Željko Kaluđerović - Tales - radonačelnik filozofije

Mp

JKeJbKO

Kanyheponah

<PIIJI030epCKI1 rpaxyrrrer HOBII

Can

UDK: 1 Tales

ITperJIelJ,HII

xnanax

ITpIlMJbeH:

13. III 2006.

BIBLID:

0553-4569, 52 (2006), 3-4, P 202-217

TAJIEC - PO):(OHAqEJIHIIK wlIJI030wlIJE

Pesuue

Ayiuop

y

iiiexciiiy peadiupsuuue aotipo iioenaiiiy Apuciiioiiienoey

KOHciUa-iiiauujy

0

Tanecy «ao

tipeou

dnuioeotpy.

Ilascmueou ananusou

K1bUZa

MeTaepIl3I1-xe,

0

He6y II

0

nynra,

iiponanase ce peneeaniiiuu iiacycu KOjUiI;W ce uoiUKpeulbyjy

Ciiiaiupanunoee oiiactce

0 Mygpau.y

us Muneuta «ao eaueuiuutcy ueueia uuiio

je UOiUOM UMeHoeaHO

«ao

"ZpLlKO LlygO ", IIpu

iiiyuauen.y,

y pagy

uuiiiupanux

Apu-ciiioiuenoeux uctcasa, tiipu iuese

ua6ujajy y

iipeu iinan:

1.)

3eMiba

iinuea na eoou

(Met.98362

1-22;

Cae1.294a28),

2.)

Boga je

uaiuepujannu yepo« ceux ciiieapu

(y

Met.983619-21

zoeopu ce0

eoau. «ao apuxey,

a HeUlUlO

pauuje

y

Met.98367

KaJICe ce ga je

eehuna

og

iipeux ipunosoipa cauo ona iiieapnoi otinutca cuaiiipana

uaue-nuua ceux

ciiieapu],

u

3.)

Cee ciiieapu

cy

iiyne tioioea

(De

an.4JJa7-8; gogaje ce u ga je MaZHeiU

»cue

jep UMauot:ga

iiotcpehe

zeoJICbe,

De

an.405a19-2I). HaKoH

pe-«onciupytcuuje cauyeanux Apuciiioiiienoeux tienescatca

0

Tanecy, yiiiepheuo

je ga je teeioea eascuociii sa

tpunosodiuiy

y iUOMe tuiiio je OH

pasuoiupuetuu

cey pasuo-epcuociiitiojaenozceeuia gemeKmoeao jeaunciiieenu UpUHU.UU KOjU .neJICU, unu JOUl

tion.e iioanescu, uciioa

cauopaeysouuee

u

oueeuone

scnotuiiieenociiiu.

Y

ciiieapu,

uueuyjyhu

iipeo

«asteno

ceeia

tcao eogy,

Tanec

je iiotcytuao ga ua jecau "ilpupog-HU" U snauciileenu nauun; 6ea

iiouohu uuiiioea

u uaidiipupoauux cuna, otijacuu

uenuny ynueepsyua, u iiiuue eacnysceno ciiietcao peiiyiiiauujy .ipoaonauennutca ...

tpunosotpuje'' (a(j%'YJ'Yo~ !p1)"o(J"o!pfa~,Met.983620-2l).

KIbYLlHe peuu:

Apuciiioiiien, Tanec,

eoaa, uaueno,

uaiaepujannu

yspo«,

po-aonauennux ipunosoipuje

AKO CaqYBaHII epparMeHTII npeCOKpaTOBaIW penpesenryjy CBeTJIe 'raxxe apxnrrenara KOjIl ce HaJIa3I1 ycpen 'raxrnor II npocrpanor oxeana aaurer aesnaa,a 0 lbIlMa, OHlJ,a je OCTpBO xoje npencranrsa

Taneca,

360r HelJ,OCTaTKa opIlrIlHaJIHIIX

rpparueaara,

CBaKaKO aajvatse. ApIlCTOTeJI je HaIIl rJIaBHII II najnparouenaja U3-BOp I1HepopMau,I1ja 0

Tanecy.' C

063I1pOM na cy u ApIlCTOTeJIOBe I1HepopMau,uje 113

1HapaBHO HeIfjcnmm.Hajpaaajn ca-rynaauH3BOp 0TanecyjcXcponorona6eJlClIIKa H3Hcuiopuje (1,74) ()l.KIlA5). Oaa ronopa0 'IyBeHoM nper\lml)alhYnoxpa-reu,aCYHl~ay pary 113Mel)y JIIII)aHa II

Mp )KeJbKOKanyhcpoanh: TAJIEC - POAOHAl.J:EJIHI1K <I>I1JI030<I> I1JE

,,~pyrepyxe", UITO OH He nporryurra na HarJIaCI1, qeCTOKO~Ihera HaJIa311MO 113pa3e

rnna

"Ka)Ke

ce''

I1JII1 ,,'II1HI1 ce

na

je 11

Tanec,

no OHOMe lIlTO CnOMI1IhY",

na

611

xana

113JIa)Ke

concrseae

3aMI1CJII1

nonasao jour

11

jenno

06aBe3Ho"MO)K~a".2JJ:aBI1~I1MO KaKO Hac y Hape~HOM

nacazcy

Apl1CTOTeJI YBO~11 y

npaxy

0 TaJIeCOBOM npBOM

na-'IeJIy

(Met.98366-11):

O~ npBI1X MI1CJII1JIau;a

sehaaa

je

cauo

OHa'rsapae BpCTe CMaTpaJIa nOqeJII1Ma CBI1X CTBapl1. Jep OHO O~

srera

cy CBa 611ft.a,

re

O~

-rera npno nacrajy

11 y lIlTO ce

na xpajy pacnanajy,

'IeMy 611BCTBO

npeocraje

~OK ce Ml1jeIha y TpnHOCTI1-Ma - TO

xaxcy na

je

nparaap

11 no-reno 611ft.a;3

TliJll

Ji;

1TeWTWV rpIAorroq)'Y!IT(},VTWV of 1TAelrTTOI Tel,S- ev [JAr;s- ei'Jel p,ovas- t/Jf;!}r;rrav aexas-elval ttavtiov:

ef

06 '{'ae erTTlv a1TaVTa To' OVTa, xai

ef

06 '{'f'YlJeTaI 1TeWTOU xai

el; 0'

rp!}efeeTaI TeAWTaIOV, Tns- p,ev

ovrrfas-u1Top,evourrr;s-, TOIS- Je 1TMetn

p,eTaj3aMourrr;s-, roirro rTTOIxelOV xai TaUTr;V aexf;v tpaatu elval TliJll OVT(f)V,

Iloxyurajjro

najrrpeo~rOBOpI1TI1na mrran.e ira xora je Apl1CTOTeJI MI1CJII10 y

Met.98366-7 xana je rOBOpl10 0 "npBI1M ¢I1JI030¢I1Ma"

(1TeWTWV rpIAorrorpr;rravTwv).

Iberos

npernen MI11I1JheIha 11 CTaBOBa npeTXO~HI1Ka nonexan je TelIlKO npaTI1TI1 360r 'II1IheHI1u;e na OH TO~eJII1Ml1qHO ql1HI1

ycaajajyhn

XPOHOJIOlIIKI1pe~OCJIe~ MI1-CJII1JIau;a 0 Kojl1Ma nl11I1e, a~eJII1Ml1qHOIhI1XOB MeTa¢113I1qKI1CJIe~,npn qeMy

notre-Ka~KOPI1CTI1 CBa xe'rnpn y3poKa, a xarxana nexeO~IhI1X 11 TO jenaa aa~pyrI1M,TO jeer CYKu;eCI1BHO. nOlIlTO ce aa nOqeTKY nacyca rOBOpl1 0 "npBI1M ¢I1JI030¢I1Ma" KOjl1 cy CMaTpaJII1 na nocrojn caxro jenno HaqeJIO caera 11 na je TO jenno HaqeJIO "TBapHor 06JII1Ka", onna HeMa~I1JIeMena ce OBaKBa KOHCTaTaU;l1ja MO)KeO~HOCI1TI1 cauo na npBe joncxe ¢I1JI030¢e npnpone, TO jeer aa

Taneca,

AHaKCI1MaH~pa,

AHaKCI1MeHa 11 XepaKJII1Ta. 3Haql1, 6e3 06311pa na JIll je y rnrrarsy sona,

aiieupou,

Ba3~YXI1JII1 BaTpa, yBeK je peq 0 jenaou Y3POKY 11 yaex 0 MaTepl1jaJIHOM y3pOKy.4

Mel)yTI1M, aKO osaj nacyc

(Met.98366-11)

nOCMaTpaMO 113 jenne 1III1pe nep-CneKTI1Be, a 3aKJhY'IHO ca

Met.

984a18, A0611ft.eMO 11 HelIlTO APyra'II1jl1 onrosop.

BI1-neheuo

na CTampaHI1H y OBaKO

nocnarpaaoj

u;eJII1HI1 rOBOpl1 0 MaTepl1jaJIHOM Y3POKY Kp03 ql1TaBY I1CTOpl1jy npecoKpaTcKe MI1CJII1, no-tea on

Taneca,

a saspums-1I111 ca

Aaaxcaropon.

OBAe je,~aKJIe,pen 0 CBI1M OHI1M "npBI1M ¢I1JI030¢I1Ma" KO-jl1 Y CBOKO-jl1M

xoauennajaaa

fiaparajy ca MaTepl1jaJIHI1M y3pOKOM, 6e3 06311pa

ua

TO na JIll je TO jeAI1HI1 Y3POK sa KOjl1 snajy, I1JII1 caxro jenaa Y HI13Y Y3pOKa. Ty ce cno-MI1IhY penoi«:

Tanec,

AHaKCI1MeH, XepaKJII1T, EMne~OKJIe 11

Anaxcaropa. Y

OBOM KpaTKOM npnxasy, I1CTI1Ha, nenocrajy HeKI1 npeCOKpaTOBU;I1, nonyr

AHaKCI1MaH-Mcbana28. 05. 585. ron. npe H.C.Ouajnonarax je ucpouaTHo uajnasoraja HHl\Hl\Hja 0 upeMcHy )l(HnO-ra npnor Mnnehanm)l(HnO-ra.

20 TOMe Crarapanau nHII1C y Cael.294a28-30; De an.405a19, 411a8; Met.984a2; Po1.1259a6, 1259a18. 3TIpCB. T. Jlanan. ApHCTOTCJI, Meiiiatpususca, JIH6cp, 3arpe6 1985, CTp. 10, n.98366-11. AJITCpHaTHn-HH npcnnor npcnona ()K.K.)rJIaClI:"j1,aKlle,og iipeux¢uIl030¢aeehunajecuaiiipanaoa [nauenaj

[tcojalIcy]iueapnoi061lUKa jecyjeounanauenacaeza. Jep OHOoo'lela cyceatiuha,iipoo09 'lela na-ciuajvIIiiocneou.eytuiiia iipoiiaoajy,'leMytiueciuoo ociiiaje uen.ajyhuce y ceojciuouua, iiio je,KaJICY

onu, eneueniuIInaueno611ha,"

4OUO jc,110uasra, HajnpHXUaTJI,HuHja onunja Ol\rOBOpa na IIHTalLC na KOjC "npnc ¢HJI030¢C" jc ApH-crorcn MHCJIHO na nanencnoa MCCTy.

I1E,l],AfOIliKA crBAPHOcr, LII,3-4(2006), HOllH CaA

npa, Ilnrarope, Enejaua

H

arovacra,

a

novarsy

ce, HHAHpeKTHo, HeKH JbYAH KOjl1 sacarypao Hl1CY <pHJI030qJl1 xao XOMep, XeCl10A l1

Oprpej,

Te HeKl1 ayTOpl1 0 KOjl1-Ma l1KOjl1-MaMO BeOKOjl1-Ma KOjl1-MaJIO BaJIl1AHl1X nonaraxa, xao IlITO cy XHrrOH,

Ilnorea

l1

Xnnac.

