Ezekiel 29:21 Ezekiel 30 :8

Ezekiel

30:19

Ezekiel

30:25

Ezekiel

30:26

77.

78.

79.

80.

81.

82.

83.

84.

85.

86.

87.

88.

89.

90.

91.

92.

93.

94.

95.

96.

97.

98.

99.

TABLE II (continued)

EXAMPLE:> OF f: l'

g e.II4,

USED IN THE LXX AND THE IDENTITY OF THE SPEAKER

God

Ezekiel 32:15 Ezekiel 33:29 Ezekiel 34:15 Ezekiel 34:27 Ezekiel 34:30 Ezekiel 35:9 Ezekiel 35:12 Ezekiel 35:15 Ezekiel 36:11 Ezekiel 36:23 Ezekiel 37:6 Ezekiel 37:13 Ezekiel 37:28 Ezekiel 38:23 Ezekiel 39:6 Ezekiel 39:7 Ezekiel 39:22 Ezekiel 39:28 Hosea 5:14

Joel 2:27 Haggai 1:13 Haggai 2:6 Malachi 1:14

54

TABLE III

NUMBER OF TIMES £

rQ £IAI

IS USED IN THE LXX AND THE IDENTITY OF THE SPEAKER

Book God Man

Genesis

6 7

Exodus

8 1

Leviticus

^22, 0

Deuteronomy

3 0

Judges

1 7

Ruth

0 4

Kings

2 30

I Chronicles

0 1

Job

0 2

Psalms

1 5

Song

0 2

Isaiah

14 5

Jeremiah

6 2

Ezekiel

31 0

Minor Prophets

5 2

Totals

99 68

56

~ , :I

3. The Use of ~ @~ in the Book of Job

And yet a word must be said about Job as i t seems to

~

,

^~

be in a class by itself in the study of ~ ~AV. It seems

., ,

the translator of Job put ~r' before all possible verbs but

,

he intentionally avoided it in front of e~1

•

There were

" ) ' :J

only two examples of

ti;w

^IY..MI, (30:9 and 33:31), out of 16

~

, ,., ,

uses of &IM/. All of these examples of ($1""'1 were in the language of men. They are: 7:8, 12, 20, and 21; 9:29, 10:15, 11:4, 13:2, 23:8, 32:6 and 18, 33:9 (twice) and 12, 34:4, and 35:2. In addition '1r#fj'EIA/

,

was found in 1:7 and 2:2 in the statements of the adversary. In many places in the book of

~

,

^~

,

^~

Job ~r- appears but not the G~ &IMI •

:I ,

There must be some reason for the absence of ~'" with

7 ' :I

E/~I when there seems to be an emphasis upon the use of ~

, ^,

in the book of Job. TABLE I, p. 42, shows that~. was used

1 '

33 times in the book, and only twice was i t used with G/~J •

Since the book largely deals with the conversation of men,

, , .I

the opportunity of using ~ ~~ was limited, for the most part to men, but the translator did not wish to use this com- bination and place the phrase on the lips of men. It certain-

~

,

ly seems that he was purposely avoiding the use of ^~;~ with

~ ~

61A11 for perhaps sacred reasons. He felt it was a phrase which should be reserved for God and did not wish to cheapen it by placing i t on the lips of men.

4. The Use of ~

"

Iif,MI

,

in the Prophets

~, )

The use of ~,~ 6~/ in the prophetic books was most

, ) #

~ ^#'

rewarding, as was true of

6r

wi thou t the t:/,.u. In Isaiah

~, ~

there was not an example of

efb'"

tG-/,U1 in a statement of God before the 41st chapter, but beginning with the 41st chapter there were 15 examples. On the other hand, there were two

~, .)

examples of EluJ E/~I in the speeches of men before the 41st chapter and three thereafter (47:8, 10; 56:3); but even two of these were divine claims. In the first two examples, 47:8 and 10, Isaiah quoted the Chaldeans as using

6~ ~~~

"

^~

which certainly was an epiphany. As the writer used ~/~ 6~1

for God, he said the Chaldaeans were to be destroyed because they were claiming this prerogative for themselves. Isaiah 56:3 was the only exception in the latter part of this book.

