BAB 5 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.2 Saran
Berdasarkan kesimpulan penelitian, maka penulis merekomendasikan berupa saran-saran :
1. Dibutuhkan dukungan dan fasilitasi dari pemangku kepentingan untuk peningkatan penggunaan kemasan pada distribusi sayuran yang diperluas sampai dengan ke konsumen (from farm to the table), fasilitasi bisa berupa sosialisasi, akses informasi yang luas manfaat penggunaan kemasan untuk usaha distribusi sayuran.
2. Inovasi dalam teknologi pengemasan makanan, utamanya dengan mengetahui kemasan yang terbaik dan ekonomis untuk digunakan dalam rantai distribusi makanan terutamanya sayuran.
3. Pemerintah daerah kabupaten Mojokerto melalui bidang yang terkait dapat mendorong petani, pedagang dan konsumen untuk mengembangkan penggunaan kemasan pangan untuk mempertahankan mutu dari pangan sehingga memiliki umur penyimpanan yang lebih lama, sehat dan aman.
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Luo, Z., Chen, X., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Su, J., Yang, J., Lan, J., Ni, H., Zhang, S., &
Lin, H. (2023). Postharvest Water Loss Pattern of Golden Passion Fruit and Its Relationship with Quality Deterioration. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 44(1). https://doi.org/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022040066
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LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Hasil pengamatan terhadap bobot sayuran Perlakuan Bobot Awal
(gram)
Bobot Akhir
(gram) Perlakuan Bobot Awal (gram)
Bobot Akhir (gram) A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
513 524 520 523 516 529 528 532 512 513 520 516 518 522 517 518 517 520 516 512
506 524 518 523 516 528 528 524 511 511 511 505 510 513 513 514 511 513 510 506
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
D1
D2
D3
E1
E2
E3
F1
F2
F3
514 514 518 511 516 515 515 515 514 512 504 505 503 504 503 504 509 502 502
505 505 509 507 494 507 507 504 504 508 242 238 278 254 238 246 266 259 223
Lampiran 2. Pengaruh penggunaan kemasan plastik terhadap kehilangan hasil sayuran
Perlakuan
Kemasan Plastik Tanpa Kemasan
Ulangan
ke A B C D E F
1 1,365 1,731 1,751 49,603 51,984 47,741
2 0,000 2,132 1,751 52,684 52,871 48,406
3 0,385 1,544 1,737 51,190 44,732 55,578
4 0,000 1,724 0,783
5 0,000 0,774 4,264
6 0,189 0,772 1,553
7 0,000 1,161 1,553
8 1,504 1,346 2,136
9 0,195 1,163 1,946
10 0,390 1,172 0,781
Total 4,027 13,519 18,255 153,478 149,587 151,725 Rata2 0,403 1,352 1,826 51,159 49,862 50,575
Ulangan 10 10 10 3 3 3
Perhitungan:
Faktor Koreksi (FK)
=
=
(4,027 + 13,519 + . . . + 151,725)2 10 + 10 + 10 + 3 + 3 + 3
6.171,261
JK Total =
=
[ (1,365)2 + . . . + (55,578)2 ] – FK 16.961,340
JK Perlakuan = [ (4,027)2/10 + . . . + (151,725) 2/3] – FK
= 16.865,970
JK Galat = JK Total – JK Perlakuan
= 16.961,340 – 16.865,970
= 95,370
KT Perlakuan = JK Perlakuan / DB Perlakuan
= 16.865,970 / 5
= 3.373,194
KT Galat = JK Galat / DB Galat
= 95,368 / 33
= 2,890
F Hitung = KT Perlakuan / KT Galat
= 3.373,194 / 2,890
= 1.167,225
Tabel Anova Sumber Ragam
DB JK KT F.Hit F 0,05 F
0,01 Perlakuan 5 16.865,970 3.373,194 1.167,225** 2,500 3,630
Galat 33 95,370 2,890
Total 38 16.961,340 Keterangan : ** = Sangat berbeda nyata Uji jarak berganda Duncan
Sx =
√[𝐾𝑇𝐺𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑟 ]
LSR = SSR x Sx
2 3 4 5 6
SSR 2,860 3,010 3,100 3,170 3,220
Sx 0,538 0,538 0,981 0,981 0,981
LSR 1,537 1,618 3,043 3,111 3,160
Rata-rata
Perlakuan Selisih dua rata-rata LSR
5%
Taraf Nyata
D 51,159 ______ a
F 50,575 0,584 ______ 3,160 a
E 49,862 1,297 0,713 ______ 3,111 a C 1,826 49,333* 48,749 48,036 _____ 3,043 b B 1,352 49,807* 49,223 48,510 0,474 _____ 1,618 b A 0,403 50,756* 50,172 49,459 1,423 0,949 1,537 b
Keterangan : * = berbeda nyata
Kesimpulan = A, B dan C berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan D, E dan F
Lampiran 3. Hasil perhitungan penggunaan kemasan plastik terhadap nilai ekonomi dari sayur
Perlakuan Harga Awal (Rp.)
