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1. lecturers
The results of this study can be useful for lecturers. by knowing best practices including the best strategies in managing classes in virtual classrooms that will help lecturers and students directly to find out the best way to organize classrooms in learning speaking in online classes.
2. Other Researchers.
The researcher suggests to the next other researcher to analyze more deeply about the strategies in managing virtual classroom. The further researcher is going to be interested in using actual and more corpus to cover the limitation of the researcher.
60 Bibliography
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APPENDIX
Appendix A
Interview Protocol adopted and modified from Berry in 2019.
1. How long have you been at the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar?
2. How long have you been teaching online?
3. How would you describe the experience? I mean your experience in teching online, how you manage your claas before you beginning the class, how does teaching online differ from teaching face-to-face? Are there unique challenges associated with teaching online?
4. According to the literature, one challenge that online students experience is creating a community. How would you define a learning community?
5. What would you say is the instructor’s role in creating a community online?
What strategies do you use to facilitate dialogue and discussion in your classes? What activities do you use to promote reflection and critical thinking in the online class?
6. As an instructor, what is your role in supporting students’ sense of community in your classes??
7. Do you use the chat room in your classes?
8. How often?
9. What about chat? How do you think the use of chat in your classroom impacts students’ sense of community? Are there features you’d like to use more in the synchronous classroom? Why?
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INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT
People 01 : P1
Initial Name of Lecturer: H
Me : Assalamualaikum mam, Sorry before mam, I have disturbed your rest time.
P1 : Its Okay, just go ahead, use language that is easy for you to understand.
Me : Well, Mam. How long have you been t the university of Muhammadiyah mam?
P1 : How Long? I stared to consent in 2009 until now, how many years is that 8 maybe, 10 or so.
Me : well, how long have you been teaching online mam?
P1 : I actually didn't start online teaching this year, I am started 2011, Online without having to meet face to face, right? can via WA, and Via Japri.
Me : Yes Mam,
P1 : I sometimes get it over the phone, because of speaking. speaking not need a paper, I just need the speak up. I've been a long time, so this corona for me is just an ordinary problem.
Me : Yes mam, Next mam. how you describe the experience especially how does the teaching online differ from teaching face to face?
P1 : Yes, it's different, with face-to-face we easily share with our fellow students and our students, how they understand the material so 'can't do anything, can't be confused, can't put us aside, anything, but in the online world there are a few things about if I'm too much talk, I'm afraid I forgot.
Or sometimes the way of delivery is saying something is sometimes easy to communicate, and in online teaching it has been explained in WA but
there are also those who don't understand, there is something Japri has to do one by one, and finally I use it like this I say to the leader, I told someone really understood what I said, then I asked the leader, please explain to your class in your own words, I said so, uh explain in your language, maybe my language is also high. The point is very different. In terms of what strategy to use, in that class maybe we don't use too much energy because one question can cover everything, sometimes we can see them say they understand but their pages / faces don't. When I say "okay can you repeat again, are understand what I mean, make a sentence than you make a sentence, and than by the online they say like that" uh mam break up ki mam, bad signal bad signal ", turn I pretended to close the window, they talked about many things and evens, basically there are many times, the point is that I find it now. But in speaking, I use the strategy via Personal Chat No One, because Indonesian culture is afraid of being wrong and being laughed at.
Me : Next mam, According to the literature, One challenge that online student experience is creating a community. How would you define a learning community ?
P1 : Eh, for example in speaking, strategy speaking especially intensive speaking, sometime we talk about asking and giving opinion, their choose one a their class mate and than try to make a conversation by online. And than they are more close to each other, because they like to chat back, they are different in class, they are in groups, that's what they tell me, and than they say, we're getting closer, they even confide in talk about ih how this, I don't understand this one, my mom is this, this one, this, and this. And then their friends will give explanation, its not about more clearly but they are more nuanced with their friends, that is the point, which means the language they use is the language of their peer tutors, that's the term, they use peer tutor language. Instead of the lecturers being too tall, like this, I
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don't use a language that's too high with you, because Fausia hasn't got my tutor.
Me : yupss mam, well next mam, what would you say is the instructor’s role in creating a community onliene ?
P1 : yeah as a motivator and of course there are rules, motivation actually always motivates them, and makes them believe and believe they can do it.
I put forward motivation. They have problems, if indeed they can share problems and get solutions to problems why not, so they are motivated when Fausia knows what Fausia's experience is that I play a role in my opponent's environment and then automatically I feel absent or not. What is the problem. That's why I say that come on together a I stare at zero, we are the same. So I tell them that being smart is not enough, it's best to influence your classmates, make friends with you, uhh, how can you influence your friends that being smart isn't everything but how you can open mind to them that what matters is you can take criticism, because you not everyone wants to be criticized, it has to be built in the community in the classroom. So the most important is communication, we never know that what can I do for you that you never told me, so trust and believe that your friends can do it, it's all a matter of time.
Me : Eh mem, what strategy do you use to facilitate the dialog and discussion in your class mam?
