STRIVING FOR SUPERIORITY OF CHUCK NOLAND IN
CAST AWAY
MOVIE SCRIPT BY WILLIAM BROYLES
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
in English Letters
By
DEON ARDI Student Number: 044214078
ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF ENGLISH LETTERS
SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
i
STRIVING FOR SUPERIORITY OF CHUCK NOLAND IN
CAST AWAY
MOVIE SCRIPT BY WILLIAM BROYLES
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
in English Letters
By
DEON ARDI Student Number: 044214078
ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF ENGLISH LETTERS
SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
YOGYAKARTA
2011
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LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS
Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma:
Nama : Deon Ardi
Nomor Mahasiswa : 044214078
Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah yang berjudul:
STRIVING FOR SUPERIORITYOF CHUCK NOLAND IN
CAST AWAY
MOVIE SCRIPT BY WILLIAM BROYLE
Beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di Inetrenet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin dari saya maupun memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis.
Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta
Pada tanggal 5 Desember 2011 Yang Menyatakan
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
With the blessing of God, at last the writer has managed to complete this thesis. First of all, my greatest appreciation is devoted to Jesus Christ, for the blessings and giving me strength. I would be nothing without His blessings and guidance.
I would like to give my special grateful for, Dewi Widyastuti, S. Pd., M.Hum. who has led me to get valuable knowledge, She is one of the best lecturers that I have ever found. I thank her for her suggestions, guidance and making herself freely available for concultation in order to finish my thesis soon.
I am also grateful to all the lecturers for giving me knowledge and guidance during my study in Sanata Dharma. My appreciation is also expressed to Sanata Dharma University staffs.
The greatest affection is offered to my beloved mother Vivien Yuanita, for her belief in the value of higher education that gives me the opportunity to attend the university. Without her, I would not be as I am now.
I would also thank his dearest friends Uty, Glenn, Yudhi Mono, Dhion, Shanti, Echi, Dheva, Pipit. I thank them all for supporting me and sharing various moments during my study.
Finally, I would thank all the relatives and other people that I cannot mention one by one. I thank them for their help. I feel that this thesis is far from being perfect but I hope the readers take benefits from it.
Deon Ardi
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CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW ... 7
A. Review of Related Studies ... 7
B. Review of Related Theories ... 8
1. Character and Characterization ... 8
2. Individual Psychology ... 10
a. Notion of Individual Psychology ... 11
b. Basic Prinsiple of Individual Psychology ... 13
C. Theoretical Framework ... 23
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ... 25
A. Object of the Study ... 25
B. Approach of the Study ... 27
C. Method of the Study ... 29
CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ... 32
A.. The Characteristics of Chuck Noland Caharacterized in the Movie ... 32
1. Patience and Rational ... 32
2. Lovely and Affectionate ... 34
3. Aroganity ... 35
B. Chuck Noland’s Inferiority ... 38
C. The Struggle of Chuck Noland from the Inferior into Supperior 41 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ... 51
vii ABSTRACT
DEON ARDI. Striving for Superiority of Chuck Noland in Cast Away Movie Script by William Broyles. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2004.
Cast Away is directed by Robert Zemeckis and created by four producers namely Jack Rapke, Robert Zemeckis, Steve Starkey, Tom Hankss. Cast Away is a film which tries to put a long monologue played by Tom Hanks. The approach which is used to analyze the movie script is psychological. Psychological is a technique to learn science of behavior and mental processes and it learns about humans’ personality has a unique manner of looking at the world deeply.
Three problems are formulated to guide and limit the discussion in this study. The first problem examined the characteristics of Chuck Noland characterized in the movie script, the second problem examined Chuck’s characteristics show the inferiority on facing his loneliness on the island reflected in Robert Zemeckis’ Cast Away script, and the third problem examined the Chuck Noland’s struggle from the inferior into the superior in Robert Zemeckis’ Cast Away script.
The method used by the researcher to analyze the film is library research method, where the data are collected from script, books, and another article related with the study. The individual psychological is the approach that is used to conduct this study, because this study analyzes the literary work have a close relationship with the characteristic psychology of the major character.
The result of the finding shows that The characteristic of Chuck Noland shows that Chuck has patience and rationality, love and affection, and big ego. In
Cast Away movie Chuck has a lot of inferior feeling which makes him so afraid of doing everything. His inferiority here is his weaknesses in his life, such as; afraid of losing his girlfriend Kelly because he loves her so much. He was afraid if he died on the island alone without someone beside him. He is afraid of dentist. He was afraid if Kelly does not happy. His inferiority passed because he has a spirit to survive and makes people happy with his love and this is become Chuck’s striving to be superiority when he always tries to defeated his inferiority. While on the Island there is nobody living within, so there is no equipment to support Chuck’s life also. So here he strives to live and he strives to be a new primitive person on the island. So, on the next, to face his inferior he must strive to survive.
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viii ABSTRAK
DEON ARDI. Striving for Superiority of Chuck Noland in Cast Away Movie Script by William Broyles. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas sastra, Universitas Sanata Darma, 2004.
Cast Away disutradarai oleh Robert Zemeckis dan dibuat juga bersama 4 produser yaitu Jack Rapke, Robert Zemeckis, Steve Starkey, Tom Hankss. Cast Away adalah sebuah film yang menceritakan sebuah cerita monolog yang panjang yang dimainkan oleh Tom Hanks. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menganalisa naskah film ini adalah dengan pendekatan. Pendekatan psychology merupakan teknik yang mempelajari tentang perilaku manusia dan proses kejiawaan dan lebih dalam mempelajari tentang personality manusia yang mempunyai keunikan secara umum..
Ada tiga permasalahan yang disusun sebagai panduan dan batasan dalam diskusi ini. Permasalahan yang pertama adalah menentukan karakteristik Chuck Noland dalam naskah film Cast Away, yang kedua adalah menentukan karakteristik Chuck Noland dalam kegelisahannya dalam menghadapi kesendiriannya di pulau dalam naskah cast away, dan yang ketiga menentukan usaha dari Chuck Noland dari inferior menjadi superior dalam naskah film Cast Away.
Metode yang digunakan oleh peneliti untuk menganalisa film ini adalah menggunakan metode study pustaka, dimana data dikumpulkan dari naskah film, buku-buku, dan artikel lain yang berhubungan dengan data. Individual psikologi digunakan untuk menganalisis penelitian ini, karena penelitian ini menganalisa karya sastra berdasarkan karakteristik dari tokoh utamanya.
