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UJI AKTIVITAS DIURETIK EKSTRAK ETANOL PECUT KUDA (Stachytharpheta jamaicensis L. Vahl)
PADA TIKUS
ABSTRAK
Penggunaan tanaman obat semakin berkembang di masyarakat, salah satunya adalah pecut kuda (Stachytharpheta jamaicensis L. Vahl) yang mempunyai kandungan flavonoid yang diduga mampu menimbulkan efek diuretik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas diuretik ekstrak etanol pecut kuda (EEPK).
Hewan yang digunakan adalah tikus putih jantan. Tikus dipuasakan selama ± 12 jam kemudian diberikan NaCl 0,9% secara oral dengan dosis 20 ml/kg bb. Tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif diberikan CMC-Na 0,5%, kontrol positif diberikan furosemid 10 mg/kg bb, dan pemberian ekstrak etanol pecut kuda dosis 100, 150, 200 mg/kg bb. Tikus diletakkan di dalam kandang metabolik yang telah dimodifikasi. Volume urin yang diekskresikan dicatat setiap jam dan akumulasinya selama 5 jam sebagai urin total, diukur nilai pH serta ditentukan kadar elektrolit natrium dan kalium dalam urin menggunakan SSA (Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom) .
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian EEPK dengan dosis 100, 150 dan 200 mg/kg bb meningkatkan volume urin, kadar natrium dan kalium serta tidak ada pengaruh terhadap nilai pH dan hasil statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak berbeda signifikan terhadap kontrol positif yang diberikan furosemid dosis 10 mg/kg bb dengan tingkat signifikan p ≥ 0,05. Dosis 200 mg/kg bb menunjukkan efek diuretik paling baik dibandingkan dengan dosis lain. Volume urin total EEPK dosis 100 mg/kg bb: 2,56±0,378 ml; EEPK dosis 150 mg/kg bb: 2,8±0,308 ml; EEPK dosis 200 mg/kg bb: 3,96±0,838 ml. Nilai pH EEPK dosis 100 mg/kg bb: 7,42±0,08; EEPK dosis 150 mg/kg bb: 7,56±0,134; EEPK 200 mg/kg bb: 7,6±0,1. Kadar natrium EEPK dosis 100 mg/kg bb: 61,15±2,18 meq/l; EEPK dosis 150 mg/kg bb: 64,07±3,95 meq/l; EEPK dosis 200 mg/kg bb: 74,55±1,87 meq/l. Data kadar kalium dosis EEPK 100 mg/kg bb: 30,56±0,39 meq/l; dosis 150 mg/kg bb: 31,67±1,06 meq/l; dosis 200 mg/kg bb: 34,04±1,17 meq/l.
Berdasarkan hasil di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa EEPK dosis 100, 150 dan 200 mg/kg bb memberikan aktivitas diuretik dengan meningkatkan volume urin, kadar natrium dan kadar kalium terhadap tikus putih jantan.
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DIURETIC ACTIVITY TEST OF PORTERWEED ETHANOL EXTRACT (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L. Vahl)
IN RATS
ABSTRACT
Currently people widely use medicinal plants, one of which is porterweed (Stachytharpheta jamaicensis L. Vahl). It contains flavonoids that are capable of causing a diuretic effect. The purpose of this study is to determine the diuretic activity of porterweed ethanol extract (EEPK).
Animals used were white male rats. The rats were fasted for ± 12 hours prior to orally administrating them 0.9% NaCl on a dose of 20 ml/kg bodyweight. They were divided into 5 groups: the negative control group was given CMC-Na 0.5%, the positive control was given furosemide 10 mg/kg bodyweight, and the ethanol extract of porterweed was at doses of 100, 150, 200 mg/kg bodyweight. The rats were placed in modified metabolic cages. Excreted urine volume was recorded every hour and so was its accumulation for 5 hours as a urine total. Its pH value was measured and its levels of electrolytes sodium and potassium in the urine was determined by using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry).
The results show that administration of EEPK at doses of 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg bodyweight increased urine volume, sodium and potassium, but no influence on the pH value. The statistical results did not show a significant difference to the positive control that was given furosemide at dose of 10 mg/kg bodyweight with a significant level p ≥ 0,05. The dose of 200 mg/kg bodyweight showed the most excellent diuretic effects compared to other doses. EEPK urine volume total with dose of 100 mg/kg bodyweight: 2.56 ± 0.378 ml; EEPK dose of 150 mg/kg bodyweight: 2.8±0.308 ml; EEPK dose of 200 mg/kg bodyweight: 3.96±0.838 ml. The pH value of EEPK at dose of 100 mg/kg bodyweight: 7.42±0.08; EEPK dose of 150 mg/kg bodyweight: 7.56±0.134; EEPK 200 mg/kg bodyweight: 7.6±0.1. EEPK sodium value on dose of 100 mg/kg bodyweight: 61.15 ± 2.18 mEq/l; EEPK dose of 150 mg/kg bodyweight: 64.07±3.95 mEq/l; EEPK dose of 200 mg/kg bodyweight: 74.55±1.87 mEq/l. Potassium level on EEPK dose of 100 mg/kg bodyweight: 30.56±0.39 mEq/l; at dose of 150 mg/kg bodyweight: 31.67 ± 1.06 mEq/l; on dose of 200 mg/kg bodyweight: 34.04±1.17 mEq/l.
Based on the above results, it can be concluded that EEPK doses of 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg bodyweight showed diuretic activity by increasing urine volume, sodium and potassium levels to white male rats.
