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100 00 000 00 100 00 101 00 101 oo 101 00 101 10 111 10 111 10 101 00 101 10 101 10 101 10 101 10 101 10 101 0\

101 10 101 00 101 00 101 oo 101 00 101 0\

101 00 101 00 101 00 101 \0 101 oo 001 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 oo 101 01 101 01 101 00 101 oo 101 00 101 00 101 0\

101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 100 00 100 00 100 00 100 00 100 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 101 00 HI 00 101 0\

101 00 101 00

THE BOTANICAL REVIEW

••, • .. APPcndix- I

Restnct.on Site Character Data

AnaaochloA

Sc?«Ptochi,t, Phtrum XhrhtrCA Oryx A LAArAlA Srmmitla BAmbuii PmudomAMA GUAdUA OtAtAA HthAchnA OlyrA

"^-i'tida Arunda MollaiA PhrAgmite*

D&ntbonlA d'AMAnthlum a PAnicuji P^aalAACUA,

H1*CAath\iA

*fPktpo3oa ZrAgroAtli

Z°YAlA

"I'tlchll, SpArtloA Sporabolu*

'"chylytzim

Lys«UA\

NAX-dUA

•**PAl°dA.A,a.

H'AA,11A

"PtAthAruA, AnlAapogoa

***"lypodluj, d

"•JJC4 .

"•lie c

"yCArlA . GlycArlA d

^•rrh.n,

S°l"iAZ-A SlymiA '"idlccyoa

Ph'lAriA

•^•PhlbTOAUA

AgroAtlA

D'AchAA,PAiA

*^rrl>AnAthArum AYAOA TrlAAtUM

SAAlAriA POA Puccln.Ul.

GA tAbTOAA I'uipJi LoJiua, 4

ioJiuj. p

oioo\\oooiion,\2?,J1°°"oo

°"ioooooii\^"\"°°"oo OlOlWoooiil, °10Wiooiooo

"\\«xo%0.0iii.0oGj0ov\\i"««o 00OOUOO011 Z.'WUoiooo

°«ii»oo£iv\%"\\\1""oo

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oiooiiooon.,,:,? u"oiooo oioouoooii^°1°°°10iiooo O"o\\oo^iin"1<nu\llooi

o"o\\oo^iiS•"u°oooooo o o ° o \ \ o o ""SS J » °? " V Woo oooouoo0,,J"000010"!iooo

oioiooooonS•?\\\Uoil\o

"loiooooononSiSr1100"00

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oioovsooooioooio,^"000 0100\\000110001ni^00i000

0"o\\oooii;o0;j?",lol]"oo

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oooiooooooioooiou^00000

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01 110 01 100 01 110 01 110 01 llo 01 110 01 110 01 no 01 llo 01 110 01 110 01 110 11 010 H 110 11 110 11 110 01 110 11 no n no ii no ii no ii no n no oi no oi no 01 100 01 110 01 110 oi no 01 110 oi no oi 010 01 100 01 100 01 100 01 100 01 110 01 010 01 010 01 010 00 100 01 100 01 100 01 110 oi no 01 110 01 110 01 no 01 110 01 110 oi no oi no 01 110 oi no 01 110 oi no 01 110 oi no oi no 01 110 oi no oi no 01 110 oi no 01 111 01 111 oi no 01 010 01 110 oi no

'""777777 00 ''""77777 00 ooooooioooo in 01000100000 10 11000100000 lo 10000010000 10 10001010000 10 10000010001 10 10000010001 10 10000010000 lo 10001010000 10 10001010000 10 10000010000 10 10000010000 10 10000010000 10 10001010000 10 10001010000 10 10000010100 10 10000010100 10

10000010100 10 10000010100 10 10000010100 l0

10001010100 10

"001010100 10 10001010100 io 10001010100 lo 10001010100 10

looonioi\o io

"ooooioioo io

"000010100 10

"000010100 10 10000000100 10 10000010100 10

"000010100 10 10000010000 10 loooioooooo io loooooooioo io oooooooiooo 10 ooooooooooo 10 oooooooiooo io 00J0000O100 10 10000000000 10 loooioooooo 10 loooioooooo ll loooioooooo 10 ooooiooooio in oooooooooio io ooooiooooio 10 ooooiooooio 10 ooooioooooo 10 ooooooooooo 10 10010000000 11 10010000000 n 10010000000 11

