2020 13th International UNIMAS Engineering Conference (EnCon)
Faculty of Engineering,
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak,
Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Malaysia
27 - 28 October 2020
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/
International Engineering Conference 2020 Advisory Panel
The International Scientific Committee ENCON2020
Civil
Engineering
Dato’ Ir. Dr. Gue See Sew (Keynote Speaker) Chief Executive Officer of G&P Professionals Sdn Bhd Area of expertise: Geotechnical Engineering
Prof. Dr. Irtishad Uddin Ahmad (Keynote Speaker)
Head of the Department of Civil Engineering at American University of Sharjah (AUS), United Arab Emirates
Area of expertise: Construction & Management
Prof. Ts. Dr. Mohd Rosli bin Hainin (Keynote Speaker)
Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academics and International) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Area of expertise: Transportation Engineering
Prof. Dr. Ng Chee Khoon (Keynote Speaker) Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Area of expertise: Structural Engineering
Professor Simon Beecham
Deputy Vice Chancellor, UNISA Australia, University of South Australia Area of expertise: Sustainable Water Resources Engineering
Prof. Dr. Jianguo Cai
Key Laboratory of C & PC Structures of Ministry of Education, National Prestress Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China Area of expertise: Structure
Prof. Dr. Xiao-Hui Wang
College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, China Area of expertise: Civil Engineering Materials and Structural Engineering
Prof. Dr. K. S. Sathyanarayanan
Head of Civil Engineering Department, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India
Area of expertise: Materials and Structural Engineering, Repair and Rehabilitation of Structures
Prof. Dr. K. Gunasekaran
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India
Area of expertise: Structural Engineering – Construction Materials and Concrete Prof. Dr. S. Senthil Selvan
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India
Area of expertise: Structural Engineering – Steel Structures Professor Dr. Galina S. Slavcheva
Department of Construc on Materials Voronezh State Technical University, Russia
Email:[email protected] (mailto:[email protected])
Area of exper se: Structure forma on and durability of building materials such as nanomodifica on of building materials structure, Rheology of building materials as dispersed systems, 3D-printable concrete
Professor Dr Indrajit Ray
Program Coordinator Construction Materials, Engineering and Management, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago Email address: [email protected] (mailto:[email protected]) Area of expertise: Construction materials
Professor Dr Md Maruf Mortula
Civil Engineering, American University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
email: [email protected] (mailto:[email protected]) Area of expertise: Environmental Engineering
Professor Dr. Farid Abed
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Sharjah, AUS, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
email: [email protected] (mailto:[email protected]) Area of expertise: Structure
Associate Professor James Ward
Lecturer, UNISA Australia, University of South Australia
Area of expertise: Water engineering and environmental science, specializing in computer modelling of water and environmental systems
Associate Professor Dr. JOE G. TOM
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, United States
Area of expertise: Geotechnical Engineering Associate Professor Dr. Xiaowei Deng
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong,
China
Area of expertise: Structural Engineering
Associate Professor Dr. Faiz Uddin Ahmed Shaikh
School of civil and mechanical engineering, Curtin University, Australia.