1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Literary works consist of many forms, such as poem, novel, and drama. There is literary review within the literary works, and it can be analyzed by using psychoanalytic analysis. One of literary works is drama which consists of dialogues, actors, producers, and the visualization of drama is a film. Cast Away is a 143 minute dramatical and tragic movie published on Friday December 22, 2000.
Cast Away is divided into three clearly-defined acts: the setup, the main story, and the aftermath. By the time the 30-minute epilogue arrives, we are already deeply attached to Chuck's character-a fact that makes the final dilemma harder to cope with. Once again, Zemeckis and screenwriter William Broyles Jr avoid the melodramatic, manipulative clichés that could have reduced Cast Away
to a lesser film (Berardinelli in http://www.reelviews.net/movies/c/ cast_away.html).
Robert Zemeckis is a director whose film got an Amy Award such as:
“Contact” published on 1999 and “Death Becomes Her”, “Forest Gump”, “ “The What Lies Beneath”, “Polar Express”, “Romancing the Stone” and “I Wanna Hold Your Hand”. Almost all of his movies played by the great actors Tom Hanks and Bruce Willis.
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Cast Away is a film which tries to put a long monologue played by Tom Hanks. The film describes about Chuck Noland, a Federal Express efficiency supervisor, jets around the world trouble shooting problems for the company. His life is driven by the clock, and he demands the same on FedEx employees. On Christmas Eve, he is unexpectedly dispatched on an assignment. Just before leaving, he proposes to his girlfriend, Kelly, and promises her, he will be right back because he does not want Kelly to become disappointed. The FedEx plane where he hitches a ride on was hit by a severe storm and is blown hundreds of miles off course. The plane crashes into the Pacific Ocean, and Chuck, the only survivor, drifts to a small deserted island. For the next four years he struggles to survive, using salvaged items from washed up FedEx packages as tools (i.e. an ice skating boot becomes an axe). He purposely leaves one package unopened. Chuck’s only companion is Wilson, a volleyball, and as time passes his loneliness leads to suicidal tendencies. Knowing he must get off the island, he builds a crude raft and heads out to sea (Donnel in
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0162222/plotsummary).
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Chuck feels clumsy with his new old life. From this reason, the writer is interested in analyzing Chuck’s ability to pass his crazy experience into an ordinary life.
The approach which is used to analyze the film is Adler’s theory individual psychological analysis. Individual Psychology is “a technique to investigate an individual’s unconscious thought and feelings.” (Hjelle and Ziegler, 1992: 86). Individual psychology is the approach which consists of six elements such as striving for superiority, inferiority feeling, fictional finalism, creative self, style of life and social interest. The elements mentioned above, the striving for superiority will be the one that used to analyze the Cast Away movie script.
The basic dynamic force between all human activities striving from a feeling of inferiority to one of superiority. Adler said that "To be a human being means to feel oneself inferior." He believed that inferiority felings are the source of all human striving. For him, we're all overcoming an inferiority, feeling unattractive, or do not belong somewhere. So everyone is trying to overcome something that is hampering them from becoming what they want to become. Organ inferiorities become psychologically effective through the intervention of feelings of inferiority. The meaning of superiority changed through the years. Later it came to mean perfection, completion, or overcoming.
In Cast Away film the striving of Chuck Noland is more than just the purposes but also the fictional finalism, because Chuck Noland has been experience a bad day on his life in a small island. There is conflict inside and outside, because of the incident which happened on him. Conflict between him and others, and conflict within. There will be dilemmas and the anxiety upon him.
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The conflict, dilemma and the anxiety are wakening the striving of Chuck Noland to survive. On the script reviews one by one of Chuck Noland dialogue and prologue that related tohe striving of him to survive. The script is the original text which is written by the author without adding the improvisation like on the film. So, from this reason, the writer is interested in analyzing the original script related to the striving of Chuck to pass his crazy experience into an ordinary life and the experience of him the way to make a decision to survive. The writer is interested in conducting in this research entitled “Striving for Superiority of Chuck Noland in “Cast Away” Film by William Broyles”
B. Problem Formulation
Having watched Cast Away movie, the main problems of this research will be,
1. How are the characteristics of Chuck Noland, characterized in the Cast Away
movie script?
2. How do Chuck’s inferiority feeling on facing his loneliness on the island reflected in William Broyles’ Cast Away movie script?
3. How does Chuck Noland’s struggle from the inferior into the superior in William Broyles’ Cast Away movie script?
C. Objectives of the Study
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inferiority appears in Chuck Noland on facing his loneliness on the island reflected in William Broyles’ Cast Away movie script, and to find out the struggle of Chuck from the inferior into superior reflected in William Broyles’ Cast Away
movie script.
D. Definition of Terms
To avoid the ambiguity and misunderstanding about the meaning of certain terms, the researcher gives the literary meaning to help the readers in understanding the meaning of some terms in the thesis and make the thesis clearer.
1. Striving for Superiority
Striving for superiority means the way or the struggle to achieve one’s own personal best (Cloninger, 2009: 102). The striving for superiority is the way to handle and control the situation of inferiority within human. This superiority usually appears on a side of creative effort that is become one unity.
2. Inferiority Feeling
Inferiority means feeling weak and unskilled in the face of tasks that need to be completed. It is a manifestation of individual consciousness due to a condition, which is resulted from inability as imperfection feeling. This inferiority feeling considered as a challenge to strive for the compensation of inferiority until psychological equilibrium is attained (Rollo, 1977: 155).
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3. Psychological
7 CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL REVIEW
A. Review of Related Studies
In order to make a good research the researcher never go further from the previous study which is related to the analysis which will be have done by the researcher. The researcher found two analyses as a guideline. The first analysis was done by Rendy Yoewono (2008) Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta thesis, his research entitled: The Message Revealed through the Main Character’s Way to Survive in Yan Martel’s Life of Pi. His research was Library research. The result of the research shows that the writer describes the ways through which managed to survive Pi. Pi characterics play an important role because its characteristic enabled him to carry out those ways successfully. Pi survived by recognizing and using his strengths. Naturally his strengths are his intelligence-from his wide knowledge about animals, his strong logic, his ability to apply and combine his vast knowledge, and his creativities. Pi also survived by being realistic about the situation. Pi’s open mindedness played an important role, as it enabled him to accept the bizarre and seemingly impossible circumstance and to use unusual ways to deal with his problems (Yoewono: 2008).
The second analysis was done by Bernadeta Wiwin Retnaningsih (2002) Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta thesis, her research entitled: An Analysis of the Inferiority-Superiority Complex as Seen in DH Lawrence’s The Raibow. Her research is qualitative analysis. The result of the research shows that theinfluence
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of superior and inferior complex in D.H Lawrence’s life to the main characters, specifically, Tom Brangwen, Anna Lensky and Ursula Brangwen is sharpening the characters. Lawrence inferiority and superiority complex influences the development of each main character. Nevertheless, Lawrence does not transfer his experience to the main characters directly. Lawrence prefers using his experience as a means for development of the characters in the novel. As an author, he, himself, feels free using his experience.