"010000000 u

"010000000 11 oooiooooooo JJ oooioooiooo 10 00O1000\000 10 oooiooooooo li oooiooooooo 10 oooiooooooo io oooiooooooo 10

"010000000 l0

"000000000 l0

10001000100 lo loooioooooo io ooooooooooo 10 oooioooooio 10

oooiooooooo 10 oooiooooooo 10 oonooooooo 10 Joiiooooooo 10 oooiooooooo 10 oooiooooooo ,1

777 777 000 000 000 000 000 ooo 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 ooo 000 000 100 000 IOC 101 10\

io\

100 100 100

\u 101 001 loi ior 101 loi 00\

000 ooo 000 000 000 000 \\\

000 000 000 000 000 000 o\\

000 000 00\

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000 000 000 010 010 010 010 010 000 ooo 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000

PHYLOGENETICS AND CHARACTER EVOLUT,ON IN POACEAE

1112223334<«7777 »8J0 1 45S0574587820S5S 1JS1 x 33S042252133t1Sl 1350 1

WAUmuUm 461AT

. WWUWWUUoo ooio o

• 0001011101000100 0010 0 0001011101000110 0110 0 0001011101000100 0110 0 0001011100000100 0110 1 0001000101000100 0110 1 0001001001000100 0110 1 0001001001000100 0110 1 0001011101000100 1110 \ 0001011101000100 0110 0 0001011101000100 0110 0 000101U01000100 0100 0 0001011101000100 0110 0 0001011101000100 0110 0 0001011101000100 0110 0 0001011101010100 0110 0 0001011101000100 0100 0 0001011101000100 0110 0 0001011101000100 0110 0 0001011101000100 0110 0 0001010101000100 0110 0 0001011101000101 0110 0 0001011101000101 0110 0 0001001101000100 0110 0 0001011101000001 0110 0 oooioinoioooioo ono 1 0001011111000100 0110 0 oooioinoioooioo ono o 0011011101000100 0110 0 0011001111010100 Olio 0 0011011101010100 0110 0 0011011101010100 0110 0 0011011101010100 0110 0 oooioinoioooioo m\ , oooioinoioooioo 0111 1 oooioinoioooioo 0111 i oooioinoioooioo 0111 o 0001010101000100 0111 0 0101O11101O00100 0111 o 0101011101000100 0111 0 oooioinoioooioo 0111 \ oooioinoioooioo 0111 o 0001011101000100 0111 0 oooioinoioooioo oiii o 0001011101000000 0111 0 0001001101000000 0111 0 0001001101000000 0111 0 oooioinoiiooooo oiii a 0001011100100000 0111 0 oooioinoioooioo 0111 0 oooioinoioooioo 0111 o oooioinoioooioo 0111 o 1001011101000100 0111 0 iooioinoioooioo oni o 1001011101000100 0111 0 oooioinoioooioo nn o oooioinoioooioo nn I oooioinoioooioo nn o oooioinoioooioo nn i oooioinoioooioo nn f oooioinoioooioo nn I oooioinoioooioo nn \ oooioinoioooioo nn i 0001010101000100 nn o oooiimoioooioi nn ; oooiinioioooioo nn I 0001011101001100 11 c, oooioinoioonoo Sin 0

oooioinoioooioo nil i oooioinoioooioo oni 0

oooiomoiooiuo oni J oooioinoioonoo oni I oooooinoiooiioo oiii I oooooiiioioonoo oiii J

111122322233444555S5S77778 83 i"

83U7200S88855S4210tB312S83 83 5

\\^\W"u6o°o66o6u6°° ofi?

