Perbedaan Psychological Well-Being Caregiver Formal berdasarkan Status Kelembagaan Panti Jompo

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Perbedaan Psychological Well-Being Caregiver Formal berdasarkan Status

Kelembagaan Panti Jompo

Maria Simanjuntak1_{dan Hasnida}2

ABSTRAK

Caregiver formal lansia adalah individu yang menerima pembayaran (baik itu tenaga professional, honorer, asisten perawat) untuk menyediakan perawatan fisik, sosial, psikologis, serta pengawasan kepada lansia yang membutuhkan. Menurut Murti (2013) terdapat 2 jenis panti jompo berdasarkan kelembagaannya, yaitu: panti jompo pemerintah dan panti jompo swasta. Adanya perbedaan jumlah lansia yang ditangani oleh caregiver formal di panti jompo pemerintah dan swasta menjadi salah satu penyebab menurunnya kesehatan pada caregiver. Penurunan kesehatan tersebut akan berdampak pada psychological well-being para caregiver di kedua lembaga. Psychological well-being dipengaruhi oleh peran yang dilakukannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari oleh caregiver formal di panti jompo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan psychological well-being caregiver formal berdasarkan status kelembagaan panti jompo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian komparatif. Jumlah subjek penelitian ini adalah 60 caregiver formal panti jompo. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah adaptasi skala Psychological Well-Being dari Ryff (1995). Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai reliabilitas komposit sebesar (rxx) = 0,667. Data kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan teknik independent sample t-test dan menunjukkan hasil bahwa (1)perbedaan psychological well-being caregiver formal berdasarkan status kelembagaan tidak signifikan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,42(p > 0,05). (2)dari keenam dimensi hanya pada dimensi penguasaan lingkungan yang terdapat perbedaan psychological well-being caregiver formal berdasarkan status kelembagaan, yaitu caregiver panti jompo pemerintah memiliki nilai mean lebih tinggi daripada swasta dengan nilai signifikansi 0,029 (p < 0,05)

Kata Kunci : Psychological well-being, status kelembagaan panti jompo,

caregiver formal

1_{Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Sumatera Utara}

2_{Dosen Departemen Psikologi Klinis Fakultas Psikologi Sumatera Utara}

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Differences Psychological Well-Being Formal Caregiver based on The Institutional status of Nursing Home

Maria Simanjuntak1_{and Hasnida}2

ABSTRACT

Formal caregivers are individuals who receive payments (as professionals, honorary, assistant nurses) to provide physical care, social, psychological, and supervision to other individuals in need, especially the elderly in nursing homes. Murti (2013) explained there are two types of nursing homes based institutions, i.e: public nursing homes and private nursing homes. The difference in the number of elderly which handled by the formal caregiver at public and private nursing homes become one of the causes of declining health on caregiver. Health decline will impact on psychological well-being of the caregiver at both institutions. Psychological well-being is the result of the assessment or evaluation of a person against himself from his own experience. Psychological well-being influenced by his role in his daily activities as caregiver at nursing homes. This study aims to look the differences of psychological well-being among the formal caregivers based on instutional status of nursing home. This study used quantitative methods with comparative research. The number of subject for this study were 60 formal caregivers. This study used Psychological Well-Being Scale of Ryff (1995) as measure instrument, which has been translated into Indonesian. Measurement results obtained reliability value (rxx) = 0,667. Data were analyzed by using technique independent sample t-test and showed that (1) differences in psychological well-being formal caregiver based on institutional status have not significant value. It can be seen from the significant value of 0,42 (p>0,05). (2) from six dimension that being used in this study, only on environmental mastery dimension that showed differences in psychological well-being formal caregiver based on institutional status, caregiver at public nursing has a higher mean than private with significant value 0,029 (p<0,05).

Keyword : psychological well-being, institutional status of nursing home, caregiver formal.

1_{Psychology Student, Under Graduate Program, Faculty of Psychology, University}

of North Sumatera

2_{Lecture at Faculty of Psychology, University of North Sumatera}