CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH
3.6 Technique of Data Analysis
7. Every meeting, the students have to know 25 word about the material, the researcher showed first material about “Member of family” such as:
Father,Mother, Aunt, Uncle,Brother,Sister, Cousin, etc.
8. The students opened the card and saw that find in the picture.
9. The students mentioned the word.
10. The researcher gave greeting to the students to close the class.
3.5.3 Post-Test
After giving treatment, the researcher given post-test to measure the result of the treatment after teaching vocabulary through look and say method.
5. Very Poor ≤ 40 (DirjenPendidikanDasardanMenengah, 2005: 2)30
3.6.3 Finding out the mean score will use the following formula
Where : X : Mean ƩXi : Total Score
N : The total Number of Students31
3.6.4 Calculating the rate percentage of the students score:
Where :
P : Percentage F : Frequency
N : total of the sample.32
3.6.5 Finding out the difference of the mean score between pre-test and post-test by calculate the T-test value using the following formula:
𝐃 𝐭=
30Dirjen Pendidikan Dasardan Menengah, Peraturan Direktoral Jenderal Pendidikan Dasar danMenengah tentang; Penilian Pekembangan Anak Didik (Jakarta: Depdiknas, 2005), p. 2.
31Suharsimi Arikunto, Dasar-DasarEvaluasiPendidikan, EdisiRevisi (Jakarta: BumiAksara, 2009), p. 298.
32Anas Sudijon, PengantarStatistikPendidikan (Jakarta: Raja GrafindoPersada, 2006), p. 43.
X = Ʃ𝑋𝑖 𝑛
𝐭 = 𝐃
√𝐃𝟐− (Ʃ𝐃) 𝑵 𝐍(𝐍 − 𝟏)
𝟐
𝐏 = 𝑭
𝑵𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟎 %
Where :
T : test of significance
D : the mean score of difference (X1-X2) ƩD : the sum of the total score
ƩD2 : the square of the sum score of difference N : the total score33
33Gay. L. R. Educational Research, Competencies for Analysis and Application.
SecondEdition (Columbus: Charles E. Meril Publishing Company, 1981), p. 331.
CHAPTER IV
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
This chapter consists of two parts, namely the finding of the research and the discussion of the research. The finding of the research cover the description of the result of data collected through a test that can be discussed in the part below:
4.1 Findings
4.1.1 The Result of Pre-test
The data collected from the students’ vocabulary mastery through Look and Say at VIII.8 class in SMP NEGERI 1 Parepare. The result of the pre-testcan be described as the following:
After the writer gave pre-test before treatment, the writer found out the result of Students’ Vocabulary mastery in pre-test. To know the last score of students’ pre- test, the writer used this formula as below. The resulted in the information as shown in the following table:
Table 4.1. The Student’s Score and square in Pre-test.
No Students
Pre-test Score
(X12)
Correct Answer
Score (X1)
1 Adilfa Khalifah 9 45 2025
2 Alifah Zalsabila 8 40 1600
3 Amanda 9 45 2025
4 Andi Atifah 11 55 3025
5 Andi Aulia 11 55 3025
6 Andi Delon 11 55 3025
7 Andi Fadlan 12 60 3600
8 Andi Tyara 12 60 3600
9
Ardianti
Dadang 9 45 2025
10 Arzhilla 8 40 1600
The next Table 4.1
1 2 3 4 5
11 Astri Cindi 11 55 3025
12
Deby
Cherunisah 9 45 2025
13 Elsya Salsabila 9 45 2025
14 Fathir Herman 11 55 3025
15
Fauziyah
Maharani 19 95 9025
16 Nur Aisyah 11 55 3025
17 Iis Annisa 9 45 2025
18 Imamul Daffa 9 45 2025
19 Jihan Amadea 8 40 1600
20
Muh.Fadhil
Naufal 14 70 4900
21
Mu’thia
Khairunnisa 11 55 3025
22 Nabila Az-zahra 13 65 4225
23 Naesa Ambar 12 60 3600
24 Neisya Aprizal 11 55 3025
25
Nurul
Mutmainnah 11 55 3025
26 Renata Rombe 11 55 3025
27 Reva Nurul 12 60 3600
28 Revata Rombe 12 60 3600