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SP^SoooUWWiuooowooooo ll J Si\o^\^•00?moc"",lll"|oooo io 0 M^\\sonoolo°oo1ooooooo 11 1 S,\vSnS\\xooooo"\°oiiiooooo ii i SiiSS^00000101oooiooooio ii l

oiiooo\\\oooooioioooiooooio ii 1

°u°oo\woooooio\ooiio6ooio ii i

S\vSSS\\Noooooio,>ooiiooooio ii i S\s^,\Uoooooio\°oi"oooio ii i

^^,1J00000010^o1o"oooo io 0 o\VS^00<">001°\ooi1oooooo n 1 o\\^\\°0<"looooiooiiiooooo ii i onooo\\\oooo\ooiooiiooooio ii i

;,\\?oD\\\ooooiooiooioSiSSJo ii j

0\\000\\\000010010011000000 ll n

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\\\l^,\\\0°001°0\oonoooooo n i Wl°ooi\\\oo\iooiooiioooooo \i £ oooooo\\\oo\oionooi£ooo"S U o oooooo\\\ooioiooiooiooooon ii ? ooooooWNooioiooiooiooooou ii i oooooo\\\ooioiooiooiooooooo ii i

°?°?ooi\ooioiiooiooiZio" ii i ooooooi\ooomooiooioo\\ooo ii ,

°0,°?oo"ioioooooiooioSooo" iii oooiX^SJ!10?000,iooi"ooooo ii'i SSS£SS^ooooxo\0\oo"ooiooo ii i

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???OO?IIOOIOOOIOIOOIIOOOOOI £i i

0000001000100010100110000o£ 11 , 0o?"??oooUoooio\ooiiS;"" ii i

SSJSSSiS^iS^iSSSSiS ooooioioooooooiiuono•"" ii ! ooooioioooooooinooiiSSSiSo0 ii.°

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THE BOTANICAL REVIEW

IX. Append* 2: Structural Characters andStates

tersley & Watson, 1992; "W&D" = Watson ^nn Dah!grenetal. 1985; "H&W" = Hat Dallwitz, 1992 (Elicit'for taxa in S° s other& 1992: ?'" = n° "Port in Watso" &

servaaon of specimens at the L. H. Bailey H nodim ' " - "^ 'T' °bS'" " ""»»•' °b

= homology ambiguous or observed sta"e inteSi^ K mappllCab1^ "?" = unobserved;

P-e states [in brackets] signify polymorphtm Tbs famb " ^'^ Sta!"' M^' whe eone ormorestates are determined tbe absent?" m,fV '" mu!tistatech•rs, and 2, stgmfies polymorphism of states olnd I olinfl'f ]foracha•*r with states 0, 1 determ,ned to be absent, but discrim nat» erf en ^T ^°0 ^ ^ ' '"

G"aaW1S included in Bambusa, and £«»/,?., 'P ' ° and ! has n« been made) t.on onBaloskion is to be WinTn^n "fl,W' byWatSOnMdDaI1^- InformS

y H. P Linder orB. Bri

, ^^2^^ «ep« when proved

ul numbers (or ranges) following each character d scrim Dnr " ^^^ F°Urindivid"

fthe character on 12 most-parsimonious trecTobSl ^TentrMUltSOfoj,timiz"ⁱ°'' fon sue and structural data (see text), the foJrZhbysimult•s analysis of restric P^'-n.oustrees.numberofextrastep btondmZuT • T^ °^f^St=P^S ^on •»- tent with trees, consistency index, and Ln£d««? ^U?d,fchm««*«co•sis.

^ Polymorphism within terminals not hcS tadcS2K^;,,S,, ^ '^"^

CULM 1: Perennating and branching woody culms- 0 - ab,,m. i

0^-- 16) for a strict defLtTo "JS? 4;• N0TE: *« Soderstrom grasses. 2, 1,0.50,0.80 y rSUS herbace°« in Bambusoid

^ufrSfn ^brr"'

bUtWhe

*

erVegetatiV£

»°»

^

or are Hgnified

«-^S^ *"" '^^ = ° CB,ac, 1

⁹⁶⁰

,

2: Culm mtemodes:0 = solid; 1 = hollow NOTF-rv

tennediate. 11, 10,0.09,0 05^ E'OCCUrTenCeofasmaIIPore is considered in-

^%^Wa = 0 (DCY; pers. obs.) f/«*to»=l(B. Brigg,, pe•. comm.).

^">w//ea=i(DCY;pcrs.obs.)

«* p

[0,,, •••,

Wra

.

0(EWng=r4cuta| i97j;Btm

^ ^

JWA<wito(nr). Danthonia californica = 1 (pers obs 1

PHYLOOENETICS AND CHARACTER EVOLUT.ON ,N POACEAE

Set [w^m r

WU/

° " }'

inClUd£din

**»

inHitch

-*, 1969.

