Figure 72. Leaf blade surfaces. A-D. Festuca amplissima subsp. amplissima. A. Abaxial epidermis with ribs, densely covered with prickles. B. Abaxial epidermis, detail view of long cell with sinuous walls, rounded silica bodies, and prickles. C. Adaxial epidermis with long cells and regularly occurring stomata. D. Adaxial epidermis with long and short (silica bodies) cells, stomata (surrounded by wax), and prickles on the margin. E & F. F. coromotensis. E. Abaxial epidermis with regular ribs. F. Abaxial epidermis with detail of oval (sinuous) silica bodies and prickles. A & B, Barclay 7033 (COL); C & D, Liebmann 6110 (C); E, F, Stancik 4180 (PRC).
Figure 73. Leaf blade surfaces. A & B. Festuca coromotensis. A. Adaxial epidermis with ribs, sparsely covered with short macro- hairs. B. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of silica bodies, stomata and macro-hairs. C-F. F. elviae. C. Abaxial epidermis with long cells and regularly occurring silica bodies. D. Abaxial epidermis, detail view of silica bodies with short cork cell. E. Adaxial epi- dermis with regular ribs and short macro-hairs. F. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of stomata and cell walls covered by fine crystals of wax. A & B, Stancik 4180 (PRC); C-E, Stancik 4178 (PRC); F, Stancik 4171 (PRC).
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Figure 74. Leaf blade surfaces. A-D. Festuca flacca. A. Abaxial epidermis with small ribs densely covered with prickles. B. Adaxial epidermis covered with prickles and stomata. C. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of stoma and prickle. D. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of wax crystals. E & F. F. guaramacalana. E. Abaxial epidermis with regular ribs F. Abaxial epidermis with detail of circular silica bodies. A-D, Stancik 4180 (PRC); E & F, Stancik 4286 (PRC).
Figure 75. Leaf blade surfaces. A & B. Festuca guaramacalana. A. Adaxial epidermis with ribs, covered with macro-hairs. B. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of macro-hairs. C-F. F. sodiroana. C. Abaxial epidermis with small ribs and occasionally occurring prickles.
D. Abaxial epidermis, detail view of long and short (silica bodies) cells. E. Adaxial epidermis with regular ribs and sparse short macro-hairs. F. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of stoma. A & B, Stancik 4286 (PRC); C-F, Stancik 2632 (PRC).
Festuca in South American Paramos 151
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Figure 76. Leaf blade surfaces. A-D. Festuca ulochaeta. A. Abaxial epidermis with small ribs. B. Abaxial epidermis, detail view of prickle and silica bodies with cork cells. C. Adaxial epidermis with small ribs and regurally occurring stomata and short macro- hairs. D. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of stomata and macro-hairs. E & F. F. caldasii. E. Abaxial epidermis densely covered with prickles. F. Abaxial epidermis with detail of oval (sinuous) silica bodies and prickles. A-D, Stancik 4179 (PRC); E & F, Laegaard 20405 (AAU).
Figure 77. Leaf blade surfaces. A & B. Festuca caldasii. A. Adaxial epidermis with small ribs and regurally distributed stomata and macro-hairs. B. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of stomata covered by wax. C-F. F. reclinata. C. Abaxial epidermis with long cells and regularly occurring stomata and slender prickles. D. Abaxial epidermis, detail view of prickles and stomata. E. Adaxial epidermis with small ribs; regurally occurring prickles and stomata. F. Adaxial epidermis with detail of prickles and wax covering cell walls. A & B, Laegaard 102535 (AAU); C-F, Cuatrecasas & Barriga 9970 (COL).
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Figure 78. Leaf blade surfaces. A-D. Festuca woodii. A. Abaxial epidermis with ribs, densely covered with prickles. B. Adaxial epidermis with pronounced ribs densely covered with prickles. C. Adaxial epidermis with detail view of stomata laying between two ribs. D. Adaxial epidermis with detail view of prickles and waxes covering cell walls. E & F. F. arundinacea. E. Abaxial epidermis with regular ribs and rows of prickles. F. Abaxial epidermis with detail view of stomata and silica bodies. A-D, Wood 5254 (COL); E & F, Stancik3221 (PRC).
Figure 79. Leaf blade surfaces. A & B. Festuca arundinacea. A. Adaxial epidermis with rows of stomata between small ribs.
B. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of long cells interrupted by short cells (silica bodies and cork cells). C-F. F. quadridentata.
C. Abaxial epidermis covered by prickles. D. Abaxial epidermis with detail view of prickles and short cells. E. Adaxial epidermis with pronounced ribs densely covered with prickles and wax. F. Adaxial epidermis with detail of wax and prickles. A & B, Stancik 3221 (PRC); C-F, Laegaard & Sklendf 20308 (PRC).
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Figure 80. Leaf blade surfaces. A. Festuca quadridentata. Abaxial epidermis with detail view of wax. B-F. F. venezuelana. B. Ab- axial epidermis with small ribs covered by prickles. C. Abaxial epidermis with detail view of silica bodies and prickles. D. Adaxial epidermis with small ribs with prickles, stomata and silica bodies. E. Adaxial epidermis. F. Adaxial epidermis with detail view of prickles, stomata and silica bodies. A, Laegaard & Sklendf 20308 (PRC); B-F, Stancik 4263(PRC).
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Figure 81. Leaf blade surfaces. A-F. Festuca fragilis. A. Abaxial epidermis densely covered with prickles and silica bodies. B, C. Abaxial epidermis with detail view of silica bodies and prickles. D. Adaxial epidermis with ribs and macro-hairs. Stomata on the bottom of ribs. E. Adaxial epidermis with detail view of macro-hairs and stomata. F. Adaxial epidermis with detail view of wax covering cell walls. A-C, Wood 5259 (COL); D-F, Stancik4248 (PRC).
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Figure 82. Leaf blade surfaces. A-E. Festuca fimbriata. A. Abaxial epidermis with ribs. B. Abaxial epidermis, detail view of silica bodies, prickles and stomata. C. Adaxial epidermis with pronounced ribs covered densely with prickles. D. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of ribs with prickles and silica bodies on the top of ribs, stomata between the ribs. E. Adaxial epidermis, detail view of stoma and wax on the cell walls. F. F. rubra. Abaxial epidermis with long and short cells. A-E, Brade & Kuhlman 15631 (PRC);
F, Stancik 3457 (PRC).
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