Typhlopseudothelphusa Rioja, 1953a:291 [nomen nudum];
1953b:217 [type-spedes: Typhlopseudothelphusa mocinoi Rioja, 1953b:218].
Typhloseudothelphusa.—Rioja et al., 1955:313 [erroneous spelling].
Typhlopseudotelphusa.—Vandel, 1964:183; 1965:142 [errone- ous spelling].
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Subgenus Typhlopseudothelphusa.—Pretzmann, 1965:2.
Subgenus Typhlopseudotelphusa.—Rodriguez and Smalley, 1972:92 [erroneous spelling].
Subgenus Typhlopseudotehlphusa.—Rodriguez and Smalley, 1972:92 [erroneous spelling].
DIAGNOSIS.—Eyes reduced, devoid of pigment and lacking facets. Pereiopods very long and slender.
RANGE.—Mexico. Known only from the State of Chiapas.
NUMBER OF SPECIES.—Monotypic.
Potamocarcinns (Typhlopseudothelphusa) mocinoi (Rioja)
FIGURES 67. 68
Typhlopseudothelphusa n.g. n.sp. Rioja, 1953a:291-293 [nomen nudum].
Typhlopseudothelphusa mocinoi Rioja, 1953b:218-225, figs.
1-12; 1971:548.
Cangrejo ciego.—Rioja, 1953c: 11, fig. 2.
Typhloseudothelphusa mocinoi.—Rioja, et al., 1955:313 [erro- neous spelling].
Typhlopseudothelphusa mocinoi.—Nicholas, 1962:174.—Hart- null, 1964a: 164; 1964b:78.
Typhlopseudotelphusa mocinoi.—Vandel, 1964:183; 1965:142 [erroneous spelling].
Potamocarcinus (Typhlopseudothelphusa) mocinoi.—Pretz- mann, 1965:2 [by implication]; 1972:7, 64 [by implication], 81, figs. 19. 730-732.—Smalley, 1970:102.—Reddell, 1971a:
26; 197Ib:217, 219.—Reddell and Mitchell. 197Ia:2.—
Sbordoni, Argano, and Zullini, 1973:9.
?Cave crab.—Barr, 1968:82.
Potamocarcinus (Typhlopseudothelphusa).—Smalley. 1970:103.
105.
Potamocarcinus (Typhlopseudothelphusa) mocinoi.—Rodri- guez and Smalley, 1972:72. 92. fig*. 3, 25. 26.
FIGURE 67.—Potamocarcinus (Typhlopseudothelphusa) mocinoi, dorsal view.
(Redrawn from Rioja, 1953b, fig. 1.)
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FIGURE 68.—Potamocarcinus (Typhlopseudothelphusa) mo- cinoi, first pleopod of male: a, lateral view of distal part; b, caudomesial view of same; c, cephalolateral view of same; d, anterolateral view; e, caudolateral view, (a-c, Redrawn from Rodriguez and Smalley, 1972, fig. 3; d, e, redrawn from Rioja, 1953b. figs. 9. 10.)
Potamocarcinus (Typhlopseudotelphusa) mociiioi.—Rodriguez and Smalley, 1972:92 [erroneous spelling],
Potamocarcinus (Typhlopscudotehlphusa) mocinoL—Rodri- guez and Smalley, 1972:92 [erroneous spelling].
Potamocarcinus mocinoi.—Sbordoni, Argano, and Zullini, 1973:26.
DIAGNOSIS.—Same as that of subgenus.
SIZE.—Carapace length 22 mm, width 32.5 mm (Rioja, 1953b:220).
TYPES.—Holotype (<?) IBM; paratypes, IBM, USNM.
TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cueva del T i o Ticho, approxi- mately 3 km S of Comitan, Chiapas, Mexico.
RANGE.—Mexico. Known from only three locali- ties in the State of Chiapas.
Chiapas: (1) type-locality; (2) Cueva de Los Murrielagos, 14 km ESE of San Cristdbal de Las Casas, 29 Aug 1972, J.
Cooke, W. Russell, and R. Mitchell, coll.; (3) Cueva de Los Llanos, 15 km ESE of San Cristdbal de Las Casas, 29 Aug 1972, J. C , W. R., and R. M., coll. Specimens from the latter two localities are in the Smithsonian Institution.
ECOLOGICAL NOTES.—According to Sbordoni, Ar- gano, and Zullini (1973:26), the cave, Cueva del
T i o Ticho, also known as Cueva de la Toma de Agua, is essentially a sinkhole located at an altitude of 1700 m. The cavity intercepts a stream, 110 m below the surface, that furnishes water to the city of Comitan. "From the beginning of the decent, everywhere is completely covered with mud." At the bottom, which is very muddy, a small stream flows in a narrow channel feeding a pool of very turbid water. The air temperature at the bottom was 19.3° C and "halfway down was 18.8° C." Ac- cording to local residents, the crabs are more fre- quently found during flood periods.
Rioja (1953b:225) conjectured that this crab probably feeds on isopods, insects, arachnids, and other cavernicoles that live with it in the cave.
LIFE HISTORY NOTES.—There are no published data. Reddell (in press) reported that "a female with 75 eggs and another with 57 young were col- lected on 21 August 1967 on a mud slope along the cave stream."