Penn•tumW&n iS* V"^'"m " ' (EbinSer&C^len, 1975).

or hollow (Ebin^rrcarlen!' 19^. " ^ * ^

°

^r£^(Br0Wn^et

"- ' «9),

LEAF

NOTE: Characters 4 through 6 are inappHcable for BMon(B. Briggs, pers. comm.).

3: Leaf sheath margins: 0 = free; 1 = fused at least •/. of length 5 4 0 20 0 fin Flagellana indica = 1 CDers ob<: ^ K•t th. • , ' ' ' 0'60'

DCY). * }' bUt *= genUS IS P°lym°rphic (pers. obs., contra Bahskion = 0 (pers. obs.).

JoinvilUa - 0 (DCY; pers. obs.)

«:Adaxialligul= type: 0 = membrane (with or without fringe of hairs)' 1-fri•, f, • , 4,3,0.25,0.62. • ""S= "i nairs;, l -tnnge of hairs only.

Flagellana = -, no ligules (pers. obs.).

Joinvillea - 0, when present (DCY; pers. obs )

5: Abax.a contra-) Iigule: 0 = absent; 1 = present. 1, 0, 1.00,1 00 Flagellana - 0 (pers. obs.).

Joinvillea - 0 (pers. obs.).

Bambusa (nr). Bambusa = 1 (Davidse et a] 10041 n J.

1990; pers. obs.). ' "4)>5ami^ W"/">/" =] (J^iewicz, aw?Bea(nr) aM?«ea- 1 (Soderstrom & Cald=r6n, 1978: fig 2)

£>»«ito (nr). £••,,(, . o (V. Hollowell, pers. comm ) }' Guadua^nr). Guadua= 1 (Judziewicz 1990)

O/yro (nr). O/yra /ar,/0//a - 0 (pers. obs.).

Oryzo (nr). Oryza saliva = 0 (pers. obs.).

Mon/j (nr). PAaruj to,/0//UJ = o (pers obs )

J//,0 (W&D [01 ]). Stlpa barba,a - 0 (Bor, 1968; Maninovskv 1980) 6: Pseudopettole: 0-absent; 1 »present. 1-2, 0-1, 0.50-100 ^ ^

Flagellana - [01] (pers. obs.). \ Joinvillea = I (pers. obs.).

i

76 THE BOTANICAL REVIEW

SPIKELET

florets. Pseudospikelets in A*,*• and cXare p ib v h m7 *"**"* ,pikeletl °r

grass-rype florets are evident. However MZS • > ^ t0eachother' and

are neither aiike nor of the BambuTac feT and £ H m f^chloa and J^/ocAfl,to

bract, with those of typicai grass spjta•o?2o*M? °^ °f ^ °fa" °fthcir "oral Soderstrom,1989). P n°rCtS ,samb'S"ous (C&R; Judzicwicz &

7: Pedicel of spikelet: 0 - absent; 1 - preSent. 5,4, 0 20 0 31 Amphipogon (W&D equivocal, not truly sessile! Amnhin '

sessile (Black, 1960). miysesiii^AmPf"Pogon strict- 1, spikelets sub- Chasmanthium (W&D [01]). Chasmanthium latifolium - 1 n,H,V i

*««»*/*-. - 1, spikelets subsessile (Hitcttk 195H PreSent• a~

"To'LT ^ t0SftISe *** ^ - '. «lile (V. Hollowell pers .. P• femaVsterile florets in fertile spikelets: 0 - absent; 1 - presen, 7 6

£e ts^ ^^srafsr"

1987). y P StCnIefloretsor S

^b

; ^Iow

mes (Nunez, 1968; Clifford,

*• -^«- - -

Ehrharta « 1

0.07-0.08,0.45-0.50 nt' * Prcscnt- 13-14, 12-13

ter 11 is inapplicable for toas•0 for CSK,". d°•'; ^TH: Charac for tea polymorphic for character 10 6 4 0 33 n 1 " °°nSldered »PPK«ble very short sinus (Tutin, 1980; pers. obs ) CW [0!^' awntenninal or from a Amphipogon (description by W&D dn« ••tii 1

