CHAPTER 7 CONJUNCTION
D. Joining Sentences
Conjunctions can also combine two sentences, just as they join words or phrases.
- and expresses addition
The following example shows and used as a conjunction between two sentences.
Example;
- We went to the pool
- The Miller family went to the parade
*We went to the pool, and the Miller family went to the parade
In this example, two equal elements—in this case, two complete sentences—are joined by the conjunction and; they are now combined into a single sentence
- but expresses contrast
The following example shows but used as a conjunction between two sentences.
- All the friends came.
- Maria was not there.
*All the friends came, but Maria was not there.
The conjunction but is also used to combine two sentences
into one. However, the use of the conjunction but expresses contrast in the sentence, while the conjunction and expresses addition.
107 Task 1.
Combine each pair of sentences with the appropriate coordinating conjunction:
and, but, or, nor, for, so, or yet.
1. That’s my brother. The woman next to him is his wife.
_________________________________________
2. We ran into the tent. Our clothes were already soaked by the storm.
_________________________________________
3. Should we watch TV tonight? Should we go see a movie?
_________________________________________
4. She began to cry. The book ended so sadly.
_________________________________________
5. I hurried as fast as I could. I arrived home late as usual.
_________________________________________
6. The red car was already sold. Kim bought the blue one.
_________________________________________
7. Our dog likes to play in the yard. Our cat prefers to stay in the house.
_________________________________________
8. Milo lives on Oak Street. His brother lives nearby.
_________________________________________
9. Their credit was very poor. They decided to buy a piano anyway.
_________________________________________
108 10.I love the snowy beauty of winter. I hate the heat of summer
_________________________________________
Task 2.
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate correlative conjunctions: both . . . and, either . . . or, neither . . . nor, or not only . . . but also.
1. _______________Maribeth _________________ I will ever visit them again.
2. I want to buy _________________ a new blouse ______________a new skirt.
3. They were already introduced to ___________________Carol _______________her mother.
4. You __________________work too little _________________spend too much money.
5. ___________________________Father
__________________Mother became ill during the cruise.
6. She wants _________________your help ____________________your advice.
7. Reggie ____________________ broke his leg __________________bruised both arms.
8. It’s always __________________________too hot ___________________too cold for you.
9. _______________________the kitchen
____________________the bathroom need to be cleaned.
10. ___________________Cary _____________Kelly showed up at the party
109 Task 3.
Complete each sentence with a dependent clause to follow each subordinating conjunction.
1) She left for home after_______________________
2) When _______________________, Pedro started to laugh.
3) I won’t help you unless _______________________.
4) Do you know where _______________________?
5) Once _______________________, I was able to relax.
6) Chris closed the book before _______________________.
7) You can stay up late as long as _______________________.
8) While_______________________ , he relaxed under a tree.
9) I don’t remember if _______________________.
10) Now that _______________________, they often go to the theater.
Task 4.
Write two original sentences with each of the following conjunctions.
1. but
________________________________________
2. unless
________________________________________
3. neither . . . nor
________________________________________
4. where
________________________________________
5. how
________________________________________
6. and
________________________________________
7. not only . . . but also
________________________________________
8. for
110 ________________________________________
9. when
________________________________________
10. either . . . or
________________________________________
Task 5.
Fill in the blanks with an appropriate conjunction.
1. She was angry ……….. they hadn’t invited her to their party.
a. because b. so c. therefore
2. ……… you don’t deliver the project on time, they will cancel the contract.
a. If b. Until c. Unless
3. ……… he is lame, he walks with great difficulty.
a. As b. If c. Because
4. He is neither intelligent ………. hardworking.
a. or b. nor c. and
5. I will not permit this ……… you kill me.
a. even if b. even though c. as though
111 6. You cannot go ……….. you have finished
that report.
a. unless b. until
c. Either could be used here
7. ………. she doesn’t like you, why are you still chasing her?
a. If b. Whether c. Unless
8. ……… I worked day and night, I couldn’t meet the deadline.
a. Even though b. Even if c. As if
9. She is ………. beautiful that every guy in the neighborhood wants to marry her.
a. so b. such c. that
10. The higher you go, ……… it gets.
a. the colder b. the more cold c. colder
11. I may be blunt ……… at least I am honest.
a. but b. and c. so
12. She is beautiful ………. she squints a little.
a. although b. however c. even if
112 13. He was ……….. tired that he could barely stand.
a. so b. too c. very
14. You will get the award ……… you deserve it.
a. whether b. if
c. Either could be used here
15. You will not get the job ……….. you succeed in the interview.
a. if b. unless c. whether
16. . ……… she is of noble birth, she is not rich.
a. Though b. As c. Since
17. . ……….. there is life, there is hope.
a. As b. Since c. While
18. . ……… you have apologized, I will not sack you.
a. Since b. As c. Because
19. . ……….. he was the most deserving candidate, they appointed him.
a. Since b. Though c. Despite
113 20.Generally speaking, the houses in ……… the
Burmese live are made of bamboo.
a. what b. which c. that Task 6.
Fill in the correct conjunctions and linking words from the list. There may be more than one possibility!46
even though neither...nor during although which in order to in addition despite therefore
while so that whereas
however due to as well as both
1. This is Jack’s new mountain bike, ______________________ he got from his parents. He locks it up every evening______________________ nobody can steal it.
2. ______________________ my father loves jazz, he doesn’t often listen to it.
3. ______________________ we were driving through the country side, we saw lots of nice villages.
4. Honda makes cars ______________________ motorcycles.
5. Our flight attendants must be able to speak ______________________ English and Spanish.
6. The weather was perfect. It was ______________________
too hot ______________________ too cold.
46 https://www.english-grammar.at/worksheets/conjunctions/con002- conjunctions.pdf
114 7. Sally invited me to her party last weekend.
______________________, I had to tell her I couldn’t come.
8. I started to learn Italian ______________________ my stay in Rome.
9. ______________________ being the better team, we lost the match.
10. ______________________ we hadn’t eaten for over 12 hours, we weren’t hungry.
11. I arrived late for the show, ______________________ the bad traffic.
12. This cell phone costs 5 cents per minute, ______________________ the other has a flat rate.
13. He spent most of his time hanging around with friends.
______________________, he was not prepared for the exam.
14.She wakes up early ______________________ be on time for work.
15. This car offers 6 air bags and heating for your seats.
______________________, there is also a world-class stereo system installed.
Review Exercises
i. Underline the conjunction in each sentence.
1. Does Ben have a brother and a sister?
2. She plays the piano and the guitar.
3. Jake eats hot dogs or pizza for dinner.
4. Anna and Andy play outside.
5. The flowers are blue and pink.
6. He does not like eggs or bacon.
7. She sings and dances.
115 ii. Determine whether the conjunction in red type expresses addition, a choice, or contrast. Write A for addition, CH for a choice, or C for contrast.
1. Ben likes ice cream, but Susan likes popsicles. _____
2. She will go to the party or to the beach. _____
3. Maria and Jake watch television. _____
4. They see the stars and the moon. _____
5. The dog barks, but the cat purrs. _____
6. Ben walks or takes the bus. _____
7. He dives and jumps in the water. _____
iii. Complete each sentence with the appropriate conjunction.
Choose one of the following: and, or, but.
1. He enjoys reading _____________ running.
2. Will he dance with Susan _____________ Maria?
3. Anna has brown hair _____________ blue eyes.
4. He wants to swim, _____________ she wants to surf.
5. Ben _____________ Maria go to school together.
6. Does she like roses _____________ tulips?
7. He likes football, _____________ he prefers soccer.
116