233, 360 seq. ; Ritschl, 169 ; Schleiermacher, 64 God - consciousness in man,
Schleiermacher on, 95, 96, Good and evil, according to97
Strauss, 121
Good works, Ritschl on, 176 Gospel, the, Christology of, 136 ;
Hegelian conception of, I35 seq. ; narratives in, as myths, 118 ; Pietism-and, 139 : Reformation under- standing of, 139 ; Roman- ism and, 139; Romanti- cism and, I39
- St. Luke’s, as based on Marcion, 138
Gospels, synoptic, criticism of, Grace of God, the, 12 121 ; Barth on, 277; Feuerbach, 123 ; Hegel, 114, 123 ; Ritschl, 169 ; Schleiermacher, 96 ; Troeltsch, 205 ; rationalist exclusion of, 18
- free, apostolic teaching on, 96 ; the judgment of, 205 Great men, Hegel’s theory of, Greek philosophy as affecting109
Christ’s teaching, 15 HECEL and the Hegelians, 101
seq. ; dissentients from his views, 225 seq. ; his view of Christianity, 101 seq., Hegelianism, baseless hopes123 raised by, 111 ; Kierke- gaard’s distrust of, 225 seq. ; renascence of, 112 ; two points of interest in, 113-14
Hinduism, 213
Historical and Dogmatic meth- od in theology, Troeltsch on, 197
- positivism of Ritschl, 177 ff.
History, Philosophy of, I88 ; and Psychology of Religion, 183 seq. ; Scientific Reli-
gious, and Theology of, according to Troeltsch, 184 seq. ; as source for religion, 55-6 ; true understanding of, Christian declaration on, 204
Holy Spirit, the, antecedent presence of, 201 ; impart- ing of, as essential in R&elation, 281 ; views on, of Feuerbach, 126 ; Post- Reformation thinking, 7 ; Ritschl, 175-6 ; Schleier- macher, 78
Hope, mark of the Christian
” life, 308
Human life, successive levels of, in Kierkegaard’s theology, 228 seq.
Humanity “and the individual, 55 ; the true God-Man, 119
IDEALISM, Absolute, 191 ; philo- sophic, see Philosophical Renascence ; views on, of Hegel, 103, 112, 113, 114, 115, 191 ; Schleiermacher;
85 : Troeltsch. 191 Ideas, essential to knowledge, Identity mediated through dif-75 ference, Hegel on, 102-3 ; a philosophy of, in Schell- ing and Schleiermacher, Illusionism, according to Feuer-41 bath, 122, 128-9, 130;
Fichte, 26
Immortality, personal, views on, o f Schleiermacher, 55 ; Troeltsch. 209
Incarnation, ‘the, a mediaeval fancy on, 246 ; symbolic, 200 : views on. of Barth.
278; 299; Kierkegaard;
243 259 * Ritschl, 165 ; Trokltsch,20, 209 seq., 215 ; and the Word of God, 288 Individual, the (see also Ego), nature of, Schleiermacher on, 55
Individualism of Kierkegaard, 257, 258 ; moral, of Kant, Intuition, in religion, 46-723 Insichsein, of Biedermann, 131 Islam, 213, 216
JESUS, Mediatorship of, his own awareness of, Schleier- macher on, 56-7 ; the revelation of, what it means, according to Kierke- gaard, 242 ; teaching of, Rationalist attitude to, 15 Judaism, 56, 213
Justification by Faith, 11 ; views on, of Barth, 280;
Fichte, 27 ; Ritschl, 161, 167, 168-9, 176
KANT, Immanuel, significance of, for modern theology, 24 Kierkegaard, SGren, biographi-seq.
cal and literary references to, 218 seq. ; exaggera- tions of, intentional, 255 ; fundamental presupposi- tions of, 224 ; leading ideas put forth by, 230 seq. ; on personal Christianity as a form of suffering, 25’1 ; his reading of the Christian religio;, 235 seq. ; termin- ology, 219-20 ; work of, chief value of, 256 seq.