AKO 6HCMO XTeJIl1 HeKaKO 06jacHHTl1 l130CTaHaK rrouenyrax <pl1JI030<pa l13 osor npaxasa, ql1Hl1 HaM ce

na

cy Moryha ABa

onrosopa,

Ilpaa,

na

Crarapanaa

Hl1-je 6110 l1CTOpWIap <pl1JI03o<pl1Hl1-je l1JIl1 acropa-rap MeTa<pl13HKe y MOAepHOM CMl1CJIY, KOjl1 6H rrpl1JIl1KOM CBaKe perpocnexrase rreAaHTHO Cl1CTeMaTl130BaO CBe nocroje-he <pl1JI030<pe. OH TaKBy BpCTy rrpl1Jbe)KHOCTl1 HeucrrorsasaHl1 aa npyrna MeCTH-Ma y CBOM orrycy, rra y TOM CMl1CJIY OBO MeCTO Hl1je Hl1KaKaB l13Y3eTaK. OBOMe rpe-6a AOAaTl1 JOIlI l1 A06po II03HaTl1 IIOAaTaK na Hl1 cava

Meiiuupusutca

anje 6l1JIa 3a-Ml1IlIJbeHa, AaHaIlIlbl1M je3l1KOM pe-reno, xao yI,I6eHHK l1JIl1 KlbHra,

seh

rrpe xao 36l1pKa TeKCTOBa HaMelbeHl1X sa npenanaa,e KOjl1 cy HaKHaAHO KOMIIl1JIl1paHl1 y jenny QeJIHHy.

Ilpyra

Moryhl1 OArOBOp HaM yxasyje na ce KOA AHaKCl1MaHApa,

Ilararope

l1 nnraropejana nojaan.yjy

onroaapajyhe noreurxohe

Aa ce aiieupou l1 6pojeBl1 jen-H03HaQHO l1 nenperropno TpeTl1pajy xao

causa materialis.

Te TeIlIKohe KYJIMl1Hl1pa-jy ca EJIejQl1Ma KOA xojnx je, l13Y3eB fIapMeHl1AOBOr "rrYTa MHelba", l1

nesroryhe

rOBOpl1Tl1 0 HeKaKBOM IIpl1CYCTBY MaTepl1jaJIHOr

yspoxa,

AKO l1MaMO y Bl1AY IIO-CJIOBl1QHY Apl1CTOTeJIOBy 06a3pl1BOCT IIPl1JIl1KOM pasxrarparsa CrrOpHl1X MeCTa l1 TeMa, OBO MaJIOQaC l13peQeHO, 6H 3al1CTa Morao 6l1Tl1 nan-an pa3JIOr 3aIlITO

none-HyTl1X <pl1JI030<pa HeMa y nacycy OAMet.98366 AOMet.984a18.

OBa apryvearanaja, xoja AO cana l1 nenyje peJIaTl1BHO YBepJbl1BO, cyoaasa ce ca rrp06JIeMl1Ma xana ce ynarano 3aIlITO ce l1CTl1 xparepajyv He MO)Ke IIpl1Me-Hl1TI1 l1 na nocnemse y Hl13Y l130CTaBJbeHl1X IIpeCOKpaTOBaQa, a TO cy aTOMl1CTl1. Jep xana cy OHl1 y IIl1TalbY

Crampannn

je HeABOCMl1CJIeH, y

Met.98569-10

ce eKC-IIJIl1Ql1THO xaace na cy JIeYKl1II l1 ,UeMOKpHT IIperr03HaJIH MaTepl1jaJIHH y3pOK, H na cy TO aa lbHX 6HJIH aTOMH l1

npasnaua.

JeAHO OA MoryhHx

oojaunsersa

sa aecnosra-lbalbe aTOMl1CTa y OBOM rracycy, xoje HaM je rroHYAHO POc,S je TO na cy OHH XpOHO-JIOIlIKH AOIlIJIH 3HaTHO xacnaje.

Ila

IIOAceTHMO,npeva

Anononopy, Anaxcaropa

je, osne xao nocnemse paauarpaaa, )KHBeO OA

500/499-428/7

r. rrpe H. e., AOK je rrpe-Ma HCTOj KJIacH<pHKaQHjl1 ,UeMoKpHT

poben

QHTaBHX

40

rOAHHa xacnnje, TO jeer )KI1BeO je OA

460/59-371/0

r,rr. H. e.

<PopMyJIaQHja xojy ApHCTOTeJI KOpHCTH y

Meiii.98369

H nan.e je, xao IlITO TO OH I1Ha'Ie QHHH, BeOMa 6pH)KJbl1BO onaopaaa. EHBCTBO je OIIHcaHO xao HeIlITO IlITO casro ocraje rpajao AOK ce Melba y CBojcTBHMa

(7l"a:to:;).6

CTpHKTHO

ronopehn,

CTarHpaHHH He xasce na ce Melbajy csojcrsa,

seh

na ce 6l1BCTBO Melba

nocpen-5 W. D.Ross, Aristotle's metaphysics I, Oxford 1997, p. 128.

" TCIllKO npcuornma rp'!Ka llHIIIC3Ha'IHHl\arr<iJo,jc onne npenenena xao "CllOjCTllO". KOI1 Hac ccrr<iJo,

UpCBOAH H xao "uoj~,lla","upoMc?,1a", "McHa',:' aLa~~njc npenona xao ::TprrHocT";, MHa'Ie,rr~o,jOIII 3Ha'm H "A0)l(HBJbaj , "HCKYCTBO , "HCBOJha , ,,3JIO , "IIYIllCBHO CTalhC , "cTpacT , "Aorai)aj , "OCC-TJbHIlOCT", "MeHa rnacona" ... Bonic jc npenonu ca "die Eigenschaft", a Ros na noucnyro«MecTY ca "modification" , a na HCKHM APyrHM MCCTHMa ca "affection". 3alIIIMJhlIBO jc BIIACTII H KaKO faBCJIa II Jly-mh npenone I~COPC'ICHIIl\C Y KOMC cc cnosnm.c pc'! mi3-o,.OHO UITO Ladan npenona ca ,,'ICMy 6IIBCTBO npeocrajc !10K ce MHjclha y TPUHOCTHMa", faBCJIa UPCBOAII na CJICAchH Ha'mH: ",l],OK CYU-CTaHIla II lIaJI,C rpaje UOA pa3HIIM Ha3HBIIMa", a nY'IHh OBaKO: "a '!CMy /cyurracrnoocraje HCTO

Me-n.ajyh»-ccnoja»crau.a",CaMO 'ICTIlOPOCTPYKOonpehea,eiiaiiixocaApHCTOTeJI HaM naje yLlKlhH3H cnoje Meiiiatpustuce ynaparparpy1022615-21.

Mp )l(CJhKO Kanybeponah: TAnEC - PO,IJ.OHAqEnHI1K <l>I1n030<I>I1JE

CTBOM 1h1lX,

ocrajyhn

npn TOM CaMO aerrpowerseno.

Hera

npllpOAa je o-rysaaa xax II AOK 'rprnr npeaaa-ren,a. ¥lJIlI, 1I3 n.e "HacTajy CBe OCTaJIe crnapn, AOK OHa ocraje"

(Met.93618).

Tpajaocr

lIJIlI CTaJIHOCT y CBOjOj corrcrsenoj npapona AOK ce nonspra-sa npoaeuasra, je xapax'repncraxa 611BCTBa xoja ce aarnamaaa y OBOM~lITaTY 1I3

Meiiuupusuxe.'

ElIBCTBO je, y crsapa, OBAe pa3YMJheHO xao OHO

nonnezcehe

(vrroxefp,evov)

CBeKOJIlIKlIX

npoaena."

ApllCTOTeJI je 3aTlIM, y

Met.983613-16

xao

anycrpauajy

yseo nojenaaa-mor lJOBeKa, KOHKpeTHo COKpaTa. I1Pll TOM je, aa je-AaH aa csoje cnyuraoue 6JI1I3aK II rtpaxaarrsaa HalJlIH nojacnao, na xao urro 0 Co-xpary He

xaacesro

na je caCBlIM nacrao y rpeayrxy xana je nocrao nerr lIJIlI o6pa-30BaH,9 OH,

raxohe,

naje HII neerao onora rpeayrxa xana 1I3ry611 OBa caoja craisa, jep lIMa HeUITO urro CBe spesre nepsncrapa, UITO je

nonneacehe,

a TO je caM Co-KpaT.1OKOHalJHO, y

Met.983617-18

Crarnpaaan

xasce na II xpajtse HalJeJIO Jon.ana ocraje

aerrpouetseno

y 6I1BCTBy,

nonspraaajyha

ce I1CTOBpeMeHo He6pojeHIIM MO-AIIqmKa~I1jasra.

Y

aacrasxy

npebannser

nacyca ApIlCTOTeJI naje najpannja rrpaxas nornena rrpsor qmJI030cPa npapone

(Met.983618-27):

MeljyTIIM, CBII He Ap)l(e I1CTO nrro ce TIIlJe MHO)l(I1He II BpCTe rora no-rena, Hero

Tanec

(3alJeTHIIK TaKBe cPIIJI030-cPIIje) xaace KaKO je TO BOAa (sfior xera je II I13jaBJhIlBaO na 3eMJha nnyra na BO-All), nouranma MO)l(Aa AO Te nperno-CTaBKe jep je BIIAIIO na je xpaaa csexry BJIa)l(Ha II na casra TOnJIIIHa nacraje I13 nnare II no Ihoj )l(I1BH (a OHO I13 xera urro nacraje TO je H nOlJeJIO cnera) -AaKJIe, OA rora je I13BeO Ty nperno-crasxy II 360r 'rora nITO cjeuea,e CBIIX CTBapIl liMa BJIa)l(HY aapas II urro je BJIa)l(HIIHaMa BOAa nOlJeJIO HapaBII.11

TO p,eVTOI

rrA0;}0~ xa]

TO

e~o~ T0~ TOlavT'Y)~ ae%~~ OU

TO aUTO

7TaJ)Te~ Ae?"OUO"IV,

aMa

eaA0~

p,ev

/;

T0~ TOlaVT'Y)~ aeX'YJ1'O~ CPIAolTocpfa~ v~we

elva! CP'Y)ITIV

(~IO

xal TnV 'Y0v

ecp'

v~aTO~

arr8cpr;vaTO

elvtu),

Aa(3wv

i'ITW~

TnV

vrroA'Y)if;lv ex TOU

navnov

/;eav Tnv TeOcpnV

v'Yeav oOlTav xal aUTO TO ;}eeP,Ov ex TOVTOU

'YI'YlI0p,8VOV xal TOVTlp (wv (TO

~' e~

00

?,f'YlleTaI, TOUT' elTTlv aexn rravTwv),

~Ia TE ~n

TOUTO TnV vrroA'Y)rf;lv Aa(3wv TaVT'Y)V, xal

~Ia

TO

ttavtasv

Ta lT7Teep,aTa TnV CPVITIV v?'eav

exelV, TO

~' v~we

aexnv

T0~ cpvlTew~

eTval

TO/~ v'Yeo/~.

(olov /;Ti,av:.1eW7fO" eT, }(ai /; aUTO, '"V, OTE fl-EV AW}(O, OTE ~Efl-EAa, yfveTa/, xa}:.1eefl-0, }(ai if;uxeo" }(ai <pavAo, }(ai(J"7fou~aio,.).

7 CncKyJIaTIIBHO pC'ICHO, pana ce 0 TOMC na OHO nITO cryna y pa3JIIIKY ca C060M 113BOpHO ocrajc jCA-HaKO cc611.

8DIIBCTBO je sacnrypno y jCAHOM na)KHOM CMIICJIY nonnexehc, a TRap je aeponaruo OCHonHII nllA nOAJIC-)Kchcr. 0 TOMC ApllCTOTCJI rnnne y 3. maBIIVIIKlhllrc,xao IIy 1. maBIIVIIIKlhllrcMeiiuupusuxe. ~ Jlanan y CBOM rrpesony ueponarao CJICAIIBoaaua, rra rp'IKII npnneafl-OUU1}(O,rtpcnonn ca

"o6pa30-BaH", lIITO II jCCTC jC/IHO, 1II1IpC, 01\ H,crOBIIX 3Ha'ICIha. Poe onaj npanes npenonn ca "musical" ("My-3I1KaJIaH"), IIITO je n.eroso. aKO TaKO MO)KCMO pehn, y)KC 3Ha'ICIhC.

