Electronic Documentation
10. Which of the following describe advantages to electronic health records (EHRs)? (Select all that apply.)
a. They reduce redundancy of information.
b. They reduce issues regarding privacy.
c. They decrease charting time.
d. They facilitate communication between disciplines.
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References
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American Nurses Association. (2010b). Nursing’s social policy state- ment: The essence of the profession. Silver Spring, MD: ANA.
American Nurses Association (ANA), American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA), & International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses (ISPN). (2007). Psychiatric- mental health nursing: Scope and standards of practice. Silver Spring, MD: ANA.
Doenges, M.E., Moorhouse, M.F., & Murr, A.C. (2010). Nursing diagnosis manual: Planning, individualizing, and documenting client care (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis.
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Kaufman, D.M., & Zun, L. (1995). A quantifiable, brief mental status examination for emergency patients. Journal of Emer- gency Medicine, 13(4), 440-456.
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CHAPTER 9 ■ The Nursing Process in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing 173 4092_Ch09_150-173 24/07/14 5:25 PM Page 173
10 Therapeutic Groups
C H A P T E R O U T L I N E
Objectives
Homework Assignment Functions of a Group Types of Groups
Physical Conditions That Influence Group Dynamics
Curative Factors
Phases of Group Development Leadership Styles
Member Roles Psychodrama
The Role of the Nurse in Group Therapy Summary and Key Points
Review Questions
K EY T E R M S
altruism autocratic catharsis
democratic laissez-faire
psychodrama universality
O B J EC T I V E S
After reading this chapter, the student will be able to:
1.Define a group.
2.Discuss eight functions of a group.
3.Identify various types of groups.
4.Describe physical conditions that influence groups.
5.Discuss “curative factors” that occur in groups.
6.Describe the phases of group development.
7.Identify various leadership styles in groups.
8.Identify various roles that members assume within a group.
9.Discuss psychodrama as a specialized form of group therapy.
10.Describe the role of the nurse in group therapy.
H O M E W O R K A S S I G N M E N T
Please read the chapter and answer the following questions:
1.What is the difference between therapeutic groups and group therapy?
2.What are the expectations of the leader in the initial or orientation phase of group development?
3.How does an autocratic leadership style affect member enthusiasm and morale?
4.How does size of the group influence group dynamics?
CORE CONCEPTS
group
group therapy
174
Human beings are complex creatures who share their activities of daily living with various groups of people.
Sampson and Marthas (1990) have stated:
We are biological organisms possessing qualities shared with all living systems and with others of our species.
We are psychological beings with distinctly human capabilities for thought, feeling, and action. We are
also social beings, who function as part of the complex webs that link us with other people. (p. 3)
Health-care professionals not only share their per- sonal lives with groups of people but also encounter multiple group situations in their professional oper- ations. Team conferences, committee meetings, grand rounds, and in-service sessions are but a few.
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In psychiatry, work with clients and families often takes the form of groups. With group work, not only does the nurse have the opportunity to reach out to a greater number of people at one time, but those individuals also assist each other by bringing to the group and sharing their feelings, opinions, ideas, and behaviors. Clients learn from each other in a group setting.
This chapter explores various types and methods of therapeutic groups that can be used with psychi- atric clients, and the role of the nurse in group intervention.
7. Empowerment. Groups help to bring about im- provement in existing conditions by providing sup- port to individual members who seek to bring about change. Groups have power that individuals alone do not.
8. Governance.An example of the governing func- tion is that of rules being made by committees within a larger organization.