422 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

Female:

Head

^broadly ^evenly ^rounded

^from

^occiput ^to ^mouth.

The

frontal notch is distinct

by

reason of a thickening of the chitinous crust at this point.

Gena

with an

upper row

of about^five bristles

(uppermost largest), amiddle

row

^of three larger ones, and a

row

of threeheavy dark-colored ctenidialteeth on lower margin.

The

eyeis

represented

by

a scarcely pigmented thickening of the chitin on the

margin

of the antennal groove.

The

antcnnalgroove extendstothree- fourths the depth of the head

and

is connected with that

on

opposite side,across the top of the head,

by

a linegrooveflankedwith chitinous thickenings.

The

lower

row

of bristles on the vertexis represented

by

one large bristle backof the middle of the antennal groove; the

upper row

consists of four strongbristlesstandingina slightlyoblique line. Antennal groovestrongly

narrowed

below,its hind

margin

near the lower edge of the head covered

by

apatch of

numerous

minute

bristles. Labial palpi reaching to three-fourths of anteriorcoxa?.

Pronotum

with a

row

of aboutfourteen bristles on posteriorthird, and on hind margin a ctenidiumof about fourteen long stout spines.

Meso-

and

metanotum

^each ^{with three}

rows

of bristles, the posterior of abouttwelve large bristles, the next of fewerand smaller bristles.

Metathoracic scale with

two

vertical rows of three bristles each.

First, second, and third abdominal tergites each wnth a small tooth on either side of hind margin.

Abdominal

^tergiteseachwith

two

distinct

rows

of bristles,

and

anteriorly a third

row

represented

by

few

bristles; thereare about twelvelargerbristlesin the posterior

row

on middle tergites, varying to four in this

row

on the eighth tergite.

Antepygidial bristles three on each side, the middle in each

group

longest, the inner shortest. Middle abdominal sternites each with aboutten bristles in the principal row, infrontof

which

arescattered remnants^of

two

other rows, oneto three bristles each.

The

end of the

abdomen

is only moderately bristled.

No

stout bristles occur

on

either side just below pygidium.

The

tenth tergite dorsally bears

numerous

small bristles.

The

style is

two and

ahalf times as longas broad at base, and narrowed to the slender ^tip,

where

thereis a long bristle.

The

substjdar flap has

two

long bristles near theapex

and

few

short stoutones on the lower margin.

The

eighth segment possesses a

number

of bristlesbelow.

Hind

coxa without minute teeth on inside.

Hind femur

without minute hairs on side.

The

first joint of hind tarsi has six sets of spines on anterior margin and five sets on posterior margin.

One

spineon apex of jointII of hind tarsi

somewhat

exceeding jointIH.

First pair of spines on fifth tarsal joint strongly dislocated toward median line anddirected straight distad; the fourth pair areaborted, occurringasfine hairs only.

Length

of hindtarsal joints inthe proportions 18.5-13.5-8.5-5-8.5.

Length, 3

mm.

Color, pale brown.

NO.1361.

REVISION OF AMERICAN SIPHONAPTERA— BAKER. ₄₂₃

Male:

Head

flattenedabove or even a littledepre.ssed.

Upper row

of bristles onvertexdislocated atmiddle,

two

bristlesl)einglowerthan the other two.

The

inner andouter spines in eaeh ^•roupofantei)v<'i- dial bristles arc considerably smaller than the middle one, though not reducedto hairs.

Lateral portion of ninthtermitetwo-lobed, the upperlobevery short andbluntlyrounded and withthreelono-bristlesonthe posteriorniartrin;

lower lol)e as in agyrte^^ with one bristle over the insertion of the

cla.spers.

Upper

claspers ratherlonj^-, pai-allel sided, the oute-upper

anofleobtusely pointed, theupperinner angle broadly obliquelyrounded and hero margined with a

number

of small hairs; on the hind margin are several minute hairs near theupper end,andseveral smallbristles below.

Length, 1.75

mm.

ryi?d.—Cat. No. 6923,

U.S.N.M.

CTENOPHTHALMUS INTERMEDIUS

(Wagner).

This species

—

^described ^as ^a TyphiopsyUa by Dr.

