CHAPTERONE INTRODUCTION
1.1BackgroundofStudy
VanDijk(1993)definedCriticalDiscourseAnalysisasthetypeofdiscourse focusesprimarilyonsocialproblemsandpoliticalissues.Oneofthefocusesis aboutpoliticaldiscourse concerning on analyzing the textand talk of professionalpoliticiansorpoliticalinstitutionsbynotonlylookingtothelanguage usedbutalsothepowerthatdominatedinthediscourse.
Evayani& Rido(2019),statethattheuseoflanguagecanpossiblyachieve certainpurposesuchasmarginalizingcertainsocialactorsorselectingtheword choices.Thus,language playsimportantrole in maintaining the heareror reader’semotion.AccordingtoHudson(1978)languageisusedasastrategic resource forpoliticiansto maintain powerto achieve politicalgoals,create alliancesandoppositions,andpresentanimagethattheywanttohave.Similar withwhatRido(2020)isstated,languageisaverystrongwaytocommunicate betweenoneanotherandlanguagecanalsobeusedtoconveyideasand desires.Besidesthat,languagecanalsobeusedtoconveyanargumentthat canbestatedinatextandspeech(Unggul&Gulo,2017).Inatextandspeech we can see how theyconveya meaning ora contentthrough sentences (Kuswoyo&Siregar,2019).Therefore,itcanbeconcludedthatthechangesin language showsa hierarchyin public relations(Amelia,2016).The use of languageisverycrucialinmaintainingthereactionofsociety,especiallyfor
politicianswhowanttogainpowerbylookingforsociety’ssupport.Therefore, thetopicofthisstudyisaboutCriticalDiscourseAnalysis.
OneofthereasonswhytheresearcherchoosesElizabethWarrenisbecause during2019andafterthisspeechwasdelivered,sheisstillbecomingoneofthe 2020presidentialcandidatesfrom Democraticpartywhocurrentlyagainstthe governmentandenterthelistoftopthreecompetingwithBernieSandersand JoeBiden(Cilliza,2019).Sheisalsothenumberonefemalewhogethigher votesfrom society,defeatingTulsoGabbard,AmyKlobuchar,andMarianne Williamson.SheisanAmericanlegalscholarandpoliticianwhowaselectedasa DemocrattotheU.S.Senatein2012.
ThereasonwhyElizabethWarrendeliverthespeechlocatedatWashington SquareParkRallyisbecauseitisclosedwiththetragedyofTriangleShirtwaist factoryfirewherethefirecaused146workersdiedandmostofthem were immigrantswomenwhichitalsoissuedbyWarren.Theissueisspecifically talkingaboutasymmetricalpowerbetweenthepoorandtherich,how therich takescontrolofgovernmentanduseittoincreasetheirownprofitswhilethey stickittoworkingpeople(Kaplan,2019).
Inordertoknow thestrategythatsheusesinhercampaign.Theresearcher wouldliketoanalyzeherspeakingstylebyusingthetheoryproposedbyVan Dijk(1980).TheresearcherusesCriticalDiscourseAnalysistheorybyVanDijk (1980)becauseitisnotonlyfocusingonlinguisticelementsbutalsoconcernto theotherpurposebehindthediscourse.Therefore,theanalysisofitisnotonly
basedonthetextanalysisbutalsoexamineshowthetextisproduced.Knowing thespeakingstyleofinfluentialpersonwillbeverybeneficialinanalyzingthe politicalcampaign strategyused bythe politicians.Therefore,thisstudyis importanttobeconducted.
1.2Researchquestions
Basedonthebackgroundofthestudy,theresearchquestionsis:
Whatare the macrostructure and microstructure realized in Elizabeth Warren’sspeechatWashingtonSquareParkRally?
1.3Researchobjectives
ThemainobjectiveofthisstudyistocriticallyanalyzethespeechofElizabeth Warren,theobjectivesis;
TofindoutthespeakingstyleofElizabethWarren’sspeechatWashington SquareParkRally.
1.4Usesofthestudy
Usesofthestudyinthisresearcharedividedintotwosub-categories:
1.4.1Theoreticaluse
Thisresearchcouldbeusefulforthestudentstoenrichtheirknowledgeabout speechfrom apoliticalfigurebyusingCDAasamethodofanalysis.Thisresearch applythetheoryofVanDijk’sCriticalDiscourseAnalysisinthespeechdeliveredby
Elizabeth Warren atWashington Square ParkRally.In more generalscope of Linguistics,thisresearchdemonstrateshowanalysisinthelevelofdiscourseisdone.
1.4.2Practicaluse
Thisresearchcangivecontributionsforseveralactors.First,theresearchcanbe usedbyeducatorfrom Englishmajorasanexemplification.Second,theresearch canbeusedasadditionalreferencebystudentwhoseintentionistodoresearchon thesametopic.Third,thisresearchcanbeusedasadditionalreadingsourcesfor readersingeneralwhowantstohavebroaderperspectiveaboutpolitics.
1.5Scopeofthestudy
Understandingthatthetheoriesandmethodsininvestigating PoliticalDiscourse Analysisaredivers.TheresearcheronlyfocusestousethetheorybyVanDijk(1980). VanDijk(1980)explainedthattoanalyzetheobjectoftheresearchisbyusing macrostructure,superstructure,andmicrostructure.However,theresearcheronly appliesmacrostructureandmicrostructuretofindoutthethemeandthespeaking styleofElizabethWarren’sspeechatWashingtonSquareParkRally.
