Analysis Value Engineering In Unair Campus-C Dormitory Building With Green Building Concept On

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Analysis Value Engineering In Unair Campus-C Dormitory Building With Green Building Concept On

Acian Wall Work Item

Intan Mutiara Raja, Fredy Kurniawan, Dyah Ayu Restuti Departement of Civil Engineering

Narotama University Surabaya

[email protected] , [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Value Engineering (VE) is a technique in project management that uses a systematic approach to find the best balance of functions between cost, reliability and performance in a project. Experiments were carried out in the construction of the UNAIR Campus-C Dormitory Building by replacing some materials in order to fulfill the concept Green Building, especially in the material aspect and to reduce costs. Primary data from the construction project of the UNAIR Campus-C Dormitory Building was obtained by interviewing and observing field conditions. This interview was conducted on several parties from UNAIR and Project Management Consultants and added by collecting ideas from discussions with some supervisors. The results of this study is the best alternative in doing value engineering, but still in the green building’s corridor. Where replacing the acian material with gypsum board. This study was gained the cost saving in Rp. 16,727,108.69 or 37.89% of Rp.

155.000.000,- the total cost of the project.

Keyword :

Green Building, Value Engineering, Acian

1. Introduction

Value Engineering (VE) is a technique in project management that uses a systematic approach to find the best balance of functions between cost, reliability and performance in a project. Value engineering refers to a systemic process, aiming to maximize the index value of the project. The value index refers to the ratio of the value of the material or method required to provide a function to cost. The large financing aspect becomes the main focus for re-analysis with the aim of obtaining savings. Value engineering is used to find alternatives or ideas that aim to produce more efficient costs than planned costs.

UNAIR Campus-C Dormitory Builidng is one of the dormitories that is planned to be built as a learning support facility, especially for overseas students outside the city of Surabaya. This building is designed with a total of 12 floors (including the roof floor) with a total cost of Rp. 78,066,819,000.00, - with a building area of 1097.6 m2 where the price per meter is Rp. 71,125,017.31.

The hope to be achieved is to get a higher value, especially in building materials, but with a nominal project that is almost the same at a price of Rp. 78,066,819,000.00, - but pays more attention to the concept of Green Building as an environmentally friendly building which is predicted as an ideal building concept in Indonesia. For this reason, the method is applied Value Engineering to the material without reducing the quality, function and quality of the building but is also included in the category Green Building.

Based on the problems above, the formulation of the problem can be formulated as follows:

1. What theories are needed to support the implementation of Value Engineering?

5. How much is the cost savings after carried out Value Engineering has been on the UNAIR Campus-C Dormitory Building project?

2. Method

2.1. Location

This study reviews the UNAIR Dormitory Building, Campus-C in Surabaya

2.2. Method How to Collecting Data

This study divides the data into 2, namely primary data and secondary data. Primary data is data or information obtained directly from the project authorities. Primary data is the main data that will be used for analysis value engineering. The process of obtaining primary data is by observing field conditions as well as interviews or interviews with several parties concerned with the project and to the supervisor. Meanwhile, secondary data is data used to support this research and obtained indirectly from the object of research.

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Some secondary data from literature books, reports, documentation, libraries, ministry regulations, or from previous research reports. Then add the RAB (the cost plan) of the object under review.

2.3. Method of Data Analysis

The data analysis method used in this study is the method value engineering, namely: (1) Data Analysis Method, carried out using several stages starting from the information stage. At this information stage, as much information as possible is collected about the project that is the object of research. General information obtained from the project at the information stage includes the project name, project location, project owner, and project value. At this information stage, data collection related to the object of research is carried out as much as possible including planning drawings which also include cost specifications, quality specifications as well as determining the objectives of the items to be carried out by value engineering. The stage to determine the target or item of work to be carried out by value engineering is the work that has the highest cost, which is then analyzed using a diagram fast.

Also at the information stage, the function analysis stage is carried out on the results of the diagram fast.

