memenuhi kriteria Ordo Andisol , dicirikan oleh
unsur-formatif 'vitrandic' (mis. Vitrandic Humitropepts, Vitrandic
Durochrepts) atau 'andic' kalau fraksi halus mempunyai bobot isi
1.0
g/cm
3atau
kurang
(mis.
Andic
Durochrepts,
Andic
Fragiochrepts).
Karakteristik PENCIRI
Inceptisols MELIPUTI TANAH-TANAH YANG mempunyai sedikit
perkembangan subsoil, tetapi tidak mempunyai ciri-ciri ordo tanah
lainnya.
They are excluded from the Aridisol order by soil moisture regime, from
the Vertisol order by lack of argillipedoturbative features, and from the
Andisol order by andic parent material.
Di daerah iklim sedang dan semakin banyak hujan, terbentuklah
Mollisols atau Alfisols.
Di daerah iklim tropis dan subtropis terbentuklah Ultisols atau Oxisols.
Inceptisols adalah tanah-tanah
di lingkungan semiarid hingga
humid yg umumnya
menunjuk-kan
derajat
pelapukan
dan
perkembangan
tanah
yang
moderat.
Karakteristik tanah ini sangat
beragam dan ditemukan pada
berbagai kondisi iklim.
Inceptisol meliputi sekitar 17%
permukaan lahan dunia yang
bebas es.
Diunduh dari:
http://www.stthomas.edu/geography/faculty/kelley/physgeog/soils/taxonomy/soil_taxonomy.htm………. 26/2/2013 Inceptisols mempunyai horison yg telah mengalami perubahan, tetapi tidak cukup lapuk untuk menjadi horison illuvial ( akhiran “ept” berasal dari kata Latin “inceptum” yang artinya “baru mulai”).
These are young or in the beginning stage of soil formation. Many are shallow to bedrock, or occur on steeply sloping land. These soils occur in a wide range of temperature and moisture environments. The diagnostic features are the ochric epipedon and cambic horizon.
Urutan horison biasanya A, Bw, C.
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Diunduh dari:
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/19536/Inceptisol-soil-profile-showing-little-evidence-of-the-Profil tanah Inceptisol,
menunjuk-kan sedikit bukti akumulasi humus,
liat atau minerals untuk menjadi
lapisan yang “distinct”.
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation
Service, Soil Survey Staff
Diunduh dari: http://courses.soil.ncsu.edu/ssc551/units/print/unit17.html ………. 26/2/2013
Profil Inceptisol pada posisi lanskap deposisional yg drainagenya bagus di Republic of China. Horison KAMBIK dnegan struktur gumpal-bersudut yang kuat (kedalaman 20 - 60 cm).
On level, depositional surfaces the surface of the soil moves upward at such a rate that lessivage transfers of clay to the subsoil fail to deposit sufficient clay within a specific thickness to form an argillic or kandic horizon.
Inceptisols di lokasi seperti ini seringkali warnanya gelap tetapi perkembangan struktur blocky cukup baik untuk menjadi horison KAMBIK.
Diunduh dari: http://soils.usda.gov/technical/classification/orders/inceptisols.html.... 26/2/2013
The central concept of Inceptisols is that of soils of humid and subhumid regions that have altered horizons that have lost bases or iron and aluminum but retain some weatherable minerals. They do not have an illuvial horizon enriched with either silicate clay or with an amorphous mixture of aluminum and organic carbon.
Inceptisols mungkin mempunyai
banyak macam horison penciri,
tetapi tidak ada horison argillic,
natric kandic, spodic dan oxic.
Diunduh dari: ……… http://www.geo.msu.edu/geogmich/inceptisols.html.
Di Michigan, Inceptisols berlokasi terutama di lembah Saginaw dan dua daerah bagian timur dari Upper-Peninsula.
Little eluviation or illuviation has taken place, and the soils are characterized by poor drainage and waterlogging. If drained successfully, they can be productive-as in the navy-bean-producing areas of the Saginaw Valley.
Tanah ini berwarna kelabu, di bagian bawah tanah, ada indikasi kondisi basah, dan "give-away" bahwa tanah ini adalah Inceptisol.