29 Rizky 12 60 3600
30 Stevai Glen 11 55 3025
31
Syafiqa Kezy
Aulia 9 45 2025
32 Widya Pratiwi 9 45 2025
Total 344 1720 96050
(Data’ source: the Students’ Score in pre-test
After knowing the Students’ score in pre-test, the writer classified the
Students’ score on the following table:
Table 4.2The Students’ Classified Score in Pre-test
No Classification Score Frequency Percentage
1 Verygood 80-100 1 3.125%
2 Good
66-79 1 3.125%
3 Fair
56-65 7 21.86%
4 Poor
40-55 23 71.88%
5 Very Poor 30-39 0 0%
Total 32 100%
(Data’ source: the rate percentage of the frequency of pre-test)
The tabel above shows that the result of students’ vocabulary mastery score before giving treatment through Look and Say Method. The data in the table above shows that in pre-test 1student (3.125%) got very good score, 1student (3.125%) got good score, 7 students (21.86%) got fair score, 23 students (71.88%)) got poor score and none student got very poor score. It had shows that, the students’ ability in vocabulary pre-test was low, because most of the students’
got very poor,poor and fair score.
Firstly, the researcher calculated the mean score of the pre-test:
X ∑𝑥
𝑁
X 1720
32
X =53.8
So, the mean score (X1) of the pre-test was53.8 4.1.2 The Result of Post-test
Meanwhile, the students’ score in post-test would be presented in the following table:
Table 4.3 The Students’score and square in Post-test.
No Students
Post-test Score
(X22) Correct
Answer
Score (X2) 1
Adilfa
Khalifah 17 88 7744
2
Alifah
Zalsabila 14 70 4900
3 Amanda 13 86 7396
4
Andi
Athifah 15 75 5625
5 Andi Aulia 17 88 7744
6 Andi Delon 16 80 6400
The next Table 4.3
1 2 3 4 5
7 Andi Fadlan 20 100 10000
8 Andi Tyara 19 95 9025
9 Ardianti 17 88 7744
10 Arzhilla 17 88 7744
11 Astri Cindi 19 95 9025
12
Deby
Cherunisah 14 70 4900
13
Elsya
Salsabila 14 70 4900
14
Fathir
Herman 16 80 6400
15
Fauziyah
Maharani 19 95 9025
16 Nur Aisya 14 70 4900
17 Iis Annisa 14 70 4900
18
Imamul
Daffa 15 75 5625
19
Jihan
Amadea 17 86 7396
20 Muh.Fadhil 18 90 8100
21 Mu’thia 17 85 7225
22
Nabila Az-
Zahra 19 95 9025
23
Naesa
Ambyar 18 90 8100
24
Neisya
Aprizal 17 85 7225
25
Nurul
Mutmainnah 17 86 7396
26
Renata
Rombe 18 90 8100
27 Reva Nurul 18 90 8100
28
Revata
Rombe 16 80 6400
29 Rizky 15 75 5625
30 Stevai Glen 11 55 3025
31
Syafiqa
Kezy Aulia 19 95 9025
32
Widya
Pratiwi 16 80 6400
Total 502 2510 199450
(Data’ source: the students’ score in post- test)
After knowing the Students’ score in pre-test, the writer classified the Students’ score on the following table:
Table 4.4The Students’ Classification Score Frequency and Percentage in Post- test
No Classification Score Frequency Percentage
1 Very good
86-100 17 53.125%
2 Good 71-85 13
40.625%
3 Fair 56-70 8
25%
4 Poor
41-55 1 3.125%
5 Very Poor <40 0
0%
Total 32 100%
(Data’ source: the rate percentage of the frequency of post test)
The table above shows that the result of students’ vocabulary mastery score after giving treatment through Look and Say Method. The data in the table above shows that in post-test 17 students (53.125%) got very good score, 13 students (40.625%) got good score, 1 student (3.125%) got fair score, and 1 students (3.125%) got poor score, and none student got very poor score. It means that the students’ vocabulary ability had improved through Look and Say Method. It proved that there were inscreasing of students’ score in post-test. In this, the researcher analyzed the data of students’ score in post -test to know whether there is or there is no significant difference of students achievement before and after process in using Look and Say Method in vocabulary ability.