10 CJIII'IHO ApllCTOTCJI nllIIIC II yKaiueiopujaua ronopehn 0 0AJIIIKaMa 6I1BCTBa. IIocJICAH,a pC'ICHlIIla 113Catt.4alO-21 rnaca:

HaiipuujepHeKU '/OBjeK,uatcoje jegaH U uciiioejeiiian, MOJICe tiueaiiiu caga 6uje-JlUM a caaa U{JHU.M, caga iiiOl1J1UM a caga xnaouuu, caga noiuuu a cagaooopu»:

Ilpes. <1>. I'prah. ApIlCTOTCJI,Kaiueiopuje, XpB. CBCy'I. HaKJI., 3arpc6 1992, CTp. 511153, nAaI8-21. 11 IIpCB. T. Jlanan. ApIlCTOTCJI,Meiiiatpusutca,Jlntiep, 3arpc6 1985, CTp. 10 II 11, nap. 983618-27.

Ka-lla yMet.983620-21 name na jeTanec ,,3a'lCTHIIK 'raxse q)llJI030q)lljC" MIICJIII CC, HapanHO, Ha <jlIfJIO-30<jllfjy Koja Tpara 3a jCi\IfHCTBCHIIM MaTcplfjaJIHIfM y3pOKOM CBIIX cTBapll.Y npcBoAY Met.983622

IlEJJ:AfOIliKA CfBAPHOCT,LIT, 3-4(2006), Hom! Call

Y

Be3I1 ca OBI1M HaBOAOM I13MeiUacjJU3UKeje I1 CJIeAehI1 nacyc I13 CITI1ca

0

uetiy

(294a28-29461):

Ilpyrn csrarpajy na

3eMJba JIe)KI1

na

BOAI1. To je, YOITIlITe,

aajcrapnje

MI1-urn.en,e

0 OBOMe, a

aesyje

ce

sa

liMe

Taneca

MI1JIehaHI1Ha. ITo IheMy, 3e-MJba

ocraje

HenOMWlHa 3aTO IIlTO

ITJII1-aa norryr npae

ra, I1JII1 Heqer CJII1qHOr, jep HI1'IeMy OA

osora

HI1je

caojcrseao

ITO npHpOAI1

na

MI1pyje y Ba3AYXY, a je-CTe

na

BOAI1,

xao na

ce CBe I1CTO He 6I1 MOrJIO

pehn

H 0 BOAI1. HaI1Me, BOAH

jennaxo

TaKO HI1je

caojcrseao na

ce AP)KI1 y Ba3AYXY,

neh

ce OHa yBeK HaJIa-3I1 y HeQeMy.12

of ~' erp u~aTo~ xe/u:Jw. TOUTOll yaq aqxa/OTaTOll naqe/Anrpap,ell TOll AOYOll, 011 ipaatv eineiveaMjll TOll M/AnU/Oll, w~ ~/a TO nAWTl)lI ellla/ p,ellouuall W(J7Teq fVAoll

0

T/TO/OUrOll [Teqoll (xa] yaq TOVTWlI en' aeqo~p,ell ou3'ell nerpuxe p,elle/lI,

aM'

erp'u~aTO~), W(J7Teq OU TOll aUTOll

AOYOll OllTa neq; Tij~ yij~ xa] TOU u~aTO~ TOU

OXOUlITO~ Tl)l1 yijll' Ou~e yaq TO u~wq nerpuxe p,elle/ll p,eTewqoll, aM' en!T/110~effT/lI.

Y

KIhH3I1

0

aytuu

ABa MeCTa cy HHAI1KaTHBHa, H TO: 405a19-21 I1 411a7-8. Ha ITpBOnoMeHyToM ApI1CTOTeJI ITI11I1e:

qI1HH ce

na

je H

Tanec,

no OHOMe IIlTO

cnosran.y,

CXBaTI10 AYIllY

xao

OHO

xoje

noxpehe

aKO TBPAI1 Aa MameT liMa AY-Illy jep npHBJIaQH )KeJbe30.13

[ooa ~e xa; eaAij~

ef

Jill anop,lI'Yjp,ollevouu/ X/lI'YjTmOll T/ Tl)l1 r/;uXl)lI lJ7ToAa(3e/lI, ei'rreq TOll M3'oll [rp'Yj !/;uXl)lI [xe/lI, OT/ TOllu!~'Yjqoll }(Il1el.

nmuc"WJllIaBIlIll MO)l(lIa1~0TCupeiuiiociuaetce" (Kyp3111l Ham,:>K.K),a yMe/.983625"Oil'rora je 113-IlCOryI1pelTtaoclTtaOKy" (Kyp3111l Ham, :>K.K).Ha 06a MCCTa y 0p"ruHaJIY croja llMCHllI\a )l(CHCKOr pOl\a7) ,nroA'Y}if;" xojy,1l11l\llMO,Jlanan npcnonnca "npcTnocTaIlKa" (llCTO 'HlHll II JJ:. nY'Hlh y CIIOM

npcnonyAxa.nrcMeiiuupueuxe; E. TaucnaKOI\rrpcnona ncror cnnca npnoMCCTOnpenonaca "OHje

6C3 CyMH,Cnomao110 Oiloraeponaa.a'',a l\pyro ,,360roaaxaor aanaacan.a OHjc npnxaarno raj Ha-'llIHrncnan.a").<!>0pMaJIHO rJICl\aHO,urrOA'Y}if;" y jCI\HOM Oilcaojnx sua-rca,ajCCTCIInpCTlIOCTaIlKa, a

Jlanan jc BCp(lBaTHOynorpctino onaj TCPMllR cnenchn APIlCTOTCJIOIlotiaapnn TOH xana roaopn0 Tanccy,a MO)l(l\a II npCIlOI\IIJI<l'IKOpeureu,e KOjCje IIOHYl\1I0 Bonie ("die Annahme").Harnejc Mll-IIIJhCIhCna rp'IKOurroA'Y}if;" Crarapanan naje y TaKOpcaepnacanowCMllCJIYcranaoY3Mll~chaHllHa, neh naOHO,xaoIlITO Mynpyra npcnounIIrosope,y JlaTOM KORTCKCTy 3Ha'HI "MllIJIJI,CH,C nrnr ,,3a-Mllcao", KaKO yocTaJIOMIIRoscyrepmuey CIIOMnpcnony("notion", mTO MO)l(C 31Ia'HlTllII"nojaM"). Hamnpenon (:>K.K)~CJIornacyca rnacn onaxo:

"HuaK, He CJ!a:JICy ce COU yuoineoy6poja U 06J1UKaoooia uauena, ueio Tanec, yiueuen.usiien. iiiaxee ¢UJl030¢uje, Ka:JICe 9a je eoqa [naneno] (360z ueiaje Uusjaonsuoao aa seu.asaJle:JICuua009U), 90-Ula01WI MO:JIC9a 90 iiie 3aMUCJlU jep je euoeo 9a je xpana coux 611ha OJW:JICHa, U oaiiioiinoiiiacaMa 09 /belenaie] nacuiajeU UOn.oj:JICUOU (jep 09ueia [ciiieapu] nacuiajy iuoje Unaueno coeia), {OH]je, oatcne, aoutao 90 [anaciiiuiiie] 3aMllCJlU ua OCHOOY ooe nutoenuue, [tcao] U ua {OCHOOy] [nun.enuue] 9a ceuenacoux [ciiioapu]uuajy oJla:JICHYiipupoay, Uaaje eooauaueno upupooe OJlaJlCHUX [ciiiea-pu]. "

12Ilpen.M.Tacnh.APllCTOTCJI,0 uetiy, I'parpoc, Bcorpau1990, CTp.66,II.294a28-29461.

13Tlpen.M. Cnponnh.ApIlCTOTCJI,0 9Y1UU,Hanpnjcn,3arpc6 1987, CTp.11, n.405a19-21.0 TCKcTy

cauorI\CJIaDeanima,BpCMClIy IhCHOr lIaCTaHKa, aJI1I1I

°

APIlCTOTCJIOIlOjncaxonoruja yornure, CBaKa-KOrpefiaKOHcyJITOBaTII 1I3IlalIpCI\HY POCOBY KH,lIryApucuiouienO/l,YillH. W. D.Ross,AristotleDE ANIMA,Oxford 1999.

Mp )l(CJbKO Kanybepoaah: TAJlEC - PO.!J:OHAqEJlHI1K <l>I1Jl030<l>I1JE

.IJ:a 61I HeUITO narse yCTBpP;lIO: HeKlI 'rapne na je nyura nosmjeurana y qlITaBOM csexrapy. flo TOMe je MO)KJla II

Tanec

nOMlICJIlIO na je CBe nyno

60ro-aa.!"

xat

e])

TfiJ oAq;

3i

TI])e~

aUT7)]) /l-e/l-I:r/faf caatv,

o:fe])

;O-W~

xat

eaMj~

rbi;:J-r;

lTfl-])Ta

1T:Ai;(}'Y)

:few])

er])al.

flPlIJIlIKOM peKOHCTpYlICaIba

nonenyrnx

AplICTOTeJIOBlIX lICKa3a

najseiuhe

ce y npan nJIaH 1I3BJIaqe

cnenehe

TplI Te3e:

1.

3eMJba nJIlIBa na BOP;lI

(Met.983621-22; Cael.294a28)

2.

Bona

je MaTeplIjaJIHlI Y3POK CBlIX crnapa (y

Met.983619-21

ce roaopn 0 BO-P;1I xao HaqeJIY, a HeWTO panaje y

Met.98367

ce xaxce na je

sehaaa

on np-BlIX eplIJI030epa caxro OHa rnapaor 06JIlIKa CMaTpaJIa HaqeJIlIMa Cnp-BlIX

CTBa-pn)

3.

CBe crsapn cy nyae 60roBa

(De an.411a7-8;

II nonaje ce na je II MarHeT )KlIB jep lIMa Mon na

noxpehe

rBO)Klje;

De an.40Sa19-21)l5

PeU;lIMO najrrpe HeWTO 0 canoj TepMlIHOJIOmjlI. AplICTOTeJI KOPlICTlI

nojaose

xoje

Tanec

sacarypao naje srorao ynorpecn.anara (lIJIlI 6apeM He ca3Ha~leIblIMa KO-ja lIM je npnnaaao AplICTOTeJI), nonyr ,,61IBCTBO"

(oufTfa),

"CBOjCTBO"(mL:fo~), nacraja-Ibe y "anCOJIyTHOM" CMlICJIY

rj,

"yonwTe" ((LrrAW~),

.rronneacehe''

(Urroxef/l-e])o]))

lIJIlI "eJIeMeHT"

(fTTOIXelo])).

