Glossary

evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ (n): anything

that gives a reason for believing something or prove something

evoke /ɪˈvəʊk/ (v): produce (a

memory, feeling, etc)

excessive /ɪkˈsesɪv/ (adj): too much expatriate /eksˈpætrɪət/ (n):

(person) living outside his/her own country

expense /ɪkˈspens/(n): money used

for a particular purpose

extortionate /ɪkˈstɔ:ʃnət/ (adj): (of

demands or prices) much too high

fee /fi:/ (n): money paid for

professional service

ferocious /fəˈrəʊʃəs/(adj.): fierce,

violent, savage

fiend /fi:nd/ (n): a very cruel or

unpleasant person

fierce /fɪəs/ (adj): intense; strong fluffy /ˈflʌfɪ/ (adj): soft and light foolish /ˈfu:lɪʃ/ (adj): silly

frenzy /ˈfrenzɪ/(n): violent

excitement

fussy /ˈfʌsɪ/(adj): too concerned

about unimpor tant details

gale /geɪl/(n): a very strong wind;

a storm at sea

gaze /geɪz/(v): look long and

steadily

giggle /gɪgəl/(v): laugh lightly in a

silly way

grab /græb/ (v): take something

suddenly or roughly

grief /gri:f/ (n): great sorrow grove grəʊv/ (n): group of trees grumble /grʌmbəl/(v): complain harsh /hɑ:ʃ/(adj): unpleasantly

rough or sharp

hatch /hætʃ/ (v): (cause to) come

out of an egg

hazard /ˈhæzəd/(n): danger; risk haze /heɪz/ (n): thin mist

heap /hi:p/ (v): put in a large pile hence /hens/(adv): for this reason howl/hal/ (v): make a long loud

cry

huge /hju:dʒ/(adj): very large humble /ˈhʌmbəl/ (adj): low in

rank, unimportant

hurtle /ˈhɜ:tl/(v): move violently or

quickly

imbue /ɪmˈbju:/(v): fill with a

feeling

impecunious /ɪmpɪˈkju:njəs/(adj):

having little or no money

implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ (adj): implied,

but not expressed

imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/ (v): suggest that

(something) is true without actually saying it

inflict /ɪnˈflɪkt/(v): to make

somebody suffer something

irritable /ˈɪrɪtəbəl/(adj): easily

annoyed

lean /li:n/ (v): be in a sloping

position; bend

leap /li:p/ (v): jump

lush /lʌʃ/ (adj): (of plants, trees,

etc) growing thickly and strongly

moonlight /ˈmu:nlaɪt/(v): have a

second job, especially at night, in addition to one’s main job

myriad /ˈmɪrɪəd/ (n): extremely

large number

nest /nest/ (n): place by a bird for

its eggs

nod off /nɒd ɒf/(v): fall asleep obstacle /ˈɒbstəkəl/ (n): something

that stops progress or makes it

difficult

pacify /ˈpæsɪfaɪ/ (v): make

(somebody who is angry) calm

piety /ˈpaɪətɪ/ (n): strong religious

beliefs and behaviour

plantation /plænˈteɪʃn/ (n): area of

land planted with trees or crops

plot /plɒt/ (n): events in the story

of film, novel, etc.

praiseworthy /ˈpreɪzwɜ:ðɪ/ (adj):

deserving praise

prone prəʊn/ (adj): likely to be

affected by something

pursuit /pəˈsju:t/ (n): act of

pursuing

reckon /ˈrekən/ (v): think; consider reed /ri:d/(n): a type of tall grass

with a hollow slem growing near water

representative /ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv/(n):

person who represents somebody or a group of people

revenge /rɪˈvendʒ/ (n): punishment

or injury done in return for harm that one has suffered

ridiculous /rɪˈdɪkjʊləs/ (adj.)

foolish

rough /rʌf/ (adj): stormy rush /rʌʃ/ (v): (cause to) go or

come or do something quickly

rustle /ˈrʌsəl/(v): (cause to) make a

gentle light sound (like dry leaves blown by the wind)

sarcastic /sɑ:ˈkæstɪk/ (adj): using

bitter, especially ironic, remarks intended to wound someone’s feeling

scenery /ˈsi:nərɪ/ (n): natural

features of an area, e.g. mountains

scenic /ˈsi:nɪk/ (adj): having

beautiful natural scenery

scorn /skɔ:n/(v): feel that a person

or thing deserves no respect

secluded /sɪˈklu:dɪd/(adj): not

visited by many people; isolation

secure /sɪˈkjʊə/(v): succeed in

getting

sensible /ˈsensəbəl/ (adj): having

or showing good sense

severe /sɪˈvɪə/(adj): very bad,

difficult, intense, etc

shovel /ˈʃʌvəl/(n): tool like a spade,

used for moving coal, sand, etc

sigh /saɪ/(v): take a deep breath,

expressing sad ness, tiredness, relief, etc

sob /sɒb/(v): draw in the breath in

short irregular bursts when crying

splendid /ˈsplendɪd/ (adj):

magnificent; excellent

spooky /ˈspu:kɪ/(adj): frightening stem /stem/(v): stop (the flow of

liquid, etc)

squirm /skwɜ:m/ (v): to move by

twisting the body about

stumble /ˈstʌmbəl/ (v): hit the foot

against something and (almost) fall

sugar /ˈʃʊgə(r)/ (n): one of several

sweet substances formed in plants

symptom /ˈsɪmptəm/ (n): change in

the body that is a sign of illness

taunt /ˈtɔ:nt/ (v): say unkind or

insulting words to (somebody) in order to upset him/her

temper /ˈtempə/ (n): state of the

mind

terrain /teˈreɪn/ (n): area of land terrestrial /tɪˈrestrɪəl/ (adj): of the

earth

terrific /təˈrɪfɪk/ (adj): very great;

wonderful

theme /θi:m/ (n): subject of a talk,

book, etc.

timber /ˈtɪmbə/ (n): wood

prepared for use in buil ding, etc

touch up /tʌtʃ ʌp/ (v): improve

something by making small changes

tough /tʌf/ (adj): able to endure

hardship; strong

twig /twɪg/(n): small; thin piece of

a branch of a bush or tree

valley /ˈvælɪ/ (n): the land through

which a river flows

vast /vɑ:st/ (adj): extremely large vegetation /̩vedʒɪˈteɪʃn/ (n): plants

in general

view /vju:/ (n): personal opinion voracious /vəˈreɪʃəs/ (adj): very

eager for knowledge, information, etc

wage /weɪdʒ/ (n): regular (usually

weekly or monthly) payment for work

wary /ˈweərɪ/ (adj): looking out

for possible danger or difficulty;

cautions

wear off /weə ɒf/ (v): disappear

gradually

welfare /ˈwelfeə/(n): health,

comfort and happiness

willow /ˈwɪləʊ/ (n): tree with thin flexible branches

wreck /rek/ (n): ship that has been

badly damaged in a storm

yield /ji:ld/(v): surrender control

of something