ฟຊኚືᖜ

26

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2MethodforcalculatingtheamountofREdeployable (AlgebraicMethod)

Connectable amount (short-period) = Allowable amount of PV fluctuation / PV output fluctuation rate Rate

n Fluctuatio

n fluctuatio Demand

LFC in m adjustable Frequency

PV ࠉ

ࠉ ࠉ

ࠉ arg )² ( )² ( )²

(

[Required Specifications]

䐟

LFC adjustability

эOperation method/specifications for generator

䐠

Frequency adjustable margin эTotal demand (kW) эSystem constant (% kW / Hz) эAllowable frequency fluctuation range (Hz)

䐡

Demand fluctuation

эDemand data (resolution: a few seconds)

䐢

PV connectable to the grid (fluctuation rate) эSolar radiation intensity data

(resolution: a few seconds) Demand fluctuation

PV

Output fluctuation range PV

Rated intro. amount

Frequency adjustable margin

LFC adjustability Fluctuation rate

ShortPeriodConstraint

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2MethodforcalculatingtheamountofREdeployable (AlgebraicMethod)

DefinitionofPVoutputfluctuationrangeandchangerate

28 0

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

0 20 40 60 80 100

95.4% (2)

99.7% (3)

(%) Solar irradiance(kW/m2)

ShortPeriodConstraint

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2MethodforcalculatingtheamountofREdeployable (AlgebraicMethod)

AboutProbability(3)

P (%MW) = P (MW) / total rated output of parallel input generators

K (%MW/Hz) 㸻P㸭F K

㸸

system constant

㻾㼑㼟㼡㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠 㻻㼞㼕㼓㼕㼚㼍㼘㻌㼒㼞㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼥䠄㻴㼦䠅 㻮㼛㼠㼠㼛㼙㻌㼒㼞㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼥䠄㻴㼦㻕 㻲㼞㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼥㻌㼐㼑㼢㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚䠄㻴㼦㻕 㻰㼞㼛㼜㼛㼡㼠㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼛㼞㻌㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠䠄㻹㼃㻕 㼀㼕㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼎㼛㼠㼠㼛㼙㻌㼒㼞㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼥㻔㼟㻕 㻱㼚㼐㻌㼒㼞㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼥䠄㻴㼦㻕

㻿㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠 㻿㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠䠄䠂㻹㼃㻛㻴㼦㻕

㻡㻜㻚㻜㻡

㻠㻥㻚㻤㻣

㻣㻚㻥㻥 㻠㻥㻚㻞㻝

㻜㻚㻤㻠 㻠㻚㻝㻠 㻝㻚㻟㻞

㼀㼑㼟㼠㻌㼟㼕㼠㼡 㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚

㼀㼕㼙㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠

㻾㼡㼚 㼀㼞㼕㼜

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻤㻮 㻢㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻞㻝 㻢㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻟㻝 㻢㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻠㻝 㻢㻚㻜㻜

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻡㻝 㻤㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻢㻝 㻤㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻝㻝 㻢㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻞㻝 㻢㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻟㻝 㻢㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻠㻝 㻤㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻡㻝 㻤㻚㻜㻜 䕿

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻤㻮 㻠㻚㻡㻜

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻞㻝 㻞㻚㻜㻢 㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻟㻝 㻠㻚㻟㻝 㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻠㻝

㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻡㻝 㻢㻚㻠㻥 㻿㻱㼀㻌㻭㻢㻝 㻢㻚㻡㻥 㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻝㻝 㻠㻚㻠㻣 㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻞㻝 㻠㻚㻡㻟 㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻟㻝 㻠㻚㻜㻡 㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻠㻝 㻢㻚㻣㻞 㻿㻱㼀㻌㻮㻡㻝 㻣㻚㻞㻢

㻰㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㻌䠄㻹㼃㻕 㻡㻜㻚㻥㻤

㻝㻢㻛㻜㻟㻛㻞㻜㻝㻢㻌㻥㻦㻝㻣

㻾㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㻻㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌䠄㻹㼃㻕

㻳㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼛㼞㻌㻻㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌䠄㻹㼃㻕

The formula below expresses the relationship between power fluctuation of the grid P and frequency fluctuation. Here, constant value is defined as the system constant. If the system constant for the grid is known, the amount of power fluctuation that occurred can be inversely calculated from frequency deviation.