The difference between the both researches with this research did by the researcher is that; the researcher uses the inferior superior to defeat the defense of the major character. The researcher also uses the film script as the primary data. The approach used by the researcher is individual psychology of Alfred Adler. The researcher would like to show the inferior and the superior of Chuck Noland based on Adler’s theory Individual psychological approach.
B. Review of Related Theories 1. Character and Characterization
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The term character is used in two ways, namely individuals who appears in the whole story and the mixture of interests, desires, emotions and principle that makes up each of these individuals. The background in character’s temperament and moral nature for his or her speech and action constitute his or her motivation. In other words, it can be said that character in a story should have moral and natural qualities of the story mind and it can be found out in the dialogue and the action of the story, because “characters are persons, in a dramatic of narrative work, endowed with moral and dispositional qualities that are expressed in what they say the dialogue and what they do action (Abrahams, 1981: 21). Meanwhile, according to Gill (1995: 127), characters are some people in a literary work who posses some sort of identity, which is made up by their appearances, conversations, actions, names, and also thoughts.
Characterization is the description of the quality of character, which includes physical, mental, social, and moral elements of character. Murphy (1972: 161) defines characterization as the way how the author conveys to the reader the characters and the personalities of the people he writes about. Meanwhile, Kenney (1988): 34) defines characterization as “the method by which characters will be presented to the readers”. Beaty and Hunter (1989: 234) explains that an author can characterize people by using many ways and means. He or she counts on us and on our experience to “fill in some of the gaps, to bring to life in our minds as a simulacrum of the image of his or hers, not the same image but one with approximately the same values and significance”. Characterization is also able to called as “the presentation of person in narrative or dramatic works”
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According to Koesnosoebroto (1988: 67) there are two types of characters; they are main or major character and minor character. While Abrahams (1981: 56) proposes two kinds of character namely major ad minor characters. A major character is the center of the story. He or she is the most important character in the story. Usually, the acts of the story are focused on this character from beginning to the ending parts. On the other hand, a minor character appears in a certain setting, just necessarily to become the background for the major character. The minor character’s role is less important than those of the major character. Major character is the most important character in a story because the story is about the major character (Koesnosoebroto, 1988: 67).
Though the minor characters are less important than the main characters, the main character cannot stand on his own; they need other characters to make the story more convenient and life like (Koesnosoebroto, 1988: 67). So character and characterization can be concludes as a physic and psychology nature on human being as an actor of the film or drama. The characterization can be seen from the physic while character it can be felt.
2. Individual Psychology
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mirror the indivisible unity of the personality. Adler was also influenced by the philosophies of Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Nietzsche, Rudolf Virchow and the statesman Jan Smuts. Adler's School, known as "Individual Psychology"—an arcane reference to the Latin individuus which means indivisibility, a term which is intended to emphasize holism which is learned both of social and community psychology as well as a depth psychology. Adler was an early advocate in psychology for prevention and emphasized the training of parents, teachers, social workers and such in democratic approaches that allow a child to exercise their power through reasoned decision making whilst co-operating with others. He was a social idealist, and was known as a socialist in his early years of association with psychoanalysis (1902–1911) (Hjelle and Ziegler, 1992: 137). His theory on psychological such as: (1) inferiority feeling and compensation, (2) striving for superiority, (3) style of life, (4) social interest, (5) creative self, (6) fictional finalism.
a. Notion of Individual Psychology
Psychology is an abstract concept which integrates many aspects that characterize what the person is like. Such aspects include emotion, motivations, thoughts, experiences, perception and actions (Hjelle and Ziegler, 1992: 3). The term psychology itself has several meanings. While Gordon Alport in Hjelle and Ziegler (1992: 5) states that psychology almost the same as psychology personality which is really an individual, an internal “something” that determines the nature of person interaction with the world, while psychology, emphasizes the development of a stable sense of self through mutually empathic contacts with
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other humans. Smith, Sarason in Manuel and Pascual (1993: 5) defined psychology as the scientific study of behavior and its causes. So it can be concluded that psychology always related to human behavior which focuses on human mental and behavior.
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b. Basic Principle of Individual Psychology
Adler, with his basic assumption of individual psychology that can be presented under six general headings: (1) inferiority feeling, (2) striving for superiority, (3) style of life, (4) social interest, (5) creative self, (6) fictional finalism (Adler in Feist. 1985: 37).
1) Inferiority Feeling
Every human being, according to Adler, begins life in state of biological inferiority and insecurity; therefore inferiority can be constructively overcome only by affirming and increasing social bonds (Rollo, 1977: 155) Adler described the inferiority as the individual’s believe that “he is not strong enough to solve a given problem in a socially useful way”. Throughout life, feelings of inferiority arise constantly as we meet new and unfamiliar tasks that must be mastered. Each time we confront a new task of our inferiority initial awareness of inferiority is overcome as we achieve a higher level of functioning.
Inferiority means feeling weak and unskilled in the face of tasks that need be completed. It is a manifestation of individual consciousness due to a condition, which is resulted from inability as imperfection feeling. This inferiority feeling considered as a challenge to strive for the compensation of inferiority until psychological equilibrium is attained. If the attitude was one of helplessness, the inferiority might influence one’s entire attitude towards life leading to exaggerated feelings of inferiority or the inferiority complex. Organ inferiorities could have other harmful effects psychologically which could lead eventually to a variety of maladjustment and mental disorder, (Lundin, 1989: 13).
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a) The Causes of Inferiority
Feelings of inferiority can be largely constructive or largely destructive. Acknowledging that we all feel inferior at some point in our lives could serve as a basic for mutual help and cooperation to overcome problems in living. But if we dwell excessively on our inferiority, seal, or imagined, we are less likely to trust others or ourselves. As a consequence, we are act to operate on the useless side of life, we are more likely to overcompensate for our deficiencies and develop an exaggerated sense of superiority that other fined loathsome (Ryckman, Richard, 1985: 99).
According to Adler, the inferior will be happened when people feel weak and do not have social capability and child inferiority. It means that if people were controled by the inferiority feelings, they feel that other people under estimate them, part of their body is not perfect, they are different from others. In this situation the inferior will take the part of it, (Adler in Boeree, 2006: 160-161).
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of their limits, they often become a psychopath by making their own world (Adler in Boeree, 2006: 161).