Email: [email protected] (mailto:[email protected]) Area of expertise: Structure
Associate Professor Dr. Anjay Kumar Mishra Research Director
Madam Bhandari Memorial Academy Nepal and Pokhara University, Nepal Email: [email protected] (mailto:[email protected])/
(mailto:[email protected]/) [email protected] (mailto:[email protected])
Area of expertise; Project Management Eng. Prof. Sibilike K. Makhanu Professor of Civil Engineering
Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology (MMUST), Kenya Email: [email protected] (mailto:[email protected])/smakhanu (mailto:[email protected]/smakhanu)@mmust.ac.ke
Area of expertise: Hydraulics Engineering Ir. Dr. Kelvin Kuok King Kuok
Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus Area of expertise: Water Resources Engineering Dr Suntoro Tjoe
Universitas Kristen Indonesia
Area of expertise: Structure mechanics & construction project management Dr Ir Pinandan Simanjuntak MT
Universitas Kristen Indonesia
Area of expertise: Structure mechanics
Mechanical Engineering
Prof. Dr. S. Prabhu
Head of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India Area of expertise: Nanotechnology
Associate Professor Dr. Yixiang Xu
Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Aerospace, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China
Area of expertise: numerical and experimental study of light weight mechanical system and new materials, e.g. deployable actuators, thin composites, including advanced space structures as well as and design and analysis of infrastructure, e.g. portal frame and web crippling
/
Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Basil T. Wong
Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus
Area of expertise: Near-field radiation, light scattering, nanoscale thermal conduction
Assoc. Prof. Dr. S. Murali
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India
Area of expertise: Manufacturing/Ergonomics/Human Factors
Chemical Engineering
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jaka Sunarso
Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus Area of expertise: Electrochemical-based materials Prof. Dr. M. P. Rajesh
Head of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India Area of expertise: Biochemical Engineering
Assoc. Prof. Dr. K. Anbalagan
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India
Area of expertise: Chemical Engineering, Energy Engineering
Electric &
Electronics Engineering
Prof. Dr. Su Hieng Tiong
Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus
Area of expertise: Design of RF and microwave passive devices Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Sim Kwan Yong
Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus Area of expertise: Electronic and computer engineering Prof. Dr. K. Vijayakumar
Head of Electric & Electronic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India
Area of expertise: Power systems Assoc. Prof. Dr. R. Sridhar
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India Area of expertise: Power Electronics & Drives Assoc. Prof. Dr. J. Preetha Roselyn
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India
Area of expertise: Voltage stability, computational intelligent techniques,
evolutionary computation, Grid integration issues of renewable energy, building automation, smart metering infrastructure
Conference Organizing Committee
EnCon 2020 Committee Members 29-30 October 2020
Hotel Riverside Majestic, Kuching
Advisors :
Assoc. Prof. Ir Dr Siti Noor Linda Binti Hj. Taib
Dean, Faculty of Engineering
Dr Norhuzaimin Bin Julai
Deputy Dean (Postgraduate and Research), Faculty of Engineering
Assoc. Prof. Ir Dr Lim Soh Fong
Deputy Dean (Industry, Community Engagement and Commercialization), Faculty of Engineering
Chairperson : Ir Dr Ting Sim Nee
Deputy Chairperson : Assoc. Prof. Dr Mohammad Ibrahim Safawi Bin Mohammad Zain
Secretary :
Miss Hasmida Binti Hamza (Head) Dr Charles Bong Hin Joo
Deputy Secretary: Dr Charles Bong Hin Joo
/
Secretariat and
Programme Committee
Ir Rudiyanto Bin Philman Jong
Dr May Raksmey
Mdm Norazlina Binti Bateni
Mdm Dayangku Salma Binti Awang Ismail
Mdm Nur Shafini Hamdan
Mdm Rokilah Bte Bohari Khan
Mdm Safaraliwati Ghazali
Treasurer: Ir Dr Abdul Razak Bin Abdul Karim
Deputy Treasurers :
Ir Dr Norazzlina Binti M. Sa’don
Mr Abdul Azim Bin Abdullah
Committees :
Publicity, MoA & MoU
Mdm Rosmina Binti Ahmad Bustami (Head)
Ir Dr David Bong Boon Liang
Assoc. Prof. Dr Norsuzailina Binti Mohamed Sutan
Dr Yonis M. Yonis Buswig
Dr Kasumawati Binti Lias
Mr Saiful bin Edi
Mdm Rose Sima Ak Ikau
Sponsorship
Assoc. Prof. Dr Mohammad Ibrahim Safawi Bin Mohammad Zain (Head)
Prof Ir Dr Law Puong Ling
Dr Raudhah Binti Ahmadi
Mdm Azida Binti Hj Rashidi
Venue and Logistics:
Dr Alsidqi Hasan (Head)
Dr Nicholas Kuan Hoo Tien
Dr Abang Mohammad Nizam Bin Abang Kamaruddin
Mr Mohammad Ismail Hairul Bin Abdul Latif
Technical papers and Publication
Dr Lee Yee Yong (Head)
Prof Dr Mohammad Abdul Mannan
Assoc. Prof. Dr Ahmad Kueh Beng Hong
Ir Dr Mah Yau Seng
Chemical – Ir Dr Ivy Tan Ai Wei
Chemical – Dr Hafizah Binti Abdul Halim Yun
EE – Dr Kho Lee Chin