Ho II nopen onpeaa KOjlI je CBaKaKO norperiaa, HlIje Hy)KHO 1I3 osora 3aKJbyqlITlI na AplICTOTeJI norpeumo npaxasyje MlIWJbeIbe

Taneca

II OCTaJIlIX CBOjlIX npeTXOJlHlIKa. Jep He casro

Crarapaunn

Hero II I1CTOplIqapl1 epl1JI030epl1je y 61IJIO KOM nooy cy

npaayhean

na pauaja MI1WJbeIba narepnperapajy je311KoM caora

apeueaa,

Hallie je MI1WJbeIbe na Apl1CTOTeJI He nperennyje na, xao WTO HeKI1 aepy-jy, xaace na je

Tanec

eKCnJII1U;lITHO rOBOpl10 0 MaTepl1jaJIHOM Y3POKY I1JIlI 0 nexa-KBOMy~leIbY 0 Y3pOU;I1Ma renepamro, Ben OH )KeJII1 na, 113Meljy OCTaJIOr, 1I3pa311 crapy (TaJIeCOBY) Te3Y HOB11M (conCTBeHlIM) nojMOM. OBO, naxne, naje HI1KaKBO 1I3HeBepa-saa.e CTaBOBa npecoxparosaua, jep 611 oana CBaKI1 noxyuraj na ce OHI1 pasyxrejy 61I0 ynanpen

ocyhea

ua Heycnex, YKOJIlIKO He 61I 6110 nape-ten IblIXOBlIMpe~IlIMaII IblIXO-BI1M je31IKoM. YOCTaJIOM HII OBe

name

MlICJIlI HlICY nanncaae na KJIaClI~IHOMrpxxoxr, Ben na jep;HoM MOJlepHOM je31IKy, aJIlI ce

nanaxo

na TI1Me HlIje lICKplIBJbeHa 61IT OHO-ra WTOje AplICTOTeJI xreo na Ka)Ke.16

I'osopeha

0 MlIJIenaHlIMa (osne nocetiao 0

Tanecy)

AplICTOTeJI nopen

seh

nouenyrnx

nojsroaa

.rronneacehe"

II "eJIeMeHT",l7 KOPlICTlI jenny

npyry

pe-r,

"Ha-14Ilpen. M. Cl1pOHHh. ApHCTOTCJI, 0 ayuiu, Hanpajen, 3arpcG 1987, CTp. 27, n. 411a7-8. CJII1'IHO npn-xaayjyTanccoso CTaHOlll1IIITe Ilaorcn Jlaeprnje(I.27) 11 ACTl1je(Il».I.7.11.).

1, Ony IIII1pOKO pacnpocrpau.eny cacrevaraaanajy cauynauax Apl1CTOTeJIOlll1X CIlCI\O'IaHCTalla 0 Ta-necy MO)((CMO npoaaha KO!\ Bapacra (1. Burnet), Knpxa 11 Paseaa (G. S. Kirk,J.E. Raven), Bapnca(J.

Barnes), a y HacKO!~Bpanxa Ilannonnha.

16Ilpenohcn,e na npyrn jC311K I1JII1 aa npyrauujy TCXHI1'IKy TCpMI1HOJIOmjy y I1CTOM jC311Ky je, no naua, I1HTPI1HCI1'IHO HCIIIKOI\JbI1IJO, a epl1JI030epCKI1 rrpexo nOTpcGHO.

17Kana jc nojaxrrrrolXEloVy nnran.y 1I0CTOjl1!~I1JICMa na JIll cc OH MO)((C npl1MCHI1TI1 na MI1JIchaHC I1JII1 TeK na HCKC II03HI1jCnpecoxparosuc. OnIIIl1pHl1je 0 caMOM 1I0jMY 11 n.eronoj MHoro3Ha'IHoj ynorpe-611 y ayroponoj KH,11311. )l(CJbKO Kanyhcponnh, Apuciiioiiien IIiipeocoxpaiuoeuu, KpI1McJI, HOIlI1

TIE.IJ:AfOlliKA CTBAPHOcr,LIT, 3-4 (2006),HOB IfCan

~IeJIO"

(aIlXn),

na II3pa3II lhIIXOBO npB06IITHO 6IIBCTBO, xoje lIMa naa snasea,a: npno, noxerax II3 xojer je pa3HOBpCHII II I1IapOJIIIKII CBeT nacrao; npyro, TpajHy -OCHOBy n-eronor nocrojan.a Tj. ApIICTOTeJIOBIIM je3IIKoM peseao v7Toxefp,evov. 18CBe CTBapII cy je,n;HOM 6IIJIe sona, aKOje OHa

apuxe

TOjeer no-rerax, II aa epIIJI030epa II3 MIIJIeTa CBe CTBapII cy JOIlI ysex nona, jep ynpKoc

nposreaana

KojIIMa ce non-nprasa OHa ocraje IICTO 6IIBCTBO,apuxe IIJIIIUXUCUCTO jeerHa~IeJIOIIJIII npnpona, Kp03 CBe nposreae, nOIlITO, HapaBHO, HeMa npyror 6IIBCTBa.

Haxo

ce II3

Met.983617-18

na 3aKJbyqIITII ,n;a ApIICTOTeJIOB npIIMapHII IIHTe-pec HIIje 6IIO na yTBp,n;II 6pOjHO crarse yspoxa, II3

Met.983620-21

(na II II3

Met.98366-8)

ce yo-rasa na je y lhIIMa, npeuna

npehyrno,

canpxcaaa

uperrtocrasxa

na je pe-r 0 je,n;HOM yspoxy (II TO OHOM MaTepIIjaJIHOM). ApIICTOTeJI y

Met.984a28-29

nopy-ryje na

Taneca

(II MIIJIehaHe) 'rpefia cMaTpaTII npBIIM MOHIICTIIMa, jep cy rOBOpIIJIII ",n;a je

nonnescehe

jenno".

Hesta

na HaBe,n;eHI1M MeCTIIMa

oojaum.eu.a

sa-I1ITO je TO TaKO, aJIII jenao Moryhe

pemerse

na ce HaCJIyTIITII. KaKO y peJIIIrIIjcKIIM, TaKO II y epIIJI030epCKIIM, na II HayqHIIM npIIKa3IIMa CBeTa eBII,n;eHTHa je Te)J(lha rsyncxor yMa sa eKOHOMwlHoIlIhy II je,n;HOCTaBHoIIIhy. MIIJIeTCKII epIIJI030ep je YTBpl)IIBalheM jennor yspoxa nOKyIIIao OHO I1ITO ce y caaxoj KOHceKBeHTHoj epIIJIO-30epIIjII nojasn.yje xao lheH npBII CTaB, a TOje na pa3HOJIIIKOCT nojannor CBeTa CBe-,n;e na jenny

nocrasxy,'?

IIITO ra, ys OCTaJIO, JIerIITIIMIIIIIe xao 3aqeTHIIKa sananae nayxe II epIIJI030epIIje.20

AIIJIeMe y IIHTepnpeTaU;IIjII,

'raxohe,

ce nojanrsyjy II xana nOKyIIIaMo YTBp-,n;IITII 3aIIITO je

Tanec

onaopao 6aIII sony xao HaqeJIO.

On

ApIICTOTeJIOBOr npesre-na no HaIlIIIX npesre-nanpesre-na MHO)J(IIJIII cy ce onrosopa npesre-na OBO rnrraa.e. MO)J(eMo IIX, rpyoo

roaopehn,

nO,l.\eJIIITII Y nse rpyne:

1.

MIITCKII II

2.

PaU;IIOHaJIHII

1. Pa3JI03II aa II360p none xao naxena KOjI1 y CBOjOj ocnOBII IIMajy pa3JIIIqI1Te MII-TOBe srory ce,

raxohe,

no,n;eJIIITII aa nae rronrpyne:

a) YTIIu;aj KOjII je na

Taneca

II3BpIIIIIJIa ernrrarcxa II BaBIIJIOHCKa MIITOJIOrIIja 6) YTIIu;aj KOjII je na

Taneca

II3BpIIIIIJIa XeJIeHCKa MIITOJIOmja.

a)

Ernnarcxa

II BaBIIJIOHCKa U;IIBIIJIII3aU;IIja cy 6IIJIe T3B."pe~IHe xyrrrype"

yrexe-rsene

ua

HIIJIy II ,n;BeMa pexana y MeCOnOTaMI1jII

(Tarpy

II

Eyrppary),

C 063IIpOM

ua

TO na je

Tanec

sepoaarno 60paBIIo y ErIInTy (II3BecHa nertoysnana cnenoxan-CTBa rosope II na je TaMO nyro )J(IIBeo), HeKII cy 3aKJbyqIIJIII na je, aa OCHOBy 'rora IIITO je TaMO Morao YOqIITII na nona 3aY3IIMa BeOMa Ba)J(HO MeCTO y ,l.\oMahIIM MI1-TOBIIMa, 're Hay'IIITII II3 IICTIIX na sevrsa nJIlIBa na BO,n;II, OH Te rrpaxe jenaocrasno

IKXcrCJI MIfCJIIf I\aje TanecpC'1aex'l}Moraoynorperiara casroy CMIfCJIY rrO'ICTKa y BpCMCHy, a HIfKaKO

xaoOHO llITO JIC)I(If Y OCHOBIfcsera.f. B. <P. Xcrcn, Hciuopuja drunosoibuje I,El1f3,Beorpan 1975,

cTp.43.

10HapannoI\a ce 1f3 TC jennc rrOCTaBKC Mopa 1f3BCCTif If clJlfJI030cpCKa pexoacrpyxuaja TOTaJIIfTCTa, TO jCCT oojaunsauaa,e MHOllITBCHOCTIf CBCTa 1f3 jC)\HOr rrO'ICTHor CTaBa, y OBOMcny-rajy TO jeIf3CTaBa o sonn xaoapuxey, Oaajnocrynax npencraan,a OHO UITO CC 30BC "rrpo6HIfM KaMCHOM" CBaKC clJIfJIO-30cIJlfjC.

20Bapucrxaxce na jcTanecYTCMCJbIfTCJI, MIfJICTCKC IIIKOJIC If "rrpBIf 'IOBCK HaYKc". J. Burnet, Early Greek Philosophy, Cleveland I962, p. 40.

eloiJi rive; 01' xal TOU, rrap,rraAa/ov, xal rroAu rreo

'1'0,

vilv revio-ew, xa; rreIVTOV, :JeoAorno-avTa, OUTW,

oiOllraf nee;Tij~ cpUr.r8W) IJ7roAafJeiv' nxeal/oJ)T8

rae

xal Tr;:Juv iTroir;o-av

'1'0,

revio-ew, rraTiea" xai TOV oexov TWV :Jowv iJJwe, TnV xaAovp,ivr;v vrr' aVT(!JV LTVra TWV rrOlrjTWV' TIp,ul)TaTOV p,ev rae TO

7f(jurpVTaTOlJ, 0(1)(0)38TO TIIUWTaTOJ,l BUT/V.

Mp )l(cn,KoKanybeponnh:TAJIEC - PO,IJ,OHAlJEJIHI1K <I>I1JI030<l>I1JE

npeneo y XeJIa}J;y, ysycsajaa.e CTaBa na BO}J;a MOpa 360r csera HaBe}J;eHOr 6lITlI II

rrpaaunn csera, Taxo

HeKaKO HaM

cyrepmne nnp.

ClIMrrJIlIKlIjeB KOMeHTap ApM-CTOTeJIOBOr CIIMca0

netiy

KOjl1 MO)KeMOnponahay ,l],K11A14.

6)

Ilopebeu,a

lI3 rp'-IKe MMTOJIOmje

ynyhyjy

Hac

oner na

ApMCTOTeJIa.

Kana

OH y rracycy M3Meiii.983627-3321_Z060pU

0

Otceany

U

Teiiiuou,

MUCJlU iipe ceeia na

ciiiu-X06e U3 J1Jlujage (XIV, 201 H 246)22 Y

xojnaa

ce OKeaH

rnopnrpmcyje xao

rr01IeTaK

fiorona

II

csera npyror

lIITO )KlIBM. ITa je

onna, xao urro

cy HeKH epMJI030ctm TOII

CMaTpaJIII, XOMep Taj KOjM je

npecynno

YTMI..\ao

na Taneca

rrpMJIHKOM M360pa BO}J;e

xaoHa'-IeJIa.23

Moryhn

YTI1I..\aj

ernnarcxe,

BaBI1JIOHCKe H

rp-nce

MHTOJIOmje

carypno

He

rperia nornetsnaara

11OHe cy

aecymsaso

OCTaBllJIe Tpara

na

MMCJIHMa npBMX qm-JI030epa.