Beside the causes that have been explained above, there are also many factors which cause inferiority feelings. Hurlock (1973: 325: 335) proposes thirteen factors causing inferiority feelings. First in physique, the adolescent know that their physical appearances will give certain attention toward other people and affect their reaction to him. This, in turn, affects his attitudes towards himself. Person who feel fatigue, hunger, or suffer a wasting illness can cause a feeling of inferiority, and this will make him difficult to adjust. The second is physical defects that often become the source of embarrassment and feelings of inferiority during adolescence, a facial scar or broken tooth. The third is physical condition where the adolescent who is suddenly unable to take part in the activities of the group and who has to establish new interests and become self-sufficient finds the adjustment very difficult. The fourth is chemique, where is produced by hormones from human body, has marked influence on a feeling of inferiority. A hyperthyroid, for example, leads the individual to be nervous, irritable and ready to do anything uncontrollable. The fifth deals with clothes. Clothes are a status symbol for the adolescent. It has effect on his feeling of inferiority. For the adolescent whose physique is a source of embarrassment, clothes are especially important which can be functioned as a camouflage.
b) The Inferiority against Striving for Superiority
The inferiority becomes the obstacle in life if people do not have many kinds of strive. To overcoming the inferiority people need to be more sensitive,
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while sensitive itself is the basic of literature. It can be said that there is a strong relationship between literature and psychology. The stronger philosophy will give a strong sensitivity on anything. So, in the theory, Adler emphasizes the ego psychology into life. The basic dynamic force between all human activities striving from a feeling of inferiority to one of superiority. Adler believed that inferiority feelings are the source of all human striving. All individual progress, growth and development resulted from the attempt to compensate for one's inferiorities, be they or real. For Adler, we're all overcoming inferiority.
Some people strive for superiority with little or no concern for others. Their goals are personal ones, and their striving are motivated largely by exaggerated feelings of personal inferiority, or the presence of an inferiority complex. For people who are not able to change and handle their inferiority usually create clever disguises for their personal striving and may consciously or unconsciously hide their self-centeredness behind the cloak of social concern, they do not care anymore for being a parasite on their life (Feist, 2009: 72).
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2) Striving for Superiority
Each individual is forced by the drives to be superior, powerful and regarded. This is a response to the feeling of inferiority. By inferiority feeling, person will make some efforts to cover it. Person will strive to cover his or her weakness to be perfect, superior and regarded. The dynamic force behind the person’s activity is the striving for success or superiority (Feist, 1985: 68)
Adler (in Freedenberg, 1971: 219), states as follows:
I should like to emphasize first of all that striving for perfection is innate. This is not meant in a concrete way, as if there were are driver which would later in life be capable of bringing everything to completion and which only needed to develop it. The striving for perfection is in neat in the sense that his a part of life as striving, an urge, a something which life would be unthinkable
It also can be found that the poor environment can produce serious maladjustment in a person. Such characteristics like poor home condition, fatherless families, bad mothers, and subjugation to cruel treatment. All of the explanation above is the major factor which a person will do their best striving for superiority, (Freedenburg in Kundu and Tuttoo, 1998: 61). Acknowledges that the striving for superiority may manifest itself in a thousand different ways, and that each person has his own concrete mode of achieving or trying to achieve perfection. Adler (Hjelle and Ziegler, 1992: 143) believes that the great dynamic force governing human behavior is a striving to be aggressive. There are three distinct stages in his theorizing on the ultimate goal of human life: to be aggressive, to be powerful, and to be superior.
When Adler speaks about superiority, he does not literally mean superiority but a more advantageous position. Although many people do strive for actually
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superiority Adler was really referring to the striving for competence, significance, and community feeling. There will be a schematic presented; the general developmental picture is this, (Harold and Maniacci, 1999: 32):
Feelings of inferiority are noticed, leading to Compensatory mechanism, which leads to Striving for superiority.
3) Style of Life
Style of life refers to the unique pattern of traits, behaviors, and habits, which show the particular ways that a person does to reach his goal of life (Hjelle and Ziegler, 1981: 81). The life style can be conceived as the “rule of rules”, because it is subjective, unarticulated set of guidelines individuals develop and use to move them through life and toward their goal. In essence, the life style is the set of convictions, the attitudinal set, according to Mosak (1999: 47), he create the style in order to help people finding the place in the world. The life style operates, in effect, upon the economy principle: it allows people to converse energy and focuses their attention to others such as various skills, attitudes, convictions, etc.
Furthermore, Hjelle and Ziegler (1992: 145) confirmed that the person’s life style acts as the guidance for later behavior. In other words, everything he does is shaped by his unique life style; it determines which aspects of his environments he will deal with and which aspects of environment he will ignore. For example, an intellect makes use of his brain competence to strive for superiority, while an athlete relies on his physical potential to strive for superiority.
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these unique styles of life into four types: ruling, getting, avoiding, socially useful. The characteristics of these types are summarized as (Hjelle and Ziegler, 1992: 146):
a) Ruling type
Individuals with this life-style are “individuals who are assertive, aggressive, and active with little, if any, social awareness or interest” (1981: 83). They possess “a dominating attitude toward the outside world and confront the major life tasks in an aggressive, anti social manner” (1981: 83).
People of this type have little social interest, but a high degree of activity. They propose a dominating attitude toward the outside world and approaching three major problems of life (friendship, sex, and occupation). They are individually aggressive, but socially stagnant. “People of the ruling type with an extremely high degree of activity or potentially dangerous; they are the murderer, rapists, tyrants, and suicides” (Adler in Feist, 1985: 75)
b) The getting type
These individuals relate to the outside world in “a parasitic manner, ‘learning’ on others to satisfy most of their needs” (1981: 83). Their main concern in life is “getting much as possible from others” (1981: 83).
Individuals with this attitude relate to the out side world in a parasitic manner, depending on the other to satisfy most of their needs. Their mind concern is getting as much as possible from others. “They posses a low degree of activity and little social interest; however they do not like to hurt others” (Adler in Feist, 1985: 75).
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c) The avoiding type
People in this type “have neither sufficient social interest nor activity to participate in any way in life” They prefer to run away from their tasks of life. Moreover, they are afraid of failing. In other words, their goal is “to sidestep all problems in life, thereby avoiding any possibilities of failure” (1981: 83).