4.1.1.3 Determining Mean Score of the Post-test
The following are the process of calculation to find put the mean score based on the calculation of students’ score in post-test table 4.4
The first, to get the mean score of post test, used formula:
X ∑𝑥
𝑁
X 2510
32
= 78,5
So, the mean score (X2) of post-test was78,5
Table 4.5 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of Pre-test and Post-test
Test Mean Score Standard Deviation (SD)
Pre-test 53.8 1.08
Post-test 78,5 9.11
(Data’ source: the main score and standar deviation of pre-test and post-test)
The date in table 4.5 shows that the mean score of pre-test was 53.8(X1) while the mean score of the post-test increased 78.5(X2). The standard deviation of pre-test was 17.59while the standard deviation of post-test was 80.18.
Based on the data, the mean and the standard deviation scores of the post-test was greater than the mean and the standard deviation scores in pre-test. It means that the students’ vocabulary mastery had improved after doing the learning process that using Look and say method in the classroom.
4.1.1.5 Determining The Significance by Calculating the T-test value
The following was the table to find out the difference of the mean score between pre-test and post-test.
Table 4.6 The Worksheet of Calculate Score of Pre-test and Post-test No X1 X2 (X1)2 (X2)2 D(X2-X1) D(X2-X1)2
1 45 70 2025 4900 25 625
2 40 70 1600 4900 30 900
3 45 65 2025 4225 20 400
4 55 75 3025 5625 20 400
5 55 80 3025 6400 25 625
6 55 80 3025 6400 25 625
7 60 85 3600 7225 25 625
8 60 80 3600 6400 20 400
9 45 75 2025 5625 30 900
10 40 70 1600 4900 30 900
11 55 80 3025 6400 25 625
12 45 70 2025 4900 25 625
13 45 70 2025 4900 25 625
14 55 80 3025 6400 25 625
15 95 95 9025 9025 0 0
16 55 70 3025 4900 15 225
17 45 70 2025 4900 25 625
18 45 75 2025 5625 30 900
19 40 75 1600 5625 35 1225
20 70 90 4900 8100 20 400
21 55 85 3025 7225 30 900
22 65 95 4225 9025 30 900
23 60 90 3600 8100 30 900
24 55 85 3025 7225 30 900
25 55 85 3025 7225 30 900
26 55 90 3025 8100 35 1225
27 60 90 3600 8100 30 900
28 60 80 3600 6400 20 400
29 60 75 3600 5625 15 225
30 55 55 3025 3025 0 0
31 45 75 2025 5625 30 900
32 45 80 2025 6400 35 1225
Total 1720 2440 96050 199450 790 22550
(Data’ source:thecalculate of the Score on Pre-test and Post-test on the improving Students Vocabulary that using Look and say method).
To find out degree of freedom (df) the researcher used the following formula:
Df = N -1 Df = 32 – 1 Df = 31
After obtaining the degree of freedom, the t-table at the degree of freedom 31 in significant degrees of 0,05 (5%), the table is 1,695. The following table showed that the value was higher than t-table value. So, it indicated that there was significant difference between the students’ pre-test and post-test result
Table 4.6 The Test of Significant
Variable T-test T-table value
Pre-test and post-test 1.712 1,695
The data above shows that the value of t-test was greater than t-table value. It indicated that there was a difference between the result of students’ pre-test and post- test, but it was not significant.
