THE MOST IMPORTANT COMMERCIAL SPECIES
Albacore - A high-fat variety, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, the albacore has the lightest flesh, white with a hint of pink, and is the only tuna that can be called white. Its mild flavor and prized white flesh make it the most expensive canned tuna.
Yellowfin - Also called ahi, the yellowfin tuna is usually larger than albacore, reaching up to 300 pounds. Their flesh is pale pink and must be called "light", with a flavor slightly stronger than albacore.
Bluefin - Among the largest tunas are the bluefin, which can weigh over 1,000 pounds. Young bluefins have a lighter flesh and are milder in flavor. As they grow into adulthood, their flesh turns dark red and their flavor becomes more pronounced. Bluefin tuna is used in sushi and sashimi and is not canned.
Skipjack - Similar in flesh to the yellowfin, skipjack can weigh up to 40 pounds but typically range from 6 to 8 pounds. The fish get their name because of their lively movement in the water, where they seem to skip along the surface. Also known as arctic bonito, oceanic bonito, watermelon and, in Hawaii, aku, Skipjack is the most commonly canned fish on the market today.
PERIKANAN TUNA INDONESIA
Kapal Tuna Long Line di Samudera Hindia dalam 10 th
terakhir tumbuh sangat besar, kapal tuna nelayan kecil kurang dari 10 GT sampai diatas 25 GT, menggunakan alat tangkap : troll line, purse seine dan drift gill-net.
Penangkapan tuna di Samudera Hindia terletak di Pantai
Barat Sumatera, Perairan Barat dan Selatan Jawa, Bali sampai NTT.
Skipjack Tuna dan tuna kecil merupakan hasil tangkap utama
nelayan kecil.
Ekspor utama dari samudera Hindia adalah yellowfin tuna,
bigeye, southern bluefin tuna dengan tujuan Jepang, Singapura, UK dan USA ( Fresh Tuna ). Ekspor frozen tuna ( loin, fillet, steak) ke USA, Japan, Singapura dan Belanda.
Tuna mencakup tuna besar (Thunnus spp. – yellowfin, bigeye,
PERIKANAN TUNA INDONESIA
Produksi tuna Indonesia dan sejenisnya cukup besar yaitu mencapai 892.602 ton pada tahun 2007. Selama kurun waktu 6 tahun (2002 – 2007) mengalami kecenderungan
meningkat secara significant yaitu sekitar 44%.
Peningkatan produksi tertinggi di capai oleh eastern tuna / tongkol sekitar 50 %, kemudian cakalang sekitar 49%, dan tuna sekitar 29 %.
Tuna being unloaded at the
Port of Benoa.
Tuna being graded in processing room at
Fresh tuna exports by destination and year
[data from provincial fisheries office (Bali) via National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, Japan].
“Countries” refers to data in January 2000 in which no destination information was recorded.
Fresh tuna exports by destination and year
[data from provincial fisheries office (Bali) via National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, Japan].
Frozen tuna exports by destination and year
[data from provincial fisheries office (Bali) via National Research Institute of Far Seas isheries, Japan].
“Countries” refers to data in January 2000 in which no destination information was recorded.
Frozen tuna exports by destination and year
[data from provincial fisheries office (Bali) via National Research Institute of Far Seas isheries, Japan].
Proporsi Impor Tuna di Jepang berdasarkan
bentuk.
Proporsi Impor Tuna di Jepang berdasarkan
bentuk.
Impor tuna beku Jepang tahun 2004 – 2008 ( ribu
ton)
Impor tuna beku Jepang tahun 2004 – 2008 ( ribu
ton)
Impor Tuna Segar Jepang tahun 2004 – 2008
( ribu ton).
Impor Tuna Segar Jepang tahun 2004 – 2008
( ribu ton).
Impor tuna fillet, loin dan daging beku (ton)
Impor tuna fillet, loin dan daging beku (ton)
Year YFT(t) BET(t) SKJ(t) ALB(t) SBF(t) SWO(t) BUM(t) BLM(t) MLS(t) SFA(t) SSP(t) BILL(t) LOT(t) FRI(t) BLT(t)
2008 322,272 110,288 405,198 33,056 6,104 23,235 8,366 5,779 1,487 18,425 172 7,547 103,081 20,920 3,787
Grand
Total 9,083,1483,344,3399,520,9101,151,3811,379,699 599,654 293,937 100,230 177,390 235,688 6,803 244,375 2,427,366 536,866 39,039
Year FRZ(t) KAW(t) COM(t) GUT(t) STS(t) WAH(t) KGX(t) TUN(t) TUX(t) SKH(t) NTAD(t)
2008 12,604 125,377 108,379 39,019 12 527 12,055 10,661 13,646 55,918 27,482
Grand
Total 199,737 2,492,4713,187,369 964,011 7,274 10,291 456,501 210,389 467,625 1,536,646 458,570
ORGANISASI INTERNASIONAL DALAM
PENGELOLAAN
PERIKANAN TUNA
Pembentukan lembaga internasional didasarkan atas :
• United Nation Convention Law of The Sea ( UNCLOS ) 82, • FAO Compliance agreement ( 1993 ),
• United Nation Implementation Agreement ( UNIA ) 95, • United Nation Fish Stock Agreement ( UNFSA ) 95.
Khusus untuk Hightly Migatory Species telah di bentuk 5
lembaga pengelolaan perikanan regional atau Regional Fisheries Management Organitation (RFMO).
Secara geografis Indonesia terkait langsung dengan 3
RFMO :
• Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC)
• Western Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)
• Commission for The Conservation of Southern Bluefin
Tuna (CCSBT)
2 RFMO lain ( Indonesia tidak terkait ), yaitu :
• Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC)
• International Commission For The Conservation of Atlatic
ORGANISASI INTERNASIONAL DALAM PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN TUNA
Lembaga ini bertujuan menjamin konservasi dan
pemanfaatan secara optimum.
Saat ini CCSBT beranggotaa Australia, Jepang, Selandia Baru, Republik Korea Selatan, Entity of Taiwan, Filipina, Afrika Selatan dan Uni Eropa.
Indonesia telah meratifikasi kenvensi tentang konservasi Tuna Sirip Biru Selatan melalui Perpres No. 109 tahun 2007 dan saat ini telah menjadi anggota penuh.
Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission ( WCPFC ),