The avoiding type person is likely to become neurotic of psychotic. They are characterized by an attitude of avoidance. Fearing failure more than desiring success, their life are market by the socially useless behavior of running away from the task of life. They lack of the courage in struggling with their problem, instead of ignoring them or pushing them aside. In other words, their goal is to avoid, all problem in life because avoiding any possibility of failure (Feist, 1985: 76).
d) The social useful type
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Basically, man is a social creative by nature and not by habit. He fully realizes his position as a free individual and his bound concerns the society. Therefore, in his efforts to develop himself, he must also consider the existence and the importance of his society. Thus a man should live among others, and this means that he must interact with others in his society so that his behavior is always influenced by his society because social interest is contained in cooperation, interpersonal and social relations, identification with one’s group, and empathy (Hall and Lindzey in Watts 2003: 77).
According to Adler as quoted by Feist (1985: 71) society interest can be defined as attitudes of relatedness with humanity in general as well as empathy for each member of human race. It manifests itself as cooperation with others for social advancement rather than for personal gain. It is part of human nature and some amount of it’s existing in everyone.
Since man was born, he has automatically become a member of society. If his social feeling can develop naturally, he will be able to make an adaptation with his living environment appropriately. Adler states that social interest takes in such matter as co-operation, interpersonal and social relation and identification with the group, empathy, and so forth (Hall and Lindzey, 1970: 125).
According Hall and Lindzey in Watts (2003: 147), Adler’s concept of social interest is not to define. It can transit in many different ways and the broader meaning of the concept is still debated. For present purposes, we will define social interest as a caring and concern for the welfare or others that continues, throughout life, to guide a person’s behavior. Although the capacity for social
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interest is in burn, Adler (in Hall and Lindzey, 1985: 148) says it is so small or weak.
4) Creative Self
The creative self is the essential principle of human life. Alwisol (2004: 96) argues that creative self is a medium used to adapt the world facts and makes those facts become the subjective, dynamic, united, personal, and unique personality. The creative self gives the meaning of life, determines the goal and medium to reach the goal of life.
Adler (in Alwisol, 2004: 96) states that every person has a power to create his own life style. An individual has to be responsible for himself and his attitude. Besides, he also has a creative power to control his own life, be responsible for his final goal, determines a way to reach his goal and contributes the development of social interest. The creative self makes a human become free to do everything toward the directive purpose.
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5) Fictional Finalism
Adler’s concept of fictional finalism is derived from Vaihinger’s philosophy of “as if” (1911) (Ansbacher and Ansbacher, 1956: 76). According to Vaihinger, fictions are thoughts, which do not match with the reality, while finalism is a goal that a person wants to reach or human’s expectation toward his future life. From these statements, it can be concluded that fictional finalism is a human’s expectation or idea, which does not coincide with reality. It is also called as a human’s dream.
Adler (in Feist, 1985: 66) explains that each individual has the power to create his or her non-fictional goal. Although constructed by heredity and environment, fictional goal is not determined by them. Fictional finalism is the product of a free creative power. He also adds that as a subjective ideal, however, the fictional final goal has great meanings because it unifies personality and makes all behavior more comprehensible.
3. Theoretical Framework
The analysis takes some theories to the problems which are mentioned in the previous chapter. There are theory of characterization and individual psychological. The characterization is used to analyze the character of Chuck Noland.
The individual psychological is used to analyze the elements of Adler which consists of inferiority feeling and the striving for superiority. Individual psychological is the theory of human psychology where it was numeric arranged to get the factionalism from the handling of inferiority by using striving for
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25 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The object of the study of this research is the movie script entitled Cast Away
written by William Boyles. The script based on the story described by Robert Zemeckis. Robert Lee "Bob" Zemeckis was born May 14, 1952 in Chicago, Illinois to a Lithuanian father and Italian-Americanmother and was raised in a working-class Catholic family. Zemeckis applied only to University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts. Robert Zemeckis is a futuristic film maker; it can be seen from kinds of his works. There are several kinds of Zemeckis works on film. From the year 1978 until now 2009 even there isn’t new film of his. His films such as: I Wanna Hold Your Hand (1978), Used Cars, Columbia, (1980),
Romancing the Stone (1984), Back to the Future(1985), Who Framed Roger Rabbit?
(live-action and animated), Buena Vista,(1988), Back to the Future Part II (1989),
Back to the Future Part III (1990), Death Becomes Her (1992), Forrest Gump (1994),
Cast Away (1996), Beowulf (2007), A Christmas Carol (2009). The films mentioned above are the famous film by Robert Zemeckis, while the other film produced by Robert Zemeckis such as: 1941 (1979) (co-writer), HBO's Tales From The Crypt
(1989-1996) (executive producer), The Frighteners (1996) (executive producer),
Matchstick Men (2003) (executive producer), and Monster House (2006) (executive producer).
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Special in Cast Away, he works with William Broyles Jr. In 1996, Zemeckis had begun developing a project titled The Cast Away with Tom Hanks and William Broyles Jr. as the writer. The story, which was inspired by Robinson Crusoe, is about a man (Hanks) who is stranded on a deserted island and undergoes a profound physical and spiritual change.
Robert Zemeckis is an expressionism, all of his movie created full of expression especially Cast away which expresses the changes of humans social live. From all his film there are several films of him which get award nominations, and the awards raise him up into the movie world in 1994 until 2009, they are: 1. In 1985 he gets the Academy Award for Writing Original Screenplay and
person nominee (Bob Gale) for his film Back to the Future.
2. In 1994 he gets the Academy Award for Best Director for his film Forrest Gump.
3. In 1994 he gets the Academy Award for Best Director for his film Forrest Gump.
In 1994 he gets the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Drama for his film Forrest Gump. (http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000709/).
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B. Approach of the Study
There are several kinds of method that can be used in a research and what method should be used depends on the purposes of the research. The descriptive research focuses on the basic data transformation into a form which makes it to be able for the reader to read and understand about the point and the data. The use of this descriptive is to express and picture the answers from the observation, (Sarwono, 2006: 138).
The approach is psychological analysis. Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes. Its immediate goal is to understand individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases. For many, the ultimate goal of psychology is to benefit society. In this field, a professional practitioner or researcher is called a psychologist, and can be classified as a social scientist, behavioral scientist, or cognitive scientist.
Psychological analysis of literary works evolved as modern psychology itself began to take form during the early twentieth century. Although this type of critique employs the concepts expressed by many noted sociologists, including Carl Jung, Alfred Adler and Otto Rank, none have contributed as heavily to this field of study as Sigmund Freud has. While many aspects of his theories have been discounted by contemporary psychologists, the fundamental ideas he expressed have withstood the test of time. Five of these, in particular, form the basis of the psychological analysis of authors and the books they write, http://www.essortment.com/critical-psychological-analysis-literature-61188.html.