Hnax,

He

rpetia

HX HlI

npeueu.naara,

HapOllJ1TO He

na

Ha'-IHH

na

je

Tanec,

peI..\HMO, O}J;

Ernnhana nay-tao na

je BO}J;a Ha1leJIO CBlIX

craapn,

jep 0 TOMe HeMa HH-KaKBHX nOy3}J;aHHX CBe}J;O'-IaHCTaBa. Tpe6a 3a}J;p)KaTlI

jacny pesepny npexra

TaKBHM XlInOTe3aMa, jep OHe cy

najseurhe caxro aacnyhaaan,a xoja

cy

nanonreaa

ca 3aMH-TepeCOBaHornhy

xoja

je H3JIa3HJIa M3BaH OKBlIpa HenplICTpaCHOCTM.

21Kojn rnacn:

HMa UX KOjU iipeuuiociiiaensajy KaKO U

JbY-gilY ga(J/tUIIlI, MIIOZOiipujecaaauuoei ua-pauuiia]a, xojucyiipauyMoaaAu 0603UMa, lIciiio iitatco uuuuuaxy 0 napaeu. OIlU cy

«ao poouiiien.e iiociiuuuca uociliaeunu Oueaua U Tetiiuay U KaJICY KaKOiipuceia tiosuua tiujauie aooosc «ojy tijecnuuu lIa311-aaxy C!UlIKC.Jep uajnacnujeje 0110tuiiioje najciuopuje, a tuiiioje najnacuuje lUO je II

iipuceia.

TIpCB. T. Jlanan. ApIlCTOTcn, Meiiiatbusutca, Jlnficp, 3arpc6 1985, CTp. 11, nap. 983627-33. Ilon OHIIM "IlMa IIX xoju npcrnocraan.ajy"Apncrorcnnepona-nroMllcnll na TInaT<JHa, xojn yKpaiiiunyII Teeiueiu»yxasyje na XcpaxnurII n.eronn npcTxOIIHIIl\1I xao qJlln03mjlll llyKy xopcnc OilXoxrepa,

XCCIIOIW IIOprpcja, TInaToHynyhyje naOxeauaII TCTIII\Y na IICTIl Ha'IIlH na xojn TO 'IIlHII APIICTO-'rcn y OBOM l\IlTaTY, na 'IaK y Teeiiieiiiy 1816 KOPIlCTIl II IlCTy pC'I xojy MO)«CMO nponahu y MelTi.983628 rraWTraAalov, ("n,YIIIl y lIaBHIIHIl", nocnonno "caCIlIIM crap").

22ROZJlCgajMouaeeaeneciuuxoee113XouepoeeHnnjanc XIV, 200-201:

HgeM ga euauu seumuMIIOZOXpalwj xpajeee eliu rae Or/;op,ivr; rroAv!poef3ov rreleam ralr;"

xpajn.e 'Dxwvov Te :Jewv riveo-Iv xa] p,r;Tiea Tr;!7Uv.

H Okeana, iipausoop natu,UTeiiuuryMajKy,

TIpCIl. M. H. 'Bypllh. XOMCp, Hnujaaa,I.p.o. MaT. cpncxe, H.Can1985, CTp. 345,XIVnenaa,e, 200-201 CTIIX.

Ilpyi«tiuiiia« uuiiiaiujecneaehu(I1nlljal\a, XIV244-248): CaaKOZ gpyzoz ja 6uxoa ecnuux tioioeaAaKO

Moz'0yciiaoaiii', -ta«Uotceancxusc eoaauaa(lJle

la 61lXycila«'0, aone110'leiUaK cy caezatuiiio »cueu; Ami lie611x jaxiiieo iipuciuyiiuiiut KpouoeyCUllY HUlUU 61lX H>cza yct7aa '0, ceM aKO caM 6u Mil peK '0.

rnov p,ivXcV erwre :Jewv aletreVeTawv gela xaTWVno-alp,I, xal avnorauoio gie:Jea

'(1xeavov,;;~1T8fl 'reVerT/) 1TaVT8fTrTlTETVxTat·

Zr;vo,J'oux av erwreKooviovo;&'o-o-ov ixoip,r;v OV38xaT8VVnfTalp/, OT8~i}aVioq1"8X8A8VOI.

TIpCB.M. H. 'Bypllh, XOMCp,l1.flujaga,Lp.o. MaT. cpncKc, H. Call 1985, C'rp. 346,XIVIICBaILC, 244--248 CTIIX.

23J~()ilaTfIa Bcp311ja Koja CC IIOMIIH,C jc na cy XOMCpOll1l "OKcaH - tjJparMCHTII" npCTpncnll CHa)J(aH yTlIIlaj 6nIlCKOIICTO'IHIIX MlIl'Onorllja, na CC OHl\a ollanOJ~BaplljaHTaTpCTllpa Kao l\lIpCKTaH yTII1laj HaTaneca H3 rp'IKC MIlTonorlljc, a nocpeilaH 113 erllIIal'CKe IIllaBIIJIOHCKC.

IlE}J;AfOIIIKA CfBAPHOCf,LIT,3-4 (2006), HOBI1Cart

Pa3JIMKa xoja ce nojann.yje y nna ApMCTOTeJIOBa uasona, xoja rosope 0 TO-Me na 3eMJba nJIMBa na BO,o;M, je na ce y cnacy

0 netiy

(294a28-33), sa pa3JIHKy 0,0;

Meiiuubusutce

983618-27, jour Ka:>Ke na OHa "nmma nonyr npnera, HJIM aexera CJIM'IHOr". aBO HaM yxasyje aa jenny H3pa3HTY xapax'repncraxy npecoxparcxor MHllIJbelba, xoja je HecyMlbHBO YTHQaJIa na noroise epHJI030epe, na H na castor ApHCTOTeJIa.

Pe-r

je 0 TOMe na cy 0,0;

Taneca

na nanarse aaanorajcxe nnycrpauaje H apryvetrra npHJIH'IHO 'IeCTH.24_{AHaJIOrHje cy ce xarxan H3JIaraJIe ca 3HaTHOM}

,0;0-MHllIJbaTollihy (xao nnp. OHa XHnOJIHTOBa 0 AHaKcHMeHy H3 xoje npeHOCHMO ca-MO neo y npenony AaMHpa CaJIOneKa: "Ka:>Ke na ce snajesne He

oxpehy

non 3e-MJbY, ... Hero OKO 3eMJbe, HCTO xao llITO ce OKO Halle rnase OMaTa nOBOj". .IJ.KI3A7), H CBaKaKO cy HMaJIe

onrosapajyhy

Ba:>KHOCT aa rrpse MMCJIHOQe. OHe no-nexan Mory na aa 3aHHMJbHB Ha'lHH ooacjajy HeKO cyBonapHo nanaraa.e MJIH na onaxurajy pasysreaaa.e nexor 'reurxor npemrera. OHe Mory 6HTH xopncne H y ua-roaeurraaarsy HeKHX CHHTe3a HJIH

nocyhaaan.y

reHepaJIH3aQHja.25

Hexe

0,0; OBHX OQeHa carypao ce Mory O,o;HOCHTH H aa noxreayry TaJIeCoBy

nporo-arranornjy,

qHHH HaM ce na ce H3 nasenenor MeCTa y

13.

rJIaBH

II

KlbHre cnaca

0

netiy

MO:>Ke jour neurro HllI'IHTaTH.

Tanec

je, aKO je TO ,o;OHCTa pexao, nOHy,o;HO npsa He-MHTOJIOlliKH onrosop na

crajahn

np06JIeM y Ta,o;allIlboj rpnxoj HaYQH. Taj np06JIeM je KO,o; ApHCTOTeJIa H3JIO:>KeH ca H3BaHpe,o;HOM JIYQH,o;HOllihy

(Cael.294aI2-20).

ABa

rrpeosnahyjyha

MHllIJbelba H nse oxarnenae HCTHHe

yspoxyjy onronapajyhy

nore-urxohy.

fIpBO, 3eMJba je, HeMa cysm.e, y cran.y MHpOBalba H npyro, 3eMJba ce na-JIa3H y cpemmrry cBeMHpa.26TaJIeCOBO peuren.e napanoxca, ,,3eMJba JIe:>KH na BO-na", He Hy,o;H 6eCMHCJIeHe rnpns,e, rtorryr KceHoepaHOBHX

(Cael.294a23),

seh

paua-OHaJIlIO Tpa:>KH onrosop, HCTHHa,nopa-ryha,o;pyry Te3Y ua je 3eMJba y

cpennurry."

2. PaQwoHaJIHHX TyMa'lelba

ysobea.a

none xao

a(}xf;

-a HMa,

raxobe,

HeKOJIHKO: a) To cy najnpe OHa xoja

cncuaa.y

nocpenan-ncy ynory

Xnrrona

6) fIOTOM OHa xoja ce ocnan.ajy na nOKpeTJbWBOCT H JIaKy npeTBOpJbHBOCT none,

H

Q)

Ona

xoja uonesyjy sony ca w,o;ejoM :>KWBOTa.

24Hajrnaconrrrnjcananornje MCljynpecoxparonnaaaCC, neponarno, HaJla3C y EMnC)"IOKJlOBI1M rppar-MCHTI1Ma (}J;K 31E84 11 E100). AJlI1 npasrepa Mory 611TI1nponahenaKO)"l rOTOBO cnaxor panor

rp-r-xorMI1CJlI1Ol~a.

25Hapasno,ananorajcxov 113J1araILy MI1CJlI1, a OC0611TO 3aKJhy'IlIBaH,y no aaanoraju, ce nopen n0311-TI1BHI1XKBaJlI1¢I1KaI~l1ja Moryaspeha11onronapajyhanpl1rOBOpl1. OCHOBHI1 HCnOCTaTaK 3aKJhY'IKa no auanoraja jc u.crona Hcnoy3)"1aHOCT, xoja je HapO'II1TO aspaaceua aKO jcnameyKylIHO anaa,c 0 npCnMCTI1Ma 0 xojavasaxn.y-ryjeuono ananoraja CKpOMHO, 3aTI1M, aKO je 6poj n03HaTlIX CJlI1'IHO-CTI1 Mcljy IhI1Ma MaJlI1, 11 KOHa'IHO, aKO cy H,I1XOBa 3ajcnHI1'IKa cnojcrna MalhC 611THa on OHI1X xoja 11M HI1CY 3ajC)"IHI1'!Ka.

26Tp-ncapc'!p,c-relJJeO,(Cael.294a14,294a16) CCM IIITO 3Ha'II1 "YBI1C )"I113a'm", "nO)"ll1rHYT", I1MaJOIII jC)"IHO 3Ha'ICIhC KOjC y HCIIITO CJl(60)"lHI1jCM IIpCBO)"ly rnacn: "OHO nITO Jlc6nl1 y CpCnl1HI1 nasnyxa"(p,BTa,

EWea11J111a;wea).Haure jc MI1IllJhCIhC na jc API1CTOTCJI I1Mao y Bl1ny OBO nOCJlc/\IhC 3Ha'ICIhC na naa HaBCnCHa MCCTa.YnpesonyM. Tacnha onaj 6HTaH ccrsrerrr naje Ha3Ha'ICH. ApI1CTOTCJI,0 uetiy, Fparpoc, Beorpau1990, CTp. 65.

