The role of photochemistry in the advancement of science may be appreciated with reference to the number of publications on this topic. Figure5.1shows the number of papers retrieved by Scifinder under the heading “photochemistry.” It may be appreciated that the number increases steadily and maintains roughly the same
134 5 The Role of Photochemistry in Chemistry
proportion to the papers in chemistry in general. It corresponds to ca. 1/20th of the whole of the scientific output in chemistry. It may be further observed that in the period 1975–1995 photochemistry increases more steadily, while in 1950–1965 the fraction of photochemical papers is slightly larger. The increase may be a conse- quence of the oil crisis that led to intensive investigations on water splitting by solar light photocatalysis as an alternative energy source. On the other hand, the inset in Fig.5.1, where the same data are reported with an expanded scale to allow for detecting the variations in the early times, evidences the strongly negative effect of the two World Wars. This is more conspicuous with an advanced discipline such as photochemistry, which suffers more than chemistry in general the negative effect of the loss of personnel and funding (specific researches were financed for strategic reasons, but this is scarcely reflected in the open literature, or at least not in the short term). The photochemistry production thus arrives three times at a relatively maximum value in chemistry, soon after 1910, with the actual discovery of photo- chemical reactions and the hope that this was to become one of the main paths in synthesis, soon after 1930, with the debate on the laws of photochemistry and the development of gas phase photochemistry, and after 1975, with photocatalysis and the availability of new instruments.
Fig. 5.1 Yearly number of documents on photochemistry (dotted: the same number20) vs. that on chemistry. In theinset: same data on an expanded scale
5.3 Publications in Photochemistry 135
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