Family GRAPSIDAE Genus Sesarma
Sesarma Say, 1817:76 [type-species, Ocypode reticulatus Say, 1817:73].
Pachysoma de Haan, 1833:5; 1835:33 [type-species: Grapsus (Pachysoma) bidens de Haan, 1835:33, 60-61; not Pocky- soma MacLeay, 1821, a genus of Coleoptera].
Chiromantes Gistel, 1848:x [type-species: Grapsus (Pachysoma) bidens de Haan. 1835:33,60-61].
Holometopus H. Milne Edwards, 1852:187 [type-species:
Grapsus (Pachysoma) hematocheir de Haan, 1835:62].
Holograpsus H. Milne Edwards, 1854:158 [lapsus calami for Holometopus].
Subgenus Sesarma de Man, 1895:143 [type-species: Grapsus (Pachysoma) hematocheir de Haan, 1835:62].
Subgenus Episesarma de Man, 1895:165 [type-species: Cancer tetragonus Fabricius, 1798:341].
Subgenus Parasesarma de Man, 1895:181 [type-species: Cancer quadratus Fabricius, 1798:341].
Subgenus Perisesarma de Man, 1895:208 [type-species: Grapsus (Pachysoma) bidens de Haan, 1835:33.60-61].
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace quadrate or subquadrate and convex dorsally; front large and inclined;
pterygostomian and lateral regions with granules and short hairs arranged in reticulate lines. Anten- nules folded beneath front. Antennae situated in orbital hiatus. Third maxillipeds with oblique hairy ridges on exposed surface. Epistome not pro- jecting beyond edge of front.
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FIGURE 69.—Sesarma (Sesarma) verleyi, dorsal view of male from St. Claire Caves.
St. Catherine Parish, Jamaica.
RANGE.—Widespread in tropical and temperate regions.
NUMBER OF SPECIES.—Approximately 35 to 40
American species and subspecies, only one species of which is troglobitic.
Subgemu Sesarma
DIAGNOSIS.—Lateral margins of carapace with tooth posterior to external orbital tooth; upper sur- face of propodus of cheliped almost always without pectinate ridge, when present always longitudinal.
RANGE.—Same as that for genus.
NUMBER OF SPECIES.—Approximately 12 Ameri- can species, only one of which is troglobitic.
Sesarma (Sesarma) verleyi Rathbun
FIGURES 69, 70
Sesarma (Sesarma) verleyi Rathbun, 1914:123-124, pi. 6;
1918:285. 288-289, pi. 76.—HartnoU. 1965:113.—Chace and Hobbs, 1969:191.
Sesarma verleyi.—Hartnoll, 1964a: 145, 164-166, 168, fig. 14B;
1964b:78; 1965:113; 1971:260-262.—Chace and Hobbs, 1969:
14,26, 34, 38, 157.—Peck, 1975:308. 312, fig. 4.
Sesarma.—Peck, 1974b:34.
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument thin and without pig-
ment. Eyestalks tapering distally, bearing reduced pigmented corneal area. Walking legs conspicuously longer than those of its congeners.
FIGURE 70.—Sesarma (Sesarma) verleyi, first pleopod of male from St. Claire Caves, St. Catherine Parish, Jamaica: a, an- terior view; b, lateral view of distal part; c, posterior view.
SIZE.—Carapace length 21 mm (Chace and Hobbs, 1969:191); width 24 mm (Hartnoll, 1964a:
165).
TYPES.—Holotype ( ? ) USNM 24940.
TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mulgrave, Saint Elizabeth Par- ish, Jamaica.
RANGE.—Jamaica. Endemic on the Island where inhabiting several subterranean drainage systems.
Saint Elizabeth Parish: (1) type-locality. Saint Mary Parish:
(2) Limestone cave at Lucky Hill (Hartnoll, 1964a: 164). Saint Catherine Parish: (3) limestone cave at Worthy Park (Hart- noll, 1964a: 164); (4) St. Claire Cave, Edwarton. Saint Ann Parish: (5) Cricket Cave, Douglas Castle. Specimens from the latter two localities were collected by S. B. and J. Peck in December 1972.
ECOLOGICAL NOTES.—In discussing the distribu- tion of this crab, Hartnoll (1964a: 164-165) related that in the cave at Lucky Hill there is a slowly
flowing stream some 60 feet (18.2 m) below the surface that courses over a finely silted substrate.
There the crab was found both in the water and under rocks in a damp area some distance from the stream. In the cave at Worthy Park, the crabs were found in and on the muddy banks of a slug- gish river flowing from a series of rimstone pools.
Individuals on the banks crawled quickly into the water when disturbed.
LIFE HISTORY NOTES.—According to Hartnoll (1964a: 166), the largest male he examined meas- ured 20.5 mm and had "partly mature gonads."
Females were obtained up to 25 mm., and puberty occurs between 18 and 21 mm. . . . No berried females or larvae were obtained, but the ovaries of the females were examined.
In the most mature of these, the ova exceed 1 mm. in diam- eter, showing that when laid the eggs will be large, doubt- less resulting in a modified larval phase like that described for the other species.