This stage is a very important stage and is the stage that distinguishes Value Engineering (VE) from other savings methods. This function analysis is carried out to estimate the usefulness value of the item being reviewed which is obtained from the information that has been collected. The details carried out at this function analysis stage are (a) Determine the function of the selected work item components; (b) Identifying problems that cause high costs but still in accordance with the concept green building; (c) Determine the basic function of the selected work items, to be a reference in choosing alternatives in the next stage; and (d) Determine the work items to be analyzed at a later stage.

After the information stage, the next stage is (2) the Creative Stage, which is the stage to generate as many ideas as possible regarding alternatives that can be used to replace designs, materials, or implementation methods to be able to perform the function under review. The next stage is (3) the Analysis Stage, which is a stage that aims to analyze the creative ideas that existed in the previous stage, so that at this stage only one idea will be obtained to be discussed in the next stage. Some of the steps taken include:

a. Arrange alternatives based on their ranking, sorted by savings that can be obtained;

b. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of existing alternatives;

c. After obtaining one alternative that has the highest savings rating, then refined information about costs or other more detailed information to make it the best alternative.

d. The activity continued with data processing and analysis based on the GBCI green-ship aspect by emphasizing the 5th point green building aspect (MRC 5) which can improve efficiency in the use of materials to obtain assessment conclusions.

The next stage is (4) the Presentation Stage where at this stage the results of work are value engineering given and presented in the form of profit and loss graphs so that it is easy to read the results of the alternative design analysis with the initial design.

3. Result And Discussion

3.1. Information Stage

At this information stage, as much project data is collected as possible. Included in the classification of primary data and secondary data are distinguished from the method of data collection. Primary data collected through observation and interviews concluded that one of the items that allows to be carried out Value Engineering (VE) is the plaster material on the wall work. While for secondary data collected through books, literature and data generated in the planning process of the object of research.

Table 1 Breakdown Cost Model Table

No. Job Description Total Percentage

(Rp) (%)

I. Preparatory Work 1,701,769,000.00 2.4

II. Structure Work 26,799,273,457.92 37.76

III. Architectural Work 20,464,767,079.00 28.84

IV. Electrical & Plumbing Mechanical Work 20,897,255,731.11 29.45 V. Structure Construction & Architecture

1,106,770,876.78 1.56 Power House

Physical Construction Costs 70,969,836,144.81 100

Ppn 10 % 7,096,983,614.48 -

Total Construction Cost 78,066,819,759.30 -

Round (Grand Price) 78,066,819,000.00 -

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Based on table number 1 above, it can be concluded that (a) the chosen work is architectural work with a weight of 28.84%, and Mechanical Electrical and Plumbing work is 29.45%. It is based on the highest weight after structural work; (b) Although structural work has the greatest weight, it is still not taken as an object of value engineering in accordance with the limitations of the problem in this study; (c) Preparatory work and construction work on the structure and architecture of the power house are not selected as objects value engineering because they have a low weight on the RAB.

From table of Breakdown Cost Model, reviewed the items included in the architectural work, then sorted from the item with the highest cost to the lowest cost to make it easier to find out which work most affected the project. The form of the Cost Model is as follows:

Table 2 Breakdown Architevtural Work

(Rp) (%)

III. Architectural Work 20,464,767,079.00

A Floor Job 3,627,646,316.75 17.73

B Wall Work 8,490,486,445.20 41.49

C Door And Window Frame Work 4,333,872,139.23 21.18

D Ceiling Work 694,471,464.87 3.39

E Sanitary Work 1,207,068,916.76 5.9

F Railing Job 670,392,750.97 3.28

G Painting Job 597,865,051.84 2.92

H Canopy Job 531,659,849.50 2.6

I Housework And Ramp Service 104,075,959.34 0.51

J Supporting Wtp 168,555,154.47 0.82

K Reservoir 38,673,030.07 0.19

Ppn 10 % 2,046,476,707.90 -

Based on table number 2 breakdown on architectural work, it was found that wall work has the largest weight, which is 41.49%. However, the breakdown is carried out to the sub-items of work according to the RAB (Cost Design) as with the secondary data obtained.

Table 3 Breakdown Wall Work Item

(Rp) (% )

I Wall Work

1 Install Precast Concrete Facade T=8cm 1,757,447,277.35 22.37 2 Hebel Masonry Work,T=7,5cm 1,102,885,154.28 14.04 3 Prime Mortar & Acian Plastering Works (Wall) 2,539,423,113.66 32.33 4 Prime Mortar & Acian Plastering Works 510,958,535.35 6.51

5 Corner Plastering Work 347,088,879.20 4.42

6 Practical Column (10/10) 636,561,452.36 8.1

7 Practical Beam (10/15) 133,566,780.67 1.7

8 Gray Andesite Potted Stone Work Plant 19,055,801.34 0.24

9 Acp Column Cover 92,569,942.55 1.18

10 Acp Wall 479,200,544.56 6.1

11 Acp Panel Cutting Work 73,328,534.97 0.93

12 Acrylic Column Cover (Cutting Acp) 73,328,534.97 0.93

13 Granite Tile Column Cover 10,318,066.80 0.13

14 Andesite Stone Column Cover 26,073,620.00 0.33

15 Grc Board Column Cover 21,499,662.00 0.27

16 Gypsum Double Wall 22,057,943.49 0.28

17 Gypsum 9,437,236.59 0.12

Ppn 10 % 785,480,108.02 -

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Based on the table breakdown for wall work, the top item that has the greatest weight is prime mortar &

plastering (wall) work of 32.33%.

3.2. Analysis Function Stage

The function analysis stage is carried out by raising the question of why and how brick and mortar can function in the physical building.

3.3. Creativity Stage

Considering the aspect Green Building with the benchmark of fabricated materials, the Prime Mortar &

Acian Plastering Work for Walls will be replaced with the installation of gypsum, Kalsiboard or GRC with the aim of increasing efficiency in material use and reducing construction waste.

The alternative was chosen with the consideration that it can reduce water use, reduce project waste which also speeds up plastering and acian work. Although gypsum, GRC, and kalsiboard are generally used for ceilings and the main structures are both made of fiber and cement, considering the different unit prices in the market, the analysis of the prices of the three is also different. The following are the specifications for gypsum, GRC and Kalsiboard that will be used on table below:

Table 4 Alternative Material Specification

Gypsum GRC Kalsiboard

Color Gray Gray Gray

Dimensions 9mm x 1200mm x 6mm x 1200mm x 6mm x 1200mm x

Brand Indogyp GRC Board Kalsi-Ling

Weight 16 - 17kg / Sheet 30.1 Kg / Sheet 25.36 Kg/Sheet

Sound Transmission Class Yes Yes Yes

According to table 3, the prominent difference is in the weight and thickness of the material. Gypsum as a thicker material (9mm thick) actually has a lighter weight compared to other materials. This gives a plus to the Gypsum material because it will slightly reduce the load on the wall. Medium, according to the price analysis table of Gypsum, GRC and Kalsiboard. Gypsum board has the lowest price analysis compared to other boards.

Where this also provides added value to the gypsum material. In addition to lighter weight, gypsum also has a cheaper price analysis. The following is an example of a picture of installing gypsum board on a lightweight brick wall using adhesive that is affixed randomly (dob and dab method). After finding the best material with a comparison of specifications and price analysis, the next stage is the analysis stage by analyzing the Life Cycle Cost of each alternative material.

3.4. Analysis Stage

The data processing process used Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis in this study at the Joint Lecture building. Calculation of the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) on the repair work item. This stage uses the reference PERMEN PU NO.45 of 2007 concerning technical guidelines for building construction for calculating annual maintenance costs. Another regulation that is also used is Government Regulation no. 36 of 2005, the estimated design life used in this analysis is 20 years.