. «**, ôu, LbiguL.ts nS â fs r r ^to ôm ^states) - ^<-

^tfo/w*• (W&D 1). Anisopogon avenaceus - 1 h °"

sinus in our interpretation (Black 1960! ' awns- *e cental from a distinct

^f^.a^ ⁰ ^"bSS ^W ^ ^ft ? ^hort - ^alm ° ^; < ^te ^ -

Gwafca (W&D G,flAfl mucronate) G^ = n^ ,(PCrS- °bS°'

mm awn (Davidse et al 1994) ' ° °' SplCUlateorin •»e species with a 3-5 Schizachne (W&D awned from just below a sinuO c 1 • •

cock, 1969). J I0WaSmus)- &WA« - [12], variable (Hitch-

PHYLOGENETICS AND CHARACTER EVOLUTION ,N POACEAE Stipa Nassella, and Piptatherum (W&D 0) The awn in <?H

sinus when lateral lobes are present sioah T, rn??" 'SlnterPretcd « from a Mdula = [01], lobes to 1.5 mm cs^m ofaht , 7i ' ^ I968)" andN°"«l°

miiiaceum - 0, no lobes evidS" obs ( ^^ '969)' Pip'°'hs• 12: Disarticulation above glumes- 0 - ahem. 1

FLOWER

lodSânâ" îT^S^^SS^^ *« have Sepals rather than acter 14. Character 14 is scored as TbiSou iSl, /^ ^ ^ WeSCOred ° f- <*•>

mology of structures sometimes called SSS SZ^"'8-^ ^0,"0C*/M' aStheh°"

app .cation of lodicule characters 17 and 18 byW&S i i^' • ^^ Rep0rting and

ava,la le illustrations for our taxa (e.g., lodiculeTfn sZ * ^ ^ h'teraturea"d

nous, heavily vascularized). We ob e£ dSuIe, o5" ^^ " ^ or fora- mens and onginal literature (Jirasek & Jo^va%% %£££% P°SSiblefr0m «!*>

14: Lodicules: 0 - absent; 1 =presen, 3>2,0 33 0 50

*(pa (W&D 3 or rarely 2). Stipa = T231 tt,•

Tzvelev, 1977). P P3]'threC °r ^ rareIy ^0 lodicules (Bor 1968-

^sed in ^Stt ft" or

r ««-[0I], free or possibly fused onSr'l ^ Tek&Jozifova> 1968); G.^i.

? ,^ S K£S2SO"} f? ^cock> ¹⁹⁶⁹ ^

n al• 1^986; p^ ^'^ " ' ^^ &W•• 1980; Campbell et Van'konia fa). Danthonia calif,bmica ~ I «•< u*

/'on/cum Cnrt /W«, , "oilowell, pers. comm.).

<•« Cnrj.FaWC«m vfr^j,- ] (pers. obs)_ ;

. 78

THE.BOTANICAL REVIEW

57;>o (nr). A/pa barbata - 0 (Bor, 1968).

19: Stamen number: I = one; 2 = two; 3 = three- 4 = fw- < - r r •

0.36-0.40,0.36-0.45. tnree-4 ~ fo«, 5 - five; 6 = s,x. 10-11, 6-7, Flagellaria = 6 (DCY).

^'«*to»(Wo-[l23];DCY)./i•,to,«•pM/ltf-3(H P Lindcr&B Bri•

comm.). •• k i-inaera^B. bnggs, pers.

Joinvillea = 6 (DCY).

Anthoxanthum (W&D [K^Anthaxanthum odoratum = 2 (Tzvelev 1977- Tmin i asm WW (W&D [123]). Diarrhea obovata - [23] (G atP2 Fln'J1 ' ^

1986). L J <-ureat ^la>ns Flora Association, EhrhartaWVD [346]). £A,W,a ca/^cMa = 6 (Black, 1960)

tT"'°i!m^[1236I)'^ZeeW'^a^v&*^,Wcfl = ^ CFcmald, 1950)

«,//,«, (W&D [123]). Vulpia alopecuros - 3 (Stace 1980

20: Styles fused at least at base: 0-absent;! -present NOTF-TW•r, , •

S" 56. °* "°

^rCd

" •

^bi8

• <°<

^ih

•"' 20. 8-9. 7-8° 0 1,•":

Flagellaria = 0 (DCY).

Baloskion = 1 (B. Briggs, pers. comm.).