27TaJlCCOBI1 lIaCJlCnHI1I~I1, npascehyjyha IICnpl1KJlal1110cT IhcrOBC TC3C, Hynl1J111 cy npyrapemeu.a. 11

caM API1CTOTCJI jc y uacrasxy noaeayror TCKCTa Kpl1'fHKOBaOTancca,aJlI1 CBC OBO, no nasra, HC

Mp )KCJhKO Kanybeponnh: TAJIEC - POJJ:OHA '-IEJIHI1K <l>I1JI030<I>I1JE

a) CIIMnJIIIKIIjc HaM IIpCHOCII

(Phys.23,

21 ,r:J;KI1A13) Il3BO));C Il3 jC));HOr

Teorppa-CTOBor CIIIlca y KOjCM ce

Tanec

Il XIlIIOH 3ajC));HO rpernpajy xao p0));OHa'lCJIHIlI~Il CTaBa na je BO));a MaTcpIljaJIHIl y3pOK

csera, Xanon

je ayrop KOjIl je HCr));C y npyroj IIOJIOBIlHII IICTor BCKa npc name epe O)KIlBCO Il MO));IIcP"KoBao TaJICCoBy anejy 0 BO));Il xao HaqCJIy. Ka)KCMO MO));IIcP"KoBao C 063IlpOM na TO na CC ys lbcrOBO IlMC 'IeCTO BC3yjC TC3a 0 rrocrojan.y nna Ha'lCJIa: jC));HOM TOIIJIOM (sarpa) Il jC));HOM XJIa));HOM (BO));a), IlJIIl CC IIaK CIIOMIllbC xao Ha'lCJIO, na jenan ));OCTa HCO));PCl)CH Ha-'IIlH, HCKa anara (,r:J;K38A3, 38A10; 38A6). MO)KCMO CC yrrararn KaKBy TO IIOCPC));-HIl'lKY ynory MO)KC na arpa MIlCJIIlJIall, KOjIl je CBOjc CTaBOBC Il3HOCIlO

aajnaa,e

BCK, a Mo)K));a Il BIIWC, HaKOH

Taneca?

3ap CTBapIl HC 6Il .rpeoano TYMaqIlTIl na 06pHyT Ha'IIlH? Y TCOcPpaCTOBOM

cxpaheaou

IIpIlKa3Y TaJICCOBOr CTaBa KOP"CT" CC BCO-Ma CJIII'IHa cPpa3COJIOrIlja xao y ApIlCTOTCJIOBOM Il3BCWTajy Il3

Met.

983618-27. Y lbcMy CC, IIIIaK, nonaje jour jenna IIpcTIIocTaBKa sa TaJICCOB Il360p BO));C xao Ha'IC-JIa, a TO je na cc "MpTBall,Il cyure"

(Ta.

VcxeOUIJ-cva f'YJea/vcTaI) (,r:J;Kll A13.18).28

HCKIl cy CMaTpaJIIl na je osaj ));CO, y CTBapII, npnnonar OA CTpaHC APIlCTOTC-JIa, KOjIl je snao aa XIlnOHOBC CTaBOBC, a nOTOM npener AaJhC KO));

Teocppacra

Il CIlMnJIIlKIlja. )l,OCTa cPIlJI030cPa je aa oCHOBy Moryhcr XIlnOHOBor ayropcrsa osor ));O));aTKa Il3BCJIO 3aKJhY'laK na je npB06IlTHa nepsaja 0 BO));II sao Ha'ICJIy CBIlX CTBa-pII uajnpe 6IlJIa Il3JIO)KCHa KO)); castor XIlIIOHa, na 6Il TCK nOTOM 6HJIa npojexrosa-na ynpojexrosa-nasan, 0)); CTpaHC HCKor

nepnnarera-rapa

HJIH JIH'IHO ApHCTOTCJIa, na

Taneca.

MH HHCMO CKJIOHH na

noaepyjeno

y OBy BCP3Hjy.

Hajnpe

360r 'lHlbCHHlI,C na CBC UITO ce 3Ha 0 XIInoHy BCOMa je OCKYAHO II npIIJIH'IHO nenoysnano, rra je Moryhc no-CYMlbaTII y ayTcHTwlHOCT CBaKC, HJIII rOTOBO CBaKC, Il3pC'ICHC TBPAlbC Y BC31I ca lblIM.

Ilan.e,

MO)KC 6IlTH na je XIIIIOH IIMaO CHa)KHO "IICHXOJIOWKO H cPII31I0JIOIllKO" IIHTcpCCOBalbC xao IllTO TO 6CJIC)KII ApHCTOTCJI

(De an.40561-5).

AJIIl na jc OH IIpCHCO ca XIlIIoHa na

Tarreca

TaKOKpYI~IljaJIHIlCTaB ca KOjIlM 3aIIO'lHlbC csojXOI~ 'IIlTaBa 3aIIa):\Ha cPIlJI030cPIlja ACJIyjc HaM xpajn,e Hcy6c):\JhIlBO, MaKap Il 360r IIoAa-TKa na je 0 YMHIlM

cnocooaocraua

'IOBCKa 0 KOMC je PC'I (XIlnOHa) ApIlCTOTCJI IlMao BCOMa HHCKO MHWJhClbC.

Kana

y

Met.984a2-3

Ka)KC na ce

Tanec

TaKO nsja-CHIlO 0 IIpBOM Y3POKY, CTarIlpaHIIH O));MaX IIOTOM nonaje

(Met.984a3-5)

Il na XIlIIO-na HIlKO HC 6Il yBpCTIlO MCl)y TaKBC MIICJIIlOll,C, a TO 06pa3JIa)KC IIPllJIWIHO OIllTpOM KOHCTaTall,lIjoM na je pa3JIOr TOMC 6C3BPCAHOCT XlInOHOBIIX MHCJIII.29

6) Pa3JIOr KOjII jc HCKHM MOACpHIlM MIICJIIlOll,IIMa Il3rJICAaO BCOMa y6CAJhIlB jc 'lIllbCHIIlI,a na je BOAa jCAIlHa raap xoja MO)KC y 3aBIICHOCTH OA

npoueae

TCMIIC-parype MClbaTI1 CBa TpIl arperaraa cran.a: '1BPCTO, TC'IHO Il raCOBIlTO. Y3 OBO je I1WJIa Il KOHCTaTall,Hja na jc Ta nojasa 6HJIa O'ICBIIAHa, na H cKcncpHMCHTaJIHO npo-BCpJhIIBa, H y TaJICCOBO BpCMC.30CyMlbaMo, nnax, na je

Tanec

HMao OBaKaB n03H-THBHo-Hay'lHlI

rtpncryrt

npHJIHKOM

paswarpaa,a

CTBapH, II na jc 113 aHaJIH3C pa3HIlX XCMl1jCKIIX npoueca H3BOAII0 CBOjC cPIIJI030cPCKC 3aKJhY'IKC.

B) TYMaqClbC xoje je BcpOBaTHO Haj6JIlI)Kc TaJICCOBOM BHl)ClbY CTBapIl jc OHO xoje TC3Y Aa je BOAa Ha'lCJIO csera H3BOAIl H3 KOHCTaTall,Hjc Aa OHa cyurnmcxa

28Onaj J\OJ\aTaKMO)((I~a nMa HCKC BC3C ca XnIlOHOM KOMe ce npnnncyje cnn-ma rnpnn.ayJJ:K38All

Anon. JIoJlJ\.xI, 22, rj. YjC1IHOM I1CpnrraTCTll'IKOM ll3BOPY.

29Hnnrra 6J1a)((11 APIICTOTCJI aaje HIIyDe anA0562,jep n TaMO sa Xnnona Ka)((C na je "l\ocaJ\HlIjlI"

("rrpocTlIjlI")(ipOeTf){(;'rceWv).

IlEJJ:ArOlIlKA CTBAPHOCT, LIT, 3-4 (2006), HOBl'! Call

na pa3JIHqlITe aasnne

sa

)KlIBOT, llITO ce yo-rasa II lI3

Met.983618-27.

Beaa

lI3Meljy TOnJIOTe II )KlIBOTa )KlIBlIX 6lIha, BlIAJblIBa II rOJIlIM OKOM, 6lIJIa je narnauraaaaa xao CYlliTlIHCKa II Kay3aJIHa y aHTlIqKOM csery MHoroname Hero llITO je TO nanac

cny-raj.

AplICTOTeJI caM rosopa, na APyroM MecTy, 0 ,,)KlIBOTHOj TOnJIOTlI"

(:7e(1{J-oT'Yj;

!/;vx1xn)

(rA762a20)Y

IIplIJIlIKOM CMpTIi nexor )KlIBOr 6lIha ABe crsapa cy ce OAMax AeIlIaBaJIe. TeJIo ce XJIaAlI II lICTOBpeMeHO nocraje CyBO. Pe-r

U'Y(10;

yCJIeA OBlIX aco-uajauaja y rpqKOM yMy je 6lIJIa peq ca 60raTlIM 3HaqelheM II nnje je TaKO jenno-CTaBHO 3aMeHlITlI ca HeKlIM HaIlIlIM eKBlIBaJIeHTOM.

Carypno

je Haj60Jbe npesecra je ca "MOKap", "BJIa)KaH", "BOAeH" aJIlI y3 CTaJIHO

noncehan,e

na n.erony

ceuan-TlIqKY n03aAlIHy.32

OHO IlITO he sepoaarao OCTaTlI ennrva aa CBa apexreaa je KaKO II rne nony-hll I.I,pTY xoja he pasrpamrta'ra OHO IlITO je lI3BOpHO TaJIeCOBO OA oaora llITO npeu-CTaBJba CTarlIpaHlIHOB MlIcaOHIi ynJIlIB. JIerliTlIMHO

pexoacrpymnyha

perxa II epparMeHTapHa caenoxersa 0

Tanecy

AplICTOTeJI je YCTBPAlIO na je BOAa srarepa-jaJIHlI y3pOK lIJIlI nepsacrearna cyncrpar csera.

Ila

CBe nacraje lI3 BOAe II na CBe jecre BOAa na HeKlI Ha'IlIH, KaKO ce na YCTaJbeH HaqlIH aarepnperapa

Tanec,

HlIje Hy)KaH aJIlI je caCBIIM BaJIlIAaH sarosysax, 6e3 063lIpa na TO na JIll je TO oparnaa-JIaH TaJIeCOB AonplIHOC IIJIlI je AplICTOTeJI

cau

TO 1I3BeO y OACyCTBy npyrnx AOAaT-HlIX lIHepopMaI.l,lIja.

Ho,

aKOje BOAa jenaa II jenana cyncrpar, mrraa,e je 3aIlITO ce OH nojaan.yje y MHOIlITBY 06JIlIKa, a He xao CTaTlIqaH II YKOqeH CBeT? OTKYA xperaa.e II rrpouena y TOM csery? AplICTOTeJIy je 1I3rJIeAaJIO HenplIXBaTJblIBO na caMO

nonnexehe

6yp,e

y3pOK concrsene npouene

(Met.984a21-22).

Hnax,

OHO IlITO je AplICTOTeJIy AeJIOBa-JIO HeBepOBaTHO, Malhe lIJIlI BlIIlIe je npeACTaBJbaAeJIOBa-JIO BlIljelhe csera OA crpaue

MIIJIe-haaa."

AKO )KeJIlIMO na

pasyaeuo

epllJI030epe npapone lI3

VI

sexa npe H.e. MopaMo ce OCJI060AlITlI aTOMlICTlIqKe KOHI.I,enI.l,lIje MpTBe rnapa xoja ce MeXaHlIqKlI

xpehe,

II jour BIIIlIe sapresajaacxor AyaJIlI3Ma srarepaje II

nyxa,

3a

Taneca,

AaKJIe, naje no-crojana HlIKaKBa aaeprna TBap xoja 6lI OHAa JIOmqKOM Hy)KHOIlIhy 3aXTeBaJIa pas-neooy npnor aaxena na MaTeplIjaJIHlI II eeplII.I,lIjeHTHlI eJIeMeHT. IIplIJIlIKOM npnxaa-raa,a none xao jennaor asnopa nocrojarsa

ayronarcxa

ce lIMaJIa y BlIP,y, 6apeM y IICTOM 06lIMY, II rsena anxepenraa M06lIJIHOCT. YKpaTKo, CTaHOBlIIlITe AplICTOTeJIO-BlIX najpanajax nperxonnaxa je jonr yBeK npnnanarro A06y xana mrje 6l1JIO HlIKaKBe 036lIJbHe AlICTlIHKI.I,lIje 1I3Meljy nyxoanor II TeJIeCHOr, )KlIBOr II He)KlIBor.34

31 Tp-ncapC'I

if;uxiJ

aajnemhe je3Ha'UIJIa II "lIyma" II ,,)KllBOT". JJ:yIIla jc 6llJla )KllIlOTHllq)JIYlll~ xojaje CIIOJba aaj-rernhe 6llJIa IIpllMCTHa xao xpn, am'! II na IIPyrc Ha'UIHC, xao nacaa,e II xao TOIIJIOTa, xoja cy 6llJlllnparaonn )KllBOTa.