Harga Akhir
(Rp.) Perlakuan Harga Awal (Rp.)
Harga Akhir (Rp.) A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000
4.932 5.000 4.981 5.000 5.000 4.991 5.000 4.925 4.990 4.981 4.913 4.893 4.923 4.914 4.961 4.961 4.942 4.933 4.942 4.941
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
D1
D2
D3
E1
E2
E3
F1
F2
F3
5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000
4.912 4.912 4.913 4.961 4.787 4.922 4.922 4.893 4.903 4.961
504 473 488 480 471 553 523 516 444
Lampiran 4. Pengaruh penggunaan kemasan plastik terhadap nilai ekonomi dari sayur
Perlakuan
Kemasan Plastik Tanpa Kemasan
Ulangan
ke A B C D E F
1 4.932 4.913 4.912 504 480 523
2 5.000 4.893 4.912 473 471 516
3 4.981 4.923 4.913 488 553 444
4 5.000 4.914 4.961
5 5.000 4.961 4.787
6 4.991 4.961 4.922
7 5.000 4.942 4.922
8 4.925 4.933 4.893
9 4.990 4.942 4.903
10 4.981 4.941 4.961
Total 49.799 49.324 49.087 1465 1504 1483
Rata2 4.980 4.932 4.909 488 501 494
Ulangan 10 10 10 3 3 3
Keterangan : Harga jual sayur sawi, wortel dan buncis per unit (500 gr) @ Rp. 5.000,-
Perhitungan:
Faktor Koreksi (FK)
=
=
(49.799 +. . . + 1.483)2 10 + 10 + 10 + 3 + 3 + 3 597.582.009,5
JK Total =
=
[ (4.932)2 + . . . + (444)2 ] – FK 136.893.674
JK Perlakuan = [ (49.799)2/10 + . . . + (1483) 2/3] – FK
= 136.852.992
JK Galat = JK Total – JK Perlakuan
= 136.893.674 – 136.852.992
= 40.682
KT Perlakuan = JK Perlakuan / DB Perlakuan
= 136.852.992/ 5
= 27.370.598,319 KT Galat = JK Galat / DB Galat
= 40.682 / 33
= 1.232,794
F Hitung = KT Perlakuan / KT Galat
= 27.370.598,319 / 1.232,794
= 22.202,089
Tabel Anova
Sumber Ragam DB JK KT F.Hit F 0,05 F 0,01
Perlakuan 5 136.852.992 27.370.598,319 22.202,089** 2,500 3,630
Galat 33 40.682 1.232,794
Total 38 136.893.674
Keterangan : ** = Sangat berbeda nyata
Uji jarak berganda Duncan Sx =
√[𝐾𝑇𝐺𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑡 𝑟 ]
LSR = SSR x Sx
2 3 4 5 6
SSR 2,860 3,010 3,100 3,170 3,220
Sx 11,103 11,103 11,704 11,704 11,704
LSR 31,755 33,420 36,282 37,101 37,686
Rata-rata
Perlakuan Selisih dua rata-rata LSR
5%
Taraf Nyata
A 4.980 a
B 4.932 47 31,755 a
C 4.909 71 24 33,420 a
E 501 4.478* 4.431 4.407 36,282 b
F 494 4.486* 4.438 4.414 7 37,101 b
D 488 4.491* 4.420 4.420 13 6 37,686 b Keterangan : * = berbeda nyata
Kesimpulan = A, B dan C berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan D, E dan F
Lampiran 5. Tata Letak Penelitian
↑ U
D1 C1 B1 A1
E1 C2 B2 A2
F1 C3 B3 A3
D2 C4 B4 A4
E2 C5 B5 A5
F2 C6 B6 A6
D2 C7 B7 A7
E2 C8 B8 A8
F3 C9 B9 A9
C10 B10 A10
Keterangan:
A : Sawi dengan berat per unit sampel @ + 500 gr dikemas plastik B : Wortel dengan berat per unit sampel @ + 500 gr dikemas plastik C : Buncis dengan berat per unit sampel @ + 500 gr dikemas plastik D : Sawi dengan masing-masing @ + 500 gr tanpa dikemas plastik E : Wortel dengan masing-masing @ + 500 gr tanpa dikemas plastik F : Buncis dengan masing-masing @ + 500 gr tanpa dikemas plastik
Lampiran 6. Grafik Efisiensi Teknis Penggunaan Kemasan Plastik
Keterangan:
Sayur Menggunakan Kemasan Plastik = grafik lurus Sayur Tanpa Menggunakan Kemasan Plastik = grafik menurun 0
100 200 300 400 500 600
1 2
Grafik Perbandingan antar Perlakuan