/»= [01], variable within the species, sometimes fused for a short distance Anomochloa (nr). Anomochloa*=\ (Clifford 1987-77-w,- • oo ,

WM and Zj»«/« (W&D 1). Both - \ (Clifford, 1987)

C^fpCY)" °

ne;2=tW

°

~

threS;4

" ^

" ^ °^

«:: its. ¹²³ ' ^DCY) '^"' ^o ^/e ^^ - ² ^ ^! - ^k -»«»•

£**«, (W&D 2). £remte = i (v. Hollowell, pers. comm.)

Luhachne (W&D 1). Lithachne humilis - 2 (Juciziewicz, 1990- pers obs )

Pennon (nr). JPWrffc^ inferred to be - 2, no reports t the contra^ found in Ely

.

RlVh

T

(

? f-"

WaSf0nDerlyincluded

)-

orforth

<= tribe (C&R-

S

c•d

f

T

,

branChingPreS£nt:

'

=Sim

»

^anch'ed? w th b anches

• f T

°n

8atePapiI

'

aterCCeptiveCeIIs

'

orwi

* very short branch composed of a few papillate receptive cells, but in the latter case the .tioJ..,. ?

oudtae); 2 - primary (branches well developed, c^~

fS«TdiS pap late receptive eel s, secondary branches absent or minimally develop dX masil«oeol«eorb

,ader);3-5econd«y(,coond«y to tertiary branches welded ped, branches composed of series of dispersed papillate receive cells NOTE In

the present study only stigmas with state 2 or 3 are called plumose. Th chapter is lev Tm HelTf' ^W** references n^lBS^SS^

lev, 1977, Heslop-Harnson & Shivanna, 1977. Specific references for Bambusoids

PHYLOGENETICS AND CHARACTER EVOLUTION IN POACEAE

79 are Camus, 1913; Clark & Londofio, 1991; Judziewicz, 1987- Judziewicz & Snri, strom ,989; McClure, 1973; Soderstrom, 1980; SodersnSn«*££& 1978 Soderstrom & Zuloaga, 1989. 5, 3 0 40 0 72 Cameron, iy/ij, Flagellaria = 1 (DCY; Engler& Prantl, 1888; Heslop-Harrison & Shivanna 1977)

tZ^Z In B

Black, 1960), and B. Bnggs (pers. comm.) refers to it as plumose. We recognize it as ]

B

DCY)

;

ReSti

°

'

raphylhS

^ ***** P--5 br hing

amb.Buous-w.th regard to states 1 and 2, and regard state 3 as absent

Jomv.lea - 1 (DCY; Engler & Prantl, 1888). Both Cronquist (1981) and DCY r, • , stigmas of Joinvillea as plumose, but the stigmas are simp.^ ffiSSS pnmary branches evident in illustrations (DCY; Engler & Prantl issfi. , Heslop-Harrison & Shivanna, 1977). ^: ' 88' ^See ^aIso Eremitis (nr). Erimilis = 1, (V. Hollowell, pers. comm.).

FRUIT AND EMBRYO

e«£ unareTayrefCrt00ryZ°PSiSMiChX" **»"»- left utcoSrThTra ters 26-31 unless data were specifically available under that name.

23: Number of ovules per pistil: 1 - one; 2 - two; 3 - three. 2, 0, 1.00, 1 00 J-lagellana = 3, one ovule per locule and 3 locules (DCY).

Baloskion - 2, two locules, one ovule per locule (Black, 1960) Joinvillea = 3, one ovule per locule and 3 locules (DCY)

24: H,lum:0 = linear-long, >V, length of grain; I n nonlinear, <Vo length of grain elliptical or

ilS?•&DSr °rt)' ^*"*°" = 1. Punctiform (Black, 1960).

AZ1W*£ ft-'H^ ^«*/»»7*«» --0; long-linear (pers. obs.).

bXeSoS: "WD^°1'Sh^broadI^^ate1l/51eng&of8Taini;ub- C«/a«^,to (W&D short). Calamagnvtl* - 0, long-linear (Nees, 1843; pers obs)

TH /" length of gram, basal to sub-basal- (pers obs) =">P"cai, 10 ( &K° t0^- CA•'«- tot^«««" - 1. narrowly eUPtical/5 DanthonU, (W&D usually long-linear). ZJfl«rt0flte californica « 0, long-linear (pers.