4.1.1.6 Hypothesis Testing
The level significant (α) 5% anddf = 31, and the value of the t-table is 1,695 while the value of t-test is 1.712, it can be concluded that the t-test is higher than t- table (1.712 >1,695). Thus, it means that the students’ vocabulary mastery was significanly better after getting the treatment. So, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Hi) is accepted. It has been found that there was improvement of Look and say method on students’ vocabulary mastery.
4.2. Discussion
4.2.1 The improvement of students’ Vocabulary mastery through Look and Say method.
Based on the finding in the previous section showed that the students’s vocabulary mastery has developed, student’s score after giving treatment was higher than before giving treatment.
As explained in data collection, The student’s vocabulary mastery before using of Look and Say method was still low, the problem was that they were still lack of the vocabularies and not familiar with the words. Before giving the treatment, it showed
the classification score there are only one student(3.125%) in very good classification, one student (21.86%) in fair classification, 23 students in fair (71.88%) and one students in very poor. It is means that the students still found difficulties in vocabulary mastery. And after the implementation of treatment from instrument used then the result to increase students’ vocabulary mastery using Look and Say method.
So, the students can increase their vocabulary masery because the students more creative, and does not make the students to be bored. The students should practice and measure their vocabulary in English, discussing with their friend if they have difficult in vocabulary and enjoy the vocabulary to memorize the vocabulary. And it can be helped to memorize word in teaching learning process.
Legina Meynilda said that, Look and say teachnique is one of that is enable to increase students’ language ability in vocabulary mastery. In this technique students are taught to memorize word by sight. This research was conducted to find out students pre-treatment ability, and their post treatment ability on mastery of vocabulary and to find out effect of picture clues on their ability in mastery on vocabulary. And i tried to apply teaching learning process by using Look and Say technique to enhance student mastery of vocabulary.
This method that used of the researcher and there are several ways of the researcher to increase students’ vocabulary mastery not only implementing techniques of teaching vocabulary. So, the students can increase their vocabulary masery. It can be helped the students more creative effective, and easier to memorize the vocabulary.
The researcher used Look and Say method to make students unbored in the classroom and more actively. this method is also modern method because it is combination several method that what the students need and what the teacher need.
4.2.2 To find out how to implementation of Look and Say method to improve students’ Vocabulary.
There were eight meetings for doing the treatment of this research. Two meeting for doing the test and six meeting for doing treatment by using look and say method. At the first, before giving the treatment, the students did the pre-test to know student’s ability in vocabulary introduced herself and gave information about her aim with the students made and the students’ interest to do the next instruction of the researcher. Then, the researcher explains little about the material. After the researcher gave pre test that consist 20 questions. It purposed to know the students improvement in vocabulary before getting the treatment. In this case, the researcher checked at the students work at home. The researcher gave some correction on the students’ paper that was not connecting with the main idea of the material.
On Wednesday September 25th, 2019, in the first meeting before the researcher gave treatment the researcher gave the student’s pre test,the pre test was 20 questions essay,The researcher gave one point for each right answer and zero point for wrong answer. After that, The researcher was greet by the students when the first time the researcher coming to the class. The researcher were welcome by the students. After the researcher opened the meeting, she invited the students for praying before the lesson begin. Next, the researcher continued to inform them thatthe researcher gave motivation to the students’ about the important of English as
an International language before teaching process then researcher also gave information about her aim to do research at SMP Negeri 1 Parepare.
On Saturday September 28th 2019,in the second meeting was located at VIII.8 class of SMP Negeri 1 Parepare, This meeting was a first treatment after giving the pre-test. In the Morning, the researcher started the class by greeting and checked the attendant list. In the learning process, in the first trearment the researcher gave vocabulary about “Animals”, before that, the researcher devide into some groups each group six member. The researcher will show some picture to students about animals to the students as object to describe applied flashcard and The students see the picture and the researcher mention how to pronounce the word, after that the researcher called the students’ from each group and then, the researcher gave envelope and the students open the envelope and take one card and seethe picture, next the students mentioned picture that they find. But if the students A not been able to mention it, the researcher called representative from the first groups takes the picture and mention, and the and the groups friend students B to answer the mention the picture with the word Yes or No. If students’ B has not been able to mention it, then another group is given an opportunity to answer what animal is meant by the caption described by student A and so on. At the end of the meeting the group with the lowest score is punished, such as singing, joking and others. And the researcher also said that the given vocabulary would be a requirement to enter the class at the next meeting.