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Psychology as a theory that learns about humans’ personality has a unique manner of looking at the world. This is the theory that is reflecting the personal backgrounds, childhood experiences, philosophy of life, and personal relationship. Personality theories grow from theorist’ own personalities, a study of those personality is appropriate. In recent years a subsdicipline pf psychology called psychology of science has begun to look at personal traits of scientist. The psychology of science studies both science and the behavior of scientists; that is, it investigates the impact of an individual scientist’s psychological processes and personal characteristic on the development of her or his scientific theories and research (Feist, 2009: 7).
In psychology itself, having its own psychology qualitative side such as psychoanalyst, humanist, and existentialist. Personality as a part of psychology learns a lot about many kinds of personality theory which coming from different author. Freud as a father of psychology developed psychoanalysis, a method of investigation of the mind and the way one thinks; a systematized set of theories about human behavior; and a form of psychotherapy to treat psychological or emotional distress, especially unconscious conflict. Freud's psychoanalytic theory was largely based on interpretive methods, introspection and clinical observations. It became very well known, largely because it tackled subjects such as sexuality, repression, and the unconscious mind as general aspects of psychological development (Feist, 2009: 65).
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their striving for superiority of success. Freud assumed that people have little or no choice in shaping their personality, whereas Adler believed that people are largely responsible for who they are. This is the proof that psychology literary always developed every time and it was responded by all of the scientists all over the world. One of the scientists that were involved within the psychology is Alfred Adler. Adler, with his basic assumption of individual psychology that can be presented under six general headings: (1) inferiority feeling and compensation, (2) striving for superiority, (3) style of life, (4) social interest, (5) creative self, (6) fictional finalism (Adler in Feist. 1985: 37).
C. Method of the Studies
Methodology includes a collection of theories, concepts or ideas as they relate to a particular discipline or field of inquiry. Research is one of scientific activity which is related with the construction and analysis in methodology. So methodology related to such kind of methods and consistent means that there is no cross line between each frame. Methodology will guide the researcher about the formulation on how they must create the research, what kind of equipment that the researcher must be used, (Nazir, 1983: 51). So before the researcher does the analysis, they must answer those two questions above”.
The method applied in this study is library research because the entire data for this study is collected from books and other writings, such as undergraduate theses and reference from the internet. The source consists of two; primary data and secondary data source.
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1. The Primary Data Source
Primary data source is the Cast Away Script. The data were taken from the dialogues, character’s description, plot and all statement related to the problems. 2. The Secondary Data Source
Secondary data sorce were collected from other sources related to the research like, the dictionary, website and also the book related to the research individual psychology approach.
The study uses the theory of character and characterization. The theories of character and characterization were taken from the book of Kennedy (1983) entitled Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama, Murphy, M.J (1972) entitled Understanding Unseen, Stanton, Robert, (1965) entitled An Introduction to Fiction and Koesnosoebroto, (1988) entitled The Anatomy of Prose and Fiction.
As the related studies the writer reviews the Cast Away script taken from
http://www.ruinedendings.com/film246plot, the journal taken from
http://www.dailyscript.com/scripts/castaway.html. and the theory personality article taken from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/persintro.html.
In this analysis the researcher arranged the steps of analyzing the data where the data collecting technique in this study was library research. The necessary steps were as follows:
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3. Browseed the internet to get some of information article that related to the topic (the director, producer, actors, script, scenario, etc),
4. Classified and verified the data. It means that collected and chosen data from the Cast Away movie script based on the individual psychological theory, and 5. Interpreted the data based on psychoanalysis theory conducted by Adler.
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32 CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS
This chapter presents an individual psychological analysis of Cast Away
movie. The writer analyzes the individual psychological condition in this dramatic tragic movie reflected by the main character. This chapter analyzes two aspects, namely, inferiority feeling and striving for superiority. Those aspects are discussed separately.
A. The Characteristics of Chuck Noland, characterized in the movie 1. Patient and rational
On his first Noland’s Character he tries to adjust with the condition of the island, he uses his rational mind. He tries to keep patience even the crash makes him lose everything. He tries to survive by using any kind wild stuffs prepared by the nature. The example is, when he gets thirsty he gets the water from the essence of coconut. But that is not easy; he must climb the coconut tree and broke the coconut first. Then Chuck makes the other way to get the fresh water, by intercept the rain water with width leaf. Chuck uses leaf to intercept the rain water, because he knows that the tools as a water colander are leaves. For the people who love adventure, they usually prepare everything by employing the nature and it happens on Chuck. Below is the defense on Chuck when he gets thirst.
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then throws a rock down on it. It bounces off. He throws down a bigger rock. It smashes on the rocks and chips. Chuck picks up the rock. OW! Where the rock had chipped the edge is sharp. It cuts him. (CA script, P: 30).
He picks up the rock, test the edge. Sharp -- really sharp. He throws another rock down, but it doesn't break. He picks up another rock and strikes the first one. Then again, harder. And again. A large flake shoots off. This edge is even sharper. He has a knife. (CA script, P: 37).
People who get lost especially in the jungle, will use the tools from nature. They learn such kind of that experience from the primitive people experience, where they create many kinds of equipment from nature. It happens on Chuck, he becomes a person who learns the primitive way, and found the coconut and finally he has a knife to cut and slice is. This is the primitive way, create a knife or axe from the sharp rock or stone. He tries to scoop up some water in his hands, but he just splashes it around. He licks his fingers. Then he gets down on his knees and laps up the water with his tongue, like an animal. In the bottom of the small depression is some fine mud. He rubs it on his reddened face and across his burned lips.
Another Chuck’s forbearance, where he always has an extra power, after he could finish one obstacle; he always laughs and thinks positively in a certain condition. It becomes his identity in a form of desire (patient, self confidence) coming from inside to make himself comfortable. Chuck sits on the beach waiting and thinking what will happen next, he sings quietly and half talks “Yellow submarine” very quietly to himself an it is so unconscious.
Chuck : We all live in a yellow submarine, yellow submarine….. (CA script, P: 56)
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On the beach day a moment later Chuck climbs over the rocks and disappears out of sight and he is still half-singing to himself. This is the unconscious feelings to comfort himself.
Chuck : Yellow submarine. We all live in a yellow submarine... (CA script, P: 39) The next rationality showed on beach in the middle of hunger and no food around, Chuck pushing himself to eat something mucous like a fresh fish and fresh crab, he must satisfy his stomach if he wants to live. He prods around in the mucous-like meat with his fingers, then tilts up the shell and we see the gooey gray stuff slide off the shell into his mouth.
Chuck : Yuck.
He starts to spit it out. Tries to make him self like it. Chuck : Yumm.