The algebraic method uses the system constant, which was estimated when conducting a load rejection test to calculate the allowable adjustable margin, to calculate the value for the maximum allowable power fluctuation.

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2 MethodforcalculatingtheamountofREdeployable (AlgebraicMethod)Resultofloadrejectiontest

ShortPeriodConstraint

30

ShortPeriodConstraint

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2 MethodforcalculatingtheamountofREdeployable (AlgebraicMethod)Resultofloadrejection

49.3 49.4 49.5 49.6 49.7 49.8 49.9 50.0 50.1 50.2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

MW

DumpLoadtestinMahe(4MW)

ShortPeriodConstraint

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2 MethodforcalculatingtheamountofREdeployable (AlgebraicMethod)Resultofloadrejectiontest

32

䐥㻭㼘㼘㼛㼣㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼍㼙㼛㼡 㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼃㼕㼚㼐 㻢 㻚㻜 㻜㻌㻹㼃㻌

䐨㻭㼘㼘㼛㼣㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼍㼙㼛㼡 㼚䡐㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼂

䐤㼃㼕㼚 㼐㻌㼛㼡 㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌㼒㼘㼡 㼏㼠㼡 㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚 㻞 㻚㻠 㻠㻌㻹㼃㻌

䐣㻰㼑㼙㼍㼚 㼐㻌㼏㼔 㼍㼚㼓㼑 㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑

䐩㻼㼂㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚 㼓㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑 㻜㻚㻤 㻟 㻚㻜 㻜㻌㻹㼃㻌

䐠㻸㻲㻯 㻜㻚㻜㻌㻹㼃㻌 䐡㻭㼐㼖㼡 㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑 㻌㻲㼞㼑㼝㼡㼑 㼚㼏㼥㻌㻹㼍㼞㼓㼕㼚

㻟 㻚㻜㻜 㻌㻹㼃㻌

䐦㼃㼕㼚㼐㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚 㼓㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑 㻜 㻚㻠 㻜㻣

㻞 㻚㻜㻌㻹㼃㻌 䐧㻼㼂㻌㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌㼒㼘㼡 㼏㼠㼡 㼍㼠

㻝㻚㻢㻌㻹㼃㻌

㻜㻚㻣㻜 㻌㻹㼃㻌

㻭㼘㼘㼛㼣㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㼒㼘㼡 㼏㼠㼡 㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚 Totalfluctuation ofPVandWind

䐟 㼀㼛㼠㼍㼘㻌㼐㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐 㻡㻜㻚㻜 ^㻹㼃

䐠 ^㻸㻲㻯 㻜㻚㻜 ^㻹㼃

䐡 㻭㼐㼖㼡㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㻲㼞㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼥㻌㻹㼍㼞㼓㼕㼚 㻟㻚㻜 ^㻹㼃

䐢 㻿㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼠㼍㼚㼠 㻤㻚㻜 ^䠂㻛㻴㼦

䐣 㻰㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑 㻜㻚㻣 ^㻹㼃

䐤 㼃㼕㼚㼐㻌㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌㼒㼘㼡㼏㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚 㻞㻚㻠 ^㻹㼃 䐥 㻭㼘㼘㼛 㼣㼍㼎㼘㼑 㻌㼍㼙 㼛 㼡 㼠 㻌㼛 㼒㻌㼃 㼕㼚 㼐 㻢㻚㻜 ^㻹㼃

