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Tantangan Dalam Penanganan Dugaan Praktik Politik Uang Pada Pilkada Serentak 2017

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Academic year: 2021

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Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah menentukan penyelesaian pendekatan (nilai eigen dan fungsi eigen pendekatan) dari persamaan Sturm-Liouville dengan metode elemen

Besarnya kepadatan individu atau kelompok pada HBL dan HBT, karena kedua lokasi ini memiliki kerapatan pohon yang lebih rendah dibandingkan HP (kerapatan di HBL sekitar

2) Analisis ketercapaian KKM dilakukan dengan membandingkan persentase jumlah peserta didik yang mencapai KKM pada skor dasar dengan jumlah peserta didik yang mencapai KKM pada

Setelah melakukan analisis terhadap proses bisnis dan database pada Rumah Sakit ABC, informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh para eksekutif adalah sebagai berikut: (1) informasi

Menurut Wahadaniah (dalam Ratnasari, 2011: 16), “minat baca adalah suatu perhatian yang kuat dan mendalam disertai perasaan senang terhadap kegiatan membaca,