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
ORIGIN OF INCEPTISOLS
1. Banyak berhubungan dengan datraan banjir dan
tatanan deposisional lainnya.
2. Juga berhubungan dnegan lereng-lereng
perbukitan
3. Common factor is terrain or history causes Young
soils, just beginning to develop soil profiles.
Diunduh dari: http://blog.ub.ac.id/setiajunior/2012/04/28/tanah-inseptisol/ ……….
Karakteristik tanah inceptisol adalah :
1. Memiliki solum tanah agak tebal, yaitu 1-2 meter
2. Warnanya hitam atau kelabu hingga coklat tua
3. Teksturnya debu, lempung berdebu, lempung
4. Struktur tanahnya remah, konsistensinya gembur,
pH 5,0 – 0,7
5. Kandungan bahan organik cukup tinggi, 10%-30%
6. Kandungan unsur hara : sedang hingga tinggi
7. Produktivitas tanah: sedang hingga tinggi.
Sucessional Relationships
Inceptisols
dapat
berkembang
menjadi
ultisols dan
spodosols
Diunduh dari: http://wahyuaskari.wordpress.com/literatur/tanah-inceptisol/ ………….. 25/2/2013
Inceptisol adalah tanah yang memiliki epipedon
okhrik dan horison albik seperti yang dimiliki
tanah entisol, juga menpunyai sifat penciri lain
(misalnya
horison
kambik)
tetapi
belum
memenuhi syarat bagi ordo tanah lainnya.
Inceptisol adalah tanah yang belum matang
(immature),
perkembangan
profilnya
lebih
lemah dibandingkan dengan tanah matang , dan
masih banyak menyerupai sifat bahan induknya
(Hardjowigeno,1993).
Contoh: Deskripsi Profil Tanah Inceptisol
Taksonomi tanah : Fluventic UstropeptsLokasi : Desa Jambuwer, Kecamatan Kromengan Kemiringan : 40%
Elevasi : 300 m dpl Bentul lahan : Dataran Bahan induk : Fluvent Drainase : Sedang
Horison Ap (0-22 cm): Coklat sampai coklat tua (10 YR 4/3) lembab; liat; subangular blocky, sedang, kuat; konsistensi teguh bila lembab; agak lekat dan agak plastis bila basah, keras bila kering; pori mikro, pori meso, dan pori makro banyak; perakaran halus banyak, batas jelas dan nyata.
Horison Bw1 (22-70 cm): Coklat (10 YR 4/2) lembab; liat; angular blocky, sedang , kuat; konsistensi sangat teguh bila lembab, sangat lekat; sangat plastis bila basah, sangat keras bila kering; pori mikro banyak, pori meso sedang, pori makro sedikit; batas kontinyu jelas dan sedang.
Bw2 (70-120 cm): Coklat tua (10 YR 4/4), lembab; liat; angular blocky, sedang, kuat; konsistensi sangat teguh bila lembab, sangat lekat, sangat plastis bila basah, sangat keras bila kering; pori mikro banyak, pori meso sedang, pori makro sedikit; batas kontinyu jelas dan sedangh.