32TcPMllH iJiJwe (ll iJiJaTo,) CTampaHHHynorperin.ana yCael.294a28, 294a32, 294a33, 294a34, 29461, 29463-4;Met.983621 , 983627, 996a9. A TCPMllHureau(aureoi,)yMet.983623,983626, 983627. 33 Casmnnxaje jc, 'UIHll HaM CC, rpCIIIllO Kalla je TBPlIllO(Phys.180,14)na je KOII Tancca, xao IJITO jc TO

cnyuaj KOII AHaKCllMeHa, CIlC nacrajano nouohy aryura.anan.a II paspchaaau,a IhCrOIlOr MaTcplljaJI-nor yspoxa, IlpOTC3alhC oMaTcplljaJI-nor McxaHll3Ma a ua Taneca jc nepoaarao 3aCHOllaHO na IIpCIlHlnC pnrmi-HOM TyMa'Iclhy I1llXOTOMlljCna'rey ApllCTOTCJIOIlOj<PU3UWl(187a12-23). 'ICPHllC TIlPl1llnaIIll caM ApllCTOTCJI nnje llMao nuxaxnnx CIlCIIO'IaHCTalla0IIpOTC3alhY osor McxaHll3Ma na Taneca. H.

Cher-niss,Aristotle's Criticism of Presocratic Philosophy, New York 1964,p.365.

34 JJ:aTancc unje OC06llTO Mapllo aa pa3JIHKy II 0I1HOC )KllIlO-HC)KllIlO narnacao je HJJ:. Jlaepruje, OCJIa-n.ajyha ce IIpC cnera na ayroprrrer ApllCTOTCJIa II Xarrnje, noaann.ajyhn npanep ca MarnCTOM, a

Mp)KeJhKOKanyhepoaah: TAflEC - POP;OHAqEflHI1K<I>I1fl030<l>I1JE

Hs

OBHX

paanora

H3pa3 "XHJI030H3aM",

xoja

je 06HlJHO 6HO

npnnacaaaa

MHJIehaHHMa, 6HO je KpHTHKoBaH xao onaj KOjH BOAH Y rrorpenmoxr cxrepy, na Te-MeJbY rora na OH

ynyhyje

na 'reopnje xoje H3PHlJHTO nOpHlJY onaojeny peaJIHOCT Ayxa H

srarepaje."

I1aBJIOBHh xasce na ce OBHM H3pa30M cyrepmne rta cy jOHCKH qHlJI030qm npnpone pa3JIHKOBaJIH AYX H MaTepHjy, IlITO, no lheMy, nnje 6HJIO TalJ-HO, H na OH crora nnje caCBHM aAeKBaTaH OHOMe IlITO ce

xohe

na 03HalJH.36 XHJIO-30H3aM, no naxsa, He yxasyje HH na nopauatse aJIH HH na aepHpMHcalhenojaosnor napa MaTepHja-AYX, a pa3JIOr TOMe je jenaocranan: orunrenosaaro je na JOlhaHH HHCy MHCJIHJIH Y THM xareropajaxra.

Y

lhHXOBHM rnasava panaje je epHrypHpaJIa nexa BpCTa nOMelliaHOCTH TeJIeCHOr H nyxosuor Tj. nyurennor eJIeMeHTa, nOIliTO je TO npesre xana je TeJIO 'reurxo 6HJIO 3aMHCJIHTH 6e3 nyuie, aJIH Ha.y6e3 TBapH. A nOlIITO H3pa3 XHJI030H3aM cyrepame crarse nyxa JbYAH KOjH OAHCTa HHCy HMaJIH ja-CHy KOHlI,enQHjy 0 pasnsojeaocra OBa ABa eJIeMeHTa, MHIlIJbelha CMO Aa ra rpeoa 3aAP)KaTH y ynorpeoa.

KHpK H PaBeH y 3aHHMJbHBoj aHaJIH3H XHJI030H3Ma xascy na ce osaj TepMHH H3pHlJe ca najsraa.e TpH Moryha H sacetiaa cTajaJIHIlITa:

1.

Ilpernocraaxa

(csecaa HJIH He) na cy CBe CTBapH, HanpOCTO, na HeKH aa-lJHH)KHBe.

2.

Beposaa,e

na je CBeT npoxcer )KHBOTOM, H na cy MHorH OA n.eronax AeJIO-na, KOjH ce nojann.yje xao He)KHBH, y craapn )KHBH.

3.

CKJIOHOCT na ce CBeT pasxrarpa xao QeJIHHa, KaKBO rOA Aa je n.eroao yCTpOjCTBO y AeTaJbHMa, xao jenan )KHBH

opranaaau,

I1pBO je xpaja.a, aJIH y CMHCJIy omnrepacnpocrparsene CKJIOHOCTH rp-rxor MHIlIJbelha He H HeMoryha, epopMa cseooyxnaraor npemraeaan,a.

Ilpyra

Te3a je, no lhHMa, OHa KOjOj je TaJIeCOBO sepoaan,e Haj6JIH)Ke.

Tpehe

CTaHOBHIlITe je HM-nJIHQHpaHo y crapaxr

reaeanourxau

Ha30pHMa 0 HCTOpHjH CBeTa, KOjH y BeJIHKoj MepH jour yBeK nponyscaaajy cnoje rpajaa,e, HCTHHa, y06JIHlJeHH y HOBy paQHOHa-JIH30BaHY epOPMY epHJI030epCKe KOCMoroHHje. ApHCTOTeJI je CBe TO pasuarpao y

Phys.25061l-15

rue, MO)KAa noceono ca TaJIeCOM aa yMy, noxasyje na je CBeCTaH na je Moryhe H OBaKBO CTaHOBHIlITe.37

Y

TaJIeCOBOM JIHKy, 3aKJbYlJHMO, cperno je yxounonosan CKJIaA TeMnOpaJI-nor H OHTOJIOIliKOr

iipuyca

pabaa.a

rpxxe MYAPOCTH. TeMnOpaJIHOr, jep AOHcTa HHKO 036HJbaH He cnopa Aa je "epHcwrap" H3 MHJIeTa, ca anpOKCHMaTHBHO onpe-l)eHHM BpeMeHOM )KHBJbelha H3Mel)y

624/3

H

546/5

rOA. npe H. e.

(npena

AnoJIOAO-py), y XpOHOJIOIliKOM CMHCJIy npna "Jby6HTeJb MYAPoCTH". OBa Te3a, HapaBHO, CTO-ja caxio yKOJIHKO ce npeTXOAHO npHXBaTH nocrynar na

Tanec jecre

epHJI030ep. Ha-llie je MHIIIJbelhe na 6H ce neonpasnano penyxosana MHJIehaHHHoBa BeJIHlJHHa H ana-raj aa esponcxy H csercxy AyXOBHy H KyJITypHy 6allITHHy yKOJIHKO 6H ce OH npesacxonno nocvarpao xao MYApaQ, HJIH xao acrpoaou, reosrerap, ,,6H3HHcMeH", nOJIHTHlJKH caBeTHHK, CBeTCKH nyTHHK, aanecenn caisap HJIH, KOHalJHO, nposrorep

)5F.Ueberweg,K.Praechter, Grundrifi der geschichte der philosophie I, Berlin 1909, s. 41;J. Burnet, Early

Greek Philosophy Cleveland 1962, p. 1211 13.

36E.ITanJIoBl1h, Ilpecotcpaiiictca uucao,nAATil,Beorpan 1997,C1p.17.

TIE)J,AfOlliKA CTBAPHOCT, LII, 3-4 (2006), HOBII Call

nay-nror Ayxa. OH, aKO CJIeAHMO Apl1CTOTeJIOB ayropnrer H CBeA01.laHCTBa, CBaKa-KO 3aY311Ma n01.laCHO MeCTO y

pahaa.y

qmJI030epHje 11 y OHTOJIOIlIKOM CMI1CJIy. Ta-JIeCOB ana-raj sa HaCTaHaK "rp1.lKOr 1.IYAa" He Tpe6a Tpa)/(I1TH y HeKI1M COepHCTI1L\I1-paHl1M 11

paspaheaua

certaetrrnua

n.eronor yxea,a 0 BOAH xaoapuxey ;jep Tora 11 anje MOrJIO 611TI1 y npOToepl1JI030epCKO apesre VI sexa npe H. e. BpeAHOC'T u.eroaor nspa-raja JIe)/(11 na npyroj CTpaHI1 Tj. y

npsou

3a6eJIe)/(eHOM noxynrajy na ce o6ja-CHI1 L\eJII1Ha csera aa jenan "npl1pOAHI1" 11 3HaHCTBeHI1 Ha1.lI1H, 6e3 nocpenoaaa.a 11

novoha

ApeBHHx MHTOBa 11 anrponoxroprpaax 6oroBa.

Y

OCTaJIOM, TaJIeCOBI1 KO-CMOJIOIlIKI1 Ha30pH 113HOCe na BHAeJIO caMy crsap rpnnosorpaje 11

onpehyjy

n.en

npanau

11 xapaxrep Kp03 'II1TaB npecoxparcxn rrepnon. OH je npBH CXBaTI10 CI1H-'rarsry 0 jeAHHcTBy Y pa3JII1L\H, 11 npI1TOM, 'IBpCTO ce

npxceha rrojua

jeAHHcTBa, nao onronop I1JII1 noxyiuao na o6jacHI1 o1.leBI1AHY pa3HoBpcHOCT MHOIlITBa.

Mnorn

MH-CJIHOL\11 cy HacTojaJII1 na pasysrejy HJIH 6apeM na OCBeTJIe MHOIlITBeHOCT xoja Hac oxpyxcyje, aJII1 Be'IHa MHJIehaHHHOBa sacnyra je y TOMe IlITO je AeTeKTOBao jeAHH-CTBeHI1 rrpnanun KOjH JIe)/(l1, I1JII1 JOIlI 6oJbe, nOAJIe)/(11 I1cnOA OBe casropaaysosnae MHOIlITBeHOCTI1. OTKPI1BIlIH npBo Ha'IeJIO csera 11 I1MeHyjyhl1 ra xao BOAY,

Tanecy

je onpasnaao npnrrana CJIaBa npaor epl1JI030epa y I1CTOpl1jH JbYAcKor pona, rj. pe-nyraunja "pOAOHa1.leJIHHKa ... epI1Jl03oepl1je"(af2X'YJ'Yo~ !f!IAo{/o!f!fa~,

Met.983620-21

).38

ApHCTOTeJl,

Kaiiieiopuje,

XpB. cseys. HaKJI., 3arpe6

1992.

ApI1CTOTeJI,

M

eiiaupusutca,

JIl16ep, 3arpe6

1988.

ApI1CTOTeJI,

Meiiuupusutca,

Kynrypa, Beorpan 1971.

ApI1CTOTeJI,

Meiiuupusutca

xa.nra A, CB. CI1M. Ml1pOT., Bp.

Ban.a 1989.

ApHCTOTeJI,

0

9YUlU.

Haioeop «a

cjJUJW30cjJUjy,

Hanpnjen,

3arpe6

1987.

ApHCTOTeJI,

0

uetiy,

Tpacpoc, Beorpan 1990.

ApHCTOTeJI,

Opzanon,

Kynrypa, Beorpan 1965.

Aristotelis Opera,

ex.rec. Immanuelis

Bekkeri,

ed. Acad. Regia

Borrusica,

I-V, Berlin

1831-1870.

HOBo nsnarse je npanpenno

O. Gigon,

Berlin

1970-1987.

CBI1 Apl1CTOTeJIOBI1 HaBOAI1 cy cpantsnnana npexra OBOM H3AalhY.

