CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
3.4 Instrument and Procedures of Collecting Data
An instrument is a tool that used for collect the data. This research applied pre-test and post-test as the instrument to find out the students’ ability in writing descriptive paragraph before and after giving treatment by using the dictogloss technique. The researcher used writing test in pre-test and post-test in which the students are asked to write descriptive paragraph to measure their ability in writing descriptive paragraph.
3.4.2 Procedure of Collecting Data
The procedure of collecting data were divided into three stages, they were:
3.4.2.1 Pre-test
In this stage, the researcher gave the students a writing test as the pre-test. The students asked to write a descriptive paragraph under the title “Waetuoe Beach”. The test was given to find out and measure the students’ ability in writing descriptive paragraph before giving treatment. The pre-test was held on Friday, November 2nd, 2018.
3.4.2.2 Treatment
After giving a pre-test, the researcher gave treatment to the students in the classroom. In this stage, the researcher used dictogloss technique to develop students’
ability in writing descriptive paragraph in four meetings total 80 minutes in each meeting.
3.4.2.2.1 The first treatment was held on Wednesday, November 7th, 2018
3.4.2.2.1.1 The researcher opened the class by greeting and praying together before teaching writing. Then, the researcher checked the students’ attendance and gave motivation to the students. After that, the researcher notified the basic competencies to be achieved.
3.4.2.2.1.2 The researcher introduced the dictogloss technique and explained the advantages and the procedures of the dictogloss technique that would be used in the learning process.
3.4.2.2.1.3 The students were divided into groups which each group consist of 4 or 5 students. The researcher gave a paper to the students, which on the paper contains some keywords that would be come up in the paragraph and a picture that illustrate the topic that used in the teaching process. The topic at the first meeting was about
“Library”.
3.4.2.2.1.4 The researcher dictated the text twice to the students in normal speed. In the first dictation the students did not write anything and in the second dictation the students wrote down or took note some keywords about the important information that they could catch from the text read without worrying about the best word.
3.4.2.2.1.5 The students were asked to discussed and pooled their notes with their friends and tried to reconstruct their own version and pay attention to the component of writing. The text should not be same at all with the original text, but the meaning should be same as the original text.
3.4.2.2.1.6 The students were asked to chose one of their member’s group to read their work in front of the class. Other groups were asked to pay attention what other groups’ read and they were asked to analyze and gave feedback by giving comment or suggestion with paying attention of other groups’ work in the aspects of content, grammar, mechanics etc.
3.4.2.2.1.7 The researcher gave a conclusion about the material and asked the students to gave questions, after that the researcher answered the questions.
3.4.2.2.1.8 The last the researcher closed the meeting by greeting and pray together.
3.4.2.2.2 The second treatment was held on Thursday, November 8th 2018
3.4.2.2.2.1 The researcher opened the class by greeting and praying together before study. Then, the researcher checked the students’ attendance and gave motivation to the students before studying. After that, the researcher notified the basic competencies to be achieved.
3.4.2.2.2.2 The students were asked to sat with their group’s friends like at the first meeting. The researcher gave a paper to the students, which on the paper contains some keywords that would be come up in material, and a picture that illustrate the topic that used in the teaching process. The topic in the second meeting was about
“The Ant”.
3.4.2.2.2.3 The researcher dictated the text twice to the students in normal speed.
Which is the first dictation the students do not have to wrote anything and in the second dictation the students wrote down or took note some keywords about the important information that they can catch from the text read without worrying about best word.
3.4.2.2.2.4 The students were asked to discussed and pooled their notes with their friends and try to reconstructed their own version and pay attention to the component of writing. The text should not be same at all like the original text, but the meaning should be same as the original text.
3.4.2.2.2.5 The students were asked to chose one of their member’s group to read their work in front of the class. Other groups were asked to pay attention what other groups’ read and they were asked to analyze and give feedback by giving comment or suggestion to others group by paying attention in the aspects of content, grammar, mechanics etc of other groups’ work.
3.4.2.2.2.6 The researcher gave a conclusion about the material and asked the students to gave questions, after that the researcher answered the questions.
3.4.2.2.2.7 The last the researcher closed the meeting by greeting and praying together.
3.4.2.2.3 The third treatment was held on Wednesday, November 14th, 2018
In the third treatment the researcher repeated all of the activity at the second treatment, and in this meeting, the researcher gave different material about a descriptive paragraph to the students unlike the other meeting before. The topic in the third meeting was about “A Chicken”.
3.4.2.2.4 The fourth treatment was held on Thursday, November 15th, 2018
In the fourth treatment the researcher repeated all of the activity at the second meeting, and in this meeting, the researcher gave different material about a descriptive paragraph to the students unlike the other meeting before. The topic in the fourth meeting was about “Favorite Teacher”.
3.4.2.3 Post-test
In this stage, the researcher gave the students a writing test as the post-test.
The researcher asked the students to write a descriptive paragraph under the title “My Best Friend”. The test was given to find out and measure the students’ ability in writing descriptive paragraph after giving treatment. The post-test was held on Wednesday, November 21st, 2018.