CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD RESEARCH METHOD
C. Procedure of the Research
In this classroom action research, the research conducted based on the one group pre test and post test design. The reseacher took one class where the students were given on pre test before they were given material about speaking, that is showing felling. The students were also given post test after they were given the treatment. Then, the researcher would like to hold the research at least in two cycles. There were four steps in cycle, they were planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. If the first cycle had fail, the cycle must be reviewed for the second cycle. There was a relationship between one and other.
Here was steps classroom action research design by Jean Mc Kniff and Jack Whitehead:52
Figure 1
The explanation of the steps of cyle was follow:
52 McNiff, Jean and Jack Whitehead, Action Reasearch: Principles and Practice (Second Edition), London and New York:RoutledgeFalmer. 2002, p.41
act plan
observe
reflect act
plan
observe
reflect
1. Cycle 1 a. Planning
Planning was the first step in each activity. Here were step that the reseacher could make in planning:
1) The reseacher prepared the lesson plan, the material and the media.
2) The reseacher prepared sourch learning.
3) The reseacher planed to give the task and evaluation.
b. Acting
The second in the action research ws acting. It was the realization from the planning which had made by researcher. The steps were as follows:
1) Preparing
The reseacher observed the students in this research to know the problems in the process of learning. After getting the problems, the researcher arranged a learning design with an technique and evaluation.
2) Process of Learning
The reseacher used a sheet of observation. It aimed to make some notes of the activities in the process of learning speaking by using information gap technique.
A pre test was given to the students to know the early students’
ability before treatment and gave a post test to know the students
ability after they were taught by information gap technique. In this case, the reseacher would compare the scores before and after using information gap technique. It was aimed to see whether the students’
scores increased or not.
c. Observing
Observation was the activity to record the event and action. In this research, the observation did in a learning process. In other words, this observation finished together with action that had been mentioned in action stage. The observation in teaching learning process was recorded by using note. This was to know how far the students’ speaking ability by using information gap technique.
d. Reflecting
In this step the data got from observation in each action. From the data was analyzed to know the decrease or increase in learning process. It was used to increase the students’ speaking ablity in following cycle.
After comparing the score distribution of pre test and post test, the resacher reviewed and reflected the students’ attitude and performance whether it was positive or negative. The result is for evaluation material and for reflection to the second research.
2. Cycle 2
The step at the second cycle was same with the first cycle by the less action. Here were the step of second cycle:
a. Planning
Planning was the first step in each activity. Here were step that the reseacher could make in planning:
1) The reseacher prepared the lesson plan, the material and the media.
2) The reseacher prepared sourch learning.
3) The reseacher planed to give the task and evaluation.
b. Acting
The second in the action research was acting. It was the realization from the planning which had made by researcher. The steps were as follows:
1) Preparing
The reseacher observed the students in this research to know the problems in the process of learning. After getting the problems, the researcher arranged a learning design with an technique and evaluation.
2) Process of Learning
The reseacher used a sheet of observation. It aimed to make some notes of the activities in the process of learning speaking by using information gap technique.
A pre-test was given to the students to know the early students’
ability before treatment and gave a post test to know the students ability after they were taught by information gap technique. In this case, the reseacher would compare the scores before and after using information gap technique. It was aimed to see whether the students’
scores increased or not.
c. Observing
Observation was the activity to record the event and action. In this research, the observation did in a learning process. In other words, this observation finished together with action that had been mentioned in action stage. The observation in teaching learning process was recorded by using note. This was to know how far the students’ speaking ability by using information gap technique.
d. Reflecting
In this step the data got from observation in each action. From the data was analyzed to know the decrease or increase in learning process. It was used to increase the students’ speaking ablity in following cycle.
After comparing the score distribution of pre test and post test, the
resacher reviewed and reflected the students’ attitude and performance whether it was positive or negative. The result is for evaluation material and for reflection to the second research.