ApI1CTOTeJl,

Tlonuiiiutca,

JIl16ep, 3arpe6

1988.

Barnes, J.,

The Presocratic Philosophers I-II,

London

1979.

JS Ila je Tanccon cran 0 BOI1Il <jmJI030<pcKII pCJICBaHTaH, HaKOH ApllCTOTCJIa cy cvarpanu MHOI'll IIcTaKHyTll <pllJI030<pIl. Eno IIITa 0 TOMC Ka)J(C HIIp. Xercn (Mcalopuja tpunoeotbuje I, erp. 149):

" Tanecoociiiae aa je eoaa OHOiuiiiojeaiiconyiiuioUJlU, «ao uuiio cy ciiiapu zoaopuJlu, oa je iipun-HUa,jeciiie ¢1l/lOaO¢CKu, dninoeotbuia iiouuu.eca IVIlM, jep ce ca IbUM oonasu ao ceeciiiu 0iitoueaa lC{fHO jeciiie cyutiiiuna, OHO UUUo je uciitunuiiio, jeouuo IUZUO jeiioce6u U aa ce6e. "Flpen.H.

TIOIlO-11IIh. f.B.<I>. Xercrr,Hciiiopuja dninosotbujeI,611f3, 6corpaJll975, CTp. 149.

l.laK II HWIC, xojn Y CBOjllM JlpyrllM I\CJIllMa naje Gam rrpcTcpaHfI 3aCTynHIIK JIOrOI\CHTpWIKor yTCMC-n.ca.a <pIlJI(l30<Plljc, y i\CJIY </JuJloao¢llja y alpazll'LHoM pasootin-» Fptca (CTp. 19) name cncnche: " 'Iunu ce {faip-ucadnoioeoipujaeaiionun.e cjC{lIIOMaiicypauoscU{lCjOM, ca CIUa()OM aa je eoaa

iio-te-JlO U uajuunctco «puno caux ciiieapu. JJ.a JlU jc oouciiia iioiiipetiuoeaciiiaiuuIUy U yostiun.uiuu ce? Jeciue, U iuo us alpupaenoia: iipeo, eaiiio tuiiio uia] ciiiao «asy]« netuiiio 0iiosteayciiieapu; apyio, aaiiio IUlUO OH IUO 'IUHU tiee CJlUKe U tiajxe, U najsao - lupehc - sauio tuiiio je y toescy,tipeua«y ciiia-IVyynaxypeu.a, caapscanauucao: cae je jeauo. "TIPCB. 6. 3cl\.<P.HWIC,</J1l/lOao¢llja y iupaiuwiou

Mp)KeJbKOKanybeponnh: TAJIEC - PO,I.J;OHAl.JEJIHI1K <I>I1JI030<I>I1JE

Benseller, G. E.,

Griechisch-Deutsches Schul-Worterbuch,

Leipzig 1891. Bonitz, H., Seidl, H.,Aristoteles' Metaphysik I-II, Hamburg 1982.

Burnet, 1.,Early Greek Philosophy, Cleveland 1962.

Burnet,

J.,

Greek Philosophy Thales to Plato, London 1953.

Cherniss, H.,Aristotle's Criticism of Presocratic Philosophy, New York 1964.

Cherniss, H., "Characteristics and Effects of Presocratic Philosophy", p. 319-45, u: 10-urn. of the Hist. of Ideas 12, 1951.

Trypuh,

J.,

"IIpo6JIeM "ucKoHa" KOA ApUCTOTeJIa U n.eroanx npemnacaaxa", CTp. 271-275, y:(/JUflo3orjJcKa

uciiipascuean.a,

rOA.13, CB. 2, 3arpe61993.

Ilermh, E.,

,,0

TeWKOftaMa yu6eHUQKOr npnxaanaaa,a TaJIeCOBe ¢I1JI030¢uje", CTp. 199-208, y: TXEOPl1A rOA. XXVIII, 6p. 1-2, Beorpan 1985.

Diels, H., Kranz, W., Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker I-III, Weidmann 1985-1987.

Oils, H.,Predsokratovcifragmenti I-II, Naprijed, Zagreb 1983.

'Bypnh,

M. H., l1ciiiopuja

xenencxe eiiiutce,

3aB. sa YU6. U Hac. cpen., Beorpan 1990.

'Bypah,

M. H.,l1ciiiopuja

xenenctce taeusceenociiiu.

3aB. sa YU6. U Hac. cpe., Beo-rpan 1996.

Furley, D. J., Allen, R.

E.,

Studies in Presocratic Philosophy I-II, New York, London

1970-1975.

Gomperz, T., Griechische Denker I-III, Leipzig 1909-1912.

Guthrie, W. K.

c.,

A History of Greek Philosophy I-VI, Cambridge 1962-1981.

Hegel,G.V. F.,

lstorija

filozofije I-II, BIGZ, Beograd 1975.

Xeponor,

Hciiiopuja

I-II, MaT. cpn., H. CaA 1988.

XOMep,

Hnuiaaa,

I.p.o. MaT. cpn.,

H.

CaA 1985. XOMep,l1flujaga, H.3. MaT. XpB., 3arpe6 1987.

Jaeger, W., The Theology of the Early Greek Philosophers, Oxford 1967.

Kanyheposnh,)1(.,

Apuciiioiiien

U

iipeocotcpaiuoeuu,

KpuMeJI, H. CaA 2004. Kirk, G. S., Raven,

J.

E., The Presocratic Philosophers, Cambridge 1957.

Jlaeprnje,

)J,.,

)J{u6oiiiu U

uuuuuetea

uciiiaxnyiiiux

tpunoeodia,

EI1f3,

Beorpan

1973.

Liddel, H. G., Scott, R., Jones, H. S.,A Greek-English Lexicon, Oxford 1925.

Marfas, J.,History of Philosophy, New York 1967.

McDiarmid,J.B.,

.Theophrastus

on the Presocratic Causes", p. 178-238, u: D. 1. Furley, R. E. Allen, Studies in Presocratic Philosophy I, New York 1970.

HI1Qe,

<1>.,

(/JUflo3orjJuja y iiipaiul.{T-lOM

pasootin.y Fptca,

Fparpoc,

Beorpan

1979. IIaBJIoBuft, E.,

Tlpecotcpaiiictca uucao,

IIJ1ATD, Beorpan 1997.

Ilepoanh, M.

A., Hciiiopuja ipunosotpuje,

I'parpouenaa,

H. CaA 2003/4. Ilepoanh, M.

A., Ilpasciuu-uca ipunosodiuja,

I'padioveztaa,

H.

CaA 2004. IJJIaTOH,

Kpaiiiun,

Texa, 3arpe6 1976.

IIJIaToH, Teeiiieiii U (/Jufle6, Hanpnjen, 3arpe6 1979.

Ross, W. D.,Aristotle DE ANIMA, Oxford 1999.

Ross, W. D.,Aristotle's Metaphysics I-II, Oxford 1997.

Ueberweg, F., Praechter, K., Grundrifi der Geschichte der Philosophie I, Berlin 1909. )l(yI-bUft, C.,Apuciiioiiiefl U xenoaoiuja, Ilpocsera, Beorpan 1988.

TIEAAfOiliKA CTBAPHOCT, LIT, 3-4 (2006), HOBIICaA

Zeljko Kaluderovic, M. A., Novi Sad

TALES - THE FOUNDER OF PHILOSOPHY

Summary

The author reasserts Aristotle's well-known statement about Tales, the founder of

philosophy. Careful analysis of Metaphysics, About Heavens and About Spirit can reveal

relevant paragraphs which support Stagiranin's thoughts about a wise man from Mileta

who was known as the founder of 'Greek Miracle'. While interpreting Aristotle's quoted

statements three thesis has been emphasized:

I)

The Earth is floating on the water

(Met. 983b21-22;

Cae1.294a28),

2)

Water

is material origin

of everything

(In

Met.983b19-21

water is considered as archeo, but previously in Met. 983b7 it was written

that most of early philosophers considered only solid things the principles of all the things

on the world), and

3)

The Gods inhabit all the things (De an.411a7-8; it is added that

magnet is alive because it can move the iron, De an.405a19-21). After the reconstruction

of Aristotle's notes on Tales, it is proved that his contribution to the philosophy could be

seen in the fact that he closely examined all the varieties of notional world and detected

the unique principle which is rooted under the self-understandable and obvious diversity.

In fact, after pronouncing water the first principle of the whole world, Tales tried to

ex-plain the entire universe in 'natural' and scientific way without myths and supernatural

forces and thus, he earned the reputation of 'the founder of philosophy' (Met. 983b20-21 ).

Key words: Aristotles, Tales, water, principle, material cause, the founder of

philo-sophy

M.p iKeJIbKo KaJIY)J,mepOBlIq, HOBbIH Ca,I.\

TAJIET - PO):(OHAlJAJIbHHK <DHJIOCOcDHH

Pessnre

ABTop B HaCT05l1l\eH TeKCTe 3aHOBO rrO,I.\TBep)K,I.\aeT H3BecTHYlO KOHCTaTaJ.\HIO

ApH-CTOTemI 0 Tanere KaK nepaosr epHJlOcoepe. BHHMaTeJlbHbIM aHaJlH30M KHHr

Memaipusu-«a,

0

uetie

H

0

oytue,

MO)KHO HaHTH Ba)KHble OTpblBKH rrO,I.\TBep)K,I.\alOII\He 3aMeTKH

CTa-rupannaa 0 MY,I.\peI.\e H3 MHJleTa KaK p0,I.\OHaqaJJbHHKe roro qTO rrOTOM Ha3BaHO

"rpeqe-CKHM qy,I.\OM". TOJlKY51 B HaCT05lll\eH pafiore narapyevsre 3aMeTKH ApHToTeJl5l,

BbI,I.\eJl5l-IOTC51

TpH reanca:

I)

3eMJl5I nnasaer aa BO,I.\e (Met.983b21-22; Cael.294a28),

2)

BO,I.\a

51BJl5IeTC51

MaTepHaJlbHOH OCHOBOH, npa-maoii scex semeii (B. Met.983bI9-21 pe-n, H,I.\eT

o BO,I.\e KaK archeu, a HeMHoro pansure BMet.983b7 rOBOpHTC51 0 TOM qTO 60Jlbllll1HCTBO

H3 nepnsix epHJlOCOepOB CqHTaJlO qTO TOJlbKO BO,I.\a HMeeT MaTepHaJlbHylO epOpMy H

5/BJl5I-eTC5/ aasanov scex serneit), H

3)

Bee semn aanonnenu 60raMH (De an.4lla7-8; asrop

,I.\06aBJl5/eT H TO qTO ManmT )KHBOH, TaK KaK 06J1a,I.\aeT CHJlOH nepenanrars )KeJle30, De

Mp)KCJbKOKaJIyl)cpoBllh: TAJIEC - PO,I],OHAl.JEJIHI1K <I>I1JI030<pI1JE

06Hapy)KeHO qTO ero snaseaae B epHnocoqlHH B TOM, qTO OH paCCMOTpeB BCe pasnooopa-3He MaTepHanbHoro MHpa OTKpbIn e):(HHHbIH npnanan KOTOpbIH ne)KHT, Haxo):(HTC5I nozt 51CHOH H caMOrrOH5ITHOH OqeBH):(HOH MHO)KeCTBeHHOCTH. Ha caMOM nene, HMeHy51 BO):(y KaK aasanoo scero,

Taner nonsrrancx

O):(HHM "eCTeCTBeHHbIM" H HayqHbIM crrocofioxt, rryTeM, 6e3 rrOMOIIJ,H MHepOB H ceepxsecrcrseanux CHn, 06051 CHHTb IJ,enOCTHOCTb yHH-aepcansaoro MHpa, H TaKHM 06pa30M aacnyzcan penyrarnuo .pononasansnaxa epHnoco-epHH"

(Met.983b20-21).

Onopnsie

cnosa:

Apncrorem., Taner,

sona, naxano, MaTepHanbHM npasnaa, po-):(OHaqanbHHK epHnocoepHH