EE – Dr Dayang Nur Salmi Dharmiza Binti Awang Salleh
Mechanical – Dr Lidyana Binti Roslan
Protocol and floor management:
Dr Jethro Anak Henry Adam (Head)
Dr Nordiana Binti Rajaee
Mdm Rosmina Binti Ahmad Bustami
Mr Affandi Bin Hj Othman
Mr Rozaini Bin Ahmad
/
Special Sessions:
Prof Dr Ng Chee Khoon (Head)
Ir Dr Leonard Lim Lik Pueh
Mr Ron Aldrino Chan@Ron Buking (mailto:Chan@Ron Buking) (mailto:Chan@Ron%20Buking)
Mr Larry Anak Silas Tirau
Dr Mahsuri Binti Yusof
Technical visit :
Mr Ahmad Kamal Bin Abdul Aziz (Head)
Dr Mohamad Raduan Bin Hj Kabit
Mr Affandi Bin Hj Othman
iSTEEX
Dr Idawati Binti Ismail (Head)
Dr. Nur Tahirah binti Razali (Secretary)
Miss Siti Nor Ain binti Musa (Secretary)
Dr. Dyg Norkhairunnisa binti Abang Zaidel (Venue/Protocol/Logistics)
Miss Nur Amalina Shairah binti Abdul Samat (Venue/Protocol)
Dr Gaddafi Bin Ismaili (Special Task)
Dr Zamri Bin Bujang (Special Task)
Dr. Lidyana binti Roslan (Special Task)
Dr. Ngu Sze Song (Special Task)
Mr Mohd Hafiez Izzwan bin Saad (Technical/Logistics)
Mr Azfar Satari bin Abdullah (Technical/Logistics)
Mr Mohammad Ar-Rasyidin Bin Marudin (Technical/Logistics)
Mr Mohammad Sapian Bin Mohamed Kassim (Technical/Logistics) Print
2020 13th International UNIMAS Engineering Conference (EnCon)
Table of Content
No. Filename Paper title
1 2020001318 Design and Development of Remote Laboratory System to Facilitate Online Learning in Hardware Programming Subjects
2 2020001321 A Low-Cost IoT-Based System for Manufacturing Process Data Acquisition
3 2020001404 Effect of Number of Electrodes on Electrical
Performance of Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuator
4 2020001408 Parametric Model Study for Outdoor Routers Cost Estimation
5 2020001502 Review of Temperature and Humidity Impacts on RF Signals
6 2020001513 Hybrid Renewable System based Pumped Energy Storage for the Electrification of Rural Areas
7 2020001835 Sizing of a Hybrid Photovoltaic-Hydrokinetic Turbine Renewable Energy System in East Malaysia
8 2020001931 Improving the Bit Error Rate Performance of Free Space Optical Communication due to Atmospheric Turbulence Effect using New Double Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Technique
9 2020001945 Proportional-Integral Ammonium-based Aeration Control for Activated Sludge Process
10 2020001954 Modeling Rain Attenuation Effect in Free Space Optic Propagation
11 2020002715 Implementation of Verilog HDL in Calculator Design with FPGA Simulation
12 2020002827 Surface Current Distribution and Performance Analysis of Different Feeding Techniques for Microstrip Patch Antenna
13 2020002951 Comparative Analysis of Nuclear Power Plant and Thermal Power Plants Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) 14 2020002977 Effect of Lightning Surge in AC Power and
Telecommunication Lines for Electrical Devices 15 2020003289 Feasibility, Sizing and Economic Analysis of Solar
Energy System for Green Swinburne Campus 16 2020003629 Electric and Magnetic Fields for the Proposed
Microstrip Antenna with DGS for Breast Cancer Detection 17 2020005201 Enhanced Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Efficiency of
Titanium Oxide (TiO2) -Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide
(rGO)
978-1-7281-9293-2/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE
Effect of Lightning Surge in AC Power and
Telecommunication Lines for Electrical Devices
Yanuar Z. Arief
(1)Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng., Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
Kota Samarahan,, Sarawak, Malaysia [email protected] (2) Master of Engineering Program, Department of Electrical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Jakarta Global University (JGU), Grand Depok Citi, Jl. Boulevard Raya 2,
Tirtajaya, Sukmajaya, Kota Depok, Indonesia
Abu Arif Jalaluddin Institute of High Voltage & High Current
Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia [email protected] Lakshmanan Gurusamy Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng.,
Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
Kota Samarahan,, Sarawak, Malaysia [email protected]
Mohd Hafiez Izzwan Saad Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng.,
Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
Kota Samarahan,, Sarawak, Malaysia [email protected]
Hamzah Eteruddin Dept. of Electrical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering Universitas Lancang Kuning (UNILAK),
Jl. Yos Sudarso, KM 8 Rumbai, 28265 Rumbai, Riau, Indonesia