Kingdom of God, views on, of Ritschl, 151-2, 158, 172 ; on earth, Troeltsch on, 217 Knowledge, correspondences demanded by, Schleier- macher on, 38-9 ; emerg- ence of, Feuerbach on, 129 ; religion as distinct from, a c c o r d i n g t o Schleiermacher, 48, 49 ; theoretical and religious, contrast of, Ritschl on, I52 ; Kant’s theory of, 20, Kulturprotestantismus, error of,26
151
LANGUAGE, Otto on, 291
“ Law,” the, ignored by Schlei- ermacher, 96 ; inviolable, of the Cosmos, 182
“ Laws of history ” on periods following great movements, Life, negation of, Kierkegaard8
on, 253-4
Logic as used by Hegel, 116 Lordship over the world of
believers, Ritschl on, 170-l Love, God’s for man, Ritschl on, 158; as the essential Divine attribute, Schleier- macher on, 97-8
Lutheran and Calvinist, con- flicts of, 8
Lutheran and Reformed, the, difference between, 74 Lutheranism, the mediating
school in, 138
MAN, according to FeueFbach, 128 ; Bible dictum on, 113 ; Hegel’s conception of, 103; individually im- perfect collectively perfect, in Strauss’s view, 120 Manichaeism, 83, 237, 294 Marcion, Apocryphal Gospel of, Materialism as fallacy, 112 ;138 of
Strauss, 121
Mediatorship of Jesus, his awareness of, Schleier- macher on, 56-7
Metaphysic, exclusion of, from theology by Ritschl, 142, 143, 144 ; regulative, 144 Metaphysical, the, and the his-
torical, 110 Methodists, the, 12
Mind, communion of, with mind, Schleiermacher’s thirst for.
- and matter, not expressible35 in terms of each other. 113 Miracle, Feuerbach on, i26 ; Ritschl, 152 ; Schleier- macher, 44 ; Troeltsch, 202, 203
326
INDEX Miracles of Jesus, symboliccharacter of, 200 ; Ration- alist views on, 14, 16 Missionary work, Troeltsch on,
202, 206
Modern mind, the, Troeltsch’s knowledge of, I88
Modernism and the Word of God, 269, 288
Moderns, breaking away from Ritschlianism, 181
Monism, 111 ; idealistic, 106 : pantheistic, of Hegel, 102 ; Strauss, 121. 137
Moral consdiousness, power of, source of, 25
- law, views on, Chinese, 23 ; Kant’s, 23
- personality, Ritschl on, I73 - values, theology of, accord-
ing to Ritschl, 138 seq.
Moralism, Rationalistic, of Ritschl, 173 seq.
Morality, Religion as distinct from, 48 ; Schleiermacher on, 37
Moravianism, 32, 86
Mystery, Ritschl’s attitude to, Mystical experience, nature of,68160 Mysticism, 68 ; different types of, 146; and the Gospel, 139; Ritschl’s views on, 139, 144, 145, 146, 147 Mystics of all faiths, little
difference between, I45 Myth, Strauss on, 118 Mythology, 132
NATURA NATURANS of Spinoza, Natural Religion, 5851
- Science, 181 - Theology, 145, 147 Naturalism, 182 Nature, laws of, 55 - and Spirit,
view, 28, 29in Schelling’s Neo-Platonism, I5
New Life, the, 11
- Psychology, views of, pre- cursor of, 130
New Testament as supreme source of truth, 147 ; German commentary on, - - Criticism, 138, 139183 - - Science, debt of, to The
Enlightenment, 18 Norms of progress, how won,
192
OBJECTIVE thinking, Kierke- gaard’s attitude to, 224, Old Testament,the, Gnostic feel-225 ing as to, 110 ; Schleier- macher’s failure to under- stand, 70
- - religion, Hegel out of touch with, 110
Opposites, as moments in a living process of thought, Original Sin (see also Sin), 14,104 16, 84; Kant’s doctrine of, 25; Rationalist atti- tude to, 16, 17 ; Ritschl’s view of, 60, 77
Orthodoxy, Post-Reformation, 8, 9, 10 ; starting-point of, 61
PANTJIISISM, as a form of Piety, 50, 51; recent European, foundation of, 271 ; of Schelling, 81 ; Schleier- macher, 50, 51, 79, 82 ; Strauss, 119
Paradox, in Christian theology, 266 seq. ; Theology of, according to Kierkegaard, 218 seq.
Penitence, Hegel on, 116 ; Kierkegaard, 232 ; Ritschl, Pessimism, the philosopher of,160 Pharisaism, I77127
Phenomena, Kant’s dictum on, Philosophical Renascence, the,20 19 seq. ; idealism of, I9 ; Rationalism of, 11, 13 seq.