£rem//fa (nr). £««/«> - 0 (V. Hollowell, pers. comm ) °"

'trSr

"

nlMB<

* ^•

« " I. -Hpdcd small, 1/5 length of

'XTsS ^short) ' ^p "^ ^/to " ^v> ^,/3 ^Iength ' ^narrow!y ^eIIiptical ^(Bor - ^l968:

25: Embryo position and structure: 0 = embedded, simple; 1 - lateral, grass-type NOTE- The grass-type embryo is lateral, peripheral to the endosperm. anfdiffe^Sn ii (Reeder 1957; Cronquist, 1981; DCY). Although presence of this type ofSteyS not explicitly recorded by W&D, state 1 is inferred for all grasses foTwlich SeyTe ord embryo characters. 1, 0, 1.00, 1.00. "ieyrec-

THE BOTANICAL REVIEW

26: Embryo epiblast: 0 - absent; 1 Lf^L 8 * 'Jjf•-- » ** (DCY).

Brachypodlum (W&D [Oil Hlw , ^ 195°: fig' 63>>

»«• - 1 (Mlada, 177- p IV ^"7 *f ""'T " ° (Mlada" '977' P'- Di * P- GuflAo (nr).. Gi/flAfl = 1 (Reeder 1962) pLV)'

£«««. Cm). Av««i* = 1 (Kennedy, 1899- pis 25 & ?« '

1964). ' CM"*rM »• Nees, Scbauer] Rchb. in Decker, 27: Embryo scutellar tail- 0 = aWnf I _ -

figs. 29 & 51; Mlada, 1977- pi rv" °""" [0IJ. Polymorphic (Kennedy, ] S99-

Dalam dokumen THE BOTANICAL REVIEW - Smithsonian Institution (Halaman 38-43)

uuwuwwwuw

y H. P Linder orB. Bri

, ^^2^^ «ep« when proved

^ufrSfn ^brr"'

*

»°»

^

or are Hgnified

«-^S^ *"" '^^ = ° CB,ac, 1

,

«* p

[0,,, •••,

.

^ ^

Set [w^m r

° " }'

**»

-*, 1969.

or hollow (Ebin^rrcarlen!' 19^. " ^ * ^

°

"- ' «9),

i

£e ts^ ^^srafsr"

b

; Iow

*• -^«- - -

. «**, ^ou, LbiguL.ts nS a fs r r to om states) - ^*<*-

^f^.a^ 0 ^"bSS W ^ ft ? hort - alm ° ; < te ^ -

? ,^ S K£S2SO"} f? cock> 1969 ^

S" 56. °* "°

" •

•

<°<

•"' 20. 8-9. 7-8° 0 1,•":

C^fpCY)" °

°

~

" ^

" ^ °^

«:: its. 123 ' DCY) '^"' o /e ^^ - 2 ^ ! - k -»«»•

.

T

? f-"

)-

<= tribe (C&R-

S

c•d

f

T

,

'

»

^anch'ed? w th b anches

•

f T

°n

'

'

* very short branch composed of a few papillate receptive cells, but in the latter case the .tioJ..,. ?

oudtae); 2 - primary (branches well developed, c^~

fS«TdiS pap late receptive eel s, secondary branches absent or minimally develop dX masil«oeol«eorb

,ader);3-5econd«y(,coond«y to tertiary branches welded ped, branches composed of series of dispersed papillate receive cells NOTE In

tZ^Z In B

B

;

°

'

^ ***** P--5 br hing

'trSr

"

* ^•

« " I. -Hpdcd small, 1/5 length of

'XTsS short) ' p "^ /to " v> ,/3 Iength ' narrow!y eIIiptical (Bor - l968:

^b

; ^Iow

. «**, ôu, LbiguL.ts nS â fs r r ^to ôm ^states) - ^<-

^f^.a^ ⁰ ^"bSS ^W ^ ^ft ? ^hort - ^alm ° ^; < ^te ^ -

? ,^ S K£S2SO"} f? ^cock> ¹⁹⁶⁹ ^

«:: its. ¹²³ ' ^DCY) '^"' ^o ^/e ^^ - ² ^ ^! - ^k -»«»•

'XTsS ^short) ' ^p "^ ^/to " ^v> ^,/3 ^Iength ' ^narrow!y ^eIIiptical ^(Bor - ^l968: