The research is interested in the story from Dickens Novel, which tells about the social status problem of the people and how the main character can change his behavior. Here the researcher focuses solely on the novel as one of the ways to do this. In other cases, the events may be described from the point of view of a person outside the story.
A Christmas Carol is the most famous novel by Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol, it is popular in the world. The researcher uses psychoanalytic theory as an approach to analyze this novel because the story of the. What is the social condition of 19th century England reflected in Great Expectations?
Before analyzing the novel, the author needs some foundations in the analysis of the research. Forster in Aspects of the Novel there are two kinds of characters based on the complexity of the characterization.
Characterization
To shape a character trait of a character, the author can show the mannerism, habits or some peculiarities. Instead of describing a character directly, the author describes the character through the eyes and opinion of another. The author can give us an insight into the character of one of the people in the book through what that person says.
The author can also give us clues about a person's character through other people's conversations and the things they say about him. The author can also give us a clue about a person's character by letting us know how that person reacts to different situations and events (Murphy, 1972:178). Readers can have the character of a person in the novel through the thoughts of the author.
The author can give us direct knowledge about how a person thinks, he tells us about the person's inner ideas about tough. The author may describe a person's mannerisms, habits, or idiosyncrasies, which may also tell us something about his character (Murphy, 1972: 173).
Criticism from others novelist
Dickens presents the Cratchit family, who share the same characteristics as the novel's first readers, the poor. Although he is a miser in the beginning, in the last pages of the novel he became a giving person to the poor. In the novel, Dickens shows that there is goodness in everyone's heart, that every person is a good and kind person.
Kruisinga (1948: xxvi) writes that what Dicken preaches in all his books and nowhere more openly than in his A Christmas Carol is the need for a life of Christian charity and universal benevolence. Chesterton says that Dickens' A Christmas Carol is about the change of someone who rejects Christmas during his life. Moreover, this novel tells us about the change of Ebenezer Scrooge, from a narrow person to a sweet person.
He goes from the man who said "NO" to Christmas charity to the man who sends a big turkey to the poor, the Cratchit family. Walder points out that this change is a key factor in the story, which is influenced by some things outside of him, without neglecting the internal factor of the character.
Framework of Thinking
- Time and Location Research
- Method of the research
- Population and sample Population
- Technic of Data Collection
- Research instrument
This chapter presents time and location research, method of the research, population and sample, technique of data collection, research instrument, technique of data analysis related studies to support the analysis. This means that a good sample should be representative of the whole as possible, so that the generalization of the sample of this research. There are insults to how much we can take the sample to represent population, but in general, the larger the sample, the larger the population is explained.
By analyzing the data that explained the personality aspect of the main characters based on the expression of the problem in the novel. In qualitative research, the data analysis technique is used to answer the problem statement. After the data was identified, the researcher classified the data based on the events that corresponded to the reflection of the psychology of the main character of Charles Dickens Novel A Christmas Carol.
The researcher has analyzed, described and explained data based on the theory underlying this research about the psychology of the main character in the novel. Related to the title of the writer's study and the problems mentioned in Chapter I, this chapter discusses the main characters' physical appearance, personality, social status, and social relationships.
Result
- Physical Appearances of The Main Characters a. Ebenezer Scrooge
- Personality of The Main Characters
- Social Status of The Main Characters
- Social Relationship of The Main Characters
Tiny Tim is a highly sentimentalized character that Dickens uses to highlight the plight of England's poor and to elicit sympathy from his middle and upper class readership. This statement can be proved in the following statements and dialogue boxes: “There was a little boy; he was a younger old man. He was known as a good businessman who likes to help the other people and respect or keep Christmas.
All this he does, and very much, till there is nothing, and to Tiny Tim he has not yet died, Scrooge has become his second father.” (Chapter V:107-108). But Tiny Tim is a sickly boy whose life hangs in the balance of Scrooge's transformation into a better man. He hoped that people saw him on crutches because he was an invalid, and it might please them to remember on Christmas Day that the lame beggars walked and the blind overlooked.” (Chapter III: 56).
Scrooge was his sole executor, his sole administrator…, but he was an excellent businessman….” (Chapter I: 3). It can be seen in the following statements: “Scrooge buttons his great coat up to the chin.” (Chapter I: 13). Although they are not highly educated, Tiny Tim has a good quality that can change people.
But if a person stands his idea and cannot accept a new life in society, we will naturally have conflict in society. He does all this, and a lot until he doesn't account, and for Tiny Tim, he wasn't dead, Scrooge became his.
Discussion
Personality of The Main Characters a. Ebenezer Scrooge
According to Graham Little (1966), it includes personality who is a good businessman and a kind of person who creates the condition. According to Graham Little (1966), it is dialogue not good personality Scrooge with the other people. So, this Scrooge dialogues that he is includes indifferent who he does not care about other people, according to Graham Little (1966).
He is like a man who doesn't need other people in his life and gets busy. So he doesn't care about other people around him and never about others. This could be the following statement: "He went to church and walked the streets and watched the people hurrying..." (Chapter V: 106).
According to Graham Little (1966), it is romantic who can make other people laugh. It could be the following thin statement: "He hoped the people saw him in the crutch,. According to Graham Little (1966), it is a personality that he is a romantic with other people.
Social Status of The Main Characters a. Ebenezer Scrooge
Another supporter he is joyful in the face of his illness and his courageous prayer. Graham Little (1966) says that it is a personality that Tiny Tim describes him in his dialogues. According to Graham Little (1966) it is a social status because he is an excellent business man.
In this explanation according to Graham Little (1966) it is in a social status because Scrooge is a businessman whose life is in the middle. This can be supported by the following statement: "The firm was known as Scrooge and Marley." (Chapter I: 4). This can be supported by the following statement: "Sometimes people who are new in the business called Scrooge and sometimes Marley, ..." (Chapter I: 4).
This explains that they include the upper modern classes, which according to Graham Little (1966) are social status. This is evident from the following statement: "Scrooge buttons his greatcoat up to his chin." (Chapter I: 13). According to Graham Little (1966), Tiny Tim is very close to his father in a positive relationship.
Tiny Tim is one of the children who is very happy, moreover his condition is not good. This can be seen in the following statements: “There was nothing of high point in this. According to Graham Little (1966), it is a life in the low that he has a deficit.
Social Relationships of The Main Characters a. Ebenezer Scrooge
According to Graham Little (1966), there is a negative relationship with who he is, nor with respect for other people. He does not like it when people disturb him and disrupt the interests of other people. It is enough that a man understands his own affairs, and does not meddle with those of others.
According to Graham Little (1966), it is the inclusion of a positive attitude that has transformed it into a good relationship with other people. He understands the true meaning of Christmas and has begun to ask for forgiveness from other people whose attitudes have not been good. According to Graham Little (1966), it is a positive relationship that he said is shareable with other people.
Maybe they don't believe it who is always lonely and never addresses other people. Inside, he will care for other people and live with other people around him. Many people were comfortable his attitude that he can make other people happy and smile with him.
According to Graham Little (1966) it is the involvement of positive relationships that can make others fun.
Conclusion
Although they were not very educated, but Ebenezer Scrooge has a firm and Tiny Tim has a good characteristic that can change people. Ebenezer Scrooge and the people around him because the story is about problem solving, love, family, relationships and luxury or city life.
Suggestion