INDEX
327
Philosophy, as final court of Rationalistic ideal, dead uni- appeal, 142-3 ; and reli- formity of, 56
g&n, 106 ; of Religion, in Troeltsch’s view. 194 sea Pietism, 11 seq. ; eighteenth-
century, 6 ; and the Gos- pel, 139 ; Ritschl’s view of, 139, 140
Piety, according to Schleier- macher, 48, 49-50, 52, 58-9, 64, IOO, 101
- in feeling, 44, 62, 63, 101 ; without the idea of God, 51, 52, 64
tion of, 2 7
Post-reformation neriod. theo- Platonism, 15, 216
Poetry, Wordsworth’s defini-
Real, the, as the rational, 190-l Reality, the secret of, 29 Reason, 114 ; Materialist as-
sumptions on, 17 ; and religion, reconciliation of, Hegel on, 106-7 ; and Revelation, Troeltsch on, 187-8
Reconciliation (see also For- giveness), Barth on, 277, 279 ; Christ as the, 279 ; according to Hegel, 106,
cher’s- use of the term, 91 107, 228 ; Ritschl on,
Redemntion bv Christ. nroner 161-2, 177 ; Schleierma-
logical stagnation of, 9 mganing o-f, 70 ; $nh sub- Prayer, 187 ; communion of, stitution, Schleiermacher -Rationalist exclusion of, 23 ; on, 91-2 ; views of Barth, and Dogmatic, 273 views; 299; Biedermann, 132, on, of Schleiermacher, 92 ff. 133; Schleiermacher, 60, Predestination, 9 69, 70; Troeltsch, 299 Private iudgment. rinht of. I7 Reformation. the. doctrine of Prolegomeni, Barth’s book on, the Trinity taken over by,
275 78
Prophecy, 202 - a n d P o s t - R e f o r m a t i o n Protestant Scholasticism, 8 thought, 6 seq.
- theology, latest important Reformers, the, and Schleier- phase-of, 203 seq. - macher, gulf between, 100 Protestantism, evangelical, 6 ; Regeneration, views of the
Modernist, 270 Erlangen School, 202 : Providence, 82
Psychologism of Schleiermacher, 67, 94
Psychology of Religion, I86 R~BBINISM, 15
Race, the, attributes of, II9 Rational, the, aphorism on, Rationalism, Christology of, 69 104 ; eighteenth-century, value of, 10; as the enemy according to Kierkegaard, 228 ; of The Enlighten- ment, 11, 13 seq. ; starting- point of, 61 ; three stages of, 13, 14
- Speculative, Theology of, 101 seq.
Kierkegaard, 249 i Troel:
tsch, 202
Relativism, views on, Troel- tsch, 190, 212-13
Relativity, law of, 197, 198-9 Relieion. a wriori element in.
uTroeltsch o n , following Kant, 192-3 ; as distinct from morality and from knowledge, 48 ; as dis- tinct from philosophy, 193 ; definition of, by Bieder- mann, 131 ; Schleierma- cher, 45 ff. ; The “ essence of,” 195 ; in Fichte’s view, 27 ; Hegel as apologist for, IO5 ; History and Psychol- ogy of, 183 seq. ; the his- tory of, ignored by Ritscbl ,
INDEX INDEX 182-3 ; Illusionist Theory
of, I’_‘7 ; personal, and mys- ticism, 146 ; philosophical, in Troeltsch’s view, 194 seq. ; Psychology of, 186 ; Ritschl’s practical concea- tion of, 149 seq. ; Romantic view of, 43 ; Schleier- macher’s interpretation of, 31 seq. ; and Science, recon- ciliation of, 189 ; the stage of, in life, 232
Religions of the past, 56, 213-14 Religious emotions, source of, according to Schleierma- cher, 51, 149
- history, a general evolution in, 202
- phenomena, laws of inquiry into, 197 seq.
- thinking as symbolic in type, 193
Repentance, see Penitence Reprobation, Calvinist doctrine
of, 9
Resurrection, the, symbolic character of, 200 ; Barth.
306-7, 313 ; Rationalists;
16 : Ritschl. 160. 200 : Trdeltsch, 215 . ’ Revelation, the Christian view of, 275 seq. ; creative action of, 247 ; its future work, 286 ; historical, 155 seq. ; Natural, 277 ; signs of, 282-3 ; specific, 155 ; views on, of Barth, 264, 265, 274, 286, 288 ; Biedermann, 131 ; Hegel, 228 ; Kierke- gaard, 247, 253 ; Ritschl, 153 ; Schleiermacher, 44, 67, 71, 94, 100, 271 ; Troeltsch, 195-6, 202-3 Ritschl, A., biographical and
literary details on, 138 seq. ; negative and polemi- cai features in his theory of Moral Values. 142 sea. : Historical positivism of,m-1. I 177; starting - point of, 147-8 ; teaching of, value of, 172; constructive ef-
fort of, 149 seq., 179-80 ; Brunner on, 178
Ritschlian School, the, 141, 180 ; reaction against, 181 Roman thinkers, agreementseq.