God was the speaker but he was quoting the eunuch and the

~ ~ ~

wri ter used E~ (41"-'1 •

It appears that the writer was using

,~ ~I

in God's declarations for a purpose. This purpose was to give a

sacred tone and to establish this sacredness through the use , , :a

of EiuJ 61P'. In the next chapter i t will be pointed out several times how the Fourth Evangelist uses these express- ions from Deutero-Isaiah to claim the deity of Christ. These 6~ ~/~/ ~ sayings must have been recognized as divine claims, or else the Fourth Evangelist would not have so used them.

58 The search was not so rewarding in Jeremiah. Whereas

J •

there were 113 examples of t=;uJ , there were only eight ex-

~, :1

amples of EO-WI) e-Ipl. One of the se examples was 1: 6, and in it Jeremiah was the speaker and identified and described him-

~ I .JI ~ • ~

self wi th ~!W fi!(A/. The use of· ~iw t!!/.,ul as a means of iden- tification of oneself, or describing oneself was a rather common one. The following examples from the Septuagint are examples of this same usage: Ruth 2:10 and 3:9; Genesis 45:3 and 4; etc. Examples in the New Testament would include

Luke 1:19; John 9:9; Acts 22:3; etc. It was an emphatic way of identifying oneself or presenting something about oneself such as "young," "old," "grieved," etc.

In the following verse, God quoted Jeremiah and re-

~, ~

tained the ~ E/~I . r h e other examples were in the speeches

~

,

^~

of God. In 1:8 God used the 6~ &1A1 , i t seems, in contrast to Jeremiah's declaration about himself. Yahweh as the great

)

,

^~

~ ... (:I~I was to be with Jeremiah and all things were possi- ble to him.

supplement to

(Note the use of Yahweh in the same verse as a

; J , ~

~(Jw E/;ItII.) The other examples were all in the first part of the book and can be noted from TABLE II, pp.50f.

It would have to be concluded that the examples of

~,

,

~ G/PI in Jeremiah are not enough in number to form a strong

.) I ~

case, and although the translators do use ~ EIMI in Jere- miah's speech, i t seems to be reserved for the speeches of

God, for the most part. Even in the example of Jeremiah's

) , ~

speech where the

E:d

^{W G'~I} is used, God then is cp oted as us-

)

,

^~

ing ~w G-I,MI, seemingly, as a rebuke to Jeremiah for his declaration.

A study of Ezekiel was most rewarding of all. There

)

,

^~

were 31 examples of ErIAl SI,MI and all were in the speeches of God. The speeches were very solemn and identified God as saying, ^ff I am the Lord." Thi s was the only us e of

l~

^E/'..t.1

~, )

in Ezekiel.

Erw

^'IMI was too sacred 'a term to be, used by men.

~,

"

The following tables show the uses of

qw

^{tSMl in the}

Septuagint in the speeches of God.

of ~c.:, ~~I in the speeches of men.

It does not show the use

)

,

^~

The ~/tAJ t:/~ as i t is used in the speeches of men has no set pattern--the uses are too various to classify.

The one use which is significant in the speeches of men is found in Isaiah 47:8, 47:10 (twice), and Zephaniah 3:1.

The phrasewas used by man as a claim to deity. There would have been no such claims and constructions if the phrase were not recognized as a claim to deity.

~

,

Also included in the tables are the uses of <= /"MI

~ I , ,

and

6i

w . . • ~/pl when separated. They are found in TABLES V and VI and cannot be ronsidered important for this study.