Wagner —

w;w (col-

lected on Metaehlrns opossum in

Paraguay

and Ecuador. It is an interesting addition to the

American

fauna, very distinct

from

^an}-- thing previouslydescribed.

The

structure of the head strongly sug- gests CtenopsylJus^ ])utthe ^tiliial spines and other characters are those of Ctcnoj)Mhahiiiix.

CTENOPHTHALMUS FRATERNUS

Baker.

Thisspecies is

known

only

from

the type, asingle female takenat Brookings,South Dakota,

by

Professor Aldrich.

He

did not give the host,though it is ([uite likely toprove tobe one of the moles.

As

tlie originalcharacterization

was somewhat

meager,the following^descrip- tivenotes are added:

The

head is broadly rounded

from

the occiput to the prominent frontal notch, and thence slopes

downward

and backward to the mouth, giving the head anangulated appearance.

A row

of sixbristles occurs high

upon

thegena; belowthisa

row

two

large jukI one small bristle, and on lowerposterior portion ofgenaa ctenidium par- allel to the upper rows of bristles and

composed

of live large, stout, dark-colored spines, the middle three longest.

The

antennal groove reaches tothree-fourths thedepth of the head, isnot coiuiected with the opposite antennal groove

by

afurrow passingover thetop, and is

withoutminute hairs orbristles scatten^d along the posterior margin.

On

the disk of the vertex occur extensionsof th(^

two

rows of bi-istles

on gena

—

about sevenbristlesabove and eight below.

Hind

margin of head with the usual ^bristles. Labial palj)i eipialing three-fourths of anterior coxa% the apexof the last joint having the usual minute hairsexcept thatposteriorly on each palpus one ^is nuicli eidai'giMl and hooked.

Proc. N.

M.

vol.

xxvii—

⁰³ 28

424 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.

^vol.xxvii.

Pronotum

witha

vow

of abouttwelve bristlesonthe posteriorthird, and on the hind marc^in a ctenidiuni of about twenty stout spines.

Meso-

and

metanotum

^{each with}a

row

of ten ortwelvelarger bristles

and a second

row

^of

more numerous

smaller ones.

and

anterior tothis

two

rowsof three bristles each.

The

middle abdominal tergites each have a transverse

row

of fourteen largerbristles, anda second

row

more numerous

^smaller ^ones. ^First ^abdominal ^tergite ^with ^three small teeth on either side of hind margin, second, third, and fourth each with

two

on either side, and tifth

and

sixth each with one.

Antepygidial bristles badly l)roken in this specimen, but there are apparently only

two

on either side.

The

abdominal sternites each have a single

row

from

four to six largebristles.

The

end of the alidomen is rather heavily clothed with bristles.

The

style is about three times as long aswide at base, nearly cylindrical, and witha long ^liristleatapex.

The

substylar ilaphas a thick brush of hairs onthe lower margin.

The

hind coxje have a

group

numerous

^small, ^short,

somewhat

thickened bristles on the inside, which resemble the

grouped

teeth occurring here in

some

Pule.r

and

({ratophyUu.s.

Hind femur

with a single small bristle on side near l)ase.

The

spines on hind legsare unusuallylong.

The

first joint of the hind tarsi has five groupsof spineson either margin; the last joint with ])uteight heavy spines, four on either margin.

Hind

tarsi mutilated in thisspecimen, but lengths ofmiddle tarsal joints in the proportion 12-11-7-5-12.

Length, 2.25

mm.

Color, pale brown.

CTENOPHTHALMUS GENALIS,

new species.

A

species collectedon Geoniys hurKariusatthe Agricultural College of Michigan,

and

formerly supposed to ))e a variety offraterna^ is

now

considered wholly distinct and described herewith

from

a single male.

Head somewhat

flattenedabove.

Rows

ofgenal bristlespushed high

up

onhead.

The

insertions ofthefive irregularctenidialspinesoccupy half the surface of thegenje. Thesectenidial spines arever}^ dissim- ilar, the middle three longer, the

upper

distinctly spatulate, and the next one slighth^so.

The

bristles on thesecondantennal jointarefar shorterthan thethird joint.

The

antennal groove reaches theupper

margin

ofthe head, and its hind

margin

is without minute bristlesor hairs.

The

upper

row

oneither sideofvertex hasabout fourbristles, thesecond

row

aboutsix.