Abstract—Lightning surge phenomenon has been recognized as one of a threat to electrical and electronics devices. This event can cause degradation to the devices performance and at high energy can cause the total failure in devices operation. This research work objective is to observe and monitor the effect of lightning surge to electrical devices especially through their power lines and telecommunication lines port. The surge immunity test was conducted using lightning surge simulator to evaluate the immunity of electrical equipment such as multi- function printer, laser fax and integrated telephone systems to ensure them continues reliability operation. Variable voltage values have been injected to electrical devices in an increasing value up to 15 kV or until the devices cannot withstand the voltage and start to degrade, temporary lost function and totally lost function. The devices performance and behavior has been monitored at the normal performance until abnormality performance has been observed and amount of voltage value at that time were recorded for analysis purpose. From this experiment, the high functional devices such as multi-function printer had the lowest immunity to the surge value followed by laser fax and lastly is integrated telephone systems. It was shown that the degradation and damage would occur if there were some narrow coincidence between the phase angle of waveform and superposition of surge. In this case, the frequently occur at phase angle of 90̊ and 270̊, respectively. The results revealed that the worst and high probability for damage to occur towards coupling/decoupling network is at common mode compare to differential mode (L-PE & N-PE).
Keywords—Lightning surge, AC power line, telecommunication line, electrical devices, surge immunity simulator
I. INTRODUCTION
Lightning events such as lightning surge phenomena and lightning discharges cause a surge from voltages and current to produce. This event is recognized as a threat to electrical and electronics devices because can cause the device degradation and failure to operate. At a certain level such as high energy, it can cause device to breakdown. When negative electric charges generate in a thunderstorm discharges to the ground the lightning phenomena occur as a result of dielectric breakdown in the air [1-3].
This lightning event causes a surge voltage through the cable lines and transmits a momentary high voltage impulse to the inputs of computers and instruments in the control room or to sensors/transmitters in the field. The abnormally high voltage that generated by direct lightning discharge applied to electric power cables or communication cables at that instance times were defined as ‘direct lightning surge’.
The voltage induced by electrostatic or electromagnetic induction on those cables located close to the point where direct lightning hits were defined as ‘induced lightning surge’ [4].
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the branch of electrical sciences which studies the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy. Surge immunity testing is one of the scopes for EMC. For electrical and electronics devices, all the devices are required to pass the EMC standard before introducing and sale to the market and customer [5]. The standard for surge immunity testing is IEC 61000-4-5. This standard explains immunity requirement, test methods, and range of recommended test levels for equipment to unidirectional surges caused by over voltages from switching and lightning transients. These requirements are developed for and are applicable to electrical and electronics equipment. The objective of this standard is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to surges [6-7].
This investigation study on the possibility equipment to be degraded by the exposure of surge is very important due to unpredictable nature of lightning strike. The data and information obtained from this project would contribute towards standards implementation for surge protective devices.
II. METHOD A. Equipment Analytical Hierarchy Process
The main equipment in this research work is surge immunity simulator (LSS-15AX C1A model). This equipment can generate two types of combination surge,
namely 1.2/50 μs (8/20 μs) and 10/700 μs (5/320) μs, respectively. It will inject test voltage up to 15 kV and fully compliant with IEC 61000-4-5 standard [8]. The second equipment is insulating transformer (TF-2302P model). It is used to transfer electrical power from an AC source to some equipment or device while isolating the powered device from the power source, usually for safety reasons. It provides galvanic isolation and used to protect against electric shock, to suppress electrical noise in sensitive devices, or to transfer power between two circuits which must not be connected. The test jig is used for lightning surge test as a connector between electrical devices cable and simulator machine cable.
B. Experimental Setup
Fig. 1 shows schematic diagram of lightning surge test for AC power line. The test object (equipment under test/EUT) is put on the jig and connected to the surge immunity simulator unit. Additional fax equipment is used to check the EUT whether can perform two ways communication during the test. A loop simulator is used as an indicator the EUT and additional fax unit can communicate properly. While, Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of lightning test for telecommunication line. The test objects (EUT) in this work are three types of electrical devices, namely multi-function printer, laser fax, and integrated telephone systems, respectively. Each device is consisting of 10 units for testing purpose. Figs. 3 and 4 show the actual picture of lightning surge test for AC power and telecommunication lines.