2. Lovely and Affectionate
Chuck is a loyal person especially for his family and his girlfriend so the loving and Affectionate become Chuck’s character. The first love and care of Chuck is when he still in his busy day in Russia, he still had a chance to call his girlfriend Kelly and his inner desire on love to be connected between him and Kelly. The conversation happened on the phone.
Chuck : I miss you and I wanna kiss you I’m out of here about 2 minutes ….
I love and I’m gonna see you soon. And you know what that’s mean
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in it and the picture is the best picture and the most Chuck’s favorite of Kelly’s picture. His desire on love makes him so happy and he utter it to his lovely girl friend Kelly
Chuck : oh that is terrific
Kelly : my grand daddy use it on the southern pacific
(Then Chuck opens the watch, and he see Kelly’s picture) Chuck : I took this, this is my favorite picture of you…
You know what I’m gonna do?
I’m always gonna keep this on Memphis time.. Kelly time..!!
(CA script, P: 27)
3. Arroganity
The first selfish dominated by his positive feeling. Chuck is a perfect time person and he applied his time into his employee in Russia, he shows that the time is part our life in every minutes and every second.
Chuck : There's only one way. We have to work together. Every one of us depends on everyone else. If one package is late, we are all late. If one truck misses the deadline, we all miss the deadline. Let's start by taking a look around. time rules over us without mercy. Not caring it when healthy or ill, hungry or drunk, Russian- American, being or mars. Like a fire it can destroy us or keep us warm. That’s why every FedEx office has a clock, because we live or we die by the clock. We never turn back on it
(CA script, P: 5) When Chuck missing with motto, time is a good friend, in Russian FedEx office, Chuck applied about the perfect time on delivery. Chuck regards that loosing time is a sin, and he doesn’t want to allow the sin controls all people in FedEx office.
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Chuck : we never ever allow our selves to sin of loosing of time Chuck : time rules over us without mercy. Not caring it when
healthy or ill, hungry or drunk, Russian- American, being or mars. Like a fire it can destroy us or keep us warm. That’s why every FedEx office has a clock, because we live or we die by the clock. We never turn back on it
(CA script, P: 5) The dialogue above tells about the ego of Chuck related to the time. As a FedEx delivery man, Chuck tries to focus directly in the perfect timing delivery. So, he tries to plant it in all of his employer.
Chuck is afraid with dentist, so everybody cannot force him to come and visit the dentist. This is also his bigger ego, where and when he made one decision, everybody has to say yes. This becomes Chuck neurotic anxiety, where Chuck is afraid of dentist and tries to ask her friend to get his number. With a stammer voices Chuck talks to his friend, to show that he is not afraid of dentist.
Chuck : Listen I heard about this doctor dawn in Armory Atlanta. He supposed to be the best. Who work on Frank Turreto’s wife. Beside the point, what I was thinking is…is that I can get his number.. you know the doctor. You know put you all together and to get this things fixed
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concern is so deep until he cannot leave his primitive behavior. He becomes a person who appreciates life.
The second arrogance happens when Chuck wants to make a raft accompanied by his ball friend Wilson. That is not enough rope to make a raft and the argumentation and debate happens when Wilson ask him to climb to the hill to get some extra rope. But Chuck tries refusing it, his ego dominated by his id which is trusting to his own opinion that he will succeed without climbing the hill for an extra rope.
Chuck : we try to make a little bit more from video tape Yes,… no…. we have time. We do… we have time Look the wind still blowing from the west
(While Chuck looks into his quiet ball friend Wilson)
Chuck : I know, yes I know its 30 feet an extra rope. But I’m not going back up there.
(CA script, P: 69) The third arrogance dominated by the identity which he wants to keep survive and wants to live across the ocean with the small raft. In Chuck’s imagination, he thinks that Wilson does not agree with his plan to cross the ocean, it is better for Chuck to stay and wait in the Island.
Chuck : for regardless. I would rather take my chance out there on the ocean than to stay here and die on the shit Island spending the rest of my live talking to a goddamn volley ball…!! Shit
(Chuck is angry and then grabs the ball and then throws it into the outside of the cave)
Chuck : Wilson….Wilson
(CA script, P: 68)
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But Chuck is realizing that he has thrown his friend. He knows that he needs friend, he needs Wilson. He came out from the cave and tries to find Wilson while he is crying and saying sorry.
B. Chuck Noland’s Inferiority
Inferiority is the minor feeling that holds the human superior and fictional finalism. Inferiority feeling often appears in human being life. This feeling can be largely constructive. Human being has an inferior feeling at some point of their life, and they attempts to compensate for their presence of this feeling.
In Cast Away movie Chuck Noland is a perfect time person where in every activity, he always rely on time so he never miss the time. He has a large inferiority such as losing his time, anxiety, anxious, and also fear. Related with his work, Chuck is afraid if he loosing his time, especially on delivering the fedex packages. His inferiority can be seen on the dialogue below, between Chuck and Gwen in the cockpit, Chuck talks to the stewardess about the late flight.
Chuck : Gwen is this something wrong with our doctors and the jet team to getting slow by the flight? Are you concern?
Gwen : I’m terrified but the girls got to do what the girl got to do. Chuck : wao.. That the spirit
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little sense of humor by blaming the doctors and the team for the flight, not the pilot.
Beside Chuck is afraid of loosing his time, he is also afraid with the dentist, this is the second Chuck’s inferiority feeling. Dentist is one of his weaknesses. It can be seen on the next dialogue.
Chuck : Hallo, Kelly are you there…!! Pick up.. pick up.. you are not there. You don’t believe this, we are gonna sort in the middle of red square in the shadow of Lenin funeral. I miss you, I miss you I really wanna kiss you, I’m out of here about 2 minutes and I’m pick it up soon on Parris and should be back in Memphis about 18 hours, that the good news. The bad news is I got to go to dentist this week; I got something that is hurting. I love you and I’m gonna see you soon, and you know what that means. Bye… bye.. Nicholai tick tock tick tock.. (Ticking the time).
(CA script, P: 8) Before Chuck leaves Russia goes to Paris, he calls his girlfriend. He wants to give the news, the bad news and the good news. He calls Kelly but she does not answer the phone, because she does not there. On the part of the dialogue above Chuck explain two kinds of news, the bad news and the good news. The good news is that he will come to Memphis to meet Kelly, and the bad news is he got to go to dentist. The bad news here is what he is afraid of, his inferiority, trauma with the dentist. But he knows that he must go. The kind of inferiority explained above related to the fears or scares where he scares with dentist and he scares if he loses with his girl friends.