Diunduh dari: AGRITEK 8(4) Nop 2000 ………….. 27/2/2013 0-22 cm 22-70 cm 70-120 cm pH H20 6.98 7.45 7.35 pH KCI 4.72 5.32 5.12 N- total (%) 0.153 0.1274 0.0712 C- organik (%) 1.7283 0.9470 0.4474 P-Olsen (ppm) 6.1092 4.8874 2.1502 K-dd (cmol/kg) 0.4191 0.7413 0.681 Ca-dd (cmol./ kg) 7.8 8.85 6.75 Mg-dd (cmol /kg ) 5.5 5.85 4.63 Na-dd (cmol/kg) 1.8455 1.9521 1.7526 KTK (cmol.kg~l) 33.14 29.93 25.95 Kejenuhan Basa (%) 47.11 58.11 47.72 Tekstur tanah Pasir (%) 20.11 25.64 25.14 Debu (%) 29.68 21.75 27.72 Liat (%) 50.21 52.60 47.14 Berat Isi (g /cm3) 1.168 1.253 1.297 Berat Jenis (g / cm3) 2.24 2.34 2.27 KHJ (cm /jam) 0.31 0.21 0.10
Contoh DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
Diunduh dari: http://ag.arizona.edu/oals/IALC/jordansoils/_pdf/jordan_inceptisols.pdf ………….. 27/2/2013
INFORMASI TENTANG LOKASI :
Soil Classification : USDA (1990): Fine, mixed, thermic Family of Vertic Xerochrepts (JDEF) FAO/UNESCO: CMv : Vertic Cambisol
Location : W of side sample area 1/6
Coordinates : Geographical : 35.91973 E/ 32.40582 N Elevation : 735 m asl
Landform : Position: Lower slope
Land System : 18/2(Undulating to rolling dissected limestone plateau on Ajlun/Balqa group) Land Facet : 5 (Vally floor on dissected limestone terrains )
Microrelief : Class : Even (<25 cm) Type : other
Slope : Sloping (9%) , concave to ESE Land Use : 1.1 Cereals
Plant /Crop : Cereals Climate: Mean annual precipitation:
Mean annual temperature : Air : 16.4 ° C / Soil (50cm) : 19.3° C Soil moisture regime : Xeric
Contoh DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
INFORMASI UMUM TENTANG TANAH:
Geology : Unconsolidated alluvium: Limestone [q5 Fluv.deposits, sand, loess (Bender 1968)]
Parent Material : Alluvium
Drainage : Surface Runoff: Medium Soil Drainage Class : Well
Surface Cover : Stones (15 %) Surface Feature : Litter (5 %) Soil Surface Conditions : Dry / Loose Erosion : Slight gully erosion Soil Depth : 200 cm +
Diagnostic Horizon or Property: Vertic at 25 cm
Contoh DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
Diunduh dari: http://ag.arizona.edu/oals/IALC/jordansoils/_pdf/jordan_inceptisols.pdf ………….. 27/2/2013 PROFILE DESCRIPTION:
0-5 cm
Brown (7.5 YR 4/4) dry and yellowish red (5 YR 4/6) moist; silty clayloam; moderate medium crumb; dry slightly hard; moist very friable; moderately sticky; slightly plastic; comm on very fine (< 0.5 mm) tubular pores; common very fine (<1 mm) fibrous root; 5 % irregular hard lim estone fine gravel (2-5 mm); moderate reaction to HCl; abrupt wavy boundary to:
5-25 cm
Reddish brown (5 YR 4/4) dry and dark reddish brown (5 YR 3/4) moist; silty clayloam; strong very coarse angular blocky; dry very hard; moist friable; moderately sticky; moderately plastic; few very fine (< 0.5 mm) tubular pores; common fine (1-5 mm) vertical cracks; common very fine (<1 mm) fibrous root; 2 % irregular hard limestone fine gravel (2-5 mm); weak thin clay coating; moderate reaction to HCl; diffuse smooth boundary to:
25-80 cm
Reddish brown (5 YR 4/4) dry and dark reddish brown (5 YR 3/4) moist; silty clayloam; strong coarse angular blocky breaking to strong coarse platy; dry very hard; moist friable; slightly sticky; moderately plastic; common very fine (< 0.5 mm) tubular pores; common fine (1-5 mm) vertical cracks ; common very fine (<1 mm) fibrous root; 4 % irregular hard limestone fine gravel (2-5 mm); moderately thin clay coating; moderate reaction to HCl; diffuse smooth boundary to:
80-165 cm
Reddish brown (5 YR 4/4) dry and dark reddish brown (5 YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; very strong coarse prismatic; dry very hard; moist friable; moderately sticky; moderately plastic; many fine (1-5 mm) vertical cracks; few very fine (<1 mm) fibrous roots; 10 % irregular hard lime stone fine gravel (2-5 mm); strong thick clay coating; strong reaction to HCl; clear wavy boundary to:
165- 200+ cm
Brown (7.5 YR 4/4 ) moist; extremely stony clay; moderate medium subangular blocky; dry very hard ; moist friable; moderately sticky; very plastic; common very fine (<1 mm) irregular cracks; few medium (2-5 mm) fibrous and woody roots; 60 % irregular hard limestone stones (75-25 0mm); moderate thin CaCO3 coating; violent reaction to HCl.
