6Ibrahim F and Fadi M, "Reason for Writing Weaknesses among Pre-Year Students" at Taibah University. Based on the problem, it is necessary to carry out a research entitled "Factors of weaknesses in writing skills among students of the fourth semester of the English department of STAIN Ponorogo in the academic year 2014/2015". Factors of weakness in the writing skills of students of the fourth semester of the English department at STAIN Ponorogo in the academic year 2014/2015.
What are the factors behind the weaknesses in writing skills among fourth semester English department students at STAIN Ponorogo in the academic year 2014/2015. To find out the factors behind the weaknesses in writing skills among fourth semester students of English department at STAIN Ponorogo in the academic year 2014/2015.
Technique of Data Collection
The actions in these data sources were therefore the interview with the writing skills teacher and the targeted sampling by taking the fourth semester students as respondents. The documentation used in this study can help the researcher to find out the result of English writing by students to get information about the reasonable factor behind the weaknesses of English writing. The data given to the researcher was about the result of writing a middle test and the transcription of students' grades. Understanding all that data helped the researcher.
Data Analysis
Qualitative data analysis is the process of collecting and organizing data sources gathered from interviews, field notes, and other sources as systematically as possible to make it easier for people to understand the research findings. Data analysis began when the researcher observed the research subject or interviewed the respondents. Therefore, it could be said that data analysis can be done when the researcher completes the data collection process.
It draws attention to the need to focus, simplify, and transform raw data into a manageable form.16 By reducing data, the researcher can focus on the data to be analyzed. In this study, data were obtained through interview and documentation about the factors behind the weaknesses in writing skills and the efforts made to overcome this problem. In this term, the result of the data could be classified based on the same factors that affect the writing process and the efforts to fix these problems.
In data representation, the researcher systematically arranged the primary data to create simple and meaningful data. The data is arranged well and in detail so that it can be easily understood. In this data view, the researcher made the design of data in the form of short statements. After the data has been collected, reduced, and displayed, analytical conclusions can emerge and define themselves more clearly and definitively.18 In this stage, the researcher draws a conclusion.
Based on the above data analysis, the researcher concludes that in the first phase, the researcher collects data based on the results of the interview and documentation.
Checking of Data Validity
Then the collected data has to be minified which will be used in accordance with the required requirements. In other words, triangulation is the technique used to check the validity of the data through the combination of many different tools, perspectives and time in a qualitative method. The process of triangulation was done by checking the answers of people outside the research objects; they were sixth semester students and sixth semester paper writing teacher on the factors behind the weaknesses of writing skills and the efforts made to eliminate students' writing difficulties, viewed from the interview and documenting whether the data was acceptable / resolved with the data collected by the researcher or not.
Research Procedure
In the application, the researcher observed the problems that hinder the location of the research and started the research. Researcher processed the data by analyzing it related to advantages and weaknesses of the problem, moreover the researcher tried to find the solution to it. Researcher had observed the problem study and then the data result could be interpreted or concluded.
Organization Of Thesis
The second chapter explains the content of theoretical analysis as the basis of the study. It is placed in this chapter to allow the reader to first understand the theory of the research before seeing the result. The third chapter explains the description of the research location and the result of the research.
It talks about the conclusion and answer to the problem statement and recommendation about the result of the research. The related literature review aims to provide previous studies and information about research problems, including insight into the factors behind writing weaknesses.
Writing Skill
- Definition of writing skill
- The characteristic of effective writing
- Kinds of writing
- Teaching writing
- Writing Achievement
In writing, to make a good paragraph or essay, it needs some concerns like the characteristics of effective writing and the composition in it. If a sentence or idea in a paragraph is not related to the main idea, the paragraph lacks unity. Sentences that are not related to the main idea should be removed from the paragraph and perhaps developed in another paragraph.
So, narrative text is a text that explains about the fiction or nonfiction experience that happened in the past. Thus, the recount text is a text that explains past activity that is not a problem in it. In the prewriting stage, writers take time to think about their topic and generate ideas.
They also spend some time focusing and planning the piece to write. A popular activity is called “brainstorming.”24 Brainstorming is a technique that: provides a starting point for building field knowledge by determining what is known about the topic and what new information needs to be explored and organized in preparation for effective writing and gives students the opportunity to hear and share knowledge and ideas. Looping is a variation of free writing that works wonderfully for many people, including those who are frustrated rather than helped by free writing.25 Clustering is another brainstorming activity that you can use to generate ideas. 26. Writing practice should also expose students to different types of writing. Students try to write by understanding many types of writing to improve students' writing ability.
They must provide various strategies that can motivate the students' writing ability.35 In writing performance, the researcher takes from the results of students who write a test. Mechanical proficiency means the ability to use those conventions specific to the written language, such as punctuation, spelling, etc. to select, organize and order relevant information in the text.
The Factors that Affect in Learning Writing
Internal and external factors
Processing content skill is the ability to think and develop thoughts creatively and exclude all irrelevant information. Stylistic skills mean the ability to manipulate sentences and paragraphs and use language effectively. Internal factors "These are those that a language learner takes with him to the particular learning situation".
External factors, according to the International School of Frankfurt, these are related to a particular language learning situation. These factors consist of curriculum, culture, status and motivation.38 In addition, university environments, classroom situation, time, method and internet access are also external factors in the learning process, especially in writing the subject.
Difficulties in learning writing dealing with English component
Students usually face difficulties in the area of production related to meaning, form, possible combinations of words and structures. The dictionary includes, as far as possible, several ways of expressing the same ideas; it is especially important that students learn different ways to express each logical relationship. As stated earlier, this study aimed to find out the factors behind the weaknesses in English writing ability and to recognize the efforts that have been made to eliminate the problem of the students. A description of the study sample is presented in Tables 1–3. An undergraduate course for KAS postgraduate students helped identify the difficulties of academic writing. The present study depended on a questionnaire as the main instrument for obtaining the required information. Problems such as differentiating the difficulty between spoken and written English, making an outline before writing a draft, identifying the skills needed for successful writing, and avoiding buzzwords and phrases.
47Hind Al Fadda. "Problems in Academic Writing: From the Perspective of Postgraduate Students at King Saud University". Vol. Another study by Ghodbana Nacir entitled Identification and Analysis of Some Factors for Students' Poor Writing Production (A Case Study of 3rd Year Students in the English Department of Batna University).48 The sample of this study was 100 and 500 residents studying at Batna University. Regarding the learner, the findings showed that most teachers believe that L1 effects, lack of reading, motivations and practices cause students' poor writing performance.
Ibrahim FathiHuwari and Fadi Maher Al-Khasawaneh conducted the study entitled the reason of English writing weaknesses among preschool students in Taibah University.49 The participants of this study were 10 male preschool students in Taibah University "Yanbu Branch". ” in Saudi Arabia for. 48 GhodbaneNacira.” Identification and analysis of some factors behind students' poor writing production (case study of third year students in English department Batna University)” Dissertation. 49FathiHuwari and Fadi Maher Al-Khasawaneh."The Reason Behind the Weaknesses of English Writing Among Preschool Students in Taibah University". Vol. 05.
The results of the study revealed that students experienced many difficulties in writing the English language due to lack of vocabulary, poor spelling, L1 interference, and poor understanding of grammatical structure.