The next dialogue also shows about the fear of Chuck with the dentist. His fears on dentist always make him asks a lot of question about dentist. On
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the next dialogue Chuck asks his friend Dan about the famous dentist Frank Turreto. Chuck does not want to fail with his tooth diseases.
Chuck : Dan, listen I heard about this doctor down in Armory Atlanta, this suppose the best, he work on Frank Torreto’s wife, frank Toreto is a system analyst who plays in center field, d’you know him. D’you saw him on softball tournament on the last laborer day? Anyway.. Beside the point is, a what I was thinking is, that I can get his number, the doctor,, and put you all together and to get this thing fix.
Dan : Thanks Chuck
Chuck : So I will get his number
(CA script, P: 8) Chuck asks something that makes his friend bored. On the plane he talks about dentist and neither on the outside. So, Dan only answer Chuck question with “thanks”. That is the word to show that Dan is bored with Chuck’s question about the dentist. The above dialogue shows the fears of Chuck with dentist where he is the perfect time person can be defeated with his fears with dentist.
The next inferiority of Chuck appears on the island. Chuck lives alone on the small island where there are no others arround. He feels alone and need friends. He got a friend but not human, his name is Wilson, a white volley ball. He always talks and shares with Wilson, until a couple of years he talks and sleeps with Wilson.
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A couple of minutes he realizes that he cannot live alone without friends, he cannot trough his life on the island alone, he needs a friend. Then he comes out from the cave and tries to find his friend Wilson. He run through the water and cries, he calls his friend’s name. Chuck’s inferiority here is that he cannot live alone without friends. He needs his friend Wilson even if Wilson is only a white volley ball. The dialogue of the debate between Wilson and Chuck can be seen below.
Chuck : for regardless. I would rather take my chance out there on the ocean than to stay here and die on the shit Island spending the rest of my live talking to a goddamn volley ball…!! Shit
(Chuck feels angry and then grab the ball throw it into the outside of the cave)
Chuck : Wilson….Wilson
(CA script, P: 68) But Chuck realizes that he has thrown his friend. He knows that he needs friend he was needs Wilson. He comes out from the cave and tries to find Wilson while he is crying and saying sorry.
The above, is the expression of Chuck inferiority feeling that exists in
Cast Away movie. His inferiority is his weaknesses such as afraid of dentist, doesn’t want to lose his girlfriend, he is afraid of being alone on the island. The above inferior will be passed by his struggle and strive.
C. The struggle of Chuck from the Inferior into Superior
Striving is a feeling of inferiority becomes superiority. Adler believes that inferiority feeling is the source of human striving. All individual progress, growth,
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and development result from attempt to compensate for one’s inferiorities. Superiority is the fundamental driving force in life, means that striving becomes superior, to be better than before.
Striving for superiorityis one of fundamental motive toward normal or abnormal people who will manifest it in different ways. So, the goal of superiority will be negative (destructive) and positive (constructive) directions. Negative directions are a case of poorly adjusted people who strive for superior through selfishness and concern for personal glory at the expense of others while positive direction adjusted people who strive for self and all people’s advantage and glory, even sometimes it must sacrifice own self need. In the Cast Away film, there are a lot of monologue actions, so there will be a lot of positive direction, it can be seen on below prologue and dialogue. The first striving appears at the Christmas day in Russia, in Fed Ex office. Chuck is a perfect time person and he applied his time into his employee in Russia, he shows that the time is part our life in every minutes and every second. Here Chuck wants to show that time is important for FedEx agents.
The first struggle from inferior to superior appears when he wants to defeat his inferiority on the late flight. Chuck is afraid if his delivery will be late, so he tries to make it perfect in time by following the flight. The conversation between Chuck and Gwen happened on the cockpit, Chuck talks to the stewardess about the late flight. The dialogue below shows Chuck has a good purpose that is sending the package right on time.
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Gwen : I’m terrified but the girls got to do what the girl got to do. Chuck : wao.. That the spirit
(CA script, P: 11) The next striving of Chuck to defeats his superiority also happen when he knows that he cannot lose his girlfriend Kelly. Chuck makes an appointment with Kelly that he will always call her everyday. But one day, he calls Kelly and Kelly is not there. To avoid Kelly’s misunderstanding, Chuck tries to make new promise for her. Chuck also has his fictional finalism, he wants to make his girlfriend happy, and so it is clear that this is a positive direction also. He does not want his girlfriend disappointed. On the next dialogue is his strives to not make his girlfriend disappointed.
Kelly : Ok I’ll cancel Saturday…. (Little bit disappointed) Chuck : No.. don’t. If I’m not here I’m not. Bui if I am, …well..
Kelly : Chuck it canceled.But you’ll got to be here in new year eve.
Chuck : well it couldn’t be that bad; I’ll be here in New Year eve
Chuck : Well I got to switch over the South America thing, if I don’t do that, Ill be turn back again on 13
Kelly : So long you’re here in New Year eve
(CA script, P: 18) Chuck has a call from his agent on the day he makes an appointment with Kelly. For Chuck, his work is worthy, so he cannot avoid it, but he does not want to cancel his appointment either, so he tries to make another schedule to change his appointment with Kelly. This is his strives to make her still happy with his decision and avoid her disappointment. His love makes him do anything so that Kelly will not leave him.
After Chuck accepted the Christmas present from Kelly, he wants to show that he love with the present. He shows in order to make Kelly fells happy; he does not want to feel guilty for giving her a simple present and also
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he leaves her for duty on the Christmas night. Chuck loves his girlfriend but he also loves his work, and he chooses his work on the Christmas night.
Chuck accepts the Christmas present from Kelly. A watch with Kelly’s picture in it and the picture is the best picture and the most Chuck favorite Kelly’s picture. His desire on love and affection makes him so happy and he utters it to his lovely girlfriend Kelly. It can be seen that his desire directs him into a positive direction of striving, because he wants to make the other people happy.
Chuck : oh that is terrific
Kelly : my grand daddy use it on the southern pacific
Then Chuck opens the watch, and he see Kelly’s picture Chuck : I took this, this is my favorite picture of you…
You know what I’m gonna do?
I’m always gonna keep this on Memphis time.. Kelly time..!!
(CA script, P: 33)
The above dialogues shows that Chuck is afraid if he is late in delivering the package right on time so he strives to ask to Gwen about the flight’s condition and he blames the doctor who always check the pilot’s heath. Chuck makes his own practical joke by telling that the doctor just have checked the pilot health too long so that its condition makes the flight late and disturbs him.
Below is the dialogue that shows about the fears of Chuck on dentist: Chuck : Dan, listen I heard about this doctor down in Armory Atlanta,