Diunduh dari: http://ag.arizona.edu/oals/IALC/jordansoils/_pdf/jordan_inceptisols.pdf ………….. 27/2/2013 INFORMASI TENTANG LOKASI :
Soil Classification: USDA (1990): Fine, mixed, calcareous, hyperthermic Family of Vertic Ustochrepts (JDDC) FAO/UNESCO : VR : Vertisol Location : 4.2km N of Shuna Coordinates : Geographical : 35.61391 E/ 32.64495 N JTM : 369964 E/ 613553 N Elevation : -200 m asl
Landform : Position: Lower slope of plain
Land System : 1/3 (Alluvial fans and terraces, piedmont fans)--1.3.2 [GIS] Land Facet : 2 (Gently sloping to flat alluvial fan)
Microrelief : Class: Even (<25 cm)
Type: Slope: Gently sloping (2 % ) , rectilinear to SW Land Use : 1.9 Tilled
Plant /Crop:
Climate : Mean annual precipitation: Mean annual temperature: Air : 22.2 ° C / Soil (50cm) : 25.0° C Soil moisture regime : Ustic
Precipitation zone : 350-400 mm p.a.
INFORMASI UMUM TENTANG TANAH:
Geology : Unconsolidated alluvium [q5 Fluv.deposits,sand,loess( Bender 1968 )]
Parent Material : Alluvium
Drainage : Surface Runoff: None Soil Drainage Class: Imperfect
Surface Cover : Gravel (10 %) Surface Feature : Litter (5 %)
Soil Surface Conditions: Wet / Moderately hard Erosion : Nil
Soil Depth : 180 cm + Diagnostic Horizon or Property:
Cambic at 25 cm and Vertic at 50 cm
Diunduh dari: http://ag.arizona.edu/oals/IALC/jordansoils/_pdf/jordan_inceptisols.pdf ………….. 27/2/2013 PROFILE DESCRIPTION:
0-25 cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky; dry moderately hard; moist friable; very sticky; very plastic; common very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores ; common fine (1-2 mm) fibrous roots; 3 % irregular hard limestone coarse gravel (20-75 mm); strong reaction to HCL; clear smooth boundary to:
25-50 cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky; dry moderately hard; moist friable; very sticky; very plastic; few (<2 %) small (<5 mm) distinct mottles (10YR 3/4) ; many very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores; common medium (2-5 mm) fibrous and woody roots ; 2 % irregular hard limestone fine gravel (2-5 mm); weak thin organic matter coating of peds; strong reaction to HCL; clear smooth boundary to:
50-93 cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clayloam; moderate medium subangular blocky breaking to wedges; dry moderately hard; moist friable; very sticky; very plastic; common (2-20 %) medium (5-15 mm) distinct mottles (10YR 3/4); many very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores; common large (>5 mm) fibrous and woody roots; 2 % fragments; 1 % small (<5 mm) soft calcareous concretions; slickensides; strong reaction to HCL; clear smooth boundary to:
93-126 cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky breaking to fine wedges; dry moderately hard; moist friable; very sticky; very plastic; common (2-20 %) medium (5-15 mm) distinct mottles (10YR 3/3); many very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores; 1 % sub-rounded hard limestone fine gravel (2-5 mm); 1 % small (<5 mm) soft calcareous concretions; slickensides; violent reaction to HCL; clear smooth boundary to:
126- 180+ cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky breaking to weak fine wedges; dry moderately hard; moist friable; very sticky; very plastic; common (2-20 % ) small (<5 mm) distinct mottles (10YR 3/3); many very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores; 1 % sub-rounded hard limes tone fine gravel (2-5 mm); 1 % small (<5 mm) soft calcareous concretions; slickensides; violent reaction to HCL.