among, 7
Romanism, 96 ; and the Gos- pel, 139 ; and the Word of God, 288
Romanticism, definition of, 33 ; of Goethe, 45 ; and the Gospel, 139 ; New, mental habit associated with, 187 SABELLIAN, tendency in Schlei-
ermacher, 78
Sacraments, the, 149 ; Ration- alist views on, 14 ; views on, of the new German school, 184
Sacrifice of Christ, Ritschl’s view on, 162, 167
St. Paul and the other apostles, extent of division between, Salvation, mode of coming of,139 205 ; necessity for, Barth on. 270
Scepticism, theological and philosophical. 122
Schleiermacher, Friedrich, bio- graphical and literary refer- ences, 31 seq. ; Barth’s criticism of, 270-I : con- centric circles of, revealing the Whole. 54 ff. : his interpretation of Religion in terms of feeling, 21 seq. ; as seen in the Addresses, 43 seq. ; his conception of God, seen in the same, 50 seq. ; on some cardinal Christian doctrines, 74 seq.
Scholasticism, 9
Science and Religion, recon- ciliation of, 184
Scientific Religious History, Theology of, according to Troeltsch, 181 seq. ; Laws of Development and Reve- lation, 194 seq.
Scripture as the sole source of Subjectivism, Schleiermacher the Word of God (q.v.), and, 144, 145
147 Subjectivity, as truth according
Second Coming, the, 313 to Kierkegaard, 224, 225 Self-consciousness, religious as- Supernatural, attitude to, of
- pect of, 45
Self-sacrifice. 136
Semi-pantheistic philosophy of Schleiermacher, 41, 51, 99 Sensationalism of Feuerbach,
125, 128 Shintoism, 57
Sin (see also Original Sin) ; corporal character of, 85 ; dual aspect of, 84 ; for- giveness of, 168
- views on, of Barth, 299 ; Biedermann, 132 ; Feuer- bath, 1 2 9 ; Hegel, 1 1 4 , 115,116 ; Herrmann, 174 ; Kierkegaard, 226, 229, 236-7 ; the Rationalists, 16, 135 ; Ritschl, 159, 168, 176; Schleiermaches, 83, 84, 85. 88. 96. 271
Sinless’lives, Ritschl on_, 160 Sinner, the, the only rehgron of, Sins, Christ’s death as sacrifice145 for, 162 ; forgiveness of, Solipsism, 127, 128154
Sovereign election, definition of, Special action of God, denial of,307
by Schleiermacher, 71 Spinosa’s theology, where alien
to that of Schleiermacher.
Spirit, Infinite, and the world-79 process, Troeltsch on, 191 Spiritual freedom of the Re-
formers, 68
“ Spirituality,” a name for God, according to, Schleier- macher on, 64
Strauss, David, materialism of, 121 ; and Feuerbach, nega- tive development in, of
Schleiermacher and of Hegel, 102
Supreme Being, traditional proofs of, Ritschl on, 145 Swiss School, the, 265
Symbolism, religious, 9 ; Bevan on, 66 ; Hegel, 105,108,193 : Troeltsch, 3 93, 260 ; of the Book of Revelation. 184 Symbols, and philosophy, 105 ;
sole value of, 66 Syncretism, 185
TEMPTATION in the Wilderness.
the, Schleiermacher on, 90- Theism of Schleiermacher. 52 Theological history, modern
period, character of, 1 ; Barth on, 305
Theology, relation of, to the Church, Schleiermacher on, 73 ; What is it ?, 272 seq..
- of Paradox. as nut forth bv Kierkegaard, 218 seq. ” - of Moral Value, Ritschl’s
constructive effort regard- ing, 149 seq.
- of Scientific Religious His- tory as put forward by Troeltsch, 81 seq.
- of the Word of God accord- ing to Barth, 263 seq. ; summary and conclusion, 313 seq.
Thinking, the art of, 38 ; existential, 219
Time, Hegelian disregard of, 136
“ Tracts for the Times,” Ger- man parallel to, 103 Tradition, bonds of, 1 ; ortho-
doxies of, and reason, 126 ; and the Word of God contrasted by Romanists, Speculative - Rationalism, Transcendence, 124270
117 seq. Transfiguration, the, rationalist Subjective idealism, 261 view of, 16