The

hind

margin

of theheadhas the usual bristles.

The

labialpalpi are slender

and

equal three-fourths ofante- rior coxa?.

The

maxillary palpiare unusually short and thick.

Pronotum

with a

row

of about twelvebristlesonposteriorthird,and on hind

margin

a ctenidium of about twenty-eight slender spines.

NO.1361.

REVISION OF AMERICAN SIPHONAPTERA— BAKER. ₄₂₅

Me.sonotiuii Avith a slno-le

row

of about twelve bri.stle.s. Motaiiotum with a

row

of a])out twelve laroerbristles, and behind this, on either side, thi-eesmallerones. Metathoraeie epiphysis withone laroeIn-istlc posteriori}',

two

anteriortothis, and one small, shortone in front of the^latter. First abdominaltergite Avith a sinolesmall tooth oneither side, second with threeon either side,third with two. andfourth with one on ^either^side.

Abdominal

tergiteseach with a transverse

row

of ten bristles, and on the first

two

or three segments a second

row

of onetothree bristleson a side.

One

stoutantepygidiall>ristle

mounted

ona tubercle on each side. Middle a))dominal sternites each with a single

row

of sixbristles.

Lateral portion of ninth tergite greatly enlarged and triangular, long-pointed backward.

Upper

claspers rathersmall, not extending l)eyond tipof prolonged portion of ninth tergite,

somewhat

spatulate, the inner u})per angleacute, the-outer upperangle broadly rounded, the hind margin with six to eightbristles; on the inside at liase there

isseparated a short, broad, acute piece like a largetooth.

Hind

coxa" witha

group

of shortstout bristleson in.side,resembling the similarly

grouped

teeth in Pulex.

Hind femur

with a single bristle on inside.

The

tirst joint of the hind tarsi has four groups of spines on either margin; the apical spines on the second joint are shorter than the third joint.

The

fifthtarsal joint on first and second tarsi have five spines on either

margin

as in typical <\ raf<)]>hiiJJiix^

while onthe fifthjoint of hind tarsi there are))utfour on eithermar- gin as in PuJe.c. Lengths of hind tarsal joint in the proportions 23-15-10-5-12.

Length, 2.25

mm.

Color, pale l)rown.

Ti/pe.—Odt No. 6!»23,

U.S.N.M.

Genus ANOMIOPSYLLUS, new genus.

This genus ^is founded on an insect Avhich I described in 1898 as T[iphh>psijUanuilata. It then dropped into that convenient "catch- air' TyphiopxijUn., on account of its lack of eyes, though it

was

remarked at that time that it represented a distinct genus.

One

of the most conspicuous characters is the great length of the maxillary palpi, which exceed the fore coxte.

The

eyes are wholly wanting.

On

th(> dorsal line the

pronotum

and

mesonotum

are of equal length, while the

metanotum

^is shorter.

There

is a remarkable and wholly uni(|uc reduction in the \estiture, the body, excepting the pt)sterior extremity, being almost whollynude,

and

the

number

of spineson the legsgreatly reduced, there being but four pairs of spineson the posterior margin of the ti))ia\

One

of themost important charactersis

found in therounded emargination

formed

distsiUyon the hindmargin of foreand middle coxa> atthe junctuin^ of thecoxa and ^its ^epiphysis.

In most fleas this is shallow or wanting, with the outer subtending

426 PROCEED TNGS OF THE NA TIONA

MUSE

UM. ^vol.^xxvii.

limb obtuse. In this case ^{it is} very deep, deeper than broad, and the outer subtending limbis narrowly acute.

On

the lifth tarsal joints are

combined

the characters of

two

of the

Wagnerian

genera; on the foreand middle last tarsal joints thefirstpair of spines is dislocated towardthe

median

line

and

directed straightdistad.

On

the hindlast tarsal jointthere are but fourspines on either side.

While

am somewhat

loathto separate

any new

generaat thistime

when

the inflow of strange

and

aberrantforms has justbegun, ^still,in this case there is hardly

any

othercourse

open

to me, for otherwise imdata

might

be placed with equal propriety in

any

one of

two

or three genera.