P1 : Uh, you tube facility, and then using the information from goole, I let them get information from Google, if there is also a sample conversation beforehand. But I prefer that they already have some basics about online, so I am more interested in giving them the topic, this is the topic, you are looking for, not everything from mam. The forum for discussion is still opened through voice notes, what do they not know, but more often than not, if they are confused about chatting, I prefer voice notes, because they hear right away, if by chatting there are still many who ask what does this mean, mam, this Mam, this is mam, so I usually use voice notes, and it's
very effective. Then we will also see the background, the students are ta, don't say judge, why are you like this, like this, he accuses, who knows he is a beginner in the online world, maybe his cellphone is not good, maybe the network, maybe the quota is a lot but the network is not possible. So don't tell me whatever strategy we use depends on the situation of the students actually, that is.
Well based on that alone, any strategy actually depends on the character of the students, it can't be said that this strategy is suitable for all students, No maybe he likes writing, likes this but at this time, but when he reads, let me guest you, if he reads like this, he is not happy, try to tell him to read, tell him to tell me, can you tell me, if for example only the second one, that must be treated, different students have different treatment. But that does not mean, for example, Fausiah likes individual learning style, is always individual, teaches her in groups, teaches her discussions, teaches her kinestatic, too, because it is known that she likes groups, always wants to give her discussions, it's her turn to be tell the individual he can't do the mi anyway.
The point is to provide treatment according to the students themselves, but still teach a good learning style. That's all,
Me : Next mam, as a lecture, what’s your role in supporting students sense of communiting in your class, did you play a role in supporting the sense of community class ?
P1 : I support my students by giving, First, keep faith, keep immunity, always given motivation that when you are mad, you always compose, to be success is not protests but the process, the process never betrays the results, I always teach that if you enjoy it. you assignment for lecturer, you Nevers say that ohhh Its to many, its to many assignment mam, but you enjoy for process, if you do many assignment, you will know anything, I always say that, and I always say don't do something right On the deadline,
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I always say don't put until tomorrow what you can do it today, don't chase after a new deadline, you end up stressing, not to mention adding to other tasks, finally your immune drops again, so that's how it is. I always support them and if I also always support you if you don't understand, say, if you don't understand, so you can explain, than you keep in confusion, while there are also many limitations.
Me : The last mam, do you use the chat room in your classes?
P1 : of course Me : How often?
P1 : I'm not that happy, uh, because they eh feel, uhh if they are often reprimanded for their mood, it doesn't feel good. In the online world I prefer to japri. Whenever I am one of them, they feel depressed. And I prefer uh not chat. I prefer to mention, eh Iskandar, what is your weakness, eh, what was your experience during online learning, eh? I linked noodles with intensive speaking. Ehh asking and giving opinion. Why I don't like chatting because probably A eh, definitely don't want that.
INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT
People 02 : P2
Initial Name of Lecturer: U
Me : Assalamualaikum mam, Sorry before mam, I have disturbed your rest time. Well, Mam. How long have you been t the university of Muhammadiyah mam?
P2 : 3 years old
Me : well, how long have you been teaching online mam?
P2 : Approximately 9 months
Me : Next mam. how you describe the experience especially how does the teaching online differ from teaching face to face?
P2 : There is a significant difference from online teaching, the challenge is the network problem and not the direct communication that is interrupted, so to find out or check the attendance of students usually through the WhatsApp group, I ask to list the names of those who attend.
Me : Next mam, According to the literature, One challenge that online student experience is creating a community. How would you define a learning community ?
P2 : Learning communities are mutually beneficial in nature and show a concern for the learning of each individual participant. The most important in creating community is can build communication, we never know that what can I do for you that someone never told us, that why learning community really beneficial.
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Me : what would you say is the instructor’s role in creating a community online?
P2 : As a model for directing students in online learning
Me : Eh mem, what strategy do you use to facilitate the dialog and discussion in your class mam?
P2 : In the ordinary speaking subject, there is a direct interaction between the assignments that have been given and previously providing material using power points. The use of power points in the presentation makes it easier to provide students with materials and assignments, besides chat rooms and videos make students more controllable.
Me : Next mam, as a lecture, what’s your role in supporting students sense of communiting in your class, did you play a role in supporting the sense of community class ?
P2 : Very supportive, always motivating students to attend every week and always collecting assignments right, so they are always present in the virtual class, active in the learning process, and collect assignments properly and correctly
Me : The last mam, do you use the chat room in your classes?
P2 : yes
Me : How Often?
P2 : This class uses the WA group to provide space for participants to be more communicative.
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DOCUMENTATION
Proses Interview Dosen 1
Proses observasi Dosen 1
Proses Observasi Kelas Dosen 2
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Proses Interview Dosen 2
Fausiah Djebba, Dilahirkan di Makassar, Kota Makassar, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Pada tanggal 03 Juni 1998, dari pasangan Abd. Kahar dan Dra Habiba. Penulis masuk Sekolah Dasar pada tahun 2004 di SDN.235 Bolong, Luwu, kemudian pindah ke Sekolah Dasar INP Lariang Bangi Bertingkat ½ pada tahun 2004 dhingga menyelesaikan study di Sekolah Dasar Tersebut. Tamat SMP pada tahun 2013 di SMP Neg. 5 Makassar, dan Tamat SMA pada tahun 2016 di SMA Neg. 4 Makassar. Penulis kemudian melanjutkan study pada Program Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Strata 1 di Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar dan Insya Allah selesai 2021.