60 TABLE IV

THE USE OF £1' ~ £IMI IN THE DECLARATIONS OF GOD

Illustration 1

~

,

:I

,

el w

^{(fI,It41 1(~/tI.)}

1. Exodus 7:5 20. Leviticus 19:36 2. Exodus 8:22 21. Leviticus 19:37 3. Exodus 14:4 22. Leviticus 20:26 4. Exodus 14:18 23. Leviticus 21:23 5. Exodus 20:1 24. Leviticus 24:22 6. Exodus 29:46 25. Leviticus 25:17 7. Leviticus 11:43 26. Leviticus 26:1 8. Leviticus 11:45 27. Leviticus 26:2 9. Leviticus 19:10 28. Leviticus 26:13 10. Leviticus 19:12 29. Deuteronomy 5:6 11. Leviticus 19:14 30. Deuteronomy 5:9 12. Leviticus 19:16 31. Isaiah 45:8 13. Leviticus 19:18 32. Isaiah 45:18 14. Leviticus 19:25 33. Jeremiah 9:24 15. Leviticus 19:28 34. Jeremiah 24:7 16. Leviticus 19:30 35. Ezekiel 7:9 17. Leviticus 19:31 36. Ezekiel 28:22 18. Leviticus 19:32 37. Ezekiel 28:23 19. Leviticus 19:34 38. Ezekiel 28:24

TABLE IV (continued) THE USE OF

E:

l' ~ SIMI IN THE DECLARATIONS OF GOD Illustration 1 (continued)

,

, )

,

~w GI,IIt(

/(

^ul'·~

39. Ezekiel 28:26 58. Ezekiel 37:6 40. Ezekiel 29:6 59. Ezekiel 37:13 41. Ezekiel 29:9 60. Ezekiel 37:28 42. Ezekiel 29:16 61. Ezekiel 38:23 43. Ezekiel 29:21 62. Ezekiel 39:6 44. Ezekiel 30:8 63. Ezekiel 39:7 45. Ezekiel 30:19 64. Ezekiel 39:22 46. Ezekiel 30:25 65. Ezekiel 39:28 47. Ezekiel 30:26

48. Ezekiel 32:15 49. Ezekiel 33:29 50. Ezekiel 34:15 51. Ezekiel 34:27 52. Ezekiel 34:30 53. Ezekiel 35:9 54. Ezekiel 35:12 55. Ezekiel 35:15 56. Ezekiel 36:11 57. Ezekiel 36:23

62 TABLE IV (continued)

THE USE OF

Erg

81M I IN THE DECLARATIONS OF GOD

Illustration 2

1. Isaiah 43:25 (followed by articular participle)

, t '\ , - "

2. Isaiah 45:19 (followed by Kt-yJ/oS 0 n«" CAlV )

3. Isaiah 51:12 (followed by articular participle)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

Genesis 17:1

TABLE IV (continued) THE USE OF

£

r~ B I MI IN THE DECLARATIONS OF GOD

Illustration 3

c!¥W ^{~/,M.I J &EO~}

Genesis 26:24 Genesis 28:13 Genesis 31:13 Genesis 46:3 Exodus 3:6 Psalm 45:10 Isaiah 41:10 Isaia.h 45:22 Isaiah 46:9 Isaiah 48:17

1. Genesis 28:15 2. Jeremiah 1:8

TABLE IV (continued) THE USE OF

£

r.Q £ I M I IN THE DECLARATIONS OF GOD

Illustration 4

~-_{t. r~} , _601.11.1 ~ _Wl . t h Prepositions

-

(Iou

3. Jeremiah 26:28

~ ~ :t ⁾

E.ltM

6.1"'-'1 ^6/~

1. Isaiah 48:12

JIo.

TOV

1. Joel 2:27

1. Haggai 1:13 2. Haggai 2:6

64

TABLE IV (continued) THE USE OF erR SI Mt IN THE DECLARATIONS OF GOD

Illustration 5

~E~ ~/;"I followed by participle

1. Exodus 3: 14 2. II Kings 12:7 3. Jeremiah 23:23

TABLE

IV (continued)

THE USE OF £

l' ~

£

I '" I

IN THE DECLARATIONS OF GOD