ANOMIOPSYLLUS NUDATUS

^Baker,

This species, the smallest

known American

flea,

was

originally described

from two

^females collected at Tucson, Arizona, in a nest of

Neotoma

aJhlgula

hj

thelate

Mr. Hubbard, who was

oneof the

most

thorough collectors

America

hasyetseen. Inaddition tothe charac- terization originally given, the following additional details

may

be noted:

The

lower

row

of genalbristles isrepresented

by

onevery

weak

and slender bristleon

margin

of antennalgroove and asimilar oneon the lower

margin

of the head.

There

are no other bristles on the head excepting oneor

two

at each lower angleof hind margin,

and

a very

few

shortoneson secondantennaljoint.

The

thoraxiswithoutbristles excepting one on either side of

pronotum

ateach lateralangle.

The

abdominal tergites each have a single

row

of about six very

weak

andslenderbristles.

One

^small

^and

slender antepygidialbristle occurs on either side.

The

hairs

on pygidium

are very ^fine, but longerthan usual.

Styleabout three times longer than wide at base, andslightly nar-

rowed

tothetip,

where

there isalong bristle.

The

substylar flap is

longandacute

and

has

numerous

bristlesonthelower margin.

Below

the substylar flap a

number

of short, stout bristles occur near the margin.

The

firstjoint of the hind tarsi has four groups of spines on the anterior

margin and two

groups

on

the posterior margin.

One

of the spines on apex of second joint of hind tarsiposteriorlyis verylong

and

slender, extending nearly to the end of thelast joint.

Lengths

of hindtarsal joints in the proportions 18-10-6-5-10.

Length, 2

mm.

Color, palelirown.

Genus CTENOPSYLLUS

Kolenati.

1863. C/t'nopsz/HwsKolenati, HoneSoc. Ent. Koss.,II, p. 37.

1893. CtenopsyllusWagner, HorseSoc. Ent. Ross.,XXVII,p. 350.

Thisis preeminently the genus of

mouse

and rat fleas. Elsewhere has been noted theextreme paucity of

knowledge

on the

American

NO.1361.

REVISION OF AMERICAN SIPJIOXAJ'TERA— BAKER. 427

forms, and also thegroat proljabilit}- of sonicof the

European

species having been introduced. Ifthese are found

anywhere

^it will he in or near ourgreat ports, and

from

these localities

we

ha\e no specimens collected on house mice or rats.

SYNOPSIS OF AMERICAN

SPECIES.

tt. Jk'ad withoutctenidialnpiiiea (ilpinus (p. 427).

<i(i. Headwithctenidia.

I>. Head otenidiaoftwoypineseach hesperomiis (p. 428)

hb. Headctenidiaoffour spineseacli mexicanus(p.430).

CTENOPSYLLUS ALPINUS

Baker.

Thisspeciesis still

known

only

from

the types

—

^amale and female collected b}"Professor

Bruner

at Georgetown, Colorado, on Ncoioma.

It iscongenericwith inuscul'i.,

showing

the

same

peculiartype of head, but it has no genal ctenidia.

The

following descriptive notes are added:

Female:

Head

gently rounded or nearh'flat above

from

occiputto frontal notch (whichis v^ery highon the front), thence sloping

down- ward

and

backward

to the mouth.

The

bristles on the head are developed into short, stout, dark-coloredspines, all of which project

downward and

backward.

The

antennal grooveextends toabouttwo- thirds the depthof the head, and above is connected

by

a chitinous thickening and furrow across the top of the head with the antennal grooveon oppositeside.

Near

the

margin

of thefront on eitherside, extending

from mouth

to antennalgroove, isa

row

often short, stout s})ines. Thereare only

two

spines in the normal lower

row

on gena.

The

upper

row

has six spines, but instead of stopping above at the antennalgroove this row^ curves aroundcephalad nearlyto themargin of the front. Diskof vertex on each side witii three oblitpie rows of spines, an upper oneof

two

spines, amiddleof three,anda lower one of live spines.

The

antennal grooAC ^is

somewhat

contracted below, and is without minutehairs or bristles on the posterior margin.

The

labialpalpiextendtoone-third of the anterior femora.

Pronotum

with a

row

of abouttwelve stout bristles onthe posterior third, and on the hind margin a ctenidium ofabouteighteen or twenty spines.

