Various cheap but effective storage methods are practiced in tropics for arresting fungal decay and enhancing shelf- life of sweet potato roots. These methods are storage in pits, sand bed, saw dust, earthen pots, heaps in corner of mud house (Jenkins, 1981; Ray and Balagopalan, 1997).
C
ONCLUSION ANDF
UTUREP
ROSPECTSPhysical injury and infection through mother plants are found as two most significant pre-disposing factors for rot to spread. The selection of roots that are free from rots, insect damage and physical damage and storage are few selected practices, which can prevent microbial attack and hence deterioration for significant period. Bio-control by antagonistic yeasts can be an alternate approach for arresting microbial rots either singly or in combined treatment with UV- irradiation but these are not widely used and may not be acceptable to consumers. In temperate region, major emphasis is given on storability in selected breeding lines. The same approach has been investigated in East Africa and can be adapted in tropical countries like China, India and Philippines. Furthermore, post-harvest microbial rots often occur together as a complex rot; it is necessary therefore, to develop genotypes with broad spectrum resistance to major post harvest pathogens. Many of the genes which are up- regulated or down-regulated during post harvest physiological deterioration of storage root have been investigated in cassava (Huang et al., 2001; Reilly et al., 2007). However, genes involved in controlling dormancy, post-harvest deterioration of storage root and resistance to microbial infection are yet to be understood in sweet potato. Transgenic or genetically
modified (GM) sweet potatoes offer potential for developing to produce anti-microbial substances in the root skin. New transgenic sweet potatoes with prolonged dormancy can attribute for longer shelf-life. However, GM sweet potatoes are not widely accepted either by consumers or by legislation and policy in many countries. The mechanism of wound healing is little understood and further research is warranted. Availability of simple indigenous methods adopted for storing sweet potatoes by the local people in different parts of the world may need to be explored. Research is needed for the control of post harvest pest and disease of sweet potatoes. One possibility is to explore the potential of wild plants with antimicrobial properties. Such wild plants can be either used for developing sweet potato varieties with antimicrobial properties in roots through breeding or the extracts of their plant parts may be used to control post-harvest pests and diseases of sweet potatoes.
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