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of lightning surge test for AC power line.
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of lightning surge test for telecommunication line.
Fig. 3. Actual picture of lightning surge test for AC power line.
Fig. 4. Actual picture of lightning surge test for telecommunication line.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
There are 30 units of electrical devices under test (EUT) in this research work. They are multi-function printer, laser fax, and integrated telephone systems (10 units each). From these totals of 30 units, only 7 units (23.3%) were observed to have abnormal performance and condition when injected with surge voltage in an increasing value. The others unit of electrical devices were observed to have normal performance when injected with the maximum surge voltage from the lightning surge simulator up to 15kV. Table 1 shows the detail of experimental result.
The performance criteria that were recorded from the observation towards electrical devices under surge immunity are categorized as follows. A is for normal performance, B is for degradation performance, C is for temporary lost function performance, and D is for totally lost function performance (damaged). Fig. 5 shows the experimental result of lightning surge test for AC power line for all test objects (EUT) according to their performance criteria. It can be seen that multi-function printer had high possibility to damaged when subjected to surge voltage compared with other devices.
Fig. 6 shows the experimental result of lightning surge test for telecommunication line for all test objects (EUT) according to their performance criteria. It was found that no damaged performance (D criteria) was found on all test objects under this test. It can be seen that the integrated telephone systems had high ability to the temporary loss function (C criteria) compared with other two devices.
Surge Immunity
Simulator Test Object (EUT)
L/N Jig
Isolation
Transformer Loop Simulator
100 V Power Supply
Surge Immunity Simulator
L/N Jig
Test Object (EUT)
Isolation Transformer
100 V Power Supply Loop
Simulator
TABLEI. RESULT OF LIGHTNING SURGE TEST FOR ALL TEST OBJECTS
(EUT)
Fig. 5. Results for lightning surge test for AC power line.
(a)
(b)
Fig. 6. Results for lightning surge test for telecommunication line.
From data analysis, it can be concluding that the high functional devices such as multi-function printer had the lowest immunity to the lightning surge compared with laser fax and integrated telephone systems. Multi-function printer had more functional working operation such as copy, scan, print, receiving and transmitting process compared to laser fax which only has receiving and transmitting function and integrated telephone systems which had on hook and off hook function. As an example, at case 3, multi-function printer cannot withstand the surge voltage at 13 kV and it performance already totally lost function and damaged compared with other devices which are still in good function at this level of voltage surge. From analysis result, it was found that (+) polarity has high possibility to degrade faster compare to (-) polarity.
As an example of this case, multi-function printer was starting to degrade at 4 kV for (+) polarity compared with (- ) polarity which starting to degrade at 5 kV. The different between (+) polarity and (-) polarity is the flow of electron.
For (+) polarity, electron will flow from test object (EUT) to the surge simulator. The EUT then will try to find the source (such as grounding) to supply electron to surge simulator.
For (-) polarity, electron will flow from surge simulator to the EUT. The electron which gathers inside the surge simulator will flow to the EUT. This work shows that the worst and high probability for damage occurred toward coupling/decoupling network is at common mode which are L-PE & N-PE coupling. From data experiment, it is found
that the degradation and lost function occur to the devices if there were some narrow coincidence between the phase angle of waveform and superposition of surge. By doing analysis from the data obtain, it was found that the degradation and lost function frequently occur at phase angle 90̊ and 270̊, respectively.
IV. CONCLUSION
The experimental investigation on effect of lightning surge in AC power and telecommunication lines for electrical devices has been successfully performed in this research work. In lightning surge test for AC power line, multi-function printer has high possibility to damage when subjected to voltage surge compared with other devices.
While, for telecommunication line, it was observed that the integrated telephone systems have high possibility to the temporary loss function (C criteria) compared with other two devices.
This research work also found that the worst and high probability for damaged to occur toward coupling/decoupling network is at common mode, which are L-PE & N-PE couplings. From experimental data result, it is shown that the degradation and lost function occur to the devices if there were some narrow coincidence between the phase angle of waveform and superposition of surge.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) for the financial support under Small Grant Scheme (F02/SGS/1784/2018) facilitation and support in completing this research work.
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