䐦 㼃㼕㼚㼐㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑 㻜㻚㻠 ^㻙

䐧 㻼㼂㻌㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌㼒㼘㼡㼏㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚 㻝㻚㻢 ^㻹㼃 䐨 㻭㼘㼘㼛 㼣㼍㼎㼘㼑 㻌㼍㼙 㼛 㼡 㼚 䡐㻌㼛 㼒㻌㻼㼂 㻞㻚㻜 ^㻹㼃

䐩 㻼㼂㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑 㻜㻚㻤 㻙

㼀㼛㼠㼍㼘㻌㼍㼙㼛㼡㼚 㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻾㻱 㻤㻚㻜 ^㻹㼃

ShortPeriodConstraint

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2 MethodforcalculatingtheamountofREdeployable (AlgebraicMethod)Resultofloadrejectiontest

Whensystemdemandislow, itisdifficultinterconnectPVduetosmallsystem constant.

㻹㼍㼔㼑㻌㻵㼟㻚 㻰㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐 㻔㻹㼃㻕

㻼㼂㻌㻲㼘㼡㼏㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㻔㻑㻕

㻼㼂 㻔㻹㼃㻕

㼃㼀 㻔㻹㼃㻕

㻾㻱㻌 㻔㻹㼃㻕 㻼㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥

䠄㻥㻡䠂䠅

㻟㻞

㻤㻜

㻜

㻢

㻢

㻠㻜 㻜 㻢

㻡㻜 㻞 㻤

㻝㻢㻛㻜㻟㻛㻞㻜㻝㻢 㻡㻜 㻝㻜㻜 㻝㻚㻢 㻢 㻣㻚㻢

㻼㼞㼍㼟㼘㼕㼚㻌㻵㼟㻚 㻰㼑㼙㼍㼚㼐 㻔㻹㼃㻕

㻼㼂㻌㻲㼘㼡㼏㼠㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌 㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㻔㻑㻕

㻼㼂 㻔㻹㼃㻕

㼃㼀 㻔㻹㼃㻕

㻾㻱㻌 㻔㻹㼃㻕 㻼㼞㼛㼎㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥

䠄㻥㻡䠂䠅

㻠㻚㻡

㻤㻜

㻜㻚㻠㻝

㻜

㻜㻚㻠㻝

㻡㻚㻡 㻜㻚㻡㻜 㻜㻚㻡

㻢㻚㻡 㻜㻚㻡㻥 㻜㻚㻡㻥

㻞㻟㻛㻜㻟㻛㻞㻜㻝㻢 㻢㻚㻡 㻡㻜 㻜㻚㻥㻠 㻜 㻜㻚㻥㻠

ShortPeriodConstraint

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2 MethodforcalculatingtheamountofREdeployable (AlgebraicMethod)Resultofloadrejectiontest

34

3.Supportareasfortheproject

3.2Maximumallowableamountofrenewables (UsingHomersoftware)

HOMER(HybridOptimizationofMultipleElectricRenewables).

HOMER simplifies the task of designing distributed generation (DG) systems both on and offgrid for a variety of applications.

Forconfigurationofthesystem,ithelpsindetermining:

䞉

Whatcomponentsdoesitmakesensetoincludeinthesystem design

䞉

Howmanyandwhatsizeofeachcomponentshouldbeused HOMER'soptimizationandsensitivityanalysisalgorithmsmakeit easiertoevaluatethemanypossiblesystemconfigurations.

LongPeriodConstraint

Simulation: At its core, HOMER is a simulation model. It will attempt to simulate a viable system for all possible combinations of the equipment that you wish to consider. Depending on how you set up your problem, HOMER may simulate hundreds or even thousands of systems.

Optimization: The optimization step follows all simulations. The simulated systems are sorted and filtered according to criteria that you define, so that you can see the best possible fits. Although HOMER fundamentally is an economic optimization model, you may also choose to minimize fuel usage.