The

usualsoftand minutearticulatory hairsonanteriormargin of

mesonotum

are here small teeth.

Meso-

and

metanotum

each with atransver.se

row

ofabout eightbristles. Metathoracicepi})hysis with aboutten irregularl}^placed bri.stles.

Firstal)dominal tergitewith three or four small teeth on either side of hind niaroin.

The

abdominal tergites each has a transverse

row

of about ten bristles. Antepygidial bristles three on each side, the middle one in each

group

slightly longer.

Abdominal

sternites each with a

row

of about ten rather strt)ng and dose-set bri.stles.

The

•'ighthsegment, near the middh' of hind margin on cither side, witii a

428 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.

^vol.xxvu.

group

of several ^\ox\g, and several short, stout bristles.

One

stout bristle occurs beneath the pygidiuni on cither side.

The

style is verylong, about five times as long as broad at base, nearl}^ cylindrical, except at the tip,

where

there is a

weak

bristle,

backofwhich areaboutsix bristlesirregularlyplaced. Substylarflap

with

numerous

^short, stout bristles above and three very heavy ones on the lower margin.

The

^hind coxal epiphysis slopes gradually into the coxa distally, thus notforming anyemargination.

The

hind

femur

iswithoutminute bristles on side.

Hind

margin of hind tibia with a))out sixdistant longer inner spines and about twelve shorter close-set inner ones.

First joint of hind tarsi without paired spines on hind margin, but with a double

row

numerous

spines. Bristles

on

apex of second hindtarsal joint shorter than third joint.

The

first pairof spines on

tifth tarsal joint is dislocated toward

median

lineand directed straight caudad.

Length, 2.5

mm.

Male:

Head

nearh^as in thefemale,buttheantennalgroove extends to its upper margin.

The two

outer in each

group

of aiitepygidial bristles

somewhat

reduced.

The

last live abdominal sternites only, have rows of six l)ristles each.

The

lateral portion of ninth tergiteis withouta lobe on the

upper

margin.

The

upperclaspersare long,narrow, subrectangular,curved

backward

alittle,and with

two

l>laclvteeth attheupperposteriorangle.

Lower

claspers witii a short, stout, black, recurved spine on hind margin.

Length, 1..5

mm.

CTENOPSYLLUS HESPEROMYS,

new species.

There is in the collection a Cten(>2»<yll((>< taken at Franconia,

New

Plampshire, on Peromy.'icus,

by

Mrs. A. T. Slosson, which represents avery distinct species in tiuit it possesses a ctenidium of

two

spines on either side of the head.

The upper

margin of the head ^is very gradually rounded

from

the occiput to thefrontal notch, thencecurxed

downward

and l)ackward to themouth.

The

antennal groove ^ism:irgined ))ychitinous thicken- ingsabove and is narrowed to the upper margin of thehead,

where

it joins thegrooveof theother side.

The

marginal

row

of bristlesusual to this genus occurs on either side ofthe head;

from

the frontal notch to the

mouth

these bristles are short and heavy and spine-like;

from

the frontalnotch to the occiput thej^are

much

longerand bristle-like.

The

upper

row

ofgenal bristles is represented

by two

placed high up;

below this is a

row

of three bristles,

two

of which are very strong

—

one over eye, the other considerably above lower margin ^of ^head.

Beneath the eye on either side, standing in a vertical row, are

two

Dalam dokumen Proceedings of the United States National Museum (Halaman 58-69)

Head

from

The

by

Gena

upper row

row

row

The

by

margin

The

and

on

by

The

row

by

upper row

narrowed

margin

by

numerous

Pronotum

row

Meso-

metanotum

rows

two

Abdominal

two

rows

and

row

by

few

row

row

group

which

two

The

abdomen

No

on

The

numerous

The

two and

where

The

two

and

few

The

number

Hind

Hind femur

The

One

somewhat

Length

mm.

REVISION OF AMERICAN SIPHONAPTERA— BAKER. 423

Head

Upper row

two

The

Upper

number

mm.

U.S.N.M.

CTENOPHTHALMUS INTERMEDIUS

—

Wagner —

Paraguay

American

from

The

^from

REVISION OF AMERICAN SIPHONAPTERA— BAKER. ₄₂₃