3.5. Recommendation Stage

After calculating the price analysis for each alternative along with its Life Cycle Cost (LCC), the Indogyp brand gypsum board material was chosen as a material capable of replacing the acian. The gypsum material was chosen because it has met the GBCI standard, especially point 5 (MRC-5) which can increase efficiency in the use of materials. In addition, the Indogyp brand gypsum board has been certified Sound Transmission Class (STC) which means it has good acoustic performance, can isolate rooms that require optimal quiet from outside noise.

The placement of gypsum as an interior room on the right wall is also intended to avoid echoing sounds due to the reflection nature of the gypsum board. The following is a comparison of the initial and final prices aftercarried out Value Engineering has been on plastering and plaster work.

Table 5 Recommendation

Contruction's Cost (Rp) LCC's Cost (Rp)

No Type First Design Recommendation First Design Recommendation

1 Plastering and

finishing work 253,852,305.26 163,451,772.00 253,852,305.26 32,690,354.40

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4. Conclusions And Suggestions

4.1. Conclusions

From the results of the analysis Value Engineering on the UNAIR Campus C Dormitory Development project by looking at the use of materials in plastering and aci work, AC installation work, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. The implementation of Value Engineering can be supported by several theories as described in Chapter II, namely:

a. Function is a function of a specific job that has been designed or an item that must be done in a project;

b. Quality is the needs, wants, and expectations of the owner or user; and

c. Cost where costs are calculated using the concept of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) which pays attention to the life cycle costs of a product or project within a certain period of time.

2. The cost savings after Value Engineering has been carried out on the UNAIR Campus-C Dormitory Building project are as follows:

a. The savings from the calculation of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) on plastering and plaster work is Rp.

90,400,533.26 or 35.61% of the initial design cost.

b. The cost efficiency that can be obtained by using Value Engineering is Rp. 108,480,639.91 or 64.38% of Rp. 304,622,766.31 ,- the total cost of the project on acian work items.

4.2. Suggestions

Based on the conclusions above, the author conveys several suggestions regarding the application of the method Value Engineering in a project, namely as follows:

1. Application of the method Value Engineering, its development is not only limited to controlling costs, but also optimizing time and labor control. For that, we need a team that concentrates on the implementation stage of the work.

2. In order to get optimal savings, the implementation of Value Engineering is carried out a through review of all work items

References

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Operations. Kingston, Mass. : R. S. Means Company, 1997

Arabella Dayantha, B., Sufianto, H., & Deddy Putranto, A. (2016). Studi Implementasi Konsep Green Building pada Gedung Rektorat Universitas Brawijaya.

De Luca, P., Carbone, I., & Nagy, J. B. (2017). Green building materials: A review of state of the art studies of innovative materials. Journal of Green Building, 12(4), 141–161. https://doi.org/10.3992/1943- 4618.12.4.141

Fatkhurrohman, M. A. (2013). Tingkat Redam Suara Suatu Bahan (Triplek , Gypsum dan Styrofoam). Jurnal Fisika, 3(2), 138–143.

GBCI. (2013). Perangkat Penilaian GREENSHIP (GREENSHIP Rating Tools). Greenship New Building Versi 1.2, April. http://elib.artefakarkindo.co.id/dok/Tek_Ringkasan GREENSHIP NB V1.2 - id.pdf

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Mulyadi : (2001) Akuntansi Manajemen, Konsep, Manfaat dan Rekayasa, edisi ketiga, Salemba Empat, Jakarta.

Biography

Intan Mutiara Raja, Born in Surabaya in May 1997. Student of the civil engineering faculty of Narotama University Surabaya with a school history from SDN Kertajaya IV Surabaya, then study in SMPN 39 Surabaya and continued to SMAN 16 Surabaya. In 2015, she continued his study at Diploma III, Civil Engineering Transport Building Department, ITS Surabaya. Currently the author is working as a freelancer editing.