On Wednesday October 2th 2019, in the third meeting was located at VIII.8 class of SMP Negeri 1Parepare.In the Morning, before starting the material the researcher started the class by greeting and checked the attendant list. After that, the researcher have an evaluated by reviewing the vocabulary given from the previous meeting. In the second meeting the researcher gave vocabulary about “Fruits” to the students as object to describe applied flashcard and The students see the picture and the researcher mention how to pronounce the word, after that the researcher called the students’ from each group and then, the researcher gave envelope and the students open the envelope and take one card and seethe picture, next the students mentioned picture that they find. But if the students A not been able to mention it, each group has two representative to come forward for doing mention the word. the researcher called representative from the first groups takes the picture and mention, and the and the groups friend students B to answer the mention the picture with the word Yes or No. If students’ B has not been able to mention it, then another group is given an opportunity to answer what kinds of fruits weremeant by the caption described by student A and so on. At the end of the meeting the group with the lowest score is punished, such as singing, joking and others. And the researcher also said that the given vocabulary would be a requirement to enter the class at the next meeting.
On Saturday October 5th 2019, in the third meeting was located at VIII.8 class of SMP Negeri 1Parepare.In the Morning, before starting the material the researcher started the class by greeting and checked the attendant list. After that, the
researcher have an evaluated by reviewing the vocabulary given from the previous meeting. The process look and say in the second meeting the researcher gave vocabulary about “Proffesion and Transfortation to the students as object to describe applied flashcard, after that the researcher called to every group and then the researcher provides 25 picture which lists “Profession and Transfortation that will be randomized by the researcher then one of the representative of the group comes forward to matched picture and word and displays the list of transfortations and prefosession. And each group was given five minutes to movement displays by the group representatives. And the fastest movement has the highest score. At the end of meeting the group with the lowest score is punished,such as singing,joking,andothers. The researcher also said that the given vocabulary would be requirement to enter the class at the next meeting.
On Wednesday October 9th 2019, in the fourth meeting was located at VIII.8 class of SMP Negeri 1Parepare.In the Morning, before starting the material the researcher started the class by greeting and checked the attendant list. After that, the researcher have an evaluated by reviewing the vocabulary given from the previous meeting. in the second meeting the researcher gave vocabulary about
“Things in the classroom” to the students as object to describe applied flashcard,after that the researcher called to every group to play snackladder which list of things in the classroom and then one of representative of the groups comes forward to matched picture and word and displays the list of transportations and prefosession. And each group was given five minutes to movement displays by the group representatives.
And the fastest movement has the highest score. At the end of meeting the group with the lowest score is punished, such as singing,joking,and others. The researcher also said that the given vocabulary would be requirement to enter the class at the next meeting.
In that four meeting, the students were very happy and enthusiams to learn English, because the situation in the class was enjoy and they like the material what the writer gave.
On Saturday October 12th 2019, in the fifth meeting was located at VIII.8 class of SMP Negeri 1Parepare.In the Morning, before starting the material the researcher started the class by greeting and checked the attendant list. After that, the researcher have an evaluated by reviewing the vocabulary given from the previous meeting. in the second meeting the researcher gave vocabulary discuss“ Parts of Body” to the students as object to describe applied flashcard,after that, The students see the picture and the researcher mention how to pronounce the word, after that the researcher called the students’ from each group and then, the researcher gave envelope and the students open the envelope and take one card and seethe picture, next the students mentioned picture that they find. But if the students A not been able to mention it, each group has two representative to come forward for doing mention the word. the researcher called representative from the first groups takes the picture and mention, and the and the groups friend students B to answer the mention the picture with the word Yes or No. If students’ B has not been able to mention it, then another group is given an opportunity to